CN102263398B - Control method, power control method and power-supply controller of electric - Google Patents
Control method, power control method and power-supply controller of electric Download PDFInfo
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- CN102263398B CN102263398B CN201010194751.3A CN201010194751A CN102263398B CN 102263398 B CN102263398 B CN 102263398B CN 201010194751 A CN201010194751 A CN 201010194751A CN 102263398 B CN102263398 B CN 102263398B
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Abstract
Power control method and be suitable for the power supply unit of the method. This power supply unit includes an inductance element. According to a compensating signal, judge a load condition of this power supply unit. In the time that this load condition is heavy duty, make this switching manipulation in a high operate frequency; In the time that this load condition is underloading or no-load, make this switching manipulation in a low operating frequency. In the time that this compensating signal exceedes a critical value, judge that this load condition is an overload, and continue, after the allowed time, to close this switch in this overload. This allowed time is determined by an external capacitor, irrelevant with this high and low operating frequency of this switching manipulation.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to the overload protection of a kind of switch type power supplying device (Switched-modepowersupply, SMPS).
Background technology
Power supply unit is a kind of electric power controller, is used for conversion electric power, to provide power supply to electronic installation or element. For instance, Fig. 1 is a known power supply unit 60, has flyback framework (flybacktopology). Bridge rectifier 62 rectifications AC power VAC, input power V is providedINTo transformer 64. When switch 72 is opened (close), the once survey winding L of transformer 64PEnergy storage; While closing (open), the secondary of transformer 64 is surveyed winding LSReleasing by rectifier 66 can be to load capacitance (loadcapacitor) 69 to set up out-put supply VOUT. Error amplifier (erroramplifier) EA is out-put supply V relativelyOUTVoltage and target voltage VTarget, and produce compensating signal VCOM. Controller 74 is according to compensating signal VCOMAnd current detection signal VCS, with control signal VGATEGauge tap 72. Current detection signal VCSReaction stream is through once surveying winding LPInductive current.
The power supply unit of known Fig. 1 has kinds of protect perhaps; similarly be overvoltage protection (overvoltageprotection; OVP), cross high temperature protection (overtemperatureprotection; OTP), overload protection (overloadprotection, OLP) etc. Wherein OLP logical refers to that output loading is excessive, and while exceeding the rated output power of power supply unit, power supply unit is with regard to the safeguard measure of corresponding generation.
OLP has the many kinds of practices. For example, one is restriction output current, and another kind is to limit to flow through once to survey winding LPInductive current. Main idea is all to prevent that the electric energy that power supply unit transmits from exceeding to a certain degree.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of control method, is applicable to a power supply unit, and it includes a switch and an inductance element. The method includes: the inductive current that detects this inductance element of flowing through; According to a feedback signal, make this power supply unit operate in normal state or the overload of carrying; In the time that this normally carries state, a current peak of this inductance element that makes to flow through is not more than certain value, and to make the operating frequency of this switch be a first frequency; In the time of this overload, a current peak of this inductance element that makes to flow through is about this definite value, and to make the operating frequency of this switch be a second frequency, and this second frequency is higher than this first frequency; Calculate the duration of this power supply unit in this overload; This duration, while exceeding an allowed time, stops this inductive current; Wherein, this allowed time is not changed by this operating frequency and affects.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of power supply unit. The flow through inductive current of an inductance element of one controller control. This controller includes a work clock generator, a current limiter and an overload protective device. This work clock generator for generating one operating frequency. This current limiter can make to flow through current peak of this inductance element is about certain value. In the time that this current limiter makes this current peak be about this definite value, this operating frequency is not less than a first frequency. In this overload protective device, an overload identifier, according to a feedback signal, can identify this power supply unit and whether should enter an overload. In the time that this power supply unit operates in this overload, this operating frequency is a second frequency, higher than this first frequency. One current supply provides an external capacitor charging and discharging currents, can be in order to calculate the duration of this power supply unit in this overload. In the time that this duration exceedes an allowed time, this controller stops this inductive current, and this allowed time is not changed by this operating frequency and affects.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of power supply unit, is applicable to a power supply unit. This power supply unit has an inductance element, with a switch. This power-supply controller of electric comprises one first comparator, a work clock generator and an overload protective device. This first comparator receives a compensating signal and a current detection signal to control this switch. This current detection signal corresponds to an inductive current of this inductance element of flowing through. This compensating signal corresponds to a load condition of this power supply unit. This first comparator is in order to approximately to determine the current peak of this inductive current according to this compensating signal. This work clock generator is in order to roughly to provide an operating frequency of this switch according to this compensating signal. In the time that this load condition corresponding to this compensating signal is heavy duty, making this operating frequency is a high-frequency work frequency; In the time that this load condition corresponding to this compensating signal is underloading or no-load, making this operating frequency is a low frequency operation frequency. This overload protective device has one and charges and discharge electrical equipment and be coupled to an external capacitive, in order to detect this compensating signal to determine whether an overload event occurs, and exports an overload protection signal to close this switch after the allowed time occurring in this overload event. This external capacitive and this charge and discharge electrical equipment and form a clock oscillator, in order to determine this allowed time, and this allowed time not affected by this work clock generator.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of power control method, is applicable to a power supply unit, and this power supply unit includes an inductance element. The method comprises: according to a compensating signal, judge a load condition of this power supply unit, in the time that this load condition is heavy duty, make this switching manipulation in a high operate frequency, in the time that this load condition is underloading or no-load, make this switching manipulation in a low operating frequency; And, in the time that this compensating signal exceedes a critical value, judge that this load condition is an overload, and continue, after the allowed time, to close this switch in this overload. This allowed time is determined by an external capacitor, irrelevant with this high and low operating frequency of this switching manipulation.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of power control method, is applicable to a power supply unit. This power supply unit includes an inductance element, and it is subject to a switch control with energy storage or releases energy, to produce an out-put supply. The method comprises: a work clock generator is provided, an operating frequency of this switch is roughly provided; Detect a load condition of this power supply unit; Adjust this operating frequency according to this load condition, when wherein this load condition is a heavy duty, its this operating frequency is a first frequency; In the time that this load condition is overload, within an allowed time, make this operating frequency be approximately a second frequency, this second frequency is higher than this first frequency; And, and after finishing in this allowed time, stop the operation of this switch. This allowed time is not affected by this work clock generator.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a known power supply unit.
Fig. 2 is according to a power supply unit of the invention process.
Fig. 3 illustrates circuit and the external capacitor of part in controller.
Fig. 4 shows operating frequency and the compensating signal V of work clock generatorCOMRelation.
[main element label declaration]
| 60、90 | Power supply unit |
| 62 | Bridge rectifier |
| 64 | Transformer |
| 66 | Rectifier |
| 69 | Load capacitance |
| 72 | Switch |
| 73、74 | Controller |
| 75 | External capacitor |
| 82、84、88、94 | Comparator |
| 85 | Current supply |
| 86 | Logic control element |
| 92 | Counter |
| 96 | Work clock generator |
| CT | Pin |
| EA | Error amplifier |
| fHEAVY | Heavy duty frequency |
| fOverLoad | Overload frequency |
| LP | First side winding |
| LS | Secondary side winding |
| VAC | AC power |
| VCOM | Compensating signal |
| VCS | Current detection signal |
| VGATE | Control signal |
| VOLP | OLP critical value |
| VOUT | Out-put supply |
| VTarget | Target voltage |
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 2 is according to a power supply unit 90 of the invention process. Fig. 2 represents same or analogous element, device or signal with label identical in Fig. 1, is known technology, does not add tired stating at this. Fig. 2 is only an embodiment, implements the present invention and not must use same or analogous element, device or signal in Fig. 1. Interest field of the present invention should be read as restriction with claim.
In an embodiment, the controller 73 use single IC for both in Fig. 2 are implemented; In another embodiment, controller 73 is implemented with single IC for both together with switch 72. Different from the controller 74 of Fig. 1, the controller 73 in Fig. 2, a many pin (pin) CT, are connected to external capacitor 75, and its function will be in slightly explaining.
Fig. 3 illustrates circuit and the external capacitor 75 of part in controller 73. Comparator 82 provides overcurrent protection (OCP), is also a peak value delimiter, the current detection signal V in control chart 2CSVoltage peak be no more than VCS-LIMIT, also relatively limited the first side winding L that flows throughPCurrent peak (peakcurrent) be not more than ICS-LIMIT(＝VCS-LIMIT/RCS), wherein RCSFor the resistance of resistance CS. 84 of comparators are according to compensating signal VCOMApproximately determine first side winding LPCurrent peak, compensating signal VCOMMagnitude of voltage can be considered as maintaining the required corresponding power of output voltage at that time, or corresponding to output load condition. Compensating signal VCOMJust approximately do not determine first side winding LPCurrent peak, also determined the operating frequency that work clock generator 96 is exported, namely the operating frequency of switch 72 in Fig. 2. For instance, compensating signal VCOMMagnitude of voltage when low, be underloading/no-load, the operating frequency of exporting is about 20kHz; Compensating signal VCOMMagnitude of voltage when high, be heavy duty, the operating frequency of exporting is about 65kHz. No matter be heavy duty or underloading/no-load, be to be all considered as normally carrying state.
Current supply 85 provides charging and discharging currents, by pin CT, gives external capacitor 75. Current supply 85 can be considered as the clock oscillator in a timer together with external capacitor 75. At compensating signal VCOMExceed in an OLP critical value VOLPTime, assert and instantly have output overloading situation to occur, start to operate in overload, the clock signal that comparator 88 makes counter (counter) 92 export according to clock oscillator, starts counting. Once differentiating the output of counter 92, comparator 94 reaches certain predetermined condition; namely overload condition continues to exceed one period of allowed time, and comparator 94, with regard to output overloading guard signal, triggers OLP; logic control element 86 continues closing switch 72, stops conversion and the transmission of electric energy. If before the allowed time arrives, compensating signal VCOMJust get back to OLP critical value VOLPBelow, mean that power supply unit 90 departs from overload, counter 92 is just reset and makes zero, switch 72 or the operating frequency of exporting according to work clock generator 96 and ongoing operation. Current supply 85, comparator 88, counter 92 and comparator 94 can be considered as an overload protective device together. In another kind of embodiment, comparator 94 can omit, and the triggering of directly using the logical one of a carry-out bit (outputbit) of counter 92 or " 0 " to be used as OLP judges.
From above circuit, this allowed time refers to allows the duration of power supply unit 90 under overload, is pre-conditioned decision that the frequency that produces of the clock oscillator that is made up of with external capacitor 75 current supply 85 and comparator 94 set. This period of allowed time is not subject to the operating frequency of work clock generator 96 to change institute to be affected. For instance, in design, comparator 94 pre-conditioned is built-in in integrated circuit and be not subject to external component values and change, and the frequency of OLP oscillator can be determined by the capacitance of external capacitor 75. Therefore,, on system, can decide the allowed time by selecting suitable external capacitor 75 capacitances easily.
In one embodiment, after OLP is triggered, as compensating signal VCOMGet back to lower than OLP critical value VOLPTime, just remove OLP, and restart electric energy conversion and transmit; In another embodiment, only have the AC power of controller 73 to remove with the startup (restart) of again powering and could remove OLP.
Fig. 4 shows operating frequency and the compensating signal V of work clock generator 96COMRelation. As compensating signal VCOMMagnitude of voltage correspond to Vcs-LIMITTime, can be considered as heavy duty, the operating frequency of work clock generator 96, such as, be a heavily loaded frequency fHEAVY(such as 65Khz); As compensating signal VCOMMagnitude of voltage correspond to OLP critical value VOLPTime, can be considered as overload and occur, the operating frequency of work clock generator 96 is an overload frequency fOverLoad(such as 130Khz). Fig. 4 has also shown, as first side winding LPCurrent peak be approximately Ics-LIMITTime, operating frequency is at least heavily loaded frequency fHEAVY. In the time of the allowed time, namely compensating signal VCOMExceed OLP critical value VOLPTime, the first side winding of flowing through LPCurrent peak because the restriction of comparator 82 will approximately be fixed on Ics-LIMITBut operating frequency is no longer but heavily loaded frequency fHEAVY, but a higher overload frequency fOverLoad. For instance, overload frequency fOverLoadIt can be heavily loaded frequency fHEAVYTwice or three times.
Above embodiment, can obtain two benefits:
1. avoid transformer 64 to produce saturated phenomenon: Ics-LIMITCan be chosen in the maximum current that makes transformer 64 unsaturated (saturate), like this, just can not have when saturated at transformer 64, only utilize the operating frequency that improves controller 73 to transshipping frequency fOverLoad, temporarily increase power output.
2. the allowed time can transfer to other localities: described in previously, the allowed time is irrelevant with operating frequency, and is that the clock oscillator being made up of with external capacitor 75 current supply 85 is determined. Therefore, the suitable capacitance of choosing external capacitor 75 just can determine the allowed time. External capacitor 75 also has another benefit. If the allowed time, up to the several seconds, can need surprising area cost with the clock oscillator of integrated circuit institute construction completely just corresponding. But, to realize with external capacitor 75, saving cost that just can be suitable, makes the constructed part of integrated circuit relatively little very many.
Though the present invention is taking the SMPS of a flyback framework as example, the present invention also goes for the similarly SMPS such as step-down power converter, booster power converter.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the claims in the present invention scope change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a control method, is applicable to a power supply unit, and it includes a switch and an inductance unitPart, the method includes:
The flow through inductive current of this inductance element of detection;
According to a feedback signal, make this power supply unit operate in normal state or the overload of carrying;
In the time that this normally carries state, a current peak of this inductance element that makes to flow through is not more than certain value, andThe operating frequency that makes this switch is a first frequency;
In the time of this overload, a current peak of this inductance element that makes to flow through is about this definite value, and makes thisThe operating frequency of switch is a second frequency, and this second frequency is higher than this first frequency;
Calculate the duration of this power supply unit in this overload; And
This duration, while exceeding an allowed time, stops this inductive current;
Wherein, this allowed time is not changed by this operating frequency and affects, and this power supply unit by this justDuring a normal year state enters this overload, the operating frequency of this switch rises by first frequency is linear.
2. control method according to claim 1, also includes:
According to this feedback signal, change this operating frequency.
3. control method according to claim 1, also includes:
In the time that this power supply unit departs from this overload, the counter of resetting, continues to recalculate thisTime.
4. control method according to claim 1, also includes:
Provide a work clock generator, to produce this operating frequency;
Wherein, this operating frequency does not affect this allowed time.
5. a power-supply controller of electric, is applicable to a power supply unit, and this power supply unit has an inductance unitPart, with a switch, this power-supply controller of electric comprises:
One first comparator, receives a compensating signal and a current detection signal to control this switch, whereinThis current detection signal corresponds to an inductive current of this inductance element of flowing through, and this compensating signal is relativeShould be in a load condition of this power supply unit, this first comparator is in order to decide according to this compensating signalThe current peak of this inductive current;
One work clock generator, in order to an operating frequency of this switch to be provided according to this compensating signal,Wherein, in the time that this load condition corresponding to this compensating signal is heavy duty, making this operating frequency is a high-frequency workFrequency, and in the time that this load condition corresponding to this compensating signal is underloading or no-load, make this operating frequency beOne low operating frequency; And
One overload protective device, has one and charges and discharge electrical equipment and be coupled to an external capacitive, in order to detect this indemnity letterNumber to determine whether an overload event occurs, and export one after the allowed time occurring in this overload eventOverload protection signal is to close this switch;
Wherein this external capacitive and this charge and discharge electrical equipment and form a clock oscillator, in order to determine this allowed time,And this allowed time is not affected by this work clock generator, and this power supply unit enters by normally carrying stateDuring entering overload, the operating frequency of this switch rises by low operating frequency is linear, and this normally carries stateComprise heavy duty, this underloading and this idling.
6. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 5, wherein this overload protective device also comprises:
One second comparator, in order to relatively this compensating signal and a minimum detectable signal, when this compensating signal is greater thanWhen this minimum detectable signal, send this overload event of an overload protection signal indication and occur; And
One counter, is coupled to this second comparator, and in order to receive a clock signal, this counter is in thisThe second comparator starts counting after sending this overload protection signal;
Wherein, this overload protection signal is output after the output of this counter reaches a condition.
7. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 5, wherein this after this overload event generation allowedIn time, it is an overload frequency that this work clock generator makes this operating frequency, and wherein this overload frequency is largeIn this high-frequency work frequency.
8. power-supply controller of electric according to claim 5, wherein this power-supply controller of electric also comprises:
One peak value delimiter, in order to detect this current detection signal and to send a peak value restriction signal and controlThis switch, and the current peak of this inductive current that limits this inductance element of flowing through is a restriction peak value.
9. a power control method, is applicable to a power supply unit, and this power supply unit includes an electricitySensing unit and a switch, the method comprises:
According to a compensating signal, judge a load condition of this power supply unit, when this load condition is attached most importance toWhile carrying, make this switching manipulation in a high operate frequency, in the time that this load condition is underloading or no-load, make thisSwitching manipulation is in a low operating frequency; And
In the time that this compensating signal exceedes a critical value, judge that this load condition is an overload, and in thisOverload continues, after the allowed time, to close this switch;
Wherein this allowed time is determined by an external capacitor, with this high and low operating frequency of this switching manipulationIrrelevant, and during this power supply unit enters this overload by the state that normally carries, the work of this switch is frequentlyRate rises by low operating frequency is linear, and this normally carries state and comprises heavy duty, this underloading and this idling.
10. power control method according to claim 9, wherein when this load condition is this overloadWhen state, within this allowed time, make this switching manipulation in an overload frequency, and this overload frequency is greater thanThis high operate frequency.
11. power control methods according to claim 9, comprise;
A flow through inductive current of this inductance element of detection, to produce a current detection signal; And
According to this compensating signal and this current detection signal to determine the current peak of this inductive current.
12. 1 kinds of power control methods, are applicable to a power supply unit, and this power supply unit has an electricitySensing unit and a switch, the method comprises:
Provide a work clock generator, so that an operating frequency of this switch to be provided;
Detect a load condition of this power supply unit;
Adjust this operating frequency according to this load condition, when wherein this load condition is a heavy duty, it shouldOperating frequency is a first frequency;
In the time that this load condition is overload, within an allowed time, making this operating frequency is a second frequency,This second frequency is higher than this first frequency; And
And after finishing in this allowed time, stop the operation of this switch;
Wherein, this allowed time is not affected by this operating frequency, and is transferred to by heavy duty when this load conditionWhile carrying, this operating frequency rises to this second frequency by this first frequency linearity.
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| CN201010194751.3A CN102263398B (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2010-05-31 | Control method, power control method and power-supply controller of electric |
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| CN201010194751.3A CN102263398B (en) | 2010-05-31 | 2010-05-31 | Control method, power control method and power-supply controller of electric |
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| CN102263398B true CN102263398B (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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| CN105634252B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-08-03 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | The control circuit of Switching Power Supply |
| DE102016121747B4 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2021-09-16 | Torqeedo Gmbh | Device for specifying the speed level of an electric drive in a boat |
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| CN101447735A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-03 | 富士电机电子技术株式会社 | Switching power supply device |
| CN101552560A (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2009-10-07 | 成都芯源系统有限公司 | Switch voltage stabilizing circuit and control method thereof |
| CN201383756Y (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-01-13 | 西南交通大学 | Double-frequency control device of switch power supply |
| TW201009532A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-01 | Leadtrend Tech Corp | Control circuit and power converter using the same and control method |
| TW201014139A (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-04-01 | Leadtrend Tech Corp | Flyback switching power supply and control method thereof |
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- 2010-05-31 CN CN201010194751.3A patent/CN102263398B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101447735A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-03 | 富士电机电子技术株式会社 | Switching power supply device |
| TW201009532A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-01 | Leadtrend Tech Corp | Control circuit and power converter using the same and control method |
| TW201014139A (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-04-01 | Leadtrend Tech Corp | Flyback switching power supply and control method thereof |
| CN101552560A (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2009-10-07 | 成都芯源系统有限公司 | Switch voltage stabilizing circuit and control method thereof |
| CN201383756Y (en) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-01-13 | 西南交通大学 | Double-frequency control device of switch power supply |
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| CN102263398A (en) | 2011-11-30 |
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