CN102285177A - Organic anti-fog film - Google Patents

Organic anti-fog film Download PDF

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CN102285177A
CN102285177A CN2011101467084A CN201110146708A CN102285177A CN 102285177 A CN102285177 A CN 102285177A CN 2011101467084 A CN2011101467084 A CN 2011101467084A CN 201110146708 A CN201110146708 A CN 201110146708A CN 102285177 A CN102285177 A CN 102285177A
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organic
layer film
hydrophilic
molecular weight
antifog film
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CN102285177B (en
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乌学东
彭叔森
应立萍
奉若涛
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Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to an organic anti-fog film, which adopts a double-layer film structure with the hydrophobic upper-layer film and the hydrophilic lower-layer film, a lower-layer film coated on the surface of a substrate consists of hydrophilic polymers or polymer molecules containing hydrophilic chain segments, an upper-layer film positioned on the surface of the lower-layer film consists of materials with low surface energy, the upper-layer film and the lower-layer film are combined through one kind of acting force or the combination of several kinds of acting force in Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond force, electrostatic force and covalence chemical bonds. Compared with the prior art, the anti-fog film disclosed by the invention has double effects of fog prevention and dirt prevention, the effect of fog prevention is lasting and effective, and the organic anti-fog film has no special requirements on the substrate, has a wide application scope and can be applied on the surfaces of various substrates such as glass, metal, ceramics and the like.

Description

A kind of organic antifog film
Technical field
The present invention relates to the antifog technical field of matrix surface, particularly a kind of organic antifog film.
Background technology
In the middle of the daily life, various matrixes such as outer window glass, agricultural greenhouse in the glasses, glass for vehicle window, Restroom mirror, building for example, tend to occur tying mist in the place of high-temperature difference or high humility difference and influence the use of life in producing, even can cause the loss of a large amount of manpowers and material resources.For example, when winter, wearing spectacles entered higher temperature indoor by lower temperature outdoor, can produce one deck fog inevitably on the eyeglass, influence is action normally; Equally, glass for vehicle window can produce the window mist in humidity sombre or rainy season, influence driver driving; In addition, agricultural greenhouse tends to tie mist because of water evaporation in the canopy, and the sunlight that influences the canopy implants is taken in, thereby influences the normal growth of plant.
This shows that the phenomenon of matrix surface knot mist can be brought tremendous influence to daily life and production, and the antifog film of research matrix surface is the effective ways that address this problem, having very, important use is worth.
At present, mainly obtain anti-fog performance by two kinds of approach: a kind of hydrophobicity anti-fog method that is based on, another kind is based on the hydrophily anti-fog method.The hydrophobicity anti-fog method is to utilize water droplet bigger in the contact of low-surface-energy surface, can freely roll and leave the surface, thereby reach anti-fog effect, yet super hydrophobic surface obtains difficult thereby develops less.The hydrophily anti-fog method is to utilize water very easily to sprawl to come at water-wetted surface to form transparent moisture film and play anti-fog effect.Particularly, making up the hydrophilic antifogging method has: 1) utilize surfactant method; 2) inorganic sol method; 3) hydrophilic macromolecule method; 4) TiO 2The super-hydrophilic coating method.But the hydrophily anti-fog method all suffers a fatal problem, and promptly water-wetted surface is easily by pollutions such as oil, dusts, and then loses anti-fog function, thereby need spraying once more after using certain hour, brings many inconvenience in actual use, in addition TiO 2Super-hydrophilic coating need be in competence exertion effect under the illumination, thereby uses and restricted by environment.
Therefore, exploitation a kind of be not subjected to environment for use restriction, can antipollution, have long-lasting, novel antifog film is very significant cheaply.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the deficiency at the above-mentioned state of the art, a kind of organic antifog film is provided, and this organic antifog film has anti-fog performance good, grease proofing and contamination by dust, surface light transmitance height, adhesion is strong and the wide advantage of suitable matrix scope.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of being taked: a kind of organic antifog film, adopt " go up and dredge parental type down " double membrane structure, the lower membrane that is coated in matrix surface is to be made of hydrophilic polymer or the polymer molecule that contains hydrophilic segment, the upper layer film that is positioned at the lower membrane surface is that the material by low-surface-energy constitutes, and combines by a kind of active force in Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond force, electrostatic force and the covalent chemical bond or the combination of several active forces between upper layer film and the lower membrane.
Described upper layer film is to be made of fluorine material or organosilicon material.Described fluorine material is meant some or all of the replacement by fluorine atom of the hydrogen atom in organic molecule or the polymer and the material that forms, and described organosilicon material is meant and contains R 1R 2R 3SiO 1/2, R 1R 2SiO or R 1SiO 3/2The material of segment, wherein R 1, R 2, R 3Be respectively C 6H 5-, C nH 2n+1, C mF 2m+1Perhaps C mF 2m+1(CH 2) n-, n is 0 to 20 integer, m is 1 to 20 integer.
Described fluorine material is meant and contains C nF 2n+1, CF 3-(CF 2CF 2-CH 2CH 2) n-, CF 3-(CF 2CH 2) n-, CF 3-(C 2F 3C1) n-, CF 3-(CF 2CF 2-CF 2CF (CF 3)) n-, CF 3-(CF 2CF (CF 3)) n, CF 3-(CF 2) n(CH 2) m-or
Figure BDA0000065654930000021
The organic molecule of unit or polymer, n wherein, m is the integer between 0 to 10000, the integer between preferred 1 to 100.
Described hydrophilic polymer has a kind of, two or more compositions or its polymer-modified formation in the polymer of better hydrophilicity including but not limited to polytetramethylene ether diol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polymethylacrylic acid, polyacrylamide and polyvinylpyrrolidone etc.For the worker of this area, hydrophilic polymer and in hydrophilic polymer, add other polymer or hydrophilic polymer is carried out modification, to improve hydrophilic polymer film forming character or adhesive property all is well-known, and these change the scope that does not exceed lower floor of the present invention hydrophilic membrane.
In order to improve the solvent resistance of coating, the molecular weight of preferred above-mentioned polytetramethylene ether diol is 600~50000, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 200~60000, the molecular weight of polypropylene glycol is 400~25000, the molecular weight of polyvinyl alcohol is 1000~250000, polyacrylic molecular weight is 1000~50000, and the molecular weight of polymethylacrylic acid is 1000~50000, the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 300~10000, the molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1000~700000.
Mentality of designing of the present invention is: organic antifog film is made up of last hydrophobic, following hydrophilic double membrane structure, can play antifog and antifouling double effects simultaneously.The specific implementation of this mentality of designing is: lower floor's hydrophilic membrane is to be made of hydrophilic polymer or the polymer that contains hydrophilic segment, can improve water at this surperficial active force, reduce the surface contact angle of water, reach the surface wettability that improves water, thereby effectively anti-sealing forms droplet on this surface, keep this surperficial light transmission performance, play antifouling fog effect; On this basis, increase the upper layer film with hydrophobic effect, this layer is made of the material of low-surface-energy, can prevent oil, contamination by dust surface effectively, keeps cleaning surfaces, makes that whole antifog film anti-fog performance is lasting for a long time.
Therefore, organic antifog film mentality of designing of the present invention is very ingenious, to those skilled in the art, hydrophily and hydrophobicity are the technology of knowing, the effect of these two technology is opposite each other, therefore those skilled in the art often thinks that hydrophilic antifogging, hydrophobic antifouling two technology can only realize separately, and the inventor just is being based on the experience of long-term research practice and thinking and is producing inspiration, has overcome this technology prejudice and has finished the present invention.
When the matrix that applies the organic antifog film of the present invention is in the environment of easy knot mist, steam can condense at hydrophobic layer, yet because strong interaction between water and hydrophilic layer, water droplet can be crossed hydrophobic layer by rapid permeability, and sprawl at hydrophilic layer and to come, thereby play anti-fog effect; And pollutants such as oil, dust can't penetrate hydrophobic layer, and promptly anti-fouling effect can stop the pollution of pollutant to hydrophilic tunic, and then prevents that the function of antifog film is destroyed, and guarantee that the hydrophilic antifogging film is effective lastingly.Be that antifog film involved in the present invention has overcome traditional hydrophily antifog film and subjects to a stained difficult problem.
Compared with prior art, the anti-fog performance of organic antifog film at first of the present invention is splendid, owing to have the double-decker design, reach antifog and antifouling double effects, thereby anti-fog effect is effective lastingly; Secondly, this organic antifog film does not have specific (special) requirements to matrix, and for example the matrix with glass or other macromolecular materials formation all has adhesive force preferably, and wear-resisting and waterproof, thereby applied widely, can reach lasting weather-proof anti-fog performance; In addition, this organic antifog film has the simple and eco-friendly characteristics of production technology.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of organic antifog film of present embodiment adopts " go up and dredge parental type down " double-deck molecular structure design, the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that will contain hydrophilic polymer is spin-coated on waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic layer, then carbon tetrafluoride gas is handled by low-temperature plasma and be combined in hydrophilic layer surface formation hydrophobic layer, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: preparation hydrophilic coating combination liquid:
(1) 5 kilograms of acryloyl chlorides and 45 kilograms of cetomacrogol 1000s are added in the reactor, under 90 ℃ of temperature, 2 hours acrylic acid synthesizing lists of esterification macrogol ester under the protection of polymerization inhibitor, be cooled to room temperature then, decompression distillation desolventizes, and the separation unreacted monomer, obtain hydrophilic acrylic resin's monomer;
(2) be 50 ℃ in temperature, under the effect of catalyst, acrylic acid list macrogol ester synthetic in (1) utilized the solution polymerization process polymerization 10 hours, synthetic high polymer amount hydrophilic acrylic resin;
(3) (2) are synthetic hydrophilic acrylic resin and 1 kilogram of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) are well dispersed in 49 kilograms of ethyl acetate solvents, stir, and obtain hydrophilic coating combination liquid;
Step 2: the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that step 1 preparation is obtained evenly is coated on the method for spin coating and waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic coating;
Step 3: after treating the hydrophilic coating completion of cure, be placed in the low-temperature plasma processing instrument, feed carbon tetrafluoride gas, maintenance vacuum is 20Pa, handles the fluorine-containing monolayer of one deck on the hydrophilic coating surface, and the processing time is 8 minutes.
Organic antifog film of the matrix surface that above-mentioned preparation method obtains has splendid anti-fog performance, when water droplet drops on this antifog film, can rapid diffusion under the hydrophobic layer effect of upper strata, and then be penetrated into lower floor's hydrophilic layer, reduce the knot mist, water droplet contact angle on this antifog film can be sprawled rapidly because of water droplet only less than 30 °, greatly avoids the surface light transmitance to reduce; And grease such as hexadecane contact angle on this antifogging surface promptly should also have certain antifouling effect in the surface greater than 60 °; And this organic antifog film all has adhesive force preferably to matrix is not had specific (special) requirements with general matrix such as glass or other macromolecular materials formation, and wear-resisting and waterproof, can reach lasting weather-proof anti-fog performance; In addition, it is simple that this organic antifog film has production technology, and eco-friendly characteristics.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of organic antifog film of present embodiment adopts " go up and dredge parental type down " double-deck molecular structure design, the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that will contain hydrophilic polymer is spin-coated on waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic layer, then at these hydrophilic layer surface spin coating one deck ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silane solution, combine with the hydrophilic layer molecule by covalent bond, form stable hydrophobic layer, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, preparation hydrophilic coating combination liquid:
45 kilograms of Macrogol 200s and toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) are dispersed in the acetone solvent, stir, add 5 kilograms of ethyl orthosilicates then, obtain hydrophilic coating combination liquid after stirring;
Step 2: the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that step 1 preparation is obtained evenly is coated on the method for spin coating and waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic coating, and is heating and curing;
Step 3: after treating the hydrophilic coating completion of cure,, combine with lower floor hydrophilic layer molecule, form and stablize upper strata oleophobic layer by covalent bond at surperficial spin coating one deck ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silane solution.
Organic antifog film of the matrix surface that above-mentioned preparation method obtains has splendid anti-fog performance, when water droplet drops on this antifog film, can rapid diffusion under the hydrophobic layer effect of upper strata, and then be penetrated into lower floor's hydrophilic layer, reduce the knot mist, water droplet contact angle on this antifog film can be sprawled rapidly because of water droplet only less than 20 °, greatly avoids the surface light transmitance to reduce; And grease such as hexadecane contact angle on this antifogging surface promptly should also have certain antifouling effect in the surface greater than 75 °; And this organic antifog film all has adhesive force preferably to matrix is not had specific (special) requirements with general matrix such as glass or other macromolecular materials formation, and wear-resisting and waterproof, can reach lasting weather-proof anti-fog performance; In addition, it is simple that this organic antifog film has production technology, and eco-friendly characteristics
Embodiment 3:
A kind of organic antifog film of present embodiment adopts " go up and dredge parental type down " double-deck molecular structure design, the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that will contain hydrophilic polymer is spin-coated on waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic layer, then at these hydrophilic layer surface spin coating one deck ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silane solution, combine with the hydrophilic layer molecule by covalent bond, form stable hydrophobic layer, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: preparation hydrophilic coating combination liquid:
(1) 6 kilograms of methacrylic chlorides and 42 kilograms of polytetramethylene ether diols 1000 are added in the reactor, under 80 ℃ of temperature, 4 hours single polytetramethylene ether diol esters of synthesize methyl acrylic acid of esterification under the protection of polymerization inhibitor, be cooled to room temperature then, decompression distillation desolventizes, and the separation unreacted monomer, obtain hydrophily methacrylic resin monomer;
(2) be 120 ℃ in temperature, under the action of evocating, methacrylic acid list macrogol ester synthetic in (1) utilized the solution polymerization process polymerization 8 hours, synthetic high polymer amount hydrophilic acrylic resin;
(3) (2) are synthetic hydrophilic acrylic resin and 2 kilograms of IPDIs are well dispersed in 50 kilograms of butyl acetate solvents, stir, and obtain hydrophilic coating combination liquid;
Step 2: the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that step 1 preparation is obtained evenly is coated on and waits to be coated with the thing surface and form hydrophilic coating with being stained with the method that is coated with;
Step 3: after treating the hydrophilic coating completion of cure, be placed in the low-temperature plasma processing instrument, bubbling air gas, maintenance vacuum is 25Pa, hydrophilic coating surface enrichment great amount of hydroxy group after treatment, the processing time is 5 minutes.
Step 4: the mode of utilizing spin coating on the water-wetted surface of plasma treatment in step 3 preparation evenly applies one deck ten trifluoro octyl group trimethoxy silane solution, puts into baking oven and dries under 50 ° of temperature.
Organic antifog film of the matrix surface that above-mentioned preparation method obtains has splendid anti-fog performance, when water droplet drops on this antifog film, can rapid diffusion under the hydrophobic layer effect of upper strata, and then be penetrated into lower floor's hydrophilic layer, reduce the knot mist, water droplet contact angle on this antifog film can be sprawled rapidly because of water droplet only less than 25 °, greatly avoids the surface light transmitance to reduce; And grease such as hexadecane contact angle on this antifogging surface promptly should also have certain antifouling effect in the surface greater than 70 °; And this organic antifog film all has adhesive force preferably to matrix is not had specific (special) requirements with general matrix such as glass or other macromolecular materials formation, and wear-resisting and waterproof, can reach lasting weather-proof anti-fog performance; In addition, it is simple that this organic antifog film has production technology, and eco-friendly characteristics.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of organic antifog film of present embodiment adopts " go up and dredge parental type down " double-deck molecular structure design, the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that will contain hydrophilic polymer is spin-coated on waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic layer, then at this hydrophilic layer surface spin coating one deck perfluor quaternary cationics solution, combine with lower floor hydrophilic layer molecule by covalent bond, form stable upper strata hydrophobic layer, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: preparation hydrophilic coating combination liquid:
45 kg polypropylene acid fully are dissolved in the acetone solvent, stir, add 5 kilograms of positive silicic acid second then
Ester obtains hydrophilic coating combination liquid;
Step 2: the hydrophilic coating combination liquid that step 1 preparation is obtained evenly is coated on the method for spin coating and waits to be coated with thing surface formation hydrophilic coating, and is heating and curing;
Step 3: after treating the hydrophilic coating completion of cure,, combine with lower floor hydrophilic layer molecule, form stable upper strata hydrophobic layer by the electrostatic force bonding at surperficial spin coating one deck perfluor quaternary cationics solution.
Organic antifog film of the matrix surface that above-mentioned preparation method obtains has splendid anti-fog performance, when water droplet drops on this antifog film, can rapid diffusion under the hydrophobic layer effect of upper strata, and then be penetrated into lower floor's hydrophilic layer, reduce the knot mist, water droplet contact angle on this antifog film can be sprawled rapidly because of water droplet only less than 30 °, greatly avoids the surface light transmitance to reduce; And grease such as hexadecane contact angle on this antifogging surface promptly should also have certain antifouling effect in the surface greater than 65 °; And this organic antifog film all has adhesive force preferably to matrix is not had specific (special) requirements with general matrix such as glass or other macromolecular materials formation, and wear-resisting and waterproof, can reach lasting weather-proof anti-fog performance; In addition, it is simple that this organic antifog film has production technology, and eco-friendly characteristics

Claims (6)

1. organic antifog film, it is characterized in that: described organic antifog film is made up of two membranes up and down, the lower membrane that is coated in matrix surface is to be made of hydrophilic polymer or the polymer molecule that contains hydrophilic segment, the upper layer film that is positioned at the lower membrane surface is that the material by low-surface-energy constitutes, and combines by a kind of active force in Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond force, electrostatic force and the covalent chemical bond or the combination of several active forces between upper layer film and the lower membrane.
2. organic antifog film according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described upper layer film is to be made of fluorine material or organosilicon material; Described fluorine material is meant that the hydrogen atom in organic molecule or the polymer is some or all of by the material that fluorine atom replaced, and described organosilicon material is meant and contains R 1R 2R 3SiO 1/2, R 1R 2SiO or R 1SiO 3/2The material of segment, wherein R 1, R 2, R 3Be respectively C 6H 5-, C nH 2n+1, C mF 2m+1Perhaps C mF 2m+1(CH 2) n-, n is 0 to 20 integer, m is 1 to 20 integer.
3. organic antifog film according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described fluorine material is meant and contains C nF 2n+1, CF 3-(CF 2CF 2-CH 2CH 2) n-, CF 3-(CF 2CH 2) n-, CF 3-(C 2F 3Cl) n-, CF 3-(CF 2CF 2-CF 2CF (CF 3)) n-, CF 3-(CF 2CF (CF 3)) n, CF 3-(CF 2) n(CH 2) m-or
Figure FDA0000065654920000011
The organic molecule of unit or polymer, n wherein, m is the integer between 0 to 10000.
4. organic antifog film according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described n, m are the integers between 1 to 100.
5. according to the described organic antifog film of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described hydrophilic polymer is that a kind of, two or more composition in polytetramethylene ether diol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polymethylacrylic acid, polyacrylamide and the polyvinylpyrrolidone or its are polymer-modified.
6. organic antifog film according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the molecular weight of described polytetramethylene ether diol is 600~50000, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 200~60000, the molecular weight of polypropylene glycol is 400~25000, the molecular weight of polyvinyl alcohol is 1000~250000, polyacrylic molecular weight is 1000~50000, and the molecular weight of polymethylacrylic acid is 1000~50000, the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 300~10000, the molecular weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 1000~700000.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103818082A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-05-28 保定宝理塑研包装有限公司 Coating type multifunctional long-lasting mirror surface sunlight greenhouse membrane and production method thereof
CN106976291A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-07-25 嘉兴市南湖花卉园艺工程有限公司 A kind of awning film and preparation method thereof
CN111330824A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-06-26 佛山市思博睿科技有限公司 Organic plate surface plasma super-hydrophilic nano anti-fog treatment method and application
CN113787799A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-14 富维薄膜(山东)有限公司 Novel water mist-proof film and preparation method thereof

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CN101065456A (en) * 2004-12-17 2007-10-31 中央硝子株式会社 Antifog article, method for producing same, and coating material for forming antifog coating film
CN101296875A (en) * 2005-11-01 2008-10-29 旭硝子株式会社 Antifogging article and antifogging agent composition
JP2009082641A (en) * 2007-10-03 2009-04-23 Yamamoto Kogaku Co Ltd Double lens
CN101709194A (en) * 2009-11-27 2010-05-19 上海理工大学 Antifog spray coating material and applications thereof

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CN101065456A (en) * 2004-12-17 2007-10-31 中央硝子株式会社 Antifog article, method for producing same, and coating material for forming antifog coating film
CN1687199A (en) * 2005-04-19 2005-10-26 华东理工大学 Exterior coating antifogging film and preparation method
CN101296875A (en) * 2005-11-01 2008-10-29 旭硝子株式会社 Antifogging article and antifogging agent composition
JP2009082641A (en) * 2007-10-03 2009-04-23 Yamamoto Kogaku Co Ltd Double lens
CN101709194A (en) * 2009-11-27 2010-05-19 上海理工大学 Antifog spray coating material and applications thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103818082A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-05-28 保定宝理塑研包装有限公司 Coating type multifunctional long-lasting mirror surface sunlight greenhouse membrane and production method thereof
CN106976291A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-07-25 嘉兴市南湖花卉园艺工程有限公司 A kind of awning film and preparation method thereof
CN111330824A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-06-26 佛山市思博睿科技有限公司 Organic plate surface plasma super-hydrophilic nano anti-fog treatment method and application
CN113787799A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-14 富维薄膜(山东)有限公司 Novel water mist-proof film and preparation method thereof

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