CN102287260A - Double-swirl combustion system with swirls - Google Patents
Double-swirl combustion system with swirls Download PDFInfo
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- CN102287260A CN102287260A CN2011101182554A CN201110118255A CN102287260A CN 102287260 A CN102287260 A CN 102287260A CN 2011101182554 A CN2011101182554 A CN 2011101182554A CN 201110118255 A CN201110118255 A CN 201110118255A CN 102287260 A CN102287260 A CN 102287260A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-swirl combustion system with gas inlet swirls (S-DSCS). When the double-swirl combustion system is adopted, on one hand, fuel oil forms the swirls in opposite directions inside and outside a combustion chamber through a double-swirl combustion chamber structure, the uniformity of oil-gas mixed gas in the axial space of the combustion chamber is improved, and on the other hand, the fuel oil is more uniformly distributed in the circumferential space of the combustion chamber through the gas inlet swirls, so the fuel oil is more uniformly distributed in the circumferential space of the combustion chamber under the duplex effects of double swirls and vortexes, the air utilization rate is improved, the heat releasing through combustion is accelerated, the power is improved, the oil consumption is reduced, and simultaneously, the discharge performance is also improved. The double-swirl combustion system is realized through adding the gas inlet swirls on the basis of the double-swirl combustion chamber, and simplicity, convenience and easy implementation are realized.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of diesel engine double-swirl combustion system that has the air inlet eddy flow, this system forms the intake swirl that superposes on the basis of two plumes at two swirl combustion chambers, make the fuel oil not only can be more even along distributing in the plane on the axial direction of firing chamber, and because the existence of eddy current, make fuel oil on the circumferential direction of firing chamber, distribute more evenly, thereby the uniformity and the air utilization ratio of mixed gas have been improved, make the burning heat release faster, when reducing oil consumption, improving power, also improved emission performance.
Background technique
The oil gas mixed process of modern diesel engine directly affects combustion performance and emission performance.Therefore, it is wider that fuel oil is distributed in whole bags scope, improves and Air mixing speed, reduces to occur in the firing chamber skewness of fuel oil, can obviously improve power character, Economy and the emission performance of diesel engine.
Used various firing chamber oil, gas, chamber matching process in the modern diesel engine and improved engine combustion and emission performance, but these technology paths cause skewness, air utilization ratio not high to a certain extent.For explanation better, analyze several typical combustion system defectives respectively below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the moulding of toroidal combustion chamber, and Fig. 2 is the plan view of toroidal combustion chamber, and 4 districts among Fig. 1 among 1,2,3 districts and Fig. 2 are respectively the different spatial of firing chamber, and S is that oil spray is annotated.Oil gas mixed form in the toroidal combustion chamber is that typical restricted clearance jet mixes, and generally adopts multiple orifice nozzle, less oil bundle angle, the bus almost parallel of the axis of fuel injection and center, the firing chamber conical surface.Usually fuel oil high-pressure injection technology can improve atomization quality, increase Air Entrainment, helping near the oil gas of oil bundle S mixes, but from Fig. 1 as can be seen, distributing few near 1 district at center, firing chamber, 2 districts and bottom clearance 3 district's fuel oils of firing chamber upside, air utilization ratio is low, causes near the flock together phenomenon of fuel oil combustion chamber throat easily.Although the uniformity that the fuel oil that can adopt intake swirl to improve 4 districts among Fig. 2 distributes, but no matter this type of combustion system takes which kind of measure (changing injection pressure, spray orifice aperture and hole count, injection timing etc.), all can't improve the air utilization ratio problem in 1,2,3 districts.And existing pair of plume system is because two plume existence is improved the air utilization ratio in 1,2,3 districts, as shown in Figure 3.But do not mate intake swirl, the air in 4 districts is not still utilized well.In sum, these combustion systems are only paid attention to the oil gas mixing in part space, firing chamber at present, and have no idea to realize the even distribution of fuel oil and making full use of of air in the whole bags.Purpose of the present invention is exactly on the basis of two swirl combustion chambers, add intake swirl, make fuel oil under the double action of two plume burnings and eddy current, upwards distribute more evenly at firing chamber axial plane and week, thereby utilize the air in the whole space, firing chamber more fully, promote the oil gas rapid mixing, make burning more abundant, improve Economy, power character and the hazardous emission of diesel engine.
The diesel engine double-swirl combustion system of the band eddy flow that the present invention relates to, on the one hand, as Fig. 3, high pressure fuel touches the arc ridge of two swirl combustion chambers after the nozzle ejection, under the effect of arc ridge, a part enters firing chamber inner room and air mixing, and a part enters firing chamber mistress and air mixing, the oil gas that helps 1 district, 2 districts and 3 districts mixes, and enlarges the distribution of fuel oil on the axial cross section of firing chamber; On the other hand, as Fig. 4, by at cylinder inner tissue eddy current, fuel oil can upwards enlarge the area of contact of fuel oil and fresh air in week under its effect, the air in 4 districts is fully used, thus the raising air utilization ratio.The design of this combustion system, air in two whole spaces of swirl combustion chamber is utilized effectively, and fuel oil is more evenly distributed in the bags, so velocity of combustion is faster, strengthened near its rate of heat release and capacity for work top dead center, emission performance also is improved.This combustion system is easy to process, utilizes swirl air passage to add the intake swirl eddy current on the basis of existing pair of swirl combustion chamber and can realize.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of diesel engine double-swirl chamber system with eddy flow, this combustion system can make fuel oil under the effect of two swirl combustion chamber arc ridge, more even with Air mixing in the axial cross section of firing chamber, simultaneously under the effect of eddy current, it is more even that fuel oil is circumferentially mixed in the firing chamber, and promptly fuel oil distributes more evenly in the whole bags.This has just improved fuel oil and Air mixing effect, has improved air utilization ratio, has improved combustion process, improves Economy, power character and emission performance index.
In order to realize purpose of the present invention, proposed a kind ofly can on the basis, firing chamber of certain special construction, add the circumferential flow of air in cylinder, i.e. eddy flow.Wherein, the firing chamber is two swirl combustion chambers.At suitable crank angle, high pressure fuel sprays through nozzle, clash into mutually with the arc ridge of two swirl combustion chambers, the oil bundle is divided into two, inner room forms clockwise fuel oil scrolling, and the mistress forms anticlockwise fuel oil scrolling, and fuel oil forms the plume on the both direction like this, what air utilized on the axial cross section in the firing chamber is effective, and this is two swirl combustion chamber advantages.
On two swirl combustion chambers basis, produce intake swirl by guiding in the intake process, fuel oil upwards fully mixes in firing chamber week with air under the effect of eddy current.Intake swirl can be formed by the air flue of different structure, as tangential air flue, and helical intake, air guide screen.After oil bundle ejection one segment distance goes out, be subjected to the effect of eddy current, certain moving takes place along the eddy current sense of rotation in fuel oil that has evaporated and the fuel oil oil droplet that some are little, and the mist of oil area increases, thereby has enlarged the distribution that oily bundle made progress in firing chamber week.The surface of contact of fuel oil and air connects increase, and mixed effect is better, promptly utilizes effective to circumferential air.This is the advantage that adds intake swirl.Fuel oil and air fully mix the cylinder axial and circumferential, make the fuel-air mixture in the whole space, firing chamber more even.
In the present invention, the coupling of the design of two swirl combustion chambers and swirl rate size is crucial.In order to reach the purpose that two swirl combustion chambers make full use of the burning indoor air, the coupling of the position of inside and outside chamber, firing chamber radius of arc, interior mistress's volume ratio, arc ridge and fuel oil oil bundle angle all is the problem that consider.When fuel oil oil bundle at suitable engine crankshaft corner position ejection bump arc ridge, and have one reasonably in during mistress's fuel distribution ratio, be only the optimum Working of two swirl combustion chambers.And the size of swirl rate has determined the distribution situation of oily bundle at the firing chamber circumferencial direction, and swirl rate is too small, and then mixed effect is not obvious, and swirl rate is excessive, can cause adjacent two bundle fuel oils to superpose, local fuel oil density unevenness, and mixed effect worsens.
Adopt the present invention can make diesel engine oil gas mix even more, velocity of combustion quickening.In cylinder, produce intake swirl in the intake process, fuel oil is more even in axial mixing under the effect of two swirl combustion chamber arc ridge on the one hand, on the other hand because the firing chamber that acts on of eddy current is circumferentially mixed more evenly, promptly the whole space internal combustion oil distribution uniform in the firing chamber is improvement, expansion and the extension to combustion system with double plume.The present invention can be mated on the basis of original pair of swirl combustion chamber, and is simple and easy to do.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is toroidal combustion chamber's axial cross section oil gas zoning plan.
Fig. 2 is the circumferential oil gas zoning plan of toroidal combustion chamber under the no intake swirl situation.
Fig. 3 is two swirl combustion chamber axial cross section oil gas zoning plans.
Fig. 4 is for there being the circumferential oil gas zoning plan of the following pair swirl combustion chamber of intake swirl situation.
Fig. 5 is the threedimensional model during the corresponding spray orifice of toroidal combustion chamber in the specific embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the threedimensional model during the corresponding spray orifice of two swirl combustion chambers in the specific embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the grid moulding during the corresponding spray orifice of toroidal combustion chamber in the CFD software.
Fig. 8 is the grid moulding during the corresponding spray orifice of two swirl combustion chambers in the CFD software.
Fig. 9 is that useful horsepower is calculated the result under the corresponding different swirl rates of toroidal combustion chamber.
Figure 10 is the emulation meter result of useful horsepower under the corresponding different swirl rates of two swirl combustion chambers.
Figure 11 does not get optimal vortex and does not have eddy current than, two swirl combustion chamber for toroidal combustion chamber has eddy current, toroidal combustion chamber, two swirl combustion chambers go optimal vortex than the time useful horsepower simulation calculation result.
Figure 12 is 376 ℃ of A, the empty equivalent proportion axial slices of the combustion of the SR=0 of toroidal combustion chamber correspondence figure.
Figure 13 is 376 ℃ of A, the velocity field axial slices figure of two swirl combustion chamber SR=0.8 correspondences.
Figure 14 is 376 ℃ of A, the circumferential slice map of the empty equivalent proportion of the combustion of the SR=0 of toroidal combustion chamber correspondence.
Figure 15 is 376 ℃ of A, all tangential sections of the empty equivalent proportion of the combustion of two swirl combustion chamber SR=0.8 correspondences.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 3 is the border of two swirl combustion chambers.Among the figure, arrive at the arc ridge very soon after the high pressure fuel ejection, fuel oil enters inner chamber space 1 and mistress space 2 respectively under the effect of arc ridge.When the oil spout angle mates mutually with injection advance angle, arc ridge position, fuel oil can be at proper engine crank angle bump arc ridge, fuel oil is divided into two, a part is moved in a clockwise direction at inner room, a part is moved with counter clockwise direction the mistress in addition, so just form the fuel oil scrolling of both direction, therefore two swirl combustion chambers gain the name.Therefore, by the effect of arc ridge, fuel oil can be assigned in certain proportion the inside and outside chamber of firing chamber, the air utilization ratio on the axial direction of firing chamber significantly improves, and oil, gas mixing velocity and rate of burning improve.
Induce the generation intake swirl on two swirl combustion chambers basis, as shown in Figure 4, fuel oil deflects along the eddy current direction under the brushing of eddy current, and the fuel oil area coverage circumferential in the firing chamber increases, and promptly the area in zone 4 reduces among Fig. 4.Fuel oil fully contacts with fresh air, has improved air utilization ratio.Like this, inducing generation eddy current (Swirl) in the process in the recent period on the basis of combustion system with double plume (DSCS), formed the combustion system with double plume (S-DSCS) of bringing cyclonic current into, fuel oil oil bundle has improved the uniformity of fuel-air mixture can evenly distributing under the comprehensive function of the two in the gamut of firing chamber.
Specific embodiment:
Set up the toroidal combustion chamber under the identical compression ratio condition respectively and bring the CFD three-dimensional grid model of two swirl combustion chambers of gas eddy stream into, carry out simulation calculation and contrast.
The Combustion chamber design parameter is: cylinder diameter 132mm, stroke 145mm, length of connecting rod 262mm, clearance height 1.3mm.Calculate according to compression ratio 17, ω firing chamber and two swirl combustion chamber volume should be 106224mm
3ω firing chamber and two swirl combustion chamber volume are respectively 106448mm in the actual moulding
3And 106056mm
3, deviation ratio is respectively 0.21% and 0.16%.In the solid, toroidal combustion chamber's throat diameter is 99mm, and two swirl combustion chamber mistress throat diameters are 99mm, and the inner room diameter is 64mm.Two plume arc ridge degree of depth are 10.45mm, and the inner room radius of arc is 7.2mm, and mistress's radius of arc is 9.9mm.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are respectively the moulding figure of toroidal combustion chamber and two swirl combustion chamber corresponding single spray orifice in Pro/E software.Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are respectively toroidal combustion chamber and the grid model of two swirl combustion chamber in three-dimensional artificial software, because the calculating employing is 8 hole oil sprayers, according to the symmetry properties of result of calculation, only gets 1/8 firing chamber and carry out grid dividing.According to previous calculating experience, grid is excessive, and then calculation accuracy reduces; Grid is too small, increases greatly following computing time in situation about obtaining under the identical calculations precision, makes computational efficiency reduce, and therefore in model, mesh scale all is about 1mm, has also shortened computing time like this when guaranteeing calculation accuracy.
Two kinds of firing chamber initial conditions and computation models in calculating are chosen all identical.The calculating initial conditions is as follows: rotating speed is 2500 rev/mins, and calculating the interior middle pressure of initial point cylinder is 3.9bar, and intake temperature is 333K, and excess air coefficient is 1.8.Beginning of injection is 346 ℃ of A, and end of injection is 384 ℃ of A constantly, and oil injection duration is 38 ℃ of A.The single hole fuel delivery per cycle is 33.4mg/cyc.The oil spout angle is 155 °.The swirl rate formula: rotation airspeed/engine speed in the SR ratio=cylinder, therefore, can adjust swirl rate by the size that rotation airspeed in the cylinder is set in the calculating, setting the swirl rate size successively is 0,0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6.
Fig. 9 correspondence be the useful horsepower Pe simulation calculation result of toroidal combustion chamber under different swirl rates.As seen from the figure, useful horsepower Pe is along with first rising of the increase of swirl rate afterwards reduced, and useful horsepower Pe reaches maximum when SR=1.2, is 69.35kW.
Figure 10 correspondence be the two useful horsepower Pe simulation calculation results of swirl combustion chamber under different swirl rates.As seen from the figure, useful horsepower Pe is along with first rising of the increase of swirl rate afterwards reduced, and useful horsepower Pe obtains maximum value when SR=0.8, has reached 85.43kW.Therefore, add the performance that eddy current can improve two plume burning combustion systems, but it there is an optimum value SR=0.8, makes performance reach optimum.
Figure 11 is that the burning of toroidal combustion chamber, two plume does not add eddy current, the corresponding optimal vortex of toroidal combustion chamber than, the corresponding optimal vortex of two swirl combustion chamber than the time useful horsepower.As seen from the figure, add eddy current after, the performance of the performance of toroidal combustion chamber when not having eddy current increases, illustrate and add the performance that eddy current helps to improve motor, but the amplitude that improves is limited, and useful horsepower has been brought up to 69.35kW from 65.06kW, has only promoted 6.6%.Simultaneously as can be seen, even the optimal vortex ratio is got by toroidal combustion chamber, performance when its performance does not still have eddy current not as good as two swirl combustion chambers, illustrate that toroidal combustion chamber is accompanied by the adding of eddy current, circumferentially the fuel oil mixed effect in the space improves, but because the narrow limitation of himself structure, the performance of raising motor that can not be by a relatively large margin, i.e. the potentiality of performance boost are limited.After two swirl combustion chambers were got the optimal vortex ratio, performance was improved when also not having eddy current, and useful horsepower Pe has reached 85.43kW, has promoted 21.8% when not having eddy current, has promoted 31.3% than toroidal combustion chamber, and power ascension is remarkable.Explanation thus, after two swirl combustion chambers added eddy current, fuel oil was not only in axial good mixing effect, and simultaneously circumferential oil gas mixing also is improved, and can promote engine performance significantly.
Figure 12 fires empty equivalent proportion axial slices cloud atlas for 376 ℃ of A of toroidal combustion chamber's example.Figure 13 be two swirl combustion chambers under no swirl rate condition, the velocity field axial slices figure in 376 ℃ of A moment.Comprehensive these 3 figure as can be seen, toroidal combustion chamber's intermediate fuel oil is distributed in far-end dell place, firing chamber more concentratedly, diffusion fully, the air in 1 district, 2 districts and 3 districts is not fully utilized, the oil gas mixed effect is relatively poor, has reduced velocity of combustion.In two swirl combustion chamber models, fuel oil is under the effect of arc ridge, and a part rotates into inner room in the direction of the clock, and a part so just helps the air that fuel oil utilizes interior mistress according to counterclockwise entering the mistress.When Figure 14 did not have eddy current for two swirl combustion chambers, 376 ℃ of A fired the circumferential slice map of empty equivalent proportion constantly, Figure 15 be two swirl combustion chambers under optimal vortex compares, 376 ℃ of A fire the circumferential slice map of empty equivalent proportion constantly.From Figure 14, Figure 15 as can be seen, after adding eddy current on the basis of two swirl combustion chambers, fuel oil has taken place to move and crooked under the effect of eddy current, and the fuel oil distribution area increases, and mixed effect is better.In this simultaneously, also can be interpreted as what useful horsepower Pe behind swirl rate SR＞0.8 in two swirl combustion chambers from Figure 15 reduces, reason is: when swirl rate is excessive, too much deflection takes place in the oil bundle under the effect of eddy current, adjacent oil bundle overlaps, cause local mixer overrich, thereby worsened combustion performance.Therefore, for the combustion system with double plume of band eddy flow, oil sprayer oil bundle angle, oil spout constantly, the size of firing chamber and with the big or small matching relationship of intake swirl be key of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a diesel oil combustion system with double plume that has the air inlet eddy flow is used to improve the air utilization ratio in the whole space range in firing chamber, it is characterized in that: make eddy current in the cylinder on original pair of swirl combustion chamber basis.Wherein two swirl combustion chambers can guarantee fuel impingement arc ridge, form two rightabout air motions, and eddy current can enlarge the area of contact of fuel oil and air on the circumferential direction of firing chamber, and then make the fuel oil in the whole space, firing chamber distribute more evenly, it is more abundant to burn, and improves engine performance.
2. eddy current in the cylinder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, can be produced by multiple structure, as tangential air flue, helical intake, air guide screen.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105927365A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 北京理工大学 | Double-scroll combustion system of opposed-piston engine |
| CN107060988A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-18 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of new combustion chamber for adapting to variable vortex |
| CN114893289A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-12 | 北京理工大学 | Dredging type supercritical combustion system for diesel engine |
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| CN2644689Y (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2004-09-29 | 扬动股份有限公司 | Internal combustion engine piston capable of improving air utilization rate |
| CN101787922A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-28 | 北京理工大学 | Oil injection timing control policy of diesel engine double-swirl combustion system |
| CN101839166A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-09-22 | 北京理工大学 | Lateral-swirl combustion chamber |
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2011
- 2011-05-09 CN CN2011101182554A patent/CN102287260A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1136868A (en) * | 1997-07-23 | 1999-02-09 | Mazda Motor Corp | Structure of combustion chamber of direct injection type diesel engine |
| JP2000274247A (en) * | 1999-03-19 | 2000-10-03 | Toyota Motor Corp | Diesel engine |
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| CN2644689Y (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2004-09-29 | 扬动股份有限公司 | Internal combustion engine piston capable of improving air utilization rate |
| CN101787922A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-28 | 北京理工大学 | Oil injection timing control policy of diesel engine double-swirl combustion system |
| CN101839166A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-09-22 | 北京理工大学 | Lateral-swirl combustion chamber |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105927365A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 北京理工大学 | Double-scroll combustion system of opposed-piston engine |
| CN107060988A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-18 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of new combustion chamber for adapting to variable vortex |
| CN114893289A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-12 | 北京理工大学 | Dredging type supercritical combustion system for diesel engine |
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Application publication date: 20111221 |