CN102284274A - Preparation method for modified montmorillonite adsorbent and application thereof to removing micro or trace iodine - Google Patents
Preparation method for modified montmorillonite adsorbent and application thereof to removing micro or trace iodine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for a modified montmorillonite adsorbent and application thereof to removing micro or trace iodine. The preparation method is characterized in that: a soluble silver salt is used as a main modification source, copper and zinc cations are used as assistants, and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide is combined, so that the requirements of processing hydrophilic and hydrophobic iodine are met. The iodine removing adsorbent is a substance with high mechanical strength and uniform grains and has a high removal rate which reaches 99 percent for the micro or trace iodine in a water system and has the characteristics of high adsorption speed and high adsorption capacity. The method is suitable for removing the micro or trace iodine existing in the water system, trace iodide in an acetic acid, propionic acid and/or acetic anhydride product and iodide impurity C1-C6 alkyl iodine such as methyl iodine existing in organic liquid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of can be used for removing aqueous systems trace, micro iodine ion, can handle the preparation of adsorbent method of iodine in the non-aqueous system again, belong to field of new.Particularly a kind of modified montmorillonoid preparation of adsorbent method and remove application little, trace iodine.
Background technology
There is high iodine area in existing 12 provinces and cities of China, comprise Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Fujian, Shaanxi.The existence of high iodine water has very serious harm to the people, and for example, iodine causes goitre.Simultaneously, the existence of the isotope-radioiodine of iodine has aggravated this influence.Radioiodine is one of main component in the early mixed fission product, and in nuclear explosion and reactor accident, it is the main nucleic of early stage contaminated environment.In the radio isotope of iodine, iodine-131 and iodine-125 are the relatively large radionuclides of toxicity.Enter the radioiodine in the blood, about 70% is present in the blood plasma, and 30% transfers in interior each histoorgan of body very soon, and Thyreoidine optionally concentrates.So radioiodine mainly shows as the thyroid gland damage to the harm of human body.
Compare with inorganic iodine, organic iodine can improve the dissipation ability of iodine to bacterium and virus, has safe, low toxin, has wide practical use and is worth in medicine and other fields.Organic iodine is mainly used in field of medicaments at present, is necessary to strengthen preparation technology is improved, and reduces cost, so that it is applied to fields such as food and feed early, brings into play better social benefit.Be rich in the biological organic crops of iodine such as sea-tangle, marine alga, laver etc. in addition and also can be used as the source of enriching the iodine, its biological organic iodine that is rich in is more effective, safe than enriching the iodine of inorganic iodine, the sea-tangle biological organic iodine is actual innocuous substance, even under higher dosage, also is safe and reliable.
The iodine mode of removing that exists at present, utilize the macroreticular strong-acid cation-exchange resin to handle iodine in the acetic acid among the Chinese patent CN86101411, CN1586697 is by filling the binder free zeolite adsorbents with fixed bed, and the control organic liquid medium can be reduced to the iodine medium that contains after the contact below the 10ppb by the air speed and the temperature of adsorption bed.Also have Chinese patent CN1419531, CN1328482 and United States Patent (USP) 4615806,5139981,5227224 etc. in addition.Chinese patent CN85107208 reclaims the iodine in the phosphorus ore has reference value.Chinese patent CN1225336 has introduced a kind of method of removing iodine from the drinking water of high-load, and the powdered ceramics of utilizing ultra-fine micropore reaches separation purpose to iodide ion to the strong delay effect of iodide ion.This method has certain adsorption effect for the iodide ion of high concentration, can reduce to 500ppm from 2000ppm, but for the iodide ion of low concentration, does not have obvious effects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation technology simple, have direct purification, can not bring the modified montmorillonoid preparation of adsorbent method of new pollution the system that needs are removed iodine, be used for little, trace iodine in the system for handling, make it to be reduced to below the 10ppb, meet national standard.The present invention is achieved by following technical proposals, is main modification source with soluble silver salt, reaches the requirement of handling hydrophily and hydrophobicity iodine in conjunction with softex kw.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of modified montmorillonoid preparation of adsorbent method, step is as follows:
(1) with imvite at 30-200 ℃ of following calcining 1-6h, be that the mass ratio of the aqueous solution of nitric acid of 1-6 is 1 in imvite and pH: the ratio of 40-60 is mixed and is stirred, and soaking 8-24h becomes suspension;
(2) mass ratio with softex kw and deionized water is 1: the ratio of 10-60 joins in the deionized water, is 20-50 ℃ in temperature and stirs 10-60min down, filters, and obtains transparent filtrate;
(3) be 60-120r/min keeping mixing speed, temperature is under the 20-60 ℃ of condition, and the filtrate in the step (2) is joined in the suspension in the step (1), and the time of dropping is 1-5h, continues afterwards to stir 1-2h, obtains mixed liquor;
(4) with the mixed liquor in the step (3) in 60-90 ℃ water-bath, the maintenance rotating speed is 70-120r/min, stir 4-10h after, this mixed liquor is filtered, washing obtains filter cake; Is 1 with this filter cake in mass ratio: the ratio of 20-40 joins in the deionized water, and the maintenance mixing speed is 60-120r/min, and 1-2h obtains solution;
(5) be 1 with soluble silver salt, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and boric acid according to mol ratio: the molar concentration that the proportional arrangement of 0.001-0.10: 0.001-0.10: 0.01-1 obtains containing silver nitrate is the mixed liquor of 0.001-1.0mol/L;
(6) be solution in the ammoniacal liquor regulating step (4) of 10%-40% with mass concentration, being adjusted to pH is 8-13, keeping mixing speed is 60-120r/min, temperature is under the 20-60 ℃ of condition, with the solution of mixed liquor in the step (5) and step (4) in proportion 1: the ratio of 1-30 joins in the solution of step (4), the time that drips is 1-5h, continues afterwards to stir 1-2h, obtains mixed liquor;
(7) speed that the mixed liquor in the step (6) is risen by 3 ℃ of-100 ℃/h is raised between 30-120 ℃ from 30 ℃; The maintenance mixing speed is 40-120r/min, and reaction 1-24h filters this mixed liquor again, washs 1-5 time, obtains solid material; With gained solid material vacuum freeze drying, maintain the temperature at-10 ℃ to 0 ℃ after the freeze-drying, insulation 1-3h, grinding is sieved, and obtains removing the adsorbent of iodine.
Described imvite is sodium-based montmorillonite, calcium-base montmorillonite, sodium base-calcium-base montmorillonite, magnesium base montmorillonite.
Described soluble silver salt is silver nitrate, silver sulfate, silver acetate or silver fluoride.
Modified montmorillonoid adsorbent of the present invention is being removed application little, trace iodine, with adsorbent and pending water sample according to 1: the ratio of 10-1000 adds, at rotating speed is under the stirring state of 30-120r/min, carry out the absorption of 1-8h, filter, measure the iodide ion concentration in the filtrate, clearance reaches more than 99%.
Carry out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, a bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is this material of 10-40 purpose 10 grams, will test with containing the iodine organic media or the inorganic iodine ion enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom with peristaltic pump, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 30-100 ℃, adsorption time is 0.5-12h.
The invention has the advantages that: iodine-removing adsorption agent is a kind of mechanical strength preferably that has, evengranular material, and this adsorbent has good clearance to the trace in the system, micro iodine, reaches more than 99%, and it is fast to have an adsorption rate, the characteristics that adsorption capacity is high.Simultaneously, the adding of softex kw makes material also also have good removal and concentration effect to the iodine in the organic matter in this adsorbent preparation process.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with instantiation the present invention is gone on foot explanation with regard to one.
Example 1
A kind of preparation method who removes the modified montmorillonoid of little, trace iodine, make in order to the below method:
(1) with sodium-based montmorillonite at 30 ℃ of following calcining 1h, be that this calcined sodium base montmorillonite is joined pH is that soaking 8h becomes suspension in 1 the aqueous solution of nitric acid for 1: 40 ratio in mass ratio afterwards.
(2) be that the softex kw of 1: 10 ratio joins in the deionized water in mass ratio, be 20 ℃ in temperature and stir 10min down, filter, obtain transparent filtrate.
(3) be 60r/min keeping mixing speed, temperature is under 20 ℃ of conditions, and the filtrate in the step (2) is joined in the suspension in the step (1), and the time of dropping is 1h, continues afterwards to stir 1h, obtains mixed liquor.
(4) with the mixed liquor in the step (3) in 60 ℃ water-bath, the maintenance rotating speed is 70r/min, stir 4h after, this mixed liquor is filtered, wash 1 time, obtain filter cake.Is that 1: 20 ratio joins in the deionized water with this filter cake in mass ratio, and the maintenance mixing speed is 60r/min, and 1h obtains solution.
(5) be 1: 0.001: 0.001 with silver nitrate, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and boric acid according to mol ratio: the molar concentration that 0.01 proportional arrangement obtains containing silver nitrate is the mixed liquor of 0.001mol/L.
(6) be solution in 10% the ammoniacal liquor regulating step (4) with mass concentration, being adjusted to PH is 8, keeping mixing speed is 60r/min, temperature is under 20 ℃ of conditions, with the mixed liquor in the step (5) in proportion 1: 1 ratio join in the solution of step (4), the time that drips is 1h, continues afterwards to stir 1h, obtains mixed liquor.
(7) mixed liquor in the step (6) is raised to 70 ℃ by the speed of 10 ℃/h from 30 ℃, the maintenance mixing speed is 40r/min, and reaction 4h filters this mixed liquor again, washs 1 time, obtains solid material; With gained solid material vacuum freeze drying, maintain the temperature at-10 ℃ after the freeze-drying, insulation 1h, grinding is sieved, and obtains removing the adsorbent of iodine.
Using method:
1. this material of 0.5g is put into the 10ml solution that content of iodine is 1ppm, under the rotating speed of 90r/min, absorption 1h filters afterwards, and the content of iodine of survey is reduced to 12.3ppb.Adsorption time is extended to 4h, and content of iodine is reduced to 2.4ppb.
2. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and a bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is this material of 20 purposes 10 grams, and will contain iodomethane with peristaltic pump is that the propionic acid of 61.2ppb enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 30 ℃, and adsorption time is 0.5h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 5.1ppb.
Example 2
A kind of preparation method who removes the modified montmorillonoid of little, trace iodine, make in order to the below method:
(1) with calcium-base montmorillonite at 120 ℃ of following calcining 3h, be that this calcined sodium base montmorillonite is joined pH is that soaking 16h becomes suspension in 4 the aqueous solution of nitric acid for 1: 50 ratio in mass ratio afterwards.
(2) be that the softex kw of 1: 30 ratio joins in the deionized water in mass ratio, be 35 ℃ in temperature and stir 30min down, filter, obtain transparent filtrate.
(3) be 90r/min keeping mixing speed, temperature is under 40 ℃ of conditions, and the filtrate in the step (2) is joined in the suspension in the step (1), and the time of dropping is 3h, continues afterwards to stir 1.5h, obtains mixed liquor.
(4) with the mixed liquor in the step (3) in 80 ℃ water-bath, the maintenance rotating speed is 100r/min, stir 7h after, this mixed liquor is filtered, wash 5 times, obtain filter cake.Is that 1: 30 ratio joins in the deionized water with this filter cake in mass ratio, and the maintenance mixing speed is 90r/min, and 1.5h obtains solution.
(5) be 1: 0.05: 0.05 with silver sulfate, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and boric acid according to mol ratio: the molar concentration that 0.5 proportional arrangement obtains containing silver nitrate is the mixed liquor of 0.5mol/L.
(6) be solution in 25% the ammoniacal liquor regulating step (4) with mass concentration, being adjusted to PH is 10, keeping mixing speed is 90r/min, temperature is under 40 ℃ of conditions, with the mixed liquor in the step (5) in proportion 1: 20 ratio join in the solution of step (4), the time that drips is 2.5h, continues afterwards to stir 1.5h, obtains mixed liquor.
(7) mixed liquor in the step (6) is raised to 100 ℃ by the speed of 15 ℃/h from 30 ℃, the maintenance mixing speed is 80r/min, and reaction 12h filters this mixed liquor again, washs 5 times, obtains solid material; With gained solid material vacuum freeze drying, maintain the temperature at-5 ℃ after the freeze-drying, insulation 1.5h, grinding is sieved, and obtains removing the adsorbent of iodine.
Using method:
1. this material of 0.5g is put into the 250ml solution that content of iodine is 1ppm, under the rotating speed of 90r/min, absorption 4h filters afterwards, and the content of iodine of survey is reduced to 9.5ppb.
2. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and a bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is this material of 40 purposes 10 grams, and will contain iodomethane with peristaltic pump is that the acetic anhydride of 30.7ppb enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 60 ℃, and adsorption time is 0.5h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 3.6ppb.
3. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and the bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is these material 10 grams of 20 purposes, and the solution that will contain iodide ion 100ppb with peristaltic pump enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 60 ℃, and adsorption time is 3h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 2.1ppb.
Example 3
A kind of preparation method who removes the modified montmorillonoid of little, trace iodine, make in order to the below method:
(1) with sodium base-calcium-base montmorillonite at 200 ℃ of following calcining 3h, be that this calcined sodium base montmorillonite is joined pH is that soaking 24h becomes suspension in 6 the aqueous solution of nitric acid for 1: 60 ratio in mass ratio afterwards.
(2) be that the softex kw of 1: 60 ratio joins in the deionized water in mass ratio, be 50 ℃ in temperature and stir 60min down, filter, obtain transparent filtrate.
(3) be 120r/min keeping mixing speed, temperature is under 60 ℃ of conditions, and the filtrate in the step (2) is joined in the suspension in the step (1), and the time of dropping is 5h, continues afterwards to stir 2h, obtains mixed liquor.
(4) with the mixed liquor in the step (3) in 90 ℃ water-bath, the maintenance rotating speed is 120r/min, stir 10h after, this mixed liquor is filtered, wash 10 times, obtain filter cake.Is that 1: 40 ratio joins in the deionized water with this filter cake in mass ratio, and the maintenance mixing speed is 120r/min, and 2h obtains solution.
(5) be 1: 0.1: 0.1 with silver fluoride, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and boric acid according to mol ratio: the molar concentration that 1 proportional arrangement obtains containing silver nitrate is the mixed liquor of 1mol/L.
(6) be solution in 40% the ammoniacal liquor regulating step (4) with mass concentration, being adjusted to PH is 13, keeping mixing speed is 120r/min, temperature is under 60 ℃ of conditions, with the mixed liquor in the step (5) in proportion 1: 30 ratio join in the solution of step (4), the time that drips is 5h, continues afterwards to stir 2h, obtains mixed liquor.
(7) mixed liquor in the step (6) is raised to 120 ℃ by the speed of 3 ℃/h from 30 ℃, the maintenance mixing speed is 120r/min, and reaction 24h filters this mixed liquor again, washs 10 times, obtains solid material; With gained solid material vacuum freeze drying, maintain the temperature at 0 ℃ after the freeze-drying, insulation 3h, grinding is sieved, and obtains removing the adsorbent of iodine.
Using method:
1. this material of 0.5g is put into the 500ml solution that content of iodine is 1ppm, under the rotating speed of 120r/min, absorption 8h filters afterwards, and the content of iodine of survey is reduced to 12.6ppb.
2. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and a bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is this material of 10 purposes 10 grams, and will contain iodomethane with peristaltic pump is that the acetic acid of 80.5ppb enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 100 ℃, and adsorption time is 6h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 3.4ppb.
3. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and the bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is these material 10 grams of 10 purposes, and the solution that will contain iodide ion 100ppb with peristaltic pump enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 100 ℃, and adsorption time is 6h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 2.1ppb.
Example 4
A kind of preparation method who removes the modified montmorillonoid of little, trace iodine, make in order to the below method:
(1) with the magnesium base montmorillonite at 30 ℃ of following calcining 6h, be that this calcined sodium base montmorillonite is joined pH is that soaking 12h becomes suspension in 2 the aqueous solution of nitric acid for 1: 30 ratio in mass ratio afterwards.
(2) be that the softex kw of 1: 20 ratio joins in the deionized water in mass ratio, be 30 ℃ in temperature and stir 10min down, filter, obtain transparent filtrate.
(3) be 60r/min keeping mixing speed, temperature is under 20 ℃ of conditions, and the filtrate in the step (2) is joined in the suspension in the step (1), and the time of dropping is 1h, continues afterwards to stir 1h, obtains mixed liquor.
(4) with the mixed liquor in the step (3) in 60 ℃ water-bath, the maintenance rotating speed is 70r/min, stir 4h after, this mixed liquor is filtered, wash 1 time, obtain filter cake.Is that 1: 20 ratio joins in the deionized water with this filter cake in mass ratio, and the maintenance mixing speed is 60r/min, and 1h obtains solution.
(5) be 1: 0.001: 0.001 with silver acetate, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and boric acid according to mol ratio: the molar concentration that 0.01 proportional arrangement obtains containing silver nitrate is the mixed liquor of 0.01mol/L.
(6) be solution in 10% the ammoniacal liquor regulating step (4) with mass concentration, being adjusted to PH is 8, keeping mixing speed is 60r/min, temperature is under 20 ℃ of conditions, with the mixed liquor in the step (5) in proportion 1: 1 ratio join in the solution of step (4), the time that drips is 1h, continues afterwards to stir 1h, obtains mixed liquor.
(7) mixed liquor in the step (6) is raised to 100 ℃ by the speed of 100 ℃/h from 30 ℃, the maintenance mixing speed is 40r/min, and reaction 1h filters this mixed liquor again, washs 3 times, obtains solid material; With gained solid material vacuum freeze drying, maintain the temperature at-10 ℃ after the freeze-drying, insulation 1h, grinding is sieved, and obtains removing the adsorbent of iodine.
Using method:
1. this material of 0.5g is put into the 100ml solution that content of iodine is 1ppm, under the rotating speed of 90r/min, absorption 2h filters afterwards, and the content of iodine of survey is reduced to 6.3ppb.Adsorption time is extended to 4h, and content of iodine is reduced to 3.4ppb.
2. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and a bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is this material of 20 purposes 10 grams, and will contain iodomethane with peristaltic pump is that the propionic acid of 80.8ppb enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 30 ℃, and adsorption time is 12h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 4.8ppb.
3. experiment is carried out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, and the bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, and height is 120 millimeters, and interior dress particle diameter is these material 10 grams of 40 purposes, and the solution that will contain iodide ion 1000ppb with peristaltic pump enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom, and air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 60 ℃, and adsorption time is 12h, and the amount of iodine in the tail washings of survey is 2.5ppb.
More than the present invention has been done exemplary description; should be noted that; under the situation that does not break away from core of the present invention, the replacement that is equal to that any simple distortion, modification or other those skilled in the art can not spend creative work all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. modified montmorillonoid preparation of adsorbent method, step is as follows:
(1) with imvite at 30-200 ℃ of following calcining 1-6h, be that the mass ratio of the aqueous solution of nitric acid of 1-6 is 1 in imvite and pH: the ratio of 40-60 is mixed and is stirred, and soaking 8-24h becomes suspension;
(2) mass ratio with softex kw and deionized water is 1: the ratio of 10-60 joins in the deionized water, is 20-50 ℃ in temperature and stirs 10-60min down, filters, and obtains transparent filtrate;
(3) be 60-120r/min keeping mixing speed, temperature is under the 20-60 ℃ of condition, and the filtrate in the step (2) is joined in the suspension in the step (1), and the time of dropping is 1-5h, continues afterwards to stir 1-2h, obtains mixed liquor;
(4) with the mixed liquor in the step (3) in 60-90 ℃ water-bath, the maintenance rotating speed is 70-120r/min, stir 4-10h after, this mixed liquor is filtered, washing obtains filter cake; Is 1 with this filter cake in mass ratio: the ratio of 20-40 joins in the deionized water, and the maintenance mixing speed is 60-120r/min, and 1-2h obtains solution;
(5) be 1 with soluble silver salt, copper nitrate, zinc nitrate and boric acid according to mol ratio: the molar concentration that the proportional arrangement of 0.001-0.10: 0.001-0.10: 0.01-1 obtains containing silver nitrate is the mixed liquor of 0.001-1.0mol/L;
(6) be solution in the ammoniacal liquor regulating step (4) of 10%-40% with mass concentration, being adjusted to pH is 8-13, keeping mixing speed is 60-120r/min, temperature is under the 20-60 ℃ of condition, with the solution of mixed liquor in the step (5) and step (4) in proportion 1: the ratio of 1-30 joins in the solution of step (4), the time that drips is 1-5h, continues afterwards to stir 1-2h, obtains mixed liquor;
(7) speed that the mixed liquor in the step (6) is risen by 3 ℃ of-100 ℃/h is raised between 30-120 ℃ from 30 ℃; The maintenance mixing speed is 40-120r/min, and reaction 1-24h filters this mixed liquor again, washs 1-5 time, obtains solid material; With gained solid material vacuum freeze drying, maintain the temperature at-10 ℃ to 0 ℃ after the freeze-drying, insulation 1-3h, grinding is sieved, and obtains removing the adsorbent of iodine.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described imvite is sodium-based montmorillonite, calcium-base montmorillonite, sodium base-calcium-base montmorillonite or magnesium base montmorillonite.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that described soluble silver salt is silver sulfate, silver acetate or silver fluoride.
4. the modified montmorillonoid adsorbent of claim 1 is being removed application little, trace iodine, it is characterized in that adsorbent and pending water sample according to 1: the ratio of 10-1000 adds, at rotating speed is under the stirring state of 30-120r/min, carry out the absorption of 1-8h, filter, measure the iodide ion concentration in the filtrate, clearance reaches more than 99%.
5. application as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that using is to carry out in constant temperature glass adsorbent bed, the bed internal diameter is 16 millimeters, height is 120 millimeters, interior dress particle diameter is these material 10 grams of 10-40 purpose, to test with containing the iodine organic media or the inorganic iodine ion enters adsorbent bed from top to bottom with peristaltic pump, air speed is 4/hr
-1, the adsorbent bed temperature is 30-100 ℃, adsorption time is 0.5-12h.
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