CN102280815B - Optical feedback chaos laser - Google Patents

Optical feedback chaos laser Download PDF

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CN102280815B
CN102280815B CN2011101989436A CN201110198943A CN102280815B CN 102280815 B CN102280815 B CN 102280815B CN 2011101989436 A CN2011101989436 A CN 2011101989436A CN 201110198943 A CN201110198943 A CN 201110198943A CN 102280815 B CN102280815 B CN 102280815B
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王安帮
王云才
李璞
武媛
王冰洁
徐航
郭园园
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses an optical feedback chaos laser which comprises a continuous feedback cavity, wherein the continuous feedback cavity is a scatterer for singly providing continuous backward scattering, or a scatterer for providing and amplifying the continuous backward scattering; the scatterer for singly generating the continuous backward scattering is one of optical fiber, film waveguide and strip waveguide; the scatterer for providing and amplifying the continuous backward scattering is a combination of doped optical fiber and a pump laser; and the doped optical fiber is one of erbium-doped optical fiber, praseodymium-doped optical fiber and rubidium-doped optical fiber. The continuous feedback cavity of the optical feedback chaos laser generates chaotic laser light, thoroughly eliminates the time delay characteristic of an optical feedback semiconductor laser, improves confidentiality of chaotic communication, accuracy of distance measurement and randomness of random numbers, and can be applied in the fields of communication, remote sensing, sensing and the like.

Description

A kind of smooth feedback chaos laser
Technical field
The present invention is relevant with light feedback chaos laser, and is more detailed, is a kind of smooth feedback chaos laser that comprises semiconductor laser, fiber coupler, optical attenuator, Polarization Controller, semiconductor optical amplifier and scattering object.
Background technology
Chaotic laser light has high bandwidth and noise like characteristic, is widely used in secure communication, laser radar, light time territory transmitter, optical coherence tomography, quick randomizer etc.
Chaotic laser light can obtain through the additional disturbance of noise spectra of semiconductor lasers, like the light feedback, light beam is gone into or electro-optical feedback, wherein the light feedback semiconductor laser simple in structure because of it, be easy to regulate and advantages such as control enjoy favor in application.But the light feedback semiconductor laser is the application of chaotic laser light when offering convenience, and also has unfavorable factor---delay character.So-called delay character is meant that the chaotic laser light of semiconductor laser output can carry and the long relevant information of feedback cavity, on time domain, demonstrates weak periodicity, secondary lobe on autocorrelator trace, occurs; See document IEE Proc.-Optoelectron, Vol. 152, p.97～102; 2005 with Journal of Quantum Electronics; Vol. 45, p. 879～891, and 2009.The existence of this delay character has a strong impact on the application quality (for example, reducing the randomness of the certainty of measurement of chaos laser range-measurement, the confidentiality that threatens chaotic communication, the quick randomizer of destruction chaotic laser light etc.) of chaotic laser light, must manage to eliminate it.
To the problems referred to above, many scholars have proposed several different methods and have optimized the light feedback semiconductor laser, to reach the effect that suppresses or hide its delay character.Typically, French scholar D. Rontani points out when the exocoel feedback intensity is extremely weak, the delay character of light feedback semiconductor laser can be inhibited (Optics Letters, Vol. 32, p. 2960～2962,2007); 2009, people such as Wu Jiagui found to adopt dual exocoel feedback when the light feedback semiconductor laser, and under proper condition, delay character can well be hidden (Optics Express, Vol. 17, p. 20124～20133,2009).
Whether yet the mechanism that said method is eliminated delay character is not clear, really can successfully hide or suppress delay character to remain in objection, and part scholar has different experimental results, sees document Electronics Letters, and Vol. 46, p.1621～1623,2010.
It should be noted that prior art all is to adopt point or face as feedback cavity, though can well improve the delay character of light feedback semiconductor laser, their condition is but extremely harsh, and extremely weak or chamber grows up to ratio etc. such as, feedback intensity.Moreover, these technology can only weaken the delay character of light feedback semiconductor laser, can't be with its thorough elimination.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is to select the continuous feedback chamber of suitable scattering object as semiconductor laser; Singlely continuous back scattering is provided or continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies; The noise spectra of semiconductor lasers random perturbation; Eliminate the delay character that the chaotic laser light device is produced with this, improve confidentiality, the accuracy of chaos laser range-measurement and the randomness of random number of chaotic communication, its objective is provides a kind of smooth feedback chaos laser.
In order to address the above problem and realize above-mentioned purpose, the measure that the present invention taked is a kind of smooth feedback chaos laser, and this light feedback chaos laser comprises the continuous feedback chamber, and said continuous feedback chamber is one single continuous backward scattered scattering object to be provided; Or the scattering object that continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies.
In such scheme, said single continuous backward scattered scattering object is provided is a kind of in optical fiber, thin-film waveguide and the flat waveguide; The said scattering object that continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies is the combination of doped fiber and pump laser; It is said that the feedback intensity of continuous backward scattered scattering object is provided is 1% ~ 15%; The feedback intensity of the said scattering object that continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies is 1% ~ 15%; Said optical fiber is monomode fiber, touch a kind of in optical fiber and the photonic crystal fiber more; Said thin-film waveguide is BaTiO 3Thin film optical wave-guide, LiNbO 3Thin film optical wave-guide, LiTaO 3A kind of in the thin film optical wave-guide; Said flat waveguide is a kind of in the FP etalon of photonic crystal, liquid crystal, two ends plating anti-reflection film; Said doped fiber is Er-doped fiber, mix praseodymium optical fiber and mix a kind of in the rubidium optical fiber; The combination of said doped fiber and pump laser is that fiber coupler is connected Er-doped fiber with pump laser, and doped fiber provides continuous rear orientation light and under the effect of pump laser, rear orientation light amplified.
A kind of smooth feedback chaos laser provided by the invention compared with prior art, has thoroughly been eliminated the delay character of existing light feedback chaos laser, and its advantage and good effect embody a concentrated reflection of as follows:
One, selecting for use scattering object to produce chaotic laser light as the continuous feedback chamber is to belong to the body feedback; And existing report technology all is a feedback or face feedback.
Two, thoroughly eliminated the delay character of light feedback semiconductor laser; The report technology is to improve delay character, can't thoroughly eliminate the problem of delay character.
Three, the chaotic laser light that does not contain delay character of chaotic laser light device generation of the present invention has improved the confidentiality of chaotic communication, the accuracy of chaos laser range-measurement and the randomness of random number, can be applicable to fields such as communication, remote sensing, sensing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment structural representation of smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another embodiment structural representation of smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the autocorrelogram of the chaotic signal that produces of traditional light feedback chaos laser.
Fig. 5 is the autocorrelogram that utilizes the chaotic signal that the execution mode one of smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention produces.
Fig. 6 is the autocorrelogram that utilizes the chaotic signal that the execution mode two of smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention produces.
Among the figure: 1: semiconductor laser; 2: fiber coupler; 3: optical attenuator; 4: Polarization Controller; 5: semiconductor optical amplifier; 6: the continuous feedback chamber; 6-1a: monomode fiber; 6-1b: Er-doped fiber; 6-2b: pump laser.
Embodiment
Smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention is a kind of light feedback chaos laser that does not contain delay character; Be a kind of continuous feedback chamber that utilizes scattering object to make up semiconductor laser, the chaotic laser light device that the delay character quilt that semiconductor laser is produced is thoroughly eliminated; For smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention is described better, be that example is done further detailed description to smooth feedback chaos laser of the present invention with monomode fiber and Er-doped fiber below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Execution mode one
Like Fig. 2, be an a kind of concrete structure sketch map that does not contain the light feedback chaos laser of delay character.Its embodiment is following:
A kind of light feedback chaos laser that does not contain delay character; Comprise semiconductor laser 1, fiber coupler 2, optical attenuator 3, Polarization Controller 4, semiconductor optical amplifier 5 and continuous feedback chamber 6; And biography connects successively, and wherein, continuous feedback chamber 6 is made up of monomode fiber 1a.
Semiconductor laser 1 output continuous light passes through fiber coupler 2 successively, and injects continuous feedback chamber 6 through optical attenuator 3, Polarization Controller 4 and semiconductor optical amplifier 5.The various piece of monomode fiber 1a in the continuous feedback chamber 6 produces scattering to the light that incides in the optical fiber; Wherein rear orientation light feeds back to semiconductor laser 1 through semiconductor optical amplifier 5, Polarization Controller 4, optical attenuator 3 and fiber coupler 2 former roads again; Noise spectra of semiconductor lasers 1 causes disturbance; Move in circles, final semiconductor laser 1 produces delay character by the chaotic laser light of thoroughly eliminating, and is exported by optical coupler 2 output port I.
The internal physical mechanism of execution mode one generation chaotic laser light is available about the electric field complex amplitude EAnd carrier concentration NOne group of rate equation describe in detail:
Figure 2011101989436100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
（1）
Figure 1003DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
（2）
Formula (1) is described semiconductor laser output light field under extraneous monomode fiber back scattering optical disturbance EVariation, then reflect the inner charge carrier of semiconductor laser in the formula (2) NVariation under extraneous monomode fiber back scattering optical disturbance.The physical meaning of each parameter and numerical value are following in the formula: transparent carrier density N 0 =0.455 * 10 6 μ m -3The differential gain G=1.414 * 10 -3 μm 3Ns -1Carrier lifetime τ N=2.5 ns; Photon lifetime τ p=1.17 ps; Semiconductor laser resonator two-way time τ In=7.38 ps; The live width enhancer α=5.0; The gain saturation coefficient ε=5 * 10 -5 μm 3Two-way time between semiconductor laser and the monomode fiber τ=94.4ns; The length of monomode fiber l=80m; The speed that light is propagated in optical fiber c=2 * 10 8M/s; , the scattering coefficient of monomode fiber α s =0.8 dB/km/ μ m -4The loss of monomode fiber β=0.18 dB/km.
Second on formula (1) the right is a feedback term, represents the rear orientation light of monomode fiber; Compare with the retroreflection light intensity
Figure 2011101989436100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
of traditional point or face light feedback semiconductor laser; Various piece in the monomode fiber all can cause the back scattering light intensity; Therefore total scattered light intensity is to the storage effect of whole piece standard fiber, is expressed as
Figure 449302DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
.Such rear orientation light with simple a bit or the reverberation of one side compare; Composition is also complicated more; No longer comprise common reverberation, but be mingled with various backward scattered scattered lights such as Rayleigh scattering, stimulated Raman scattering, can reduce the correlation between feedback light and the semiconductor laser initial transmissions light greatly; The disturbance of its noise spectra of semiconductor lasers is just complicated more and do not have rule like this, no longer contains delay character thereby produce chaotic laser light.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the autocorrelograms of two chaotic laser lights.Wherein, Fig. 4 adopts the autocorrelogram of speculum as the chaotic laser light of traditional light feedback chaos laser output of face feedback under the identical parameters.Can clearly see from Fig. 4, it time of delay ± the 94.4ns place has two sharp keen spikes and occurs, and explains that traditional face feedback chaos laser contains delay character.Fig. 5 then is when adopting monomode fiber as the continuous feedback chamber, the autocorrelogram of light feedback chaos laser output laser.With Fig. 4 contrast, we can see time of delay ± 94.4ns place does not have the secondary lobe appearance.This shows that this device can thoroughly eliminate the delay character of chaotic laser light.Though what it may be noted that here that continuous feedback chamber in the above device adopts is monomode fiber, it can also use other scattering objects, like multimode fiber, photonic crystal fiber, BaTiO 3Thin film optical wave-guide, LiNbO 3Thin film optical wave-guide, LiTaO 3The FP etalon of thin film optical wave-guide, photonic crystal, liquid crystal, two ends plating anti-reflection film waits to be replaced.This be because more than several kinds of media belong to the single backward scattered scattering object that provides, it is in full accord that internal mechanism and the monomode fiber of scattering takes place for their, all can reach the effect of elimination delay character.In addition; Also be pointed out that; In the experiment particular type and the parameter thereof that adopts scattering object there is not strict requirement; The major limitation condition be to guarantee the final rear orientation light that produces feedback intensity between 1% to 15%, so just the delay character of chaotic laser light is thoroughly eliminated (notes, feedback intensity is meant the ratio of the initial light intensity of back scattering light intensity and semiconductor laser) here.
Execution mode two
Like Fig. 3, be a kind of another concrete structure sketch map that does not contain the light feedback chaos laser of delay character.Embodiment is following:
A kind of light feedback chaos laser that does not contain delay character; Comprise semiconductor laser 1, fiber coupler 2, optical attenuator 3, Polarization Controller 4, semiconductor optical amplifier 5 and continuous feedback chamber 6; And connect successively; Wherein, continuous feedback chamber 6 is constituted by one section Er-doped fiber 1b and pump laser 2b.
Semiconductor laser 1 output continuous light passes through fiber coupler 2 successively, and injects continuous feedback chamber 6 through optical attenuator 3, Polarization Controller 4 and semiconductor optical amplifier 5.The each several part of Er-doped fiber 1b in the continuous feedback chamber 6 produces each backward to scattering to injecting light under the effect of pump laser 2b, and the rear orientation light that self produces is amplified; Rear orientation light feeds back to semiconductor laser 1 through semiconductor optical amplifier 5, Polarization Controller 4, optical attenuator 3 and fiber coupler 2 former roads; Noise spectra of semiconductor lasers 1 causes disturbance; Move in circles; Final semiconductor laser 1 produces delay character by the chaotic laser light of thoroughly eliminating, and is exported by optical coupler 2 output port I.
1a compares with monomode fiber, has mixed gain media among the Er-doped fiber 1b---erbium, and its particle size is bigger, just means that also its scattering coefficient is higher, and the back scattering that unit length produces is stronger; And under pump laser 2b excitation, gain media can amplify the rear orientation light that produces.The reason of this two aspect can be reduced the size in continuous feedback chamber 6 greatly.Execution mode two produces the available following rate equation of internal physical mechanism of chaotic laser light and explains:
Figure 2011101989436100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
（3）
Figure 229039DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
（4）
Formula (3) is described the output light field of semiconductor laser under extraneous Er-doped fiber back scattering optical disturbance EChange, formula (2) then reflects the inner charge carrier of semiconductor laser NVariation under extraneous Er-doped fiber back scattering optical disturbance.We know by the description of front, compare with execution mode one, and execution mode two also can amplify the rear orientation light that self produces except meeting produces continuous back scattering.Therefore the physical meaning of each parameter and the parameter basically identical in numerical value and the execution mode one in the rate equation, but have the physical meaning of a few parameter and value that very big-difference is arranged.These inconsistent parameters are respectively: the length of Er-doped fiber l=20m (corresponding feedback intensity is 15%); The scattering coefficient of Er-doped fiber α s =5 dB/km/ μ m -4The gain coefficient of Er-doped fiber is 32.
In order to judge clearly whether the chaotic laser light that this device produces contains time delay information, we have also provided the autocorrelogram of the chaotic laser light of execution mode two generations, see Fig. 6.From autocorrelogram 6, can find out, also not have secondary lobe above it, show that the time delay information of the chaotic laser light that this device produces has obtained eliminating up hill and dale.Embodiment two is compared with embodiment one, and the advantage of a maximum is that embodiment two can shorten the size in continuous feedback chamber greatly.For example, embodiment one adopts the monomode fiber of 80m in this experiment, and the length of the Er-doped fiber that execution mode two adopts is merely 20m, has shortened twice on the size.
What need indicate here is, though the Er-doped fiber that more than adopt in the continuous feedback chamber in the device, in fact it can use other doped fibers, as mixes praseodymium optical fiber and mix rubidium optical fiber and wait and replace.This be because more than several kinds of doped fibers all be the optical fiber that is mixed with gain media, all belong to the scattering object that produces back scattering and can amplify, its generation back scattering and the internal mechanism that rear orientation light is amplified are in full accord, can reach identical effect.In addition; Similar with execution mode one; Two pairs of continuous feedback chamber devices of being selected for use of execution mode and parameter do not have special strict restriction, need only guarantee that the feedback intensity of the final rear orientation light that produces can thoroughly eliminate the delay character of chaotic laser light between 1% to 15%.

Claims (10)

1. a light feedback chaos laser comprises the continuous feedback chamber, and said continuous feedback chamber is one single continuous backward scattered scattering object to be provided; Or the scattering object that continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies.
2. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 1, said single continuous backward scattered scattering object is provided is a kind of in optical fiber, thin-film waveguide and the flat waveguide.
3. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 1, the said scattering object that continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies is the combination of doped fiber and pump laser.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 light feedback chaos laser, said the feedback intensity of continuous backward scattered scattering object is provided is 1% ~ 15%.
5. like claim 1 or 3 described smooth feedback chaos lasers, the feedback intensity of the said scattering object that continuous back scattering is provided and amplifies is 1% ~ 15%.
6. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 2, said optical fiber are a kind of in monomode fiber, multimode fiber and the photonic crystal fiber.
7. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 2, said thin-film waveguide is BaTiO 3Thin film optical wave-guide, LiNbO 3Thin film optical wave-guide, LiTaO 3A kind of in the thin film optical wave-guide.
8. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 2, said flat waveguide are a kind of in the FP etalon of photonic crystal, liquid crystal, two ends plating anti-reflection film.
9. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 3, said doped fiber be Er-doped fiber, mix praseodymium optical fiber and mix a kind of in the rubidium optical fiber.
10. smooth feedback chaos laser as claimed in claim 3; The combination of said doped fiber and pump laser is that fiber coupler is connected Er-doped fiber with pump laser, and doped fiber provides continuous rear orientation light and under the effect of pump laser, rear orientation light amplified.
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