CN102278948A - Compound optical fiber sensing monitoring system and method based on optical fiber compound sensing module - Google Patents
Compound optical fiber sensing monitoring system and method based on optical fiber compound sensing module Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of realizing deformation and motion direction synchronous measurement by using an optical fiber device, and discloses a compound optical fiber sensing monitoring system based on an optical fiber compound sensing module. The system comprises an optical fiber compound sensing module and a signal analyzing device for analyzing the optical fiber compound sensing module, wherein the optical fiber compound sensing module is used for being embedded in a monitored object and obtaining a motion and deformation signal of the monitored object. The invention also discloses a monitoring method of the system, which comprises the steps of: determining a basic material property parameter of the monitored object needing monitoring, determining various parameters of the system; drilling the monitored object, embedding the optical fiber compound sensing module and grouting for fixing, numbering each optical fiber, recording a position and an initial stroke of each optical fiber tom fool knot; and remotely acquiring and analyzing a signal acquired by the optical fiber compound sensing module by the signal analyzing device for judging whether the optical fiber compound sensing module is stressed or the judging the stress direction, and inversely computing the deformation of the monitored object according to the acquired signal and judging the stability of the monitored object.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to adopt fiber device to realize the technical field of distortion and direction of motion synchro measure, particularly a kind of composite fiber sensing and monitoring system and monitoring method thereof based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module.
Background technology
China is vast in territory, and 70% area is the mountain region, and geographical conditions are very complicated, and side slope unstability disaster generation frequency height such as landslide, disaster-stricken wide are one of the most serious disaster-stricken countries of geologic hazard in the world.According to statistics, nearly 180,000 of geologic hazards such as side slope unstability, surface collapse, ground fissure take place in China altogether over nearly 5 years, people's death surplus causing 2800, nearly 2500 people are injured, and the people is missing more than 500, nearly 16,000,000,000 yuan of direct economic loss, had a strong impact on the people's the security of the lives and property, therefore, set up effective monitoring network, prediction in time and protection and become resisting nature disaster, the important channel of disaster mitigation loss.
Yet, but according to statistics, number of times and ratio that these geologic hazards of China's successful predicting in nearly 5 years take place are instability development situation, the equal less than of the quantity of annual successful predicting thousand times, and 2007 are the highest, and 920 times, ratio reaches 3.6%; 2006 minimum, and successful ratio only has 0.5%, and nearly 5 years successful monitoring rate examples on average also only is 1.4%.This is that the general geological condition in disaster area is more complicated all because China mountain area, knob are many to a great extent; And some core technology of some monitoring methods is limited by abroad, due to the reasons such as some monitoring instruments or auxilliary material expense height.Therefore, on the one hand we should strengthen the monitoring to slope stability, avoid the generation of the landslide geologic hazard of etc.ing, will accelerate on the other hand that auxilliary material price is low, testing is convenient, monitor the not high technology of cost and the research of method.
Monitoring technology commonly used has geophysical method, close-shot photography measure technique, " 3S " technology, tiltmeter technology, strain tube technology, Time Domain Reflectometry technology etc., these technology can not realize simultaneously all that auxilliary material is cheap, distributed, real-time, long-haul telemetry, higher initial measurement precision is arranged and judge landslide direction of motion, make said method limited in the application of slope monitoring.
Optical fiber sensing technology be a kind of be carrier with light, be that media comes the physics of sensing outside, the sensing technology of chemical parameters with optical fiber.When light source sends pump light along Optical Fiber Transmission, the isoparametric change of temperature, pressure, electric field, displacement, flow velocity that acts on the external world of optical fiber surface can make characteristic parameters such as the phase place of light wave, intensity (power), amplitude, wavelength change, thereby can measure our interested parameter by the outgoing light wave is resolved accordingly.
Optical fiber sensing technology relies on Fibre Optical Sensor to finish.Compare with traditional sensor and to have significant advantage: anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), electrical isolation, weight is little, and is highly sensitive, and cost is low, long transmission distance; In addition, Fibre Optical Sensor also have bandwidth, can be integrated, advantage such as transmission speed is very fast and can solve many in the past machine classes, the insurmountable technological difficulties problem of electrical sensor.
At present, Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) monitoring technology, optical time domain reflection technology (OTDR) and Brillouin's optical time domain reflection technology (BOTDR) based on concentric cable are the focuses of domestic research, but these several technology are when being used for the stability of slope monitoring, defectiveness all separately, wherein, it is poor that TDR makes time spent susceptibility in no shearing force, can not judge load direction of motion, is difficult to use in initial precision height, measurement occasion that stroke is big; OTDR has high initial precision in application, but present application is difficult to realize wide range and direction deciding; Though and BOTDR has the advantage that the light signal loss is little, range finding is long, and simple optical fiber is cheap, can determine the position of distortion more easily, it is less that it measures stroke, and realizing also awaiting research aspect the direction deciding.
Existing Optical Fiber Composite sensing module has designed three devices in the hope of realizing higher initial precision, bigger measurement stroke and to the judgement of direction of motion on each loading end.It need be equipped with equipment such as light source, spectrometer (or frequency spectrograph) and OTDR simultaneously, and difficult in actual applications the realization is also very inconvenient; And the grouting material between module and the boring, very big to the bond stress of installing itself as sand-cement slurry, concrete etc., this can have a strong impact on the realization of device to expectation function.
Therefore, existing composite fiber sensing and monitoring system also is difficult to realize expectation function.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of composite fiber sensing and monitoring system, use simple, convenient based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module comprises
The Optical Fiber Composite sensing module is used to be embedded in the measured body, obtains the signal of measured body motion and distortion;
The signal analysis and processing device is used to analyze the signal that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains.
Further, described Optical Fiber Composite sensing module comprises base material and the optical fiber structure that is arranged at substrate surface.
Further, described optical fiber structure comprises the sleeve pipe I that optical fiber and optical fiber are with outward.
Further, described sleeve pipe I comprises free section and anchoring section, and the sleeve pipe I of described free section also is provided with sleeve pipe II outward, and the sleeve pipe I of described anchoring section is provided with the anchor block that is used for anchoring.
Further, the material of described base material is swelling property polyester vinyl or Polyvinylchloride.
Further, described base material xsect is a square, respectively is provided with 1 optical fiber structure on four lateral surfaces of base material respectively along its length.
Further, an end of described optical fiber structure has the bowknot that extends outside the base material, and the other end has free optical fiber.
Further, the optical fiber in the described Optical Fiber Composite sensing module in each optical fiber structure is connected by the signal input part of optical cable with the signal analysis and processing device, and described signal analysis and processing device is OTDR optical time domain reflectometer or BOTDR Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer.
Further, also comprise the field signal acquisition emitter, described field signal acquisition emitter is gathered signal and the transmission that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains, described composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module also comprises signal decipher device, described signal decipher device is used to receive the signal of field signal acquisition emitter emission, after the decipher, output to the signal analysis and processing device, the signal analysis and processing device is judged the steady state (SS) of measured body according to the deflection of the signal inverse measured body that obtains.
The present invention also discloses a kind of monitoring method of above-mentioned composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, comprises the steps:
1) definite basic material property parameter that needs the measured body of monitoring, material, cross sectional dimensions and the fiber optic protection form of the size of definite boring and arrangement form, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module;
2) on measured body, hole, imbed Optical Fiber Composite sensing module and grouted solid, give each root optical fiber numbering, write down every optical fiber bowknot position and initial stroke;
3) obtain, analyze the signal that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains by the signal analysis and processing device is long-range,, judge the steady state (SS) of measured body according to the deflection of the signal inverse measured body that obtains.
The present invention adopts newly-designed Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, makes the application of total system convenient, simple, with low cost, and can eliminate the grip force of mortar to optical fiber, improves monitoring accuracy.The base material that adopts is simple, cheap.Base material is common commercial swelling property polyester vinyl or EPS, polyvinylchloride material, do not need special processing and produce, xsect be 50mm x50mm, wood property preferably EPS base material market price only be 0.1-0.15 unit/m.The present invention is simple to operate, enforcement is convenient.During to a measured body testing, surveying instrument only needs 1 optical time domain reflection (OTDR) instrument or BOTDR Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer, the base material of some length, optical fiber and fiber optic protection sleeve pipe.Its enforcement is: paste the sleeve pipe of protection optical fiber on the base material of moulding, afterwards optical fiber is penetrated in the every sleeve pipe, connect the OTDR instrument again after can being welded into 1 to the optical fiber on 4 faces with optical fiber splicer; Also available wavelength division multiplexer forms the optical fiber combination on 4 faces again 1 optical fiber and is connected to the OTDR instrument.In addition, the present invention has better detection effect, because ferrule is provided with stiff end and free end, stiff end guarantees that sleeve pipe is firm with the grouting material bonding, distortion is consistent, free end then guarantees sleeve pipe and interior optical fiber free movement thereof, be not subjected to the influence of grouting material bond stress, really realize the synchronous monitoring of information such as measured body distortion.And, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module among the present invention only need respectively be provided with an optical fiber on each face of base material, can realize to measured body high initial measurement precision, big measurement stroke and dynamic range are arranged, to the judgement of load direction, simple in structure, failure rate is low.
Other advantages of the present invention, target and feature will be set forth to a certain extent in the following description, and to a certain extent, based on being conspicuous to those skilled in the art, perhaps can obtain instruction from the practice of the present invention to investigating hereinafter.Target of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by following instructions and claims.
Description of drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation based on the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module;
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module test test specimen.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module comprises
The Optical Fiber Composite sensing module can distributedly be provided with a plurality ofly, is embedded in the measured body, obtains the signal of measured body motion and distortion;
The signal analysis and processing device is used to analyze the signal that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains.
Optical fiber in the described Optical Fiber Composite sensing module in each optical fiber structure can be connected by the signal input part of optical cable with the signal analysis and processing device, and described signal analysis and processing device is OTDR optical time domain reflectometer or BOTDR Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer.Also can adopt another kind of mode, be that the optical fiber in each optical fiber structure is electrically connected with the signal input part of field signal acquisition emitter in the described Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, described field signal acquisition emitter is gathered signal and the transmission that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains, described composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module also comprises remote monitoring center, described remote monitoring center is provided with signal decipher device and signal analysis and processing device, described signal decipher device is used to receive the signal of field signal acquisition emitter emission, after the decipher, output to the signal analysis and processing device, the signal analysis and processing device is judged the steady state (SS) of measured body according to the deflection of the signal inverse measured body that obtains.Above-mentioned dual mode also can use simultaneously.
Referring to Fig. 2, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module in the present embodiment composite fiber sensing and monitoring system, comprise base material 1, the shape and size of described base material 1 can be selected as required, base material 1 xsect of present embodiment is a square, the material of described base material can be selected according to the wood property parameter of measured body, swelling property polyester vinyl plasticity is big, softer, be suitable for the situation that the measured body wood property is looser, intensity is not high, and Polyvinylchloride needs on-site consolidation, intensity, rigidity are bigger, be suitable for harder, the closely knit situation of measured body, the material that also can select other to be fit to.
Respectively be provided with 1 optical fiber structure 7 on four lateral surfaces of base material 1 respectively along its length, described optical fiber structure 7 comprises the sleeve pipe I 3 of optical fiber 2 and optical fiber overcoat, as better embodiment, described sleeve pipe I 3 comprises free section 31 and anchoring section 32, the sleeve pipe I of described anchoring section is provided with the anchor block 6 that is used for anchoring, the sleeve pipe I 3 outer sleeve pipe II 4 that also are provided with of described free section, described optical fiber structure also comprises the bowknot 5 that extends outside the base material, sleeve pipe I is an anchoring section 32 near an end of bowknot 5, and the other end is free section 31.Sleeve pipe I and sleeve pipe II are capillary tubing or plastic tube.
The monitoring method based on the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of present embodiment comprises the steps:
1) definite measured bodies such as side slope that need monitoring, by basic material property parameters such as the intensity on-the-spot, that laboratory examination is determined measured body, packing, water percentage, cohesive force, angle of internal friction, determine material, cross sectional dimensions and the fiber optic protection form of the size of boring and arrangement form (straight hole or inclined hole), Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to these parameters;
2) in case boring is buried the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module underground after finishing immediately, the fixed fiber stroke measuring device, and give every optical fiber numbering, write down the bowknot position and the initial stroke of every optical fiber;
3) be connected to the synthetic optical cable of optical fibre set on the signal analysis and processing device of remote monitoring center by the mode of burying underground, or signal pickup assembly, emitter are installed at the scene, receive processing at remote monitoring center, by the signal analysis and processing device of remote monitoring center deflection, judge the steady state (SS) of measured body according to the signal inverse measured body that obtains.
By on four optical fiber among Fig. 3, right, down, left order number consecutively is No. 1-No. 4, then the principle of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module monitoring is as follows among the present invention: if by No. 1 optical fiber near the near-end of detector and No. 3 optical fiber are arranged in the mode of far-end, when considering according to post shear failure pattern, No. 1 outer sleeve pipe of optical fiber produces shear stress at first so, and with tension; Be that No. 2 outer sleeve pipe, No. 4 outer sleeve pipes of optical fiber of optical fiber are subjected to shear stress afterwards; No. 3 the outer sleeve pipe of optical fiber can only postpone the transmitting portions shearing because of the EPS material is too soft, thus stressed minimum, also the latest.Because sleeve pipe is fixing below glide plane, glide plane is above free, and its suffered power must cause the slip of free end sleeve pipe.And be installed with optical fiber in the sleeve pipe, and the stressed optical fiber of will passing to of sleeve pipe, its motion also will cause the optical fiber slippage, thereby make free end optical fiber bowknot size dwindle, and optical fiber curvature strengthens, and then produces microbending loss, and is caught by the OTDR instrument.Therefore, can determine the direction of motion of load, promptly move to No. 3 optical fiber directions from No. 1 optical fiber according to the priority that optical fiber produces loss.
Below be the double shear test of the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of present embodiment:
Make three groups of test specimens, the xsect of described test specimen as shown in Figure 3, test specimen comprises the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module and is coated at its outer UPVC pipe 8, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module and 8 of UPVC pipes are perfused with grouting material 9, described base material adopts the EPS material, sleeve pipe adopts capillary tubing, and the EPS material correlation parameter of employing is as follows:
Test test specimen parameter detail list
Test adopts the 10kN universal testing machine to load, the fibre loss of TFP2A Fiber Master type OTDR instrument record, the vertical displacement of dial gauge record load(ing) point.From bowknot end 10cm peripheral hardware bowknot baffle plate so that the travel position of record bowknot when motion optical fiber.By on four optical fiber among Fig. 3, right, down, left order number consecutively is 1#-4#, determines the position of every optical fiber before the test earlier by the mode of change bowknot size with the OTDR instrument.Reserve between the every optical fiber and be no less than the long free optical fiber of 30m.
For making test specimen do shearing motion, moving two bearings distance is 13cm; Testing machine press body sectional dimension is Ф 110, cuts 20mm with cutting machine at the test specimen middle part along the test specimen periphery and induces 2 of seams, spacing 13cm deeply.For of the influence of research sand-cement slurry bond stress, establish 2 capillary tubing 5#, 6# that do not wear optical fiber to the capillary tubing motion.
Test findings is as follows:
Annotate: the optical fiber range is meant the stroke of correspondence when fibre loss is saturated, is not the final stroke of optical fiber slippage.Down together.
Each test specimen initial measurement precision, dynamic range guide look
By this part result as can be known,
The influence of A, grouting material intensity.(a) along with the reduction of grouting material intensity, the integrality that test specimen destroys back grouting body under load(ing) point is variation also, and 1: 1 test specimen is the most complete, 1: 3 then be broken into several bulks.(b) with reference to the steel pipe amount of recovery have only test specimen 3 greater than 2#, 3#, 4# optical fiber, also, differ from 22% near the retraction of 1# optical fiber; Test specimen 1 and test specimen 2 all only greater than 3# optical fiber, the gap of itself and 1# reaches 40% and 27% respectively.And in test specimen 1 with reference to steel pipe even fracture.Because bond stress and its intensity positive correlation of mortar, and the intensity maximum of test specimen 1, the minimum of test specimen 3, this shows that promptly grouting material intensity has certain influence to the bond stress of capillary tubing to the motion of steel pipe.
The capillary tubing amount of recovery and the optical fiber range of B, three kinds of test specimens are about the same, but stroke is all much smaller than the load(ing) point vertical displacement, and this is because steel pipe has partly entered the EPS base material on the one hand; Then be because the bond stress of sand-cement slurry has been offset the shearing force that partly adds but then.
C, three kinds of test specimens all have initial preferably precision and certain movement travel and dynamic range, have illustrated that this device can be used for the monitoring of detrusion.
D, three kinds of test specimens all be 1# optical fiber the earliest, loss takes place in 3# the latest; Except that the 1# optical fiber stroke of test specimen 1 a little less than the 4#, test specimen 2,3 all are 1# maximums, this has illustrated that promptly this specimen test can judge that load direction of motion is from 1# → 3#.
Based on the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, its mode is by in tested side slope body boring, buries the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module underground, and testing.According to lab simulation, in-site modeling test findings, this technology should be noted following main points in concrete monitoring is used:
1. the form of holing
Boring is to bury the necessary condition that Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of the present invention, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module sensor monitoring technology are able to smooth implementation underground.As previously mentioned, boring generally has upright opening and two kinds of forms of inclined hole, now its relative merits and the scope of application is summarized as follows.Should select rational boring form according to the concrete condition of measured body.
Different boring form relative merits and scope of application guide look
2. bore size and grouting material
Grouting material generally adopts the concrete or the sand-cement slurry of different intensity grades according to borehole circumference rock soil mass proterties.Grouting material is to transmit the intermediate carrier of the mechanical information of tested rock soil mass to the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, the selection of its strength and stiffness is the mechanics that concern the tested rock soil mass of accurate measurement, displacement information, judge one of key factor that the landslide forms, along with the formed grouting body of the increase of bore diameter strength and stiffness also continue to increase, can not improve (particularly to the loose or weak soil body) because of the existence of well cementing body or weaken (particularly to harder rock mass) intensity of peripheral rock soil mass, thereby change intrinsic sliding property and the motion state of measured body self.
There is the scholar once to utilize concentric cable that 4 other place's side slopes of highway have been arranged 4 borings respectively abroad, adopt 4 kinds of concentric cable to carry out site test, each bore diameter is Φ 100mm, spacing is 3m, according to peripheral soil strength, 75psi and two kinds of grouting materials of 175psi have been imbedded with reference to the method for Dowding and Mikkelson, find at last, too soft grouting material has just begun to slide in rock soil mass and just can not continue carrying soon again, lost transmission capacity to external loads and displacement, and when tested rock soil mass directly contacts with concentric cable, could begin monitoring, just there is monitoring information to occur after half boring that caused tested rock soil mass slippage; Too hard grouting material then can splitting tested rock soil mass at the volley, and the scapus that promptly is in the milk is broken measured body, make in it concentric cable almost perception cause its almost not reaction in whole observation process less than the slip of tested rock soil mass.
The inventor proves that by experiment grouting material and suitable boring size are to the high initial precision of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, big measurement stroke and the importance of dynamic range.Therefore, at specific measured body, reasonably determine bore size, grouting material and strength and stiffness thereof.
3. free optical fiber and tail optical fiber requirement
For guaranteeing monitoring effect, before monitoring, must could guarantee that two readings between the measuring point are not submerged at the free optical fiber of reserving between two testing limits more than tens of meters long.Staying of free optical fiber established, select preferably beyond doubt with the form of secondary dish fibre.
And the fine diameter of dish can not be too little, and to the optical fiber of different batches, its value should be passed through test and determine; In addition, optical fiber is answered marshalling in the process of dish, every layer should by a direction after intact again around one deck down, can not allow the mutual spreading of optical fiber, in order to avoid produce microbending loss.
The data drift that can cause OTDR to measure owing to the variation of tail optical fiber length causes reading inaccurate, therefore protects tail optical fiber not because of extraneous factor changes optical fiber, and particularly the physical length of tail optical fiber just seems particularly important.
4. Optical Fiber Composite sensing module base material and fiber optic protection mode
The form of base material and xsect size thereof also are one of key factors that concerns monitoring effect.As long as its base material requires of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of the present invention design has certain intensity and rigidity, can form the space cube shaped all can, the space that this just provides extensive variation for the material and the shape of base material.The inventor is by to 2 kinds of base materials---and the experimental result of EPS and PVC plate shows, PVC plate substrate intensity, rigidity are big, it cuts up the big of loading ratio EPS base material under the situation of identical grouting material, be brittle rupture, and little more obvious of the big ratio size of this effect substrate sizes, detectors such as other sound, electricity can be placed in the formed inner space of PVC plate assembly; And EPS base material self promptly is a cuboid, does not need on-site consolidation, and being not easy to make its surperficial capillary tubing is that external loads cuts up, the big sensitivity of ratio that substrate sizes is little, but it has increased the external damage load simultaneously again.
Optical fiber is holed at the scene, is in the milk and do not add very easily brittle failure and make monitoring unsuccessful of protection under the operating condition.Therefore, it should be protected to guarantee the monitoring success ratio.It is not unique form for the fiber optic protection material that the present invention adopts the Stainless Steel Capillary steel pipe; and its strength and stiffness can be strengthened the very little EPS base material of rigidity; capillary tubing has entered the grouting material in the UPVC pipe---in " sand ", and all appearance in breadboard anti-folding, double shear, simple shear test and in-site modeling test of this phenomenon.Because the effect of capillary tubing promptly is a protection optical fiber; therefore; when base material is carried out suitability for industrialized production at its surface groove; encapsulation at the construction field (site); this can protect optical fiber not destroy in construction on the one hand; also cost-saved on the one hand, the while is not improved the strength and stiffness of base material, is " arrow three carvings ".
Therefore; to specific side slope; must understand the wood property of tested rock soil mass earlier; determine parameters such as its shearing strength, angle of friction, compaction coefficient, severe, water percentage as much as possible; determine base material form and the size and the fiber optic protection mode of bore size suitable, coupling, grouting material intensity, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module again, to finish the monitoring task.
The Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of the present invention design and be applicable to based on the slope monitoring system of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module:
1. measured body can be holed.The monitoring system that the present invention sets up is based on that boring finishes, and therefore requires measured body can implement boring, and higher one-tenth porosity is arranged.
2. the laying form of field monitoring optical fiber.When monitoring at the scene, still can outside boring, imbed in the boring again behind the splicing Optical Fiber Composite sensing module to shallow failure, but deep-level landslide then must the splicing of finishing device in boring, and this just can not guarantee that optical fiber spliced, buries underground intact in the process by former arrangement form installing.Therefore,, when particularly deep-level landslide is monitored, should not wear all capillary tubings with same optical fiber, and should wear 1 optical fiber by every steel pipe, with wavelength division multiplexer optical fiber connected into an interface at the side slope top and be connected to the OTDR instrument for field monitoring.
3. early warning monitoring.As previously mentioned, its initial measurement precision of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of the present invention's design is 1-2mm, dynamic range is generally 0-30mm, increase range and dynamic range although change the wood property of base material of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module and sectional dimension, this range still seems not enough for those side slopes that all may not can come down up to 100mm.Therefore, early stage, early warning monitoring that device of the present invention and monitoring system can be used to come down, and should not be used for the monitoring that meeting produces large deformation.
4. the detection of glide plane.Because OTDR itself has good distance demarcation property, thereby when acting on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, external load can cause the optical fiber generation loss of acting surface position to be predicted its position by OTDR.As long as the precision of OTDR instrument enough high (more than the centimetre-sized), know that the optical fiber of burying this device underground just can determine the degree of depth of glide plane in the position of boring end face in advance.
Below be the simple shear test of the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of present embodiment:
The bond stress of having found grouting material in double shear test has bigger containment effect to the motion and the distortion of capillary tubing, therefore, in the simple shear test, sleeve pipe I comprises free section and anchoring section, the sleeve pipe I of described anchoring section is provided with the anchor block that is used for anchoring, the sleeve pipe I of described free section also is provided with sleeve pipe II outward, because sleeve pipe I moves in sleeve pipe II, this may lose the initial precision 1mm of test specimen monitoring, but this loss can be tolerated, and use the littler sleeve pipe II of external diameter instead and can reduce this loss.
Make grouting body test specimen, and in test specimen, establish 1 with reference to steel pipe 5#, the following expression of test specimen parameter.Bowknot baffle plate and sliding end be fixed together be in horizontality when guaranteeing record optical fiber slip length all the time.Adopt free optical fiber setting between instrument, optical fiber coding rule, optical fiber in the test, induce the seam degree of depth etc. all to test with double shear.
Test specimen parameter detail list
Each test specimen initial measurement precision, range, dynamic range guide look
From the simple shear test result as can be seen,
A, see that totally the test findings of simple shear test specimen is better than double shear test specimen, foundation of this explanation simple shear test specimen is successful.
B, test specimen 2 have bigger measurement stroke than test specimen 1, and promptly its external displacement accommodation is bigger, and this mainly is because the EPS base material sectional dimension of test specimen 2 is bigger, and it is farther that steel pipe enters behind the base material distance of slip.
C, test specimen 1 have higher initial measurement precision.1 four optical fiber of test specimen produce all little than test specimen 2 of the pairing load(ing) point vertical displacements of 0.1dB loss, its the highest initial precision reaches 1mm, maximum movement travel is 23.6mm, and this moment, optical fiber did not rupture, its movement travel also can further increase, just the not further test because the lossy data of 3#, 4# optical fiber is saturated; And the 1# of test specimen 1,2# optical fiber dynamic range are especially up to 0-20mm and 0-21.1mm.
D, two kinds of test specimens are very approaching with reference to the neck-in and the load(ing) point vertical displacement of steel pipe, differ and are respectively 3.5% and 2.7%; Then little a lot of than load(ing) point displacement at the optical fiber stroke of base material periphery, particularly 3# and 1# optical fiber are because the influence of base material makes the gap of itself and load(ing) point vertical displacement surpass 30% and 20% respectively.
E, two kinds of test specimens all be 1# optical fiber the earliest, 2# and 4# takes second place, loss takes place 3# the latest, this has illustrated that promptly this test specimen can judge that load direction of motion is from 1# → 3# fibre movement.
The influence of F, base material.Two kinds of test specimen mortar mix ratios are identical, although the length of time in when test difference owing to induce the existence of seam to make mortar strength reduce much to the influence of fibre loss.But the base material sectional dimension of 2 kinds of test specimens differs bigger.From the above analysis, the test specimen 1 that substrate sizes is little is subjected to its size impact littler, has the more performance performance.Therefore, under range permission situation, should adopt test specimen 1; If 4 optical fiber adopt WDM device to be connected in parallel on 1 ODTR instrument, then can adopt the big test specimen of substrate sizes 2 to improve its range and dynamic range.
The comparison of other photoelectric monitor technology of the present invention:
1. sensor monitoring system
Press sensing element and distributed monitoring situation, with above-mentioned photoelectric technology be divided into TDR sensor monitoring system based on concentric cable, based on the quasi-distributed system of optical fiber (grating) with based on the distributed system of optical fiber.Based on the point type system of optical fiber (grating) because of the monitoring point use very little fewer and feweri.
Hence one can see that, and the monitoring system that the present invention sets up comes down to utilize the comprehensive of TDR and distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring system.
2. monitoring parameter index
TDR technology based on concentric cable is more in U.S.'s application, and domestic scholars was also carried out correlative study, and the price of domestic material is very cheap, but differing of the performance and the U.S. is bigger, expression specific as follows.
The U.S. and Chinese concentric cable parameter and performance complete list
Illustrate:
*Press dollar: Renminbi=calculate at 6.7: 1
Than TDR technology and other monitoring methods based on Fibre Optical Sensor, following expression, the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of the present invention's development is done bending test, indoor simple shear test, the result shows higher initial measurement precision, optical fiber stroke when OTDR instrument loss reading surpasses 0.1dB is respectively 2.3mm, 1mm, than single fiber height, lower than concentric cable; Bigger measurement stroke and dynamic range are arranged, and the range corresponding with initial precision is respectively 26.5mm and 21mm, and its dynamic range is respectively 0-23.2mm and 0-20mm, far above single fiber.
The initial measurement precision of several monitoring methods, range and dynamic range contrast
3. economic index
The method that can be used for slope stability monitoring by the form of mating formation, burying underground has single fiber, fiber grating, concentric cable, tiltmeter etc., and material cost of burying underground is following shows for it:
Five kinds of auxilliary material economic target complete lists of method
Annotate:
*Refer to the PVC material,
§Refer to the ABS material,
#Refer to aluminum alloy material
The Optical Fiber Composite sensing module of the present invention's design is a sensing element by cheap common G652B bare fibre; The material that EPS, PVC plate etc. have certain strength and stiffness, can constitute cube shaped is a base material; For protection optical fiber is not destroyed in test, process of deployment, guarantee to be laid to power, also designed 4 Ф, 1 Stainless Steel Capillary steel pipe; And necessary auxiliary materials such as glue constitute, its cost is very low, 1 yuan/m of about Renminbi, in case and batch production produce base material, carve optic fibre channel guide at EPS base material, PVC plate on the surface, and establish connector and be convenient to on-site consolidation and then can save capillary tubing and further reduce cost.
In view of the above as can be known, the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module among the present invention has very high economy, and only than bare fibre price height, use suits large area to popularize.
4. lay problem
The deviational survey pipe is as long as attention manages alignment up and down when laying and what laying problem guide groove does not vertically just exist.Concentric cable is owing to be made up of materials such as copper core, PVC coverings, and its toughness is very high, because water can cause the concentric cable short circuit, will note waterproof when therefore laying; And, must guarantee the vertical of concentric cable when therefore laying because bending can cause the Characteristic Impedance of Coaxial Cables change.And it is quite different based on the method for optical fiber.The crowd knows that bare fibre has certain tensile strength, but very easily fractures; Grating is engraved in the optical fiber, the problem that fractures that still exists bare fibre to mat formation; Because the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module among the present invention is provided with the Stainless Steel Capillary steel pipe with big rigidity and elastic modulus, this can protect optical fiber not to be destroyed in well cementing, process of deployment well.If EPS or PVC base material are produced in industrialization in batch, then can on base material, slot earlier or reserving hole, this not only is beneficial to on-the-spot the laying, accelerates on-the-spot laying progress, also can reduce cost.Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the aim and the scope of the technical program, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. based on the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, it is characterized in that: comprise
The Optical Fiber Composite sensing module is used to be embedded in the measured body, obtains the signal of measured body motion and distortion; And
The signal analysis and processing device is used to analyze the signal that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains.
2. the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described Optical Fiber Composite sensing module comprises base material and is arranged at the optical fiber structure of substrate surface
3. the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described optical fiber structure comprises the sleeve pipe I that optical fiber and optical fiber are with outward.
4. the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sleeve pipe I comprises free section and anchoring section, the sleeve pipe I of described free section also is provided with sleeve pipe II outward, and the sleeve pipe I of described anchoring section is provided with the anchor block that is used for anchoring.
5. the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the material of described base material is swelling property polyester vinyl or Polyvinylchloride.
6. the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described base material xsect respectively is provided with 1 optical fiber structure respectively along its length for square on four lateral surfaces of base material.
7. the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module according to claim 2 is characterized in that: an end of described optical fiber structure has the bowknot that extends outside the base material, and the other end has free optical fiber.
8. according to each described composite fiber sensing and monitoring system in the claim 2 to 7 based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, it is characterized in that: the optical fiber in the described Optical Fiber Composite sensing module in each optical fiber structure is connected by the signal input part of optical cable with the signal analysis and processing device, and described signal analysis and processing device is OTDR optical time domain reflectometer or BOTDR Brillouin light time-domain reflectomer.
9. according to each described composite fiber sensing and monitoring system in the claim 2 to 7 based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module, it is characterized in that: also comprise the field signal acquisition emitter, described field signal acquisition emitter is gathered signal and the transmission that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains, described composite fiber sensing and monitoring system based on the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module also comprises signal decipher device, described signal decipher device is used to receive the signal of field signal acquisition emitter emission, after the decipher, output to the signal analysis and processing device, described signal analysis and processing device is judged the steady state (SS) of measured body according to the deflection of the signal inverse measured body that obtains.
As described in the claim 1-9 based on the monitoring method of the composite fiber sensing and monitoring system of Optical Fiber Composite sensing module: comprise the steps:
1) definite basic material property parameter that needs the measured body of monitoring, material, cross sectional dimensions and the fiber optic protection form of the size of definite boring and arrangement form, Optical Fiber Composite sensing module;
2) on measured body, hole, imbed Optical Fiber Composite sensing module and grouted solid, give each root optical fiber numbering, write down every optical fiber bowknot position and initial stroke;
3) obtain, analyze the signal that the Optical Fiber Composite sensing module obtains by the signal analysis and processing device is long-range, the deflection of inverse measured body is judged the steady state (SS) of measured body.
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