CN102284226A - Pressure swing adsorption and copious cooling combined process for separating methane from low-concentration coalbed methane - Google Patents
Pressure swing adsorption and copious cooling combined process for separating methane from low-concentration coalbed methane Download PDFInfo
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- CN102284226A CN102284226A CN2010102051565A CN201010205156A CN102284226A CN 102284226 A CN102284226 A CN 102284226A CN 2010102051565 A CN2010102051565 A CN 2010102051565A CN 201010205156 A CN201010205156 A CN 201010205156A CN 102284226 A CN102284226 A CN 102284226A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure swing adsorption and copious cooling combined process for separating methane from low-concentration coalbed methane, which comprises the following steps of: 1, enabling raw material coalbed gas with methane concentration of lower than 30% to enter a pressure swing adsorption unit, and concentrating and vacuumizing to obtain intermediate gas with methane concentration of 40-60%; 2, carrying out decarburization and drying purifying treatment on the intermediate gas through a purifying unit; 3, enabling the purified intermediate gas to enter a refrigerating unit for carrying out heat exchange and cooling with a refrigerant and waste gas generated by a fractionating column; and 4, finally, enabling the intermediate gas subjected to the heat exchange and cooling to enter a cryogenic separation unit, obtaining liquid methane with purity of more than 99% in a fractionating column kettle, recycling cold of the waste gas generated from the upper part of the fractionating column through heat exchange with the refrigerating unit, and then introducing into the pressure swing adsorption unit for diluting and discharging air in an adsorption tower. According to the invention, the coalbed gas with methane concentration of lower than 30% is recycled and separated, and the liquid methane with purity of more than 99% is prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of separation of methane, particularly relate to a kind of from the low concentration coal bed gas transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of separation of methane.
Background technology
China's coalfield coal bed gas reserves are abundant, colliery coal bed gas input is an important safety measure in the coal production, according to country's " safety regulations in coal mine " regulation, methane concentration just can not utilize in the coal bed gas below 30%, at present nearly all colliery all is lower than methane concentration 30% the direct emptying of coal bed gas and enters atmosphere, causes the pollution of environment and the waste of resource.
At present the method for the coal bed gas separation of methane of report mainly contain that membrane separation process, solvent method, synthetic water are legal, pressure swing adsorption method and separation by deep refrigeration, first three methods is existing in the high concentration methane separation all also to be in the research exploratory stage.Though the existing industrialness of pressure swing adsorption method and separation by deep refrigeration is used, commercial Application economy and product application are restricting the coal bed gas that methane concentration is lower than below 30% always and are using.Chinese patent CN85103557 disclose adsorptive pressure 5～10 kgfs/centimetre
2Vacuumize by displacement and the coal mine mash gas enrichment can be obtained the pressure swing adsorption method that methane concentration is 35～96% methane rich product, but need adopt high reflux ratio when obtaining high concentration methane, cause production efficiency low, separation costs improves, and the concentration of methane can only be used as domestic gas or generating when being 50% left and right sides nearby, and commercial range of application is narrow.But, paper " low temperature process concentrates the methane in the coal bed gas " (Tao Pengwan, Wang Xiaodong, Huang Jianbin, gas chemical industry: C1 chemistry and chemical industry, 2005,30 (4) 43-46) a kind of low temperature separating methods is disclosed, low temperature separating methods concentrates coal bed gas and needs all unstripped gas liquefaction, and when methane concentration was low, concentrated cost was huge.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provide a kind of from the low concentration coal bed gas transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of separation of methane, it is lower than 30% coal bed gas with methane concentration and reclaims and separate and produce purity greater than 99% liquid methane.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals: a kind of from the low concentration coal bed gas transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of separation of methane, it is characterized in that this technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: methane concentration is lower than 30% raw material coal bed gas and enters psa unit, obtains 40～60% middle gas through concentrating to vacuumize;
Step 2: middle gas carries out decarburization and dry purified treatment by clean unit;
Step 3: the waste gas that the middle gas after the purification enters refrigeration unit and cold-producing medium and fractionating column generation carries out the heat exchange cooling;
Step 4: the middle gas after the last heat exchange cooling enters the cryogenic separation unit, obtain purity greater than 99% liquid methane at a fractionation Tata still, the waste gas that fractionation Tata top produces is introduced psa unit dilution and adsorption tower emptying gas after cold is reclaimed in the refrigeration unit heat exchange.
Preferably, described psa unit adopts the adsorption tower of two or more filled with adsorbent.
Preferably, described adsorbent is the adsorbent to the selective absorption of methane.
Preferably, methane concentration surpasses at 3% o'clock in the waste gas that described adsorption tower cat head is discharged, and needs by waste gas or the air of introducing the fractionating column generation methane concentration to be controlled at back emptying below 3%.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is: the transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of the present invention's separation of methane from the low concentration coal bed gas are realized pressure swing adsorption method by psa unit, and realize separation by deep refrigeration, and obtain purity greater than 99% liquid methane by the cryogenic separation unit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the transformation absorption of the present invention's separation of methane from the low concentration coal bed gas and the theory diagram of deep cooling combined process.
The specific embodiment
Provide preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, absorption of the transformation of the present invention's separation of methane from the low concentration coal bed gas and deep cooling combined process may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: methane concentration is lower than 30% raw material coal bed gas and enters psa unit under normal temperature, adsorptive pressure, obtains 40～60% middle gas through concentrating to vacuumize; Wherein, this psa unit adopts the adsorption tower of two or more filled with adsorbent, and adsorbent is for methane there being the adsorbent of better selective absorption, such as adsorbents such as active carbon, zeolite molecular sieve or carbon molecular sieves.Methane in the raw material coal bed gas is adsorbed after the enrichment to be extracted out at the bottom of the tower by vavuum pump in adsorption tower and obtains 40～60% middle gas.Methane concentration surpasses at 3% o'clock in the waste gas that adsorption tower is discharged, and needs by waste gas or the air of introducing the fractionating column generation methane concentration to be controlled at back emptying below 3%.
Step 2: middle gas carries out purified treatment such as decarburization and drying by clean unit; Wherein, this clean unit is that the technological requirement that satisfies follow-up cryogenic separation is carried out purified treatment to middle gas, the CO in the middle of methods such as employing N-MDEA (N-Methyldiethanolamine, N methyldiethanol amine) method or pressure and temperature varying absorption method remove in the gas
2Deng impurity, the H in the middle of employing alternating temperature absorption method removes in the gas
2O.The impurity of clean unit exit gas allows content to be: CO
2＜50ppmV, H
2O＜1ppmV.
Step 3: the waste gas that the middle gas after the purification enters refrigeration unit and cold-producing medium and fractionating column generation carries out the heat exchange cooling; Wherein, the conventional process of refrigeration unit comprises technologies such as stepwise kind of refrigeration cycle, azeotrope kind of refrigeration cycle or expander refrigeration circulation.Can adopt reasonable, economic technology according to scale, the waste gas that the fractionation cat head produces cools to middle gas jointly with refrigeration gas.
Step 4: the middle gas after the last heat exchange cooling enters the cryogenic separation unit, wherein, middle pneumatic transmission is gone into the fractionating column separation of liquefying, fractionation Tata still obtains purity greater than 99% liquid methane, and the waste gas that fractionation Tata top produces is introduced psa unit dilution and adsorption tower emptying gas after cold is reclaimed in the refrigeration unit heat exchange.
The present invention gives a concrete illustration and is elaborated: step 1: with pressure is that 0.05MPa, methane concentration are that (concentration of carbon dioxide is 4% for 20% low concentration raw material coal bed gas, all the other are air) enter in the adsorption tower of psa unit, after adsorbing, extract out from the adsorption tower bottom by vavuum pump, (concentration of methane is 46% for middle gas, concentration of carbon dioxide is 7%, remaining air), waste gas or air that the adsorption tower emptying gas that is not adsorbed (concentration of methane is 3.5%) is introduced the fractionating column generation are controlled at back emptying below 3% with methane concentration.Step 2: middle gas is compressed to be entered by bottom, clean unit absorption tower to 0.7MPa, fully contact with top-down N-MDEA solution (lean solution), gas phase enters the dehydration of adsorption dry tower after being discharged by the top, absorption tower, the liquid phase that has absorbed carbon dioxide is delivered to flash column regeneration, and the impurity that requires to purify the back exit gas allows content to be: CO
2＜50ppmV, H
2O＜1ppmV.Step 3: gas (concentration of methane is 50%, and all the other are air) enters the waste gas heat-shift that produces with cold-producing medium and fractionation cat head in the refrigeration unit heat exchanger in the middle of the purification of pressure 0.6MPa, and temperature is reduced to-168 ℃.Step 4: the middle gas after temperature descends enters the fractionating column middle part after being decompressed to 0.45MPa separates, obtain purity greater than 99% liquid methane by fractionation Tata still, the unnecessary waste gas (trace methane, all the other are air) that fractionating column top produces is introduced psa unit dilution and adsorption tower emptying gas after the refrigeration unit heat exchanger reclaims cold.
In sum, the transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of the present invention's separation of methane from the low concentration coal bed gas are realized pressure swing adsorption method by psa unit, and realize separation by deep refrigeration by the cryogenic separation unit, methane concentration is lower than 30% emptying coal bed gas reclaims to separate and obtain purity greater than 99% liquid methane.
Though more than described the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from principle of the present invention and essence, can make numerous variations or modification to these embodiments.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. the transformation of a separation of methane from the low concentration coal bed gas is adsorbed and deep cooling combined process, it is characterized in that this technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: methane concentration is lower than 30% raw material coal bed gas and enters psa unit, obtains 40～60% middle gas through concentrating to vacuumize;
Step 2: middle gas carries out decarburization and dry purified treatment by clean unit;
Step 3: the waste gas that the middle gas after the purification enters refrigeration unit and cold-producing medium and fractionating column generation carries out the heat exchange cooling;
Step 4: the middle gas after the last heat exchange cooling enters the cryogenic separation unit, obtain purity greater than 99% liquid methane at a fractionation Tata still, the waste gas that fractionation Tata top produces is introduced psa unit dilution and adsorption tower emptying gas after cold is reclaimed in the refrigeration unit heat exchange.
2. as claimed in claim 1 from the low concentration coal bed gas transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of separation of methane, it is characterized in that described psa unit adopts the adsorption tower of two or more filled with adsorbent.
3. as claimed in claim 2 from the low concentration coal bed gas transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of separation of methane, it is characterized in that described adsorbent is the adsorbent to the selective absorption of methane.
4. as claimed in claim 2 from the low concentration coal bed gas transformation absorption and the deep cooling combined process of separation of methane, it is characterized in that, methane concentration surpasses at 3% o'clock in the waste gas that described adsorption tower cat head is discharged, and needs by waste gas or the air of introducing the fractionating column generation methane concentration to be controlled at back emptying below 3%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102675021A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 绿菱电子材料（天津）有限公司 | Purifying process of high-purity methane |
| CN105567360A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-11 | 中科合成油工程股份有限公司 | Method and system for preparing liquefied natural gas from coal-to-oil purified synthesis gas |
| EP3255126A1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method of processing a coal seam gas |
| CN107715657A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-23 | 泰州市泰港动力机械有限公司 | A kind of industrial plant exhaust-gas treatment retracting device |
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| JP2009220003A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-10-01 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Method and system for enriching combustible gas |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102675021A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 绿菱电子材料（天津）有限公司 | Purifying process of high-purity methane |
| CN105567360A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-11 | 中科合成油工程股份有限公司 | Method and system for preparing liquefied natural gas from coal-to-oil purified synthesis gas |
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| EP3255126A1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-12-13 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method of processing a coal seam gas |
| CN107715657A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-02-23 | 泰州市泰港动力机械有限公司 | A kind of industrial plant exhaust-gas treatment retracting device |
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Application publication date: 20111221 |