CN102284700A - Method and device for preparing continuous gradient functional material - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing continuous gradient functional material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102284700A CN102284700A CN2011102107936A CN201110210793A CN102284700A CN 102284700 A CN102284700 A CN 102284700A CN 2011102107936 A CN2011102107936 A CN 2011102107936A CN 201110210793 A CN201110210793 A CN 201110210793A CN 102284700 A CN102284700 A CN 102284700A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for preparing a continuous gradient functional material. The device comprises a special charging system, a hybrid sedimentation device and a die, wherein the hybrid sedimentation device is arranged below a blanking plate of the special charging system; the die is hermetically connected with the bottom of the hybrid sedimentation device; the special charging system comprises a charging bin, one or more detachable partition boards, a charging push plate and a charging push rod; the charging bin is connected with the blanking plate; the one or more detachable partition boards are arranged in the charging bin and used for controlling the adding ratio of materials; the charging push plate is arranged on the left side of a right side plate of the charging bin and used for pushing the materials; the charging push rod passes through the right side plate of the charging bin to be connected with the charging push plate and is used for controlling the charging speed; the hybrid sedimentation device consists of a barrel body, a screen and a stirrer; the screen is fixedly arranged in the barrel body and used for sieving the materials; and the stirrer is arranged above the screen. The invention also provides a method for preparing the continuous gradient functional material by using the device. The continuous gradient functional material prepared by the device and the method does not have an obvious interface or lamination, and has excellent gradient uniformity and continuity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of function materials, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method and device of continuous gradient functional material.
Background technology
Function-graded material (functionally graded materials, be called for short FGM), by Japanese Xinye just at first proposing in 1986 with scholar such as the quick hero of horizontal well, it is meant that a class forms structure and performance at material thickness or length direction is continuous or the heterogeneous body composite of quasi-continuous variation, single or combination property such as its component (can be metal, pottery, fiber, polymer etc.), structure, physical parameter and physics, chemistry, biology all is continuous variation, to adapt to varying environment, be the new material of realizing certain specific function.Function-graded material is owing to itself have the excellent performance and the material design philosophy of the novelty that it embodied, once proposition, cause countries in the world material science worker's great attention immediately and it is launched research, up to now, some basic research methods and prepare the function-graded material of many systems have been explored.For example, have the premium properties of metal Ti, have Al again
2O
3The Ti/Al of good heat-resisting, heat insulation, the high-strength and high-temperature oxidation resistance of pottery
2O
3Function-graded material.Because the continuous variation of inter-level, eliminated the macroscopic interface in the material, integral material shows good thermal stress relaxation properties, make it under severe rugged environment conditions such as superhigh temperature, the big temperature difference, the impact of high speed hot-fluid, to use, be expected to be used as fuselage, combustion chamber inwall of space shuttle of new generation etc., and provide the superhigh temperature heat proof material for turbogenerator, high-efficiency gas turbine etc.
The main target of function-graded material preparation research is by suitable means, realizes that FGM composition, microstructure can distribute by design, thereby realizes the design performance of FGM.Main preparation methods has powder metallurgic method (PM), self propagating high temperature synthetic method (SHS), plasma spraying method, laser cladding, electrodeposition process, physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) etc.Above diverse ways all has characteristics separately, also has simultaneously that different shortcomings is little, simple in structure as the volume of the function-graded material sample of preparation, the gradient continuity is not strong, and practical value is not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of simple in structure, the device of the preparation continuous gradient functional material that development cost is low, easy and simple to handle.Adopt the continuous gradient functional material of device preparation of the present invention not have sharp interface or layering, have good gradient uniformity and continuity.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material, it is characterized in that, comprise special-purpose charging system, be arranged at the mixed deposit device of blanking plate below of special-purpose charging system and the mould that is tightly connected with the mixed deposit bottom of device; Described special-purpose charging system comprises the feed bin that adds that is connected with blanking plate, be arranged at the one or more detachable dividing plate that is used to control the material additional proportion that adds in the feed bin, with be arranged at the reinforced push pedal that is used to promote material that adds feed bin right plate left side, and passing the reinforced push rod that is used to control charging rate that adds the feed bin right plate and be connected with reinforced push pedal, described left plate and the top panel that adds feed bin is all detachable; Described mixed deposit device by cylindrical shell, be fixedly installed in the agitator that being used in the cylindrical shell sieve the screen cloth of material and be arranged at screen cloth top and form.
Above-mentioned a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material is tightly connected by seal washer between described mixed deposit device and the mould.
Above-mentioned a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material, described screen cloth is 80 eye mesh screens.
Above-mentioned a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material, described agitator is supported on the cylindrical shell by cramp bar.
Above-mentioned a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material, the below of described mould is provided with the liquidceiver that is used to collect spillage.
Above-mentioned a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material, described mixed deposit device is provided with Drainage pipe, and Drainage pipe is provided with valve.
The present invention also provides and has adopted said apparatus to prepare the method for continuous gradient functional material, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
The stir speed (S.S.) of agitator described in the above-mentioned steps three is 50 rev/mins～100 rev/mins.
The driving velocity of reinforced push rod is 1mm/min～5mm/min described in the above-mentioned steps three.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, apparatus structure of the present invention is simple, and development cost is low, easy and simple to handle, and designing mould is to satisfy the preparation of continuous gradient functional material of difformity or size as required.
2, the present invention adopts special-purpose charging system, can require the distribution of design material according to the gradient of continuous gradient functional material, and by controlling the driving velocity adjusting material deposition velocity of reinforced push rod, thereby regulate the distribution gradient of material, also can be by the variation of reinforced chamber structure and detachable dividing plate quantity, realize the gradient uniformity and the continuity of three kinds or multiple material.
3, method of the present invention is easy, is easy to realize, adopts the continuous gradient functional material of apparatus and method preparation of the present invention not have sharp interface or layering, has good gradient uniformity and continuity.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first kind of embodiment of the special-purpose charging system of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of second kind of embodiment of the special-purpose charging system of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of special-purpose the third embodiment of charging system of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of embodiment of the special-purpose charging system of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the macroscopic cross section figure of the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material of the embodiment of the invention 5 preparations.
Fig. 9 is the macroscopic cross section figure of the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material of the conventional layering die pressing preparation of employing.
Description of reference numerals
The special-purpose charging system of 1-; The 1-1-blanking plate; 1-2-adds feed bin;
The detachable dividing plate of 1-3-; The 1-4-push pedal of feeding in raw material; The 1-5-push rod that feeds in raw material;
2-mixed deposit device; The 2-1-cylindrical shell; The 2-2-screen cloth;
The 2-3-agitator; The 2-4-cramp bar; The 3-mould;
The 4-seal washer; The 5-liquidceiver; The 6-discharging tube.
The specific embodiment
The device of preparation continuous gradient functional material of the present invention is described by embodiment 1 to embodiment 4:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material shown in Figure 4 comprise special-purpose charging system 1, be arranged at the mixed deposit device 2 of blanking plate 1-1 below of special-purpose charging system 1 and the mould 3 that communicates and be tightly connected with mixed deposit device 2 bottoms; Described special-purpose charging system 1 comprise be connected with blanking plate 1-1 add feed bin 1-2, be arranged at a detachable dividing plate 1-3 who is used to control the material additional proportion who adds in the feed bin 1-2, with be arranged at the reinforced push pedal 1-4 that is used to promote material that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate left side, and passing the reinforced push rod 1-5 that is used to control charging rate that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate and be connected with reinforced push pedal 1-4, described left plate and the top panel that adds feed bin 1-2 is all detachable; Described mixed deposit device 2 by cylindrical shell 2-1, be fixedly installed in the agitator 2-3 that being used in the cylindrical shell 2-1 sieve the screen cloth 2-2 of material and be arranged at screen cloth 2-2 top and form.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, be tightly connected by seal washer 4 between device 2 of mixed deposit described in the present embodiment and the mould 3, described screen cloth 2-2 is 80 eye mesh screens, and described agitator 2-3 is supported on the cylindrical shell 2-1 by cramp bar 2-4, and the below of described mould 3 is provided with the liquidceiver 5 that is used to collect spillage, described mixed deposit device 2 is provided with Drainage pipe 6, and Drainage pipe 6 is provided with valve.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material shown in Figure 5 comprise special-purpose charging system 1, be arranged at the mixed deposit device 2 of blanking plate 1-1 below of special-purpose charging system 1 and the mould 3 that communicates and be tightly connected with mixed deposit device 2 bottoms; Described special-purpose charging system 1 comprise be connected with blanking plate 1-1 add feed bin 1-2, be arranged at two the detachable dividing plate 1-3 that are used to control the material additional proportion that add in the feed bin 1-2, with be arranged at the reinforced push pedal 1-4 that is used to promote material that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate left side, and passing the reinforced push rod 1-5 that is used to control charging rate that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate and be connected with reinforced push pedal 1-4, described left plate and the top panel that adds feed bin 1-2 is all detachable; Described mixed deposit device 2 by cylindrical shell 2-1, be fixedly installed in the agitator 2-3 that being used in the cylindrical shell 2-1 sieve the screen cloth 2-2 of material and be arranged at screen cloth 2-2 top and form.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, be tightly connected by seal washer 4 between device 2 of mixed deposit described in the present embodiment and the mould 3, described screen cloth 2-2 is 80 eye mesh screens, and described agitator 2-3 is supported on the cylindrical shell 2-1 by cramp bar 2-4, and the below of described mould 3 is provided with the liquidceiver 5 that is used to collect spillage, described mixed deposit device 2 is provided with Drainage pipe 6, and Drainage pipe 6 is provided with valve.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material shown in Figure 6 comprise special-purpose charging system 1, be arranged at the mixed deposit device 2 of blanking plate 1-1 below of special-purpose charging system 1 and the mould 3 that communicates and be tightly connected with mixed deposit device 2 bottoms; Described special-purpose charging system 1 comprise be connected with blanking plate 1-1 add feed bin 1-2, be arranged at three the detachable dividing plate 1-3 that are used to control the material additional proportion that add in the feed bin 1-2, with be arranged at the reinforced push pedal 1-4 that is used to promote material that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate left side, and passing the reinforced push rod 1-5 that is used to control charging rate that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate and be connected with reinforced push pedal 1-4, described left plate and the top panel that adds feed bin 1-2 is all detachable; Described mixed deposit device 2 by cylindrical shell 2-1, be fixedly installed in the agitator 2-3 that being used in the cylindrical shell 2-1 sieve the screen cloth 2-2 of material and be arranged at screen cloth 2-2 top and form.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 6, be tightly connected by seal washer 4 between device 2 of mixed deposit described in the present embodiment and the mould 3, described screen cloth 2-2 is 80 eye mesh screens, and described agitator 2-3 is supported on the cylindrical shell 2-1 by cramp bar 2-4, and the below of described mould 3 is provided with the liquidceiver 5 that is used to collect spillage, described mixed deposit device 2 is provided with Drainage pipe 6, and Drainage pipe 6 is provided with valve.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material shown in Figure 7 comprise special-purpose charging system 1, be arranged at the mixed deposit device 2 of blanking plate 1-1 below of special-purpose charging system 1 and the mould 3 that communicates and be tightly connected with mixed deposit device 2 bottoms; Described special-purpose charging system 1 comprise be connected with blanking plate 1-1 add feed bin 1-2, be arranged at four the detachable dividing plate 1-3 that are used to control the material additional proportion that add in the feed bin 1-2, with be arranged at the reinforced push pedal 1-4 that is used to promote material that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate left side, and passing the reinforced push rod 1-5 that is used to control charging rate that adds feed bin 1-2 right plate and be connected with reinforced push pedal 1-4, described left plate and the top panel that adds feed bin 1-2 is all detachable; Described mixed deposit device 2 by cylindrical shell 2-1, be fixedly installed in the agitator 2-3 that being used in the cylindrical shell 2-1 sieve the screen cloth 2-2 of material and be arranged at screen cloth 2-2 top and form.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 7, be tightly connected by seal washer 4 between device 2 of mixed deposit described in the present embodiment and the mould 3, described screen cloth 2-2 is 80 eye mesh screens, and described agitator 2-3 is supported on the cylindrical shell 2-1 by cramp bar 2-4, and the below of described mould 3 is provided with the liquidceiver 5 that is used to collect spillage, described mixed deposit device 2 is provided with Drainage pipe 6, and Drainage pipe 6 is provided with valve.
The preparation method of continuous gradient functional material of the present invention is described by embodiment 5 to embodiment 8:
Adopt the device of embodiment 1 to carry out the preparation of Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material according to following steps:
Fig. 8 is the macroscopic cross section figure of the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material of present embodiment preparation, Fig. 9 is the macroscopic cross section figure that adopts the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material of conventional layering die pressing preparation, can know that from figure the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material of finding out the present embodiment preparation does not have sharp interface or layering, transition gradually from Mo to Cu has uniformity and continuity; And tangible line of demarcation is arranged, poor continuity with the Mo/Cu function-graded material of conventional layering die pressing preparation.
Adopt energy-spectrum scanning that different parts (getting five positions) on the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material thickness direction of present embodiment preparation is done energy spectrum analysis, obtain quality percentage composition and the atomic percentage conc of different parts Mo and Cu, result such as following table:
The graded of the Mo/Cu function-graded material of table 1 embodiment 5 preparations
As can be seen from Table 1, the Cu constituent content is ascending from top to bottom gradually changes, and gradually changes and the Mo constituent content is descending, and this has proved absolutely that the Mo/Cu continuous gradient functional material of present embodiment preparation has the uniformity and the continuity of gradient.
Present embodiment adopts special-purpose charging system, can require the distribution of design material according to the gradient of continuous gradient functional material, and by controlling the driving velocity adjusting material deposition velocity of reinforced push rod, thereby regulate the distribution gradient of material, the continuous gradient functional material of preparation does not have sharp interface or layering, has good gradient uniformity and continuity.
Adopt the device of embodiment 2 to carry out the preparation of SiC/C/TiC continuous gradient functional material according to following steps:
Present embodiment adopts special-purpose charging system, can require the distribution of design material according to the gradient of continuous gradient functional material, and by controlling the driving velocity adjusting material deposition velocity of reinforced push rod, thereby regulate the distribution gradient of material, the continuous gradient functional material of preparation does not have sharp interface or layering, has good gradient uniformity and continuity.
Adopt the device of embodiment 1 to carry out the preparation of Ti/TiC continuous gradient functional material according to following steps:
Present embodiment adopts special-purpose charging system, can require the distribution of design material according to the gradient of continuous gradient functional material, and by controlling the driving velocity adjusting material deposition velocity of reinforced push rod, thereby regulate the distribution gradient of material, the continuous gradient functional material of preparation does not have sharp interface or layering, has good gradient uniformity and continuity.
Embodiment 8
Adopt the device of embodiment 2 to carry out the preparation of W/Mo/Ti continuous gradient functional material according to following steps:
Present embodiment adopts special-purpose charging system, can require the distribution of design material according to the gradient of continuous gradient functional material, and by controlling the driving velocity adjusting material deposition velocity of reinforced push rod, thereby regulate the distribution gradient of material, the continuous gradient functional material of preparation does not have sharp interface or layering, has good gradient uniformity and continuity.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is done any restriction, everyly any simple modification that above embodiment did, change and equivalent structure changed, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to the invention technical spirit.
Claims (9)
1. device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material, it is characterized in that, comprise special-purpose charging system (1), be arranged at the mixed deposit device (2) of blanking plate (1-1) below of special-purpose charging system (1) and the mould (3) that communicates and be tightly connected with mixed deposit device (2) bottom; Described special-purpose charging system (1) comprise be connected with blanking plate (1-1) add feed bin (1-2), be arranged at the one or more detachable dividing plate (1-3) that is used to control the material additional proportion that adds in the feed bin (1-2), with be arranged at the reinforced push pedal (1-4) that is used to promote material that adds feed bin (1-2) right plate left side, and passing the reinforced push rod (1-5) that is used to control charging rate that adds feed bin (1-2) right plate and be connected with reinforced push pedal (1-4), described left plate and the top panel that adds feed bin (1-2) is all detachable; Described mixed deposit device (2) is made up of cylindrical shell (2-1), the agitator (2-3) that is fixedly installed in the screen cloth that is used to sieve material (2-2) in the cylindrical shell (2-1) and is arranged at screen cloth (2-2) top.
2. a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is tightly connected by seal washer (4) between described mixed deposit device (2) and the mould (3).
3. a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described screen cloth (2-2) is 80 eye mesh screens.
4. a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described agitator (2-3) is supported on the cylindrical shell (2-1) by cramp bar (2-4).
5. a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the below of described mould (3) is provided with the liquidceiver (5) that is used to collect spillage.
6. a kind of device for preparing the continuous gradient functional material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described mixed deposit device (2) is provided with Drainage pipe (6), and Drainage pipe (6) is provided with valve.
7. the method for preparing the continuous gradient functional material is installed in an employing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, open the top panel that adds feed bin (1-2), design gradient according to the continuous gradient functional material, by proportioning even smooth the packing into of powder material added in the feed bin (1-2), adopt detachable dividing plate (1-3) that different material is separated in the charging process, treat to take out detachable dividing plate (1-3) after material has all been adorned, cover the top panel that adds feed bin (1-2);
Step 2, mixed deposit device (2) is placed mould (3) top, and mixed deposit device (2) and mould (3) are tightly connected, add ethanol solution from mixed deposit device (2) top;
Step 3, startup agitator (2-3), the left plate that adds feed bin (2) in the step 1 of dismantling after the charging, promote reinforced push rod (1-5), the material that promotes to add in the feed bin (1-2) by reinforced push pedal (1-4) enters in the mixed deposit device (2), at ambient temperature material is mixed, material after mixing finally is deposited in the mould (3) by the screening of screen cloth (2-2);
Step 4, treat that material all is deposited in the mould (3), open the Drainage pipe (6) on the mixed deposit device (2), solution in the mixed deposit device (2) is entered in the liquidceiver (5), remove mixed deposit device (2) then, taking-up has deposited the mould (3) of material, adopt conventional method successively through shaping, oven dry, presintering and sintering the deposition material in the mould (3) at last, obtain the continuous gradient functional material.
8. the preparation method of a kind of continuous gradient functional material according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the stir speed (S.S.) of agitator described in the step 3 (2-3) is 50 rev/mins～100 rev/mins.
9. the preparation method of a kind of continuous gradient functional material according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the driving velocity of reinforced push rod (1-5) is 1mm/min～5mm/min described in the step 3.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103042218A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-04-17 | 西安理工大学 | Molding apparatus of functionally graded materials |
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| WO1999067075A2 (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 1999-12-29 | National University Of Singapore | Functionally gradient materials and the manufacture thereof |
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| US20100122555A1 (en) * | 2008-11-18 | 2010-05-20 | David Myron Lineman | Platinum condensation abatement by electrostatic precipitation |
| WO2011046152A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-21 | 国立大学法人群馬大学 | Processes for producing precursor for functionally gradient material and producing functionally gradient material, precursor for functionally gradient material, and functionally gradient material |
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| WO1999067075A2 (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 1999-12-29 | National University Of Singapore | Functionally gradient materials and the manufacture thereof |
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| CN103042218B (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2015-02-18 | 西安理工大学 | Molding apparatus of functionally graded materials |
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