A kind of broadband micro-imaging spectroscopic system and the quick focus control method of change wavelength thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of micro-imaging spectral device, particularly a kind of have become focus the fast broadband micro-imaging spectroscopic system of control and image registration function of wavelength.Be used for the fields such as clinical diagnosis, new material analysis.
Background technology
Biology and medical development have experienced the dissection biology stage (histology stage) that relies on the outward appearance identification and the microscopic cells biology stage of going deep into the cell level, at present to more high-stage development of molecular biology, the physiology, pathology source that not only requires to seek life and disease from molecular level by with affect situation, more require outer chemical and biochemical component and change information thereof in the understanding cell.Qualitative, quantitative and locating information and the situation of change thereof of the inside and outside component of cell, existence, the development microenvironment state of cell will directly be affected, also can affect its physiology and pathological state, thereby directly determine the formation, growth of life process and biological tissue and aging, and the biomedical sector sixty-four dollar questions such as effect of the formation of disease, development, medicine.What the traditional medicine image-forming diagnose showed is the dissection variation of biological tissue's pathology, and this formation method can not adapt to the new demand of life science and pathology development.How also to inquire into the effective ways of diagnosing and treating disease from cellular level even Molecular level study disease development mechanism, become the focus of iconography, biology and clinic study.The micro-imaging spectral technique can provide the information of biological organization sample image and spectrum two aspects, i.e. image cube simultaneously.Therefore can carry out structure imaging and functional imaging to detecting target simultaneously, in fields such as cytogenetics, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, pathology and new drug initiatives huge application potential be arranged.
Analyze by prior art documents and find, Chinese patent application number: 200410017031.4, " high microspectrum imaging system " disclosed technical scheme is: a kind of integrated system micro-imaging technique and high light spectrum image-forming technology combine comprises optical microscope, spectrometer, area array CCD camera and exclusive data collection and process software.Collection of illustrative plates unification microcosmic spectrum picture can be provided, can be widely used in the ambits such as clinical medicine, biology, materialogy, microelectronics.This technical scheme is a kind of high microspectrum imaging system of pull-broom type, and this system utilizes the stepper motor driving objective table to carry out translation, and the realization object space pushes away to be swept.And in actual use, this mode of sweeping that pushes away is brought two problems: the one, push away that to sweep be a kind of mechanical motion, and speed is slow, makes the image acquisition time longer; The 2nd, push away and sweep motion so that complex operation, reliability is not high, is unfavorable for using as common apparatus.
For these problems, Chinese patent application number: 200810036683.0, " molecular spectrum imager " uses acousto-optic tunable wave filter (Acousto Optic Tunable Filter, AOTF) or liquid crystal tunable filter (Liquid Crystal Tunable Filter, LCTF) as the dispersion unit, avoided pushing away and swept motion, can realize fast imaging; The spectral range of imaging can comprise visible light and near infrared two parts; But this system is the light spectrum image-forming of realizing by to the light source light splitting, can be subject to inevitably the impact of environment parasitic light during measurement, brings adverse effect to image quality.
Although these two systems have all realized the light spectrum image-forming under the micro-target, but still there is certain problem: at first, all do not consider wavelength variations during this two systems to the impact of imaging focal length, fail to solve when gathering HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY the problem of the single band image blur that the variation along with wavelength causes; Secondly, the registration problems after existing similar system is not considered focal length variations when design between each single band image; At last, existing system is not realized the problem that the simultaneously collection of the imaging of high resolving power ordinary optical and light spectrum image-forming and registration and wavelength coverage can be adjusted as required.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide for the deficiencies in the prior art a kind of have become focus the fast broadband micro-imaging spectroscopic system of control and image registration function of wavelength.This system uses focusing controller automatically according to the change calculations of wavelength and adjust microscopical imaging focal length, thereby overcomes the single band image problem fuzzy along with the variation of wavelength; This system uses spectrophotometric unit that light splitting is carried out in the microscope rear end, has avoided the impact of measurement environment parasitic light; This system uses optical path switcher that imaging optical path is carried out the multichannel switching, satisfy the needs of different wave length imaging sensing range and the imaging of reservation high resolving power ordinary optical, use simultaneously the image registration unit that the single band image of the different wave length of collection after the focal length fine setting is carried out the Pixel-level registration, avoid the appearance of spectrum dimension measuring error.Because the data acquisition and control software that provides can calculate the focal length value that each wavelength needs compensates automatically according to preseting wavelength coverage, therefore focusing speed is faster than traditional focusing method when actual image data gathers, combine with follow-up image registration function, really realized becoming the broadband microspectrum imaging that wavelength is focused fast and image registration combines.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of have become focus the fast broadband micro-imaging spectroscopic system of control and image registration function of wavelength, it comprises microscope, the multi-pass switch, the light path control device, spectrophotometric unit, Intensified Charge Coupled Device (Intensified Charge Coupled Device, ICCD), the spectrophotometric unit controller, image acquisition units, drive motor, objective table, stage carrier, position transducer, light source and spectrophotometric unit support, focusing controller, 2 * 1 light path couplers, the reflection ordinary light source, the reflector laser light source, the transmission ordinary light source, the transmission laser light source, light source controller, image registration and control module, power module, computing machine.
Be different from simple microscope and existing micro-ultra-optical spectrum imaging system, all light path part element of system of the present invention can be owing to the spectral range of the former of light path element thereby restriction system image data by seeing through ultraviolet and infrared material consists of.The microscopical imaging optical path multi-pass switch that has been coupled, the multi-pass switch has the standard interface more than four, be coupled to respectively the spectrophotometric unit front end of high resolving power ICCD and different wave length working range, the rear end of each spectrophotometric unit is coupled with ICCD, is respectively applied to the high resolving power ordinary optical image of collecting sample and the single band image of different wave length.The control end of light path control device is connected on the multi-pass switch, and the control input end of light path control device is connected on image registration and the control module, is used for selecting different light paths to arrive each spectrophotometric unit according to measuring needs.The control end of spectrophotometric unit controller is connected respectively to each spectrophotometric unit, controls it and works in different wavelength, and the input end of spectrophotometric unit controller is connected on image registration and the control module, receives the steering order that it sends.Microscopical objective table is fixed on the stage carrier, stage carrier is by accurate thread and drive motor coupling, drive motor is connected on the control end of focusing controller, under the control of focusing controller, drive motor can be according to precalculated adjusted value along with the spectrophotometric unit controller moves up and down objective table to the adjustment of spectrophotometric unit operation wavelength, thereby according to the change of wavelength and change fast imaging focal length, be installed in the positional information that position transducer on the stage carrier can record current objective table.The control end of light source controller is connected respectively to the reflection ordinary light source, the reflector laser light source, the transmission ordinary light source, on four lighting sources of transmission laser light source, wherein reflector laser light source and reflection ordinary light source are introduced microscope by 2 * 1 light path couplers with light path, transmission ordinary light source and transmission laser light source are introduced microscope by another 2 * 1 light path coupler with light path, the input end of light source controller is connected on image registration and the control module, control the work of lighting source according to the control needs of image registration and control module, correspond respectively to transillumination and the indirect illumination of sample.Power module is connected respectively on light path control device, spectrophotometric unit controller, image acquisition units, focusing controller, light source controller, image registration and the control module, for it provides the working power of various voltages.The data transmission that image acquisition units gathers is in image registration and control module, and image registration and control module are realized the Pixel-level registration to the single band image on the one hand, at last the data transmission that gathers is supplied the subsequent treatment analysis to computing machine; The steering order of receiving computer data acquisition software on the other hand, light path control device, spectrophotometric unit controller, image acquisition units and focusing controller to system are controlled according to sequential, make its collaborative work gather out the micro-hyperspectral image data of high-quality.These data had both comprised the space structure information of sample, had also comprised the spectral information of each picture element.By the analysis-by-synthesis to these data, in conjunction with certain Intelligent Recognition analytical algorithm, can further improve the precision that specimen discerning is analyzed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention becomes the wavelength control flow chart of focusing fast.
Embodiment
Embodiment
The below illustrates architectural feature of the present invention take Fig. 1 as embodiment, technical feature and effect.
In the present embodiment, the reflection ordinary light source 1302 of microscope 1, reflector laser light source 1303, the one 2 * 1 light path coupler 1301, transmission ordinary light source 1402, transmission laser light source 1403, the 22 * 1 light path coupler 1401, object lens 20, multi-pass switch 2, the first spectrophotometric unit 401, the second spectrophotometric unit 402, the 3rd spectrophotometric unit 403 become respectively light path to connect, and wherein the employed light path element of whole system is the device that can see through from ultraviolet to infrared whole spectral range.
Be connected to the reflection source input end of microscope 1 after reflection ordinary light source 1302 and reflector laser light source 1303 are coupled by the one 2 * 1 light path coupler 1301, measure normal optical or the LASER Light Source of needs cremasteric reflex according to sample; Be connected to the transmitted light source input end of microscope 1 after transmission ordinary light source 1402 and transmission laser light source 1403 are coupled by the 22 * 1 light path coupler 1401, measure normal optical or the LASER Light Source that needs provide transmission according to sample; The control input end of reflection ordinary light source 1302, reflector laser light source 1303, transmission ordinary light source 1402, transmission laser light source 1403 is connected on the control output end of light source controller 12, the control input end of light source controller 12 is connected on the control output end of image registration and control module 15, and image registration and control module 15 are selected lighting system and the lighting source of microscope 1 by light source controller 12 according to the needs of image data.Reserve the various communication interfaces 16 such as USB, RJ45 on image registration and the control module 15, the data that gather can be outputed to other equipment.
Objective table 9 is fixed on the stage carrier 10, stage carrier 10 is by accurate thread and drive motor 8 couplings, the control input end of drive motor 8 is connected on the output control terminal of focusing controller 11, focusing controller 11 can promote objective table 9 by drive motor 8 as required and realize micron-sized moving up and down, the input end of focusing controller 11 is connected on the output terminal of image registration and control module 15, image registration and control module 15 can calculate the focal length value of each wave band needs compensation adjustment in advance according to the wavelength coverage of intending the collection HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY, realize the compensation of focal lengths during collection by focusing controller 11 control corresponding components.The position transducer 21 that is installed on the stage carrier 10 can record the current location of objective table 9, and can in real time this positional information be transferred to focusing controller 11, for the control of motor provides feedback parameter.
The output control terminal of light path control device 3 is connected on the multi-pass switch 2, control multi-pass switch 2 switches output with the microscope imaging light path between four passages, the control input end of light path control device 3 is connected on the control output end of image registration and control module 15, and multi-pass switch 2 is according to the corresponding imaging optical path of Instruction Selection of image registration and control module 15 spectrophotometric unit to the different operating wavelength coverage; The input end of the first spectrophotometric unit 401, the second spectrophotometric unit 402, the 3rd spectrophotometric unit 403 and the input end of the 4th ICCD 504 are coupled to respectively in four tunnel outputs of multi-pass switch 2, realize respectively light splitting and the direct optical imagery of different wave length; The control end of the first spectrophotometric unit 401, the second spectrophotometric unit 402, the 3rd spectrophotometric unit 403 is connected on the control output end of spectrophotometric unit controller 6, the control input end of spectrophotometric unit controller 6 is connected on the control output end of image registration and control module 15, at image registration and control module 15 according to after gathering needs and having selected different imaging optical paths, by the corresponding spectrophotometric unit work of spectrophotometric unit controller 6 controls, realize the light splitting function; The output terminal of the first spectrophotometric unit 401, the second spectrophotometric unit 402, the 3rd spectrophotometric unit 403 is coupled with respectively an ICCD501, the 2nd ICCD502, the 3rd ICCD503, the output of the one ICCD501, the 2nd ICCD502, the 3rd ICCD503, the 4th ICCD504 is connected on the image acquisition units 7, gray level image and the high resolving power ordinary optical image of record different-waveband; The output terminal of image acquisition units 7 is connected on image registration and the control module 15, carries out the Pixel-level registration by all single band images and the high resolving power ordinary optical image of image registration and 15 pairs of collections of control module in conjunction with acquisition parameter.
Light source and spectrophotometric unit support 18 will reflect respectively ordinary light source 1302, reflector laser light source 1303, the one 2 * 1 light path coupler 1301, transmission ordinary light source 1402, transmission laser light source 1403, the 22 * 1 light path coupler 1401, the first spectrophotometric unit 401, the second spectrophotometric unit 402, the 3rd spectrophotometric unit 403 and be fixed together into as a whole with microscope 1.
Power module 17 is connected on image registration and control module 15, light path control device 3, image acquisition units 7, spectrophotometric unit controller 6, light source controller 12, the focusing controller 11, provides corresponding working power to it; The input end of image registration and control module 15 is connected on the computing machine 19, operational system control and analysis of image data software on the computing machine 19, mode of operation and parameter to image registration and control module 15 arrange, and the data that gather are carried out follow-up intelligent discriminance analysis.
System becomes wavelength and focuses fast flow process as shown in Figure 2, when carrying out data acquisition, at first by the function software that runs on the computing machine 19 data acquisition parameters is set, comprise the spectral range that gathers HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY, spectral resolution, light source types etc. also send to these parameters on image registration and the control module 15, image registration and control module 15 are selected corresponding light source and lighting system according to selected parameter by light source controller 12, by light path control device 3 imaging optical path is switched to the 4th ICCD504, the 4th ICCD504 can directly gather the micro-image that does not pass through light splitting, the gradation of image of 7 pairs of collections of image acquisition units is analyzed and is compared with setting value, if do not meet the demands then by focusing controller 11 continuation moving stages 9, so circulation is until the position of objective table 9 reaches requirement, namely can blur-free imaging, the position by the current objective table 9 of position transducer 21 records then.
By light path control device 3 imaging optical path is switched to an ICCD501 light path, under the control of spectrophotometric unit controller 6, make the first spectrophotometric unit 401 work in its initial scanning wavelength position, use an ICCD501 to gather single band image under the current wavelength, use simultaneously identical method to adjust objective table 9 until the single band image definition reaches requirement and records the position of objective table 9; Stage position that can blur-free imaging when using identical step switching imaging light path to obtain respectively the initial wavelength of the second spectrophotometric unit 402, the 3rd spectrophotometric unit 403, it is that follow-up automatic collection is used that these location parameters are recorded as initial acquisition parameter.
Calculate when light wavelength changes according to lambert's Bill theorem, the value that the microscope imaging focal length should compensate and with its as parameter table stores in image registration and control module 15, when formally beginning automatically to gather, at first select corresponding imaging optical path according to the facilities of acquisition parameter, make spectrophotometric unit work in the wavelength of setting by spectrophotometric unit controller 6, image registration and control module 15 are poor according to work at present wavelength and initial wavelength, the position of objective table 9 during initial wavelength, position in conjunction with the change wavelength focal length compensation value calculation work at present wavelength objective table 9 that prestores, thereby move to assigned address by focusing controller 11 control objective tables 9 and realize rapid focus, image acquisition units 7 gathers single band image and the storage of current wavelength by ICCD, revise the operation wavelength of spectrophotometric unit according to the spectral resolution that arranges, use simultaneously identical method to continue to calculate and adjust the position of objective table, all gather complete until set the interior all single band images of spectral range.With the image data transmission that gathers in image registration and control module 15, according to the change wavelength focal length offset that prestores all single band images are carried out the Pixel-level registration, remove because the impact that focal length variations causes data spectrum dimension, to computing machine 9, use the Intelligent Recognition analysis software to carry out follow-up processing and analysis the data transmission behind the registration.
The present invention has realized the more micro-Hyper spectral Imaging of wide spectral range by the spectrophotometric unit that uses a plurality of different operating wavelength coverages; The automatic focusing of Mintrop wave section when using new algorithm to realize that data begin to gather according to gradation of image difference; Calculate in advance the focal length offset according to lambert's Bill theorem, the control objective table moves and has solved in the gatherer process because the quick compensation problem of zoom that wavelength variations causes; Realize the flexible collocation of multiple lighting system by the coupling of various light sources, can measure biological self-lighting and LASER Excited Fluorescence imaging; In conjunction with respective algorithms single band image and the high-resolution optical image that gathers carried out the Pixel-level registration by the real time record acquisition parameter, eliminated because the spectrum dimension error that zoom causes.The present invention has realized having according to focus the fast broadband micro-imaging spectroscopic system of control and image registration function of wavelength variations, this system can provide abundanter sample information, has a good application prospect in fields such as biological medicine, nanosecond science and technology.