CN102286549A - Method for producing acetone and butanol by co-fermenting cellobiose, pentaglucose and hexose - Google Patents
Method for producing acetone and butanol by co-fermenting cellobiose, pentaglucose and hexose Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing acetone and butanol by co-fermenting cellobiose, pentaglucose and hexose, which comprises the following steps: adding water, or supplementally adding pentaglucose and hexose, or supplementally adding starch materials into a hydrolysate, which is obtained by hydrolyzing straw and other lignocellulose materials, according to the total saccharide content in the hydrolysate to regulate the total saccharide content to 30-90g/L; after adding a nitrogen source or phosphorus source, regulating the pH value to 4.5-8.0, and sterilizing the materials by boiling to obtain boiled fermented liquor; cooling the boiled fermented liquor to 42 DEG C or below, inoculating the strain, and fermenting; and filtering the fermentation liquor, distilling, and rectifying to obtain the final products acetone, butanol and ethanol. The invention solves the technical problem in producing acetone and butanol by co-fermenting cellobiose, pentaglucose and hexose in a hydrolysate obtained by hydrolyzing lignocellulose, effectively enhances the conversion rate of saccharides obtained by hydrolyzing lignocellulose, increases the yield of the products acetone and butanol, and can lower the cost for producing acetone and butanol from straw to a large degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of fermentation production of acetone-butanol, be specifically related to a kind of utilization and separate the method that the cellobiose, pentose and the hexose that obtain are total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol with the lignocellulose raw water.
Technical background
Acetone-butanol is a kind of important organic solvent and industrial chemicals, is widely used in spraying paint, industry such as explosive, plastics, pharmacy, plant extracting and synthetic glass, synthetic rubber.Biological butanol is similar to ethanol, is the Aalcohols fuel of biological processing, is liquid fuel of new generation.Main composition in the gasoline is C
6～C
8, so butanols more is similar to " oil " than ethanol, better with fuel dope and Compatibility of Lubricating Oil.Another advantage of butanols is exactly that it can mix with higher concentration and gasoline than ethanol, and need not existing vehicle is retrofited.Though ethanol and butanols all are alcohols, butanols has high energy density, and its calorific value and gasoline are suitable, far above ethanol, compares with traditional fuel, can walk 10% distance more; Compare with ethanol, can walk 30% distance more.Along with the scarcity of petroleum resources, butanols demonstrates the superiority aspect the energy.
The production method of acetone-butanol mainly contains fermentation method and chemical synthetic method at present.Fermentation method is comparatively sophisticated method, large-scale application is just arranged since 20 beginnings of the century.To the sixties, American-European developed country finds acetone, butanols can be synthetic from oil at an easy rate, therefore replaces the first-selection that fermentation method becomes industrial production acetone, butanols gradually.Because petroleum resources are day by day exhausted, International Crude Oil rises steadily, adds increasingly serious ecological environment problem, various countries begin to pay attention to fermentative Production acetone, butanols again but in recent years.
Fermentative Production acetone, butanols mainly use starchy material as raw material, comprise corn, potato class etc., also can use carbohydrate as raw material.Wherein corn is ideal raw material, and it need not add any auxiliary material, as long as be mixed with 5～8% mash, is exactly clostridium acetobutylicum ideal substratum.But corn also is a kind of important food resource simultaneously, if use corn fermentation merely, manufacturing enterprise's raw materials cost is risen, and also can cause problems such as grain resource anxiety.Therefore, the raw material that can instead of corn ferments is all actively looked for seeking by each state.
Lignocellulose-like biomass comprises waste and residuum (as agricultural crop straw, husk, wheat bran, bagasse etc.), forest (cork and hardwood) and forestry processing waste, the careless class etc. of agriculture production, it is the most important regeneration biological resource of the earth, annual ultimate production accounts for 50% of all biomass resources, and this type of material of great majority is not well utilized at present.Therefore, utilize lignocellulose to be main renewable biomass resource, the production renewable energy source has important economy and society meaning.Lignocellulose mainly is made of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen and other component.Its hydrolysis (with acid system or enzyme process, can be generated compositions such as glucose, wood sugar, cellobiose, pectinose, semi-lactosi; Wherein can generate pentose components such as wood sugar, pectinose behind the hydrolysis of hemicellulose, account for 30～40% of hydrolysis carbohydrate, wherein wood sugar accounts for 80% of pentose total amount.Mierocrystalline cellulose can obtain glucose, cellobiose and wood sugar etc. by hydrolysis.
Cellulose hydrolysis is divided into acid hydrolysis and enzymic hydrolysis, but acid hydrolysis technology maturation subsequent disposal is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, the high still cost height of enzymic hydrolysis efficient, and enzymic hydrolysis is environmentally friendly in the long run, is the trend of development.
Cellulase is a mixed enzyme system, comprise endoglucanase (C1), exoglucanase (Cx) and beta-glucan glycosides enzyme, be commonly considered as by endoglucanase (C1 enzyme) the cellulosic noncrystalline domain of attack at first, form the required new free-end of Cx, then by reducing end or the non-reducing end cutting-out cellobiose of Cx enzyme from polysaccharide chain, by beta-glucan glycosides enzyme cellobiose is hydrolyzed into two glucose again, cellulase hydrolysis efficient mainly is subjected to the feedback inhibition of cellobiose in this process, and glucose also has slight restraining effect.Three of most of cellulases kinds of enzymic activitys are not complementary in the market, particularly beta-glucan glycosides enzyme suppresses very big to hydrolysis efficiency in the Trichodermareesei institute cellulase-producing system, a large amount of cellobioses is arranged in the enzyme hydrolyzate, if cellobiose can be utilized by clostridium acetobutylicum, can improve the utilization ratio and the acetone-butanol product yield of hydrolysis sugar greatly, have realistic meaning reducing acetone-butanol products production cost.
Still do not have report at present and be total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol with cellobiose, pentose and hexose.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cellobiose, pentose and hexose method of fermentation production of acetone-butanol altogether of utilizing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
The present invention includes following steps:
1) selects the hydrolyzed solution of lignocellulose raw materials such as stalk for use, according to total sugar contents such as cellobiose, pentose and hexose in the hydrolyzed solution, can add water, or add pentose and hexose, or add starch materials, regulating the total sugar content that contains the monose that adds the hydrolysis of starch energy is 30～90g/L;
2) according to total sugar contents such as cellobiose, pentose and hexoses, add a certain proportion of nitrogenous source or phosphorus source, adding acid or alkali or ammoniacal liquor or lime carbonate or their mixture again, to transfer the ph value be 4.5～8.0, with material cooking sterilize the boiling mash;
3) treat that the boiling mash is cooled to 42 ℃ and the following bacterial classification that connects, fermentation;
4) with filtering fermentation liquor, distillation, rectifying obtains final acetone, butanols, alcohol product.
Described nitrogenous source or phosphorus source are selected from one of following raw material or its mixing: corn steep liquor, wheat bran, rice bran, yeast extract paste, peptone, fish meal, soybean cake powder, yeast powder, soya-bean cake, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, volatile salt, bicarbonate of ammonia, primary ammonium phosphate, Secondary ammonium phosphate and ammonium acetate, count by weight percentage, be 3～50w% of total reducing sugar amount, total reducing sugar comprises cellobiose, pentose and hexose etc.
Described nitrogenous source or phosphorus source also can be the mixtures of above-mentioned substance and Semen Maydis powder, count by weight percentage, the material in nitrogenous source that adds or phosphorus source is 3～60w% of hydrolyzed solution total reducing sugar, and the total sugar content that comprises the sugar that the Semen Maydis powder that adds can hydrolysis is 30～90g/L.
Described nitrogenous source or phosphorus source can be Semen Maydis powder only also, and the total sugar content that comprises the sugar that Semen Maydis powder can hydrolysis is 30～90g/L.
Step 2) adding acid or alkali or ammoniacal liquor or lime carbonate or their mixture in, to transfer the ph value be 4.5～8.0, wherein alkali comprises but does not limit and terminates in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide etc., acid comprises but does not limit the mixing that terminates in to mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid or different mineral acid, or be the mixing of organic acid such as formic acid, acetate, propionic acid and toxilic acid or different organic acids, or mineral acid and organic acid mix.
Described bacterial classification is a clostridium acetobutylicum, includes but not limited to CICC8008, CICC8011, CICC8012, CICC8016, clostridium acetobutylicum (Clostridiumacetobutylicum or Clostridium saccharobutylacetonicum or the Clostridium beijerinkii) ATCC 824 of CICC8017 and the preservation of ATCC institute of U.S. representative microbial DSMZ, ATCC 3625, ATCC 4259, ATCC 8529, ATCC 10132, ATCC 25752, ATCC 27021, ATCC 35702, ATCC 39057, ATCC 39058, ATCC 39236, ATCC 43084, ATCC 51743, ATCC 55025, ATCC824D-5, BAA-117.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1) after lignocellulose raw material such as stalk is hydrolyzed, comprise cellobiose, pentose and hexose, replenish phosphorus, the nitrogen compound of certain content, and suitable technological condition for fermentation is provided, obtained effectively utilizing cellobiose, pentose and the hexose method of fermentation production of acetone-butanol altogether.
2) the invention solves the common fermentation production of acetone-butanol technical problem of cellobiose, pentose and hexose in the lignocellulose hydrolysis posthydrolysis liquid, can provide a new technological line for cellulase hydrolysis: the cellulase hydrolysis target product is not restricted to monose, for endoglucanase (C1), exoglucanase (Cx) with high enzyme work, and the higher enzymic hydrolysis of cellobiose content equally also is fit to acetone butanol fermentation behind the beta-glucan glycosides enzyme enzyme lower cellulase hydrolysis alive.
3) the invention solves the common fermentation production of acetone-butanol technical problem of cellobiose, pentose and hexose in the lignocellulose hydrolysis posthydrolysis liquid, the transformation efficiency of sugar after the hydrolysis of effective raising lignocellulose, improved the acetone-butanol product yield, can reduce the stalk class to a great extent is raw material production acetone-butanol cost.The relative ethanol price of acetone-butanol price wants high at present, supply falls short of demand for product, and butanols is a kind of good liquid fuel, suit measures to local conditions to utilize the fermentation production of acetone-butanol fermentation altogether of lignocellulose hydrolysis fiber disaccharides, pentose and hexose, both can realize utilization of waste material, help environmental protection, also, improve China and have positive meaning in the innovation ability and the research and development strength of biomass liquid fuel preparation field for promoting China's energy structure diversification, ensureing China's liquid fuel safety.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1: cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar are added organic and the inorganic nitrogen phosphorus substance ferments altogether
Sugared content is after the corn stalk hydrolysis: wood sugar 10g/L, glucose sugar 25g/L, cellobiose 16g/L, other sugared 5g/L, total reducing sugar 56g/L.
Substratum 1: press the 1.5% adding ammonium sulfate that 1.5% of total reducing sugar amount adds calcium superphosphate, presses the total reducing sugar amount, add 10M/L Ca (OH)
2Emulsion, transferring PH is 6.0, divides the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, the bottled 150ml of each triangle sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃ in Autoclave;
Substratum 2: press 5% of total reducing sugar amount and add calcium superphosphate, press total reducing sugar amount 5% adding ammonium sulfate, add the 1M/L acetic acid aqueous solution, transferring PH is 4.5, divides the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, and the bottled 150ml of each triangle sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃ in Autoclave;
Substratum 3: press 10% of total reducing sugar amount and add yeast powder, press total reducing sugar amount 4% adding primary ammonium phosphate, add the 1M/L NaOH aqueous solution, transferring PH is 7.5, divides the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, and the bottled 150ml of each triangle sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃ in Autoclave;
Substratum 4: press 3% of total reducing sugar amount and add soya-bean cake, press total reducing sugar amount 47% adding wheat bran, add the 2M/L KOH aqueous solution, transferring PH is 8,, divide the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, the bottled 150ml of each triangle sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃ in Autoclave;
Substratum 5: add fresh water in hydrolyzed solution, the adjusting total sugar content is 30g/l, adds the rice bran of sugar amount 30%, add the 2M/L KOH aqueous solution, transferring PH is 6.5, divides the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, the bottled 150ml of each triangle sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃ in Autoclave
Gone out behind the bacterium, after the substratum taking-up and being cooled to room temperature, ATCC 51743 and CICC8012 bacterial classification have been inserted in the substratum, inoculum size 5%, 30 ℃ fermented 120 hours in the anaerobism incubator.
After fermentation finishes, get the 1ml fermented liquid and place centrifuge tube, with 11000 rev/mins speed centrifugal 7 minutes, with the content of ethanol, acetone and the butanols of gas Chromatographic Determination fermented liquid.Fermentation result such as table 1.The fermentation result shows that clostridium acetobutylicum is grown better in this substratum, ethanol, acetone, butanols and total solvent content are all higher.
Table 1 cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar are added organic and the inorganic nitrogen phosphorus substance ferments altogether
With filtering fermentation liquor, distillation, rectifying obtains final acetone, butanols, alcohol product.
Embodiment 2: add fermentation of corn starch in the corn cob hydrolyzed solution
Survey sugared content after the corn cob hydrolysis, wood sugar 12g/L, glucose sugar 27g/L, cellobiose 11g/L, other sugared 8g/L, total reducing sugar 58g/L, adding 4M/L NaOH solution, to transfer PH be 6.5, adds Semen Maydis powder by hydrolyzed solution Central Plains total reducing sugar ratio 5w%, 20w%, 50w% and 85w%, makes the about 60g/L of total reducing sugar, 65g/L, 77g/L, the 90g/L that contains the hydrolysis of Semen Maydis powder energy in the hydrolyzed solution, 100 ℃ of gelatinizations divide the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, the bottled 150ml of each triangle after 1 hour.In Autoclave, sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃.
Gone out behind the bacterium, after the substratum taking-up and being cooled to room temperature, ATCC 51743 and CICC8012 bacterial classification have been inserted in the substratum, inoculum size is 5%, and 41 ℃ fermented 112 hours in the anaerobism incubator.
After fermentation finishes, get the 1ml fermented liquid and place centrifuge tube, with 11000 rev/mins speed centrifugal 7 minutes, with the content of ethanol, acetone and the butanols of gas Chromatographic Determination fermented liquid.Fermentation result such as table 2.The fermentation result shows that clostridium acetobutylicum is grown better in this substratum, ethanol, acetone, butanols and total solvent content are all higher, and along with the increase of total reducing sugar and Semen Maydis powder content, solvent increases.Therefore add a certain proportion of Semen Maydis powder in hydrolyzed solution in cellobiose, wood sugar and the glucose mixing sugar, cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose can be total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol.
Add Semen Maydis powder in table 2 cellobiose, wood sugar and the glucose mixing sugar
With filtering fermentation liquor, distillation, rectifying obtains final acetone, butanols, alcohol product.
Embodiment 3: add organic additive in cellobiose, wood sugar and the glucose mixing sugar and ferment altogether
In example 2 hydrolyzed solutions, dripping 4M/l KOH aqueous solution accent PH is 6.5,15w%, 20w%, 25w%, 30w% and 50w% by total reducing sugar amount in the hydrolyzed solution add organic agricultural byproducts mixture, comprise wheat bran, rice bran, soybean cake powder and soya-bean cake etc., mixing, divide the triangular flask that installs to 250ml, the bottled 150ml of each triangle.In Autoclave, sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃.
Gone out behind the bacterium, after the substratum taking-up and being cooled to room temperature, ATCC 51743 and CICC8012 bacterial classification have been inserted in the substratum, inoculum size 5%, 42 ℃ fermented 108 hours in the anaerobism incubator.
After fermentation finishes, get the 1ml fermented liquid and place centrifuge tube, with 11000 rev/mins speed centrifugal 7 minutes, with the content of ethanol, acetone and the butanols of gas Chromatographic Determination fermented liquid.Fermentation result such as table 3.The fermentation result shows that clostridium acetobutylicum is grown also better in this substratum, ethanol, acetone, butanols and total solvent content are all higher, and along with the increase of organic additive content, the content of solvent also increases.Therefore add a certain proportion of phosphorus, nitrogen organic additive of being rich in cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar, cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar can be total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol.
Add organic additive in table 3 cellobiose, wood sugar and the glucose mixing sugar
With filtering fermentation liquor, distillation, rectifying obtains final acetone, butanols, alcohol product.
Embodiment 4: cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar are added Semen Maydis powder and organic additive ferments altogether
In example 2 hydrolyzed solutions, it is 8.0 that dropping ammonia is transferred PH, 15w%, 20w%, 30w% and 40w% by total reducing sugar amount in the hydrolyzed solution add organic agricultural byproducts mixture, comprise wheat bran, rice bran, soybean cake powder and soya-bean cake etc., add 20% Semen Maydis powder of total reducing sugar amount in the hydrolyzed solution, contain the about 65g/L of total reducing sugar of Semen Maydis powder energy hydrolysis in the hydrolyzed solution, mixing, install to the triangular flask of 250ml, the bottled 150ml of each triangle sterilized 120 minutes for 121 ℃ in Autoclave;
Gone out behind the bacterium, after the substratum taking-up and being cooled to room temperature, ATCC 51743 and CICC8012 clostridium acetobutylicum bacterial classification have been inserted in the substratum, inoculum size 5%, 35 ℃ fermented 108 hours in the anaerobism incubator.
After fermentation finishes, get the 1ml fermented liquid and place centrifuge tube, with 11000 rev/mins speed centrifugal 7 minutes, with the content of ethanol, acetone and the butanols of gas Chromatographic Determination fermented liquid.Fermentation result such as table 4.The fermentation result shows that clostridium acetobutylicum is grown also better in this substratum, ethanol, acetone, butanols and total solvent content are all higher, and along with the increase of organic additive content, the content of solvent also increases.Therefore add a certain proportion of phosphorus, nitrogen organic additive of being rich in cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar, cellobiose, wood sugar and glucose mixing sugar can be total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol.
Interpolation Semen Maydis powder and organic additive ferment altogether in table 4 cellobiose, wood sugar and the glucose mixing sugar
With filtering fermentation liquor, distillation, rectifying obtains final acetone, butanols, alcohol product.
Claims (7)
1. one kind with cellobiose, pentose and the hexose method of fermentation production of acetone-butanol altogether, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) selects the hydrolyzed solution of lignocellulose raw materials such as stalk for use, according to total sugar contents such as cellobiose, pentose and hexose in the hydrolyzed solution, can add water, or add pentose and hexose, or add starch materials, regulating the total sugar content that contains the monose that adds the hydrolysis of starch energy is 30～90g/L;
2) according to total sugar contents such as cellobiose, pentose and hexoses, add a certain proportion of nitrogenous source or phosphorus source, adding acid or alkali or ammoniacal liquor or lime carbonate or their mixture again, to transfer the ph value be 4.5～8.0, with material cooking sterilize the boiling mash;
3) treat that the boiling mash is cooled to 42 ℃ and the following bacterial classification that connects, fermentation;
4) with filtering fermentation liquor, distillation, rectifying obtains final acetone, butanols, alcohol product.
2. the method that is total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol with cellobiose, pentose and hexose according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hydrolyzed solution of selecting lignocellulose raw materials such as stalk for use, according to sugared content such as cellobiose, pentose and hexose in the hydrolyzed solution, can add water, or add pentose and hexose, or add starch materials, regulating the total sugar content that contains the monose that adds the hydrolysis of starch energy is 30～90g/L.
3. the method that is total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol with cellobiose, pentose and hexose according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nitrogenous source or phosphorus source are selected from one of following raw material or its mixing: corn steep liquor, wheat bran, rice bran, yeast extract paste, peptone, fish meal, soybean cake powder, yeast powder, soya-bean cake, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, volatile salt, bicarbonate of ammonia, primary ammonium phosphate, Secondary ammonium phosphate and ammonium acetate, count by weight percentage, be 3～50w% of total reducing sugar amount, total reducing sugar comprises cellobiose, pentose and hexose etc.
4. the method that is total to fermentation production of acetone-butanol with cellobiose, pentose and hexose according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nitrogenous source or phosphorus source also can be the mixtures of one or more and Semen Maydis powder in the material in described nitrogenous source of claim 3 or phosphorus source, count by weight percentage, the material in nitrogenous source that adds or phosphorus source is 3～60w% of hydrolyzed solution total reducing sugar, and the total sugar content that comprises the sugar that the Semen Maydis powder that adds can hydrolysis is 30～90g/L.
5. according to claim 1 it is characterized in that: described nitrogenous source or phosphorus source only are Semen Maydis powder with cellobiose, pentose and the hexose method of fermentation production of acetone-butanol altogether, and the total sugar content that comprises the sugar that Semen Maydis powder can hydrolysis is 30～90g/L.
6. according to claim 1 with cellobiose, pentose and hexose be the method for fermentation production of acetone-butanol altogether, it is characterized in that: add alkali described step 2), or ammoniacal liquor, or lime carbonate, or their mixture accent ph value is 4.5～8.0, wherein alkali comprises but does not limit and terminates in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide etc., acid comprises but does not limit to terminate in and is sulfuric acid, mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid, or the mixing of different mineral acids, or be formic acid, acetate, the mixing of organic acid such as propionic acid and toxilic acid or different organic acids, or mineral acid and organic acid mixing.
7. the method with the common fermentation production of acetone-butanol of cellobiose, pentose and hexose according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bacterial classification is a clostridium acetobutylicum.
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| US10150974B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2018-12-11 | Green Biologics Limited | Solvent production |
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| CN105647980A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method used for producing butanol via enzymolysis and fermentation of lignocellulose |
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Application publication date: 20111221 |