CN102269413B - Garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device which comprises a first-layer over-fire air nozzle, a second-layer over-fire air nozzle, an over-fire air pipe and an over-fire air door, wherein the two layers of over-fire air nozzles are arranged on the bottom positions of front and back walls of the furnace hearth, the over-fire air nozzles are horizontally arranged, half of the nozzles are arranged vertical to the furnace hearth and half nozzles are deflected by a designed angle, so that the leading and driving effect of high-speed jet flow can be utilized, flue gas can be impelled to generate spiral ascending air flow, air flow disturbance in the furnace hearth can be strengthened, and flue gas route and residence time of flue gas can be effectively prolonged and full decomposition of harmful gases such as dioxins and the like can be ensured. The application of the over-fire air also aims at distributing air on a basis of classification, improving burn-off rate and reducing the generation amount of NOx. The invention can solve the problems of insufficient flue gas residence time, high fly ash combustible content and low burn-off rate and the like existing in the garbage incinerator which is not installed with the over-fire air device or only adopts vertical furnace wall injection as an over-fire air arrangement mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to garbage combustion device, particularly garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device.
Background technology
Over nearly 20 years, China's Municipal Domestic Garbage Output high speed development, be the prerequisite of environment sustainable development to the harmless treatment of rubbish.The waste incineration and generating electricity technology has innoxious, minimizing, and the characteristics of resource, have good environmental benefit and social benefit, is one of optimal selection to comprehensive garbage disposal.The Chinese government carries forward vigorously development waste incineration and generating electricity technology, and incineration treatment of garbage presents the impetus of rapid growth in China.In Guangdong, Jiangsu and zhejiang and other places all build or bulky refuse incineration plant under preparation successively.
To large scale development, unit group treating capacity constantly increases along with urban domestic garbage incinerator; Simultaneously, garbage incineration technology improve gradually and ripe, make the problems such as the efficiency that is concerned about the incineration treatment of garbage process and environmental protection more.The air stratification combustion technology has been widely used in the various types of coal-burning boilers of thermal power plant, by reasonable disposition after-flame wind, reduces NO
xDischarge.For urban domestic garbage incinerator, for the completing combustion that guarantees combustible granules in inner flue gas of the stove with control better NO
xGeneration, the application of after-flame wind (OFA) seems and becomes more and more important, at present part newly-built or build in the large size city domestic waste incineration be furnished with combustion exhausted wind apparatus.
Airborne N
2At high temperature could and O
2The generation thermal NO reacts
x.When the oxygen content in combustion chamber high temperature zone is not enough, the NO of generation
xNature will reduce.And enter in the burner hearth that is provided with combustion exhausted wind apparatus, on after-flame wind sheaf space due to the reduction of temperature, N
2And O
2Be swift in response and weaken, the NO of generation
xAlso corresponding minimizing.The application of after-flame wind is based on the air stratification combustion technology, is intended to carry out staged air distribution, and in combustible granules after-flame required air, stagger burner hearth high-temperature area and oxygen enrichment zone, control NO effectively in supplementing flue gas
xGeneration.
The fast development of waste incineration receives much concern its problem of environmental pollution, particularly the emission control of the pernicious gas such as bioxin.Bioxin time of staying in high-temperature area more than 850 ℃ surpasses 2s and can decompose fully.Flue gas tissue in burner hearth has directly impact to ignition temperature and the time of staying of flue gas.After-flame wind adopts high-speed jet to feed burner hearth mostly, if take full advantage of the leader tape effect of its high-speed jet, can affect to a certain extent the inner flow of flue gas tissue of burner hearth.And flow of flue gas tissue prolong smoke flow process effectively reasonably increases the time of staying of flue gas in burner hearth, this is very meaningful to the generation that suppresses the pernicious gases such as bioxin, furans.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is combustion exhausted wind apparatus not to be installed or only to be adopted vertical furnace wall to enter the existing gas residence time deficiency of incinerator of the after-flame wind arrangement of spray for solving, the problem such as the high and burn-off rate of unburned combustible in fly ash is low, provide garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device of the present invention, the combustion chamber, the burner hearth that comprise incinerator, described burner hearth comprises front wall, Hou Qiang, at the combustion chamber of incinerator and the intersection of burner hearth, be to be furnished with two-layer after-flame wind nozzle on the bottom position of front wall and rear wall, namely be arranged in the boundary transition region of face arch and rear arch and the burner hearth of combustion chamber.To the greatest extent the import of wind nozzle is corresponding with after-flame airduct separately, is communicated with for above-mentioned every grate firing, and after-flame wind nozzle is communicated with burner hearth, shown in junction between after-flame wind nozzle and after-flame airduct be provided with the after-flame air door.
Described two-layer after-flame wind nozzle, be divided into ground floor after-flame wind nozzle, second layer after-flame wind nozzle; Described ground floor after-flame wind nozzle place cross-sectional distance burner hearth bottom is 0.5m～0.8m, second layer after-flame wind nozzle place cross-sectional distance ground floor after-flame wind nozzle place cross section 0.5m～0.8m.The quantity that this two-layer after-flame wind nozzle is every layer is 8, and namely the front wall of every layer has 4, and rear wall has 4, and interval is arranged on the wall of front wall and rear wall respectively successively.Two-layer after-flame wind nozzle deflection direction is consistent.
It is 35～45 ° that ground floor after-flame wind nozzle enters to spray angle [alpha] 1, and it is 30～40 ° that second layer after-flame wind nozzle enters to spray angle [alpha] 2.
Certainly as long as second layer after-flame wind nozzle enters to spray angle [alpha], than ground floor after-flame wind nozzle, enter to spray little 5 ° of angle and all can obtain comparatively desirable effect.
The air quantity ratio of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle and the ejection of second layer after-flame wind nozzle is 2～3: 1, and the effluxvelocity of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle is 50～60m/s.
Make the effluxvelocity of the effluxvelocity of second layer after-flame wind nozzle lower than ground floor after-flame wind nozzle as far as possible.Certainly, the effluxvelocity of second layer after-flame wind nozzle is preferably 25～30m/s.
The present invention is with respect to not adopting the incinerator that combustion exhausted wind apparatus is installed to have the following advantages:
1. the application of after-flame wind is based on the air stratification combustion technology, is intended to carry out the layering air distribution, supplements combustible granules after-flame required air in flue gas, thereby when improving burn-off rate, stagger burner hearth high-temperature area and oxygen enrichment zone, control NO effectively
xGeneration.
2. on the bottom position of front wall and rear wall, be furnished with two-layer after-flame wind nozzle, every grate firing air port correspondence of wind nozzle to the greatest extent is communicated with after-flame airduct separately, and after-flame wind nozzle is communicated with burner hearth.Take full advantage of the leader tape effect of after-flame wind high-speed jet, impel flue gas to become the spiral air-flow at freeze profile, strengthen the turbulivity of air-flow in burner hearth, the heat exchange of strengthening flue gas and water-cooling wall, increase simultaneously flue gas flow and the lower time of staying of high temperature, guarantee the abundant decomposition of the pernicious gases such as bioxin, furans.
The technology of the present invention means are simple and easy to do, not only possess above-mentioned advantage, and can make mixing more fully of combustible granules and air, thereby improve burn-off rate better.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is A-A cutaway view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is B-B cutaway view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the speed vector figure of second layer after-flame wind nozzle place cross section.
In figure: second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1, after-flame airduct 2; After-flame air door 3; Ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4; Face arch 5; Rear arch 6; Combustion chamber 7; Burner hearth 8; Rear wall 9; Front wall 10.
The specific embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device of the present invention, the combustion chamber 7, the burner hearth 8 that comprise incinerator, described burner hearth 8 comprises front wall 10, rear wall 9, at the combustion chamber 7 of incinerator and the intersection of burner hearth 8, be to be furnished with two-layer after-flame wind nozzle 1,4 on the bottom position of front wall 10 and rear wall 9, namely be arranged in the boundary transition region of the face arch 5 of combustion chamber 7 and rear arch 6 and burner hearth 8.
To the greatest extent the import of wind nozzle is corresponding with after-flame airduct 2 separately, is communicated with for above-mentioned every grate firing, and after-flame wind nozzle is communicated with burner hearth 8, shown in junction between after-flame wind nozzle and after-flame airduct 2 be provided with after-flame air door 3.
Described two-layer after-flame wind nozzle, be divided into ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4, second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1; Described ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4 cross-sectional distance burner hearth 8 bottoms, place are about 0.5m～0.8m, and second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1 cross-sectional distance ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4 cross sections, place, place are about 0.5m～0.8m.
Adopting two-layer after-flame wind arrangement of nozzles mode, is in order to guarantee better the formation of burner hearth 8 inside spin ascending airs, and improves intensity and the scope of spiral air-flow.Two-layer after-flame wind injector spacing is from unsuitable excessive, otherwise is unfavorable for the formation of spiral air-flow; Also unsuitable too small, otherwise deviated from the original intention that two-layer after-flame wind designs, jet leader tape effect is only near with individual layer after-flame wind facies.
As shown in Figure 3 as Fig. 2.This two-layer after-flame wind nozzle 4,1, the quantity of every layer is general adopts 8, and namely the front wall 10 of every layer can arrange 4, and rear wall 9 arranges 4, and interval is arranged on the wall of front wall 10 and rear wall 9 successively.The distance at interval can be determined as the case may be.
For the most wind nozzle 1,4 of each grate firing, after-flame wind nozzle 1,4 is horizontally disposed, and wherein 4 after-flame wind nozzle vertical furnace wall papers are put, and other 4 after-flame wind nozzle deflection certain angles form two tangent elliptical vortexes to impel on cross section.For deflection angle, namely to enter to spray angle [alpha] 1 be 35～45 ° to ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4, and it is 30～40 ° that second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1 enters to spray angle [alpha] 2.Certainly angle is adjustable within the specific limits, and vertical furnace wall enters the operating mode of spray (α=0).
Second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1 enters to spray angle [alpha], and than ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4, to enter to spray angle little 5 °.
This upper and lower two-layer after-flame wind nozzle 4,1 deflection direction must be consistent.
The air quantity ratio of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4 and 1 ejection of second layer after-flame wind nozzle is about 2～3: 1, and the effluxvelocity of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4 is about 50～60m/s.The effluxvelocity of second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1 is lower than should be lower than the effluxvelocity of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4.The effluxvelocity of second layer after-flame wind nozzle 1 can be preferably 25～30m/s.
But effluxvelocity is also unsuitable too low, misses one's aim otherwise easily because range is too short, can't form bumpy flow.Two-layer after-flame wind nozzle adopts identical caliber, during designs of nozzles, can select suitable nozzle caliber according to required after-flame air force, to obtain suitable after-flame wind effluxvelocity.
For most of urban domestic garbage incinerator, the more length-width ratio that is designed to of burner hearth 8 cross sections is about the rectangle of 2: 1.
After-flame airduct 2 is connected to (not shown) on secondary air box, and after-flame wind is identical with Secondary Air, is all cold wind and feeds.After-flame wind total blast volume accounts for total blast volume 10% left and right, and each grate firing air quantity of wind nozzle 4,1 is to the greatest extent controlled by corresponding after-flame air door 3.
The after-flame wind-warm syndrome adopts cold wind, and keeping total after-flame air quantity is the 9.7% constant of total blast volume, and certain, the air quantity of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4 is taken as 1: 1 with the ratio of second layer after-flame air quantity nozzle, and 2: 1,2.5: 1,3: 1 and 4: 1 five kinds of ratios.Ground floor after-flame wind nozzle 4 can be regulated by after-flame air door 3 separately with the wind speed of second layer after-flame wind nozzle.
According to the incinerator design parameter, each operating condition of analog computation, obtain result shown in table 1.In operating mode # 6, the speed vector figure of second layer after-flame wind nozzle place cross section as shown in Figure 4.Result shows, adopts suitable after-flame wind to enter to spray angle and two-layer after-flame air quantity ratio, can impel the flue gas in after-flame wind nozzle 4,1 cross section, place to form two tangent elliptical vortexes, thereby impel flue gas at the interior formation spiral of burner hearth 8 air-flow.This compares and only simply adopts the vertical furnace wall paper to put the operating mode #1 of after-flame wind nozzle, has obviously improved the turbulivity in burner hearth 8, has extended flue gas at the interior motion path of burner hearth 8, and has effectively increased the time of staying of flue gas in burner hearth 8.
Table 1
Just can realize preferably the present invention as mentioned above.
Claims (6)
1. garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device, the combustion chamber, the burner hearth that comprise incinerator, described burner hearth comprises front wall, Hou Qiang, it is characterized in that: at the combustion chamber of incinerator and the intersection of burner hearth, be to be furnished with two-layer after-flame wind nozzle on the bottom position of front wall and rear wall, every grate firing import correspondence of wind nozzle to the greatest extent is communicated with after-flame airduct separately, and after-flame wind nozzle is communicated with burner hearth, and the junction between described after-flame wind nozzle and after-flame airduct is provided with the after-flame air door; Described after-flame wind nozzle is in horizontal plane intrinsic deflection layout, and ground floor after-flame wind nozzle enters to spray angle [alpha]
1Be 35 ~ 45 °, second layer after-flame wind nozzle enters to spray angle [alpha]
2It is 30 ~ 40 °; Described two-layer after-flame wind nozzle, be divided into ground floor after-flame wind nozzle, second layer after-flame wind nozzle; Described ground floor after-flame wind nozzle place cross-sectional distance burner hearth bottom is 0.5m～0.8m, second layer after-flame wind nozzle place cross-sectional distance ground floor after-flame wind nozzle place cross section 0.5m～0.8m; The quantity that this two-layer after-flame wind nozzle is every layer is 8, and namely the front wall of every layer has 4, and rear wall has 4, and interval is arranged on the wall of front wall and rear wall respectively successively.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: second layer after-flame wind nozzle (1) enters to spray angle [alpha], and than ground floor after-flame wind nozzle (4), to enter to spray angle little 5 °.
3. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: two-layer after-flame wind nozzle deflection direction is consistent.
4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the air quantity ratio of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle and the ejection of second layer after-flame wind nozzle is 2 ~ 3:1, and the effluxvelocity of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle is 50 ~ 60m/s.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the effluxvelocity of second layer after-flame wind nozzle is lower than the effluxvelocity of ground floor after-flame wind nozzle.
6. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the effluxvelocity of second layer after-flame wind nozzle is 25 ~ 30m/s.
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| CN102637239B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2016-03-02 | 华南理工大学 | The partition model of rubbish grate incinerator and the differentiating method in each district |
| CN102954473A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-03-06 | 华南理工大学 | Air blowing-in device of garbage low-nitrogen and low-dioxin grate incinerator |
| CN103363528A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-23 | 华南理工大学 | Tuyere arrangement device for preventing high temperature corrosion of water-cooled wall of garbage incinerator |
| CN103672940B (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2016-09-28 | 上海卫源节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method reducing the nitrogen oxides that boiler combustion produces |
| CN108317520B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-08-23 | 北方重工集团有限公司 | A kind of garbage incinerator double-layer vortex secondary air system |
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| CN1240965C (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2006-02-08 | 国电热工研究院 | Fine coal powder recombustion denitrificating method |
| CN100387902C (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2008-05-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Novel three-region two-stage overfire air arrangement mode for wall type boiler |
| CN201025362Y (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A low nitrogen oxide vortex combustion device preventing from high temperature erosion |
| CN101737771B (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2012-02-01 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Multistage over fire air distributing mode |
| CN201925914U (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-08-10 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Over-fire air spout layout structure |
| CN102012019B (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 武汉华是能源环境工程有限公司 | Multiple coal type low-nitrogen direct flow pulverized coal combustion device and control method of nozzle thereof |
| CN202361379U (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-08-01 | 华南理工大学 | Double-layer swirling burning-out air arrangement device of garbage incinerator |
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Application publication date: 20111207 Assignee: GUANGZHOU WEIGANG ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Assignor: South China University of Technology Contract record no.: 2015990000972 Denomination of invention: Garbage incinerator double-layer rational flow over-fire air arranging device Granted publication date: 20131127 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20151120 |
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Effective date of registration: 20151229 Address after: No. 80 Guangzhou science and technology innovation base in E District 510000 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province high tech Industrial Development Zone of Guangzhou Science City on road 208-210 Patentee after: GUANGZHOU WEIGANG ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 510640 Tianhe District, Guangdong, No. five road, No. 381, Patentee before: South China University of Technology |