CN102262183A - Multi-configurational detector for detecting conductivity of soil based on current-voltage four-terminal method - Google Patents
Multi-configurational detector for detecting conductivity of soil based on current-voltage four-terminal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102262183A CN102262183A CN2011101585748A CN201110158574A CN102262183A CN 102262183 A CN102262183 A CN 102262183A CN 2011101585748 A CN2011101585748 A CN 2011101585748A CN 201110158574 A CN201110158574 A CN 201110158574A CN 102262183 A CN102262183 A CN 102262183A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-configurational detector for detecting the conductivity of soil based on a current-voltage four-terminal method. The detector is characterized by a detection structure, wherein each exciting electrode and each signal detection electrode are positioned at the same height position and are arranged at intervals in a single-row mode according to the following sequences, namely a first detection electrode, a second detection electrode, a first exciting electrode, a third detection electrode, a fourth detection electrode, a second exciting electrode, a fifth detection electrode and a sixth detection electrode; the first exciting electrode is positioned at the central position between the second detection electrode and the third detection electrode; the second exciting electrode is positioned at the central position between the fourth detection electrode and the fifth detection electrode; the distance between the adjacent detection electrodes is equal; and the multi-configurational detector is formed by combining the signal detection electrodes two by two. The multi-configurational detector can detect the conductivity of soil in multiple layers in multiple areas simultaneously, is large in detection areas and can improve the detection efficiency and detection accuracy effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soil conductivity detection range, particularly a kind of multiconfiguration pick-up unit that detects soil conductivity based on the current-voltage four-end method.
Background technology
Soil conductivity can reflect salinity, moisture, the content of organic matter, available nutrient, soil texture structure and the isoparametric size of porosity in the soil to some extent, is the indispensable important parameter of research soil.Particularly at aspects such as soil salinization assessment, soil improvement and precision agricultures, the detection of soil conductivity is necessary.The detection method of soil conductivity is divided into two kinds of contactless and contacts.Contactless method be representative with the electromagnetic induction ground conductivity instrument (EM series) that Canadian Geonics limited company produces, and does not need to contact soil and just can measure, have measure quick, efficiently, advantage that cost is low.But be limited by the measuring principle of electromagnetic induction, relative position, ambient electromagnetic field even the incidental metal fittings of human body etc. that instrument is placed all can cause bigger error to detection.The contact of soil conductivity detects based on current-voltage four-end method principle, overcome the shortcoming that contactless electromagnetic induction is measured, well contact with soil but detecting electrode need be inserted in the soil, based on the detecting instrument of this principle shiploads of merchandiseization both at home and abroad at present, the 3100 type soil conductivity measuring instruments produced of U.S. Veris technologies company for example, based on current-voltage four-end method measuring principle, and be airborne version, can directly measure in the field by mechanical haulage.This detecting instrument has pair of exciting and two pairs of potential electrode, and two pairs of potential electrode are measured the conductivity of thin solum and deep soil respectively.Domestic about the research document with to apply for a patent also all be on this basis a little improvement, such as:
Application number: 200510092989.4, open day: " multi-purpose vehicle mounted soil specific conductivity real-time tester " of 2007.02.28 was made up of electrode sensor unit, data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit, the electrode sensor unit is made up of bracing frame, wheel and columnar electrode, and wherein wheel and columnar electrode are fixed on the bracing frame; The data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit comprises power-switching circuit, conversion of signals amplifying circuit, analog to digital converter, processor and liquid crystal display circuit; The data acquisition and processing (DAP) unit is by a polycore cable, respectively with the electrode sensor unit on contact conductor electrically connect.The principle of this tester utilization " current-voltage four-end method " adopts six pillar electrodes, its electrode design rationally, science, solid durable, agricultural land soil is destroyed less owing to adopt split-type design, even therefore the electrode damaged on end that buries is bad also conveniently replaced.But, the serial soil conductivity measuring instrument of producing with U.S. Veris technologies company is the same, only be provided with two pairs of potential electrode in this technical scheme, a pair ofly be used for the thin solum conductivity measurement, another is to being used for the deep soil conductivity measurement, the soil of its measurement is limited in scope, and can't satisfy the matching used needs of large-scale agricultural machinery (for example the operation wide cut of the agricultural machinery of U.S. John Deere ﹠ Co. production reaches 15m) now; In addition, the pillar electrode design is adopted in this invention, will stir soil when vehicle-mounted detection, and its use occasion meeting is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of and detect the multiconfiguration pick-up unit of soil conductivity, detect simultaneously on a large scale realizing, and can detect the multi-level soil conductivity of different depth simultaneously based on the current-voltage four-end method.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The characteristics that the present invention is based on the multiconfiguration pick-up unit of current-voltage four-end method detection soil conductivity are detection architecture to be set be:
Pair of exciting is respectively first exciting electrode and second exciting electrode;
One group of signal detection electrode is respectively first signal detection electrode, secondary signal detecting electrode, the 3rd signal detection electrode, the 4th signal detection electrode, the 5th signal detection electrode and the 6th signal detection electrode;
Described each exciting electrode and each signal detection electrode be on the identical height and position, and be single-row interval in the following order and be provided with: first detecting electrode, second detecting electrode, first exciting electrode, the 3rd detecting electrode, the 4th detecting electrode, second exciting electrode, the 5th detecting electrode and the 6th detecting electrode;
The center position of described first exciting electrode between second detecting electrode and the 3rd detecting electrode, the center position of described second exciting electrode between the 4th detecting electrode and the 5th detecting electrode; Distance equates between the adjacent detecting electrode;
To constitute the multiconfiguration pick-up unit in twos between each signal detection electrode.
The characteristics that the present invention is based on the multiconfiguration pick-up unit of current-voltage four-end method detection soil conductivity also are:
Described pair of exciting and one group of signal detection electrode are equal-sized each wheeled blade, described each wheeled blade is arranged on the frame by support respectively, on described frame, be respectively arranged with left side wheel, right side wheels, and be used for the traction bindiny mechanism that is connected with hitching machinery.
Testing circuit is set is:
With the power supply is that power-switching circuit and sensor excitation circuit provide working power, and the alternation voltage stabilizing or the constant-current source that are produced by the sensor excitation circuit offer exciting electrode to produce the required pumping signal of signal detection electrode detection; The detection signal that described signal detection electrode obtains converts digital signal to through output signal conditioning circuit and A/D change-over circuit successively and inputs to monolithic processor;
To handle and to preserve data, described monolithic processor is connected with display device described monolithic processor by communicating circuit and upper machine communication, with demonstration detection numerical value.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, the present invention adopts six signal detection electrode, obtain potential value separately respectively, obtain a plurality of different magnitudes of voltage, obtain the soil conductivity data of a plurality of zones and different depth layer thereof based on this by making up in twos of six electrodes, therefore its sensing range is big, the detection efficiency height.
2, exciting electrode of the present invention and signal detection electrode are installed in electrode and install and fix on the frame, and the spacing between the electrode can be adjusted as required flexibly so that adapt to the requirement that different depth layer soil conductivity detects.Because soil has conductive capability, can be considered conductor, when between two exciting electrodes, applying steady voltage or steady current, between two exciting electrodes and on every side and just have electric current to flow through in the soil of certain depth, figuratively speaking be exactly that many approximate fusoid line of electric force are from an exciting electrode, arrive another exciting electrode through different paths respectively, the line of electric force that has is from an exciting electrode, just directly arrive another exciting electrode through topsoil, and the line of electric force that has is from an exciting electrode, could arrive another exciting electrode by deep soil, obviously, line of electric force can be deep depth of soil and the distance dependent between two exciting electrodes, promptly the distance between two exciting electrodes is little, line of electric force can be deep depth of soil just shallow, the distance between two exciting electrodes is big, the depth of soil that line of electric force institute can be deep just deeply.On the other hand, distance between two detecting electrodes is little, then have only those line of electric force that pass through thin solum to link to each other with them, promptly this two detecting electrode can only detect the conductivity of thin solum, otherwise, distance between two detecting electrodes is big, and then those line of electric force by deep soil can link to each other with them, and promptly this two detecting electrode can detect the conductivity of deep soil.Therefore can obtain the soil conductivity of different depth level by the spacing between the adjustment electrode.
3, the present invention adopts wheeled blade-like electrode, wheeled blade can directly insert in the soil and with soil and contact well, thereby can improve accuracy of detection, wheeled blade-like electrode is installed in electrode and installs and fixes on the frame, this mechanism can be advanced by mechanical haulage, in the process that moves, continuously soil conductivity is detected, thereby can improve detection efficiency greatly, reduce and detect cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the multiconfiguration soil conductivity pick-up unit system chart based on the current-voltage four-end method;
Fig. 2 is exciting electrode and signal detection electrode structure and the mounting means synoptic diagram among Fig. 1;
Number in the figure: 11 frames; 12 left side wheel; 13 right side wheels; 14 traction bindiny mechanisms; 41 first exciting electrodes; 42 second exciting electrodes; 51 first detecting electrodes; 52 second detecting electrodes; 53 the 3rd detecting electrodes; 54 the 4th detecting electrodes; 55 the 5th detecting electrodes; 56 the 6th detecting electrodes.
Specific embodiments
Referring to Fig. 1, comprise that based on the multiconfiguration soil conductivity pick-up unit of current-voltage four-end method power supply is set provides power supply for power-switching circuit and sensor excitation circuit in the present embodiment, the sensor excitation circuit produces the alternation voltage stabilizing or constant-current source offers exciting electrode to produce the required pumping signal of signal detection electrode detection, exciting electrode produces faint electric current in the soil of the certain zone and the degree of depth, thereby the diverse location in this regional soil has different current potentials, be in and produce different current potential output on six signal detection electrode of diverse location, the signal that signal detection electrode obtained is at first through converting digital signal input monolithic processor to by the A/D change-over circuit again after the output signal conditioning circuit conditioning, monolithic processor is connected with communicating circuit can be with upper machine communication so that handle and the preservation data, and monolithic processor is connected with display device can directly show detection numerical value.
Referring to Fig. 2, first exciting electrode 41 and second exciting electrode 42 and first signal detection electrode 51, secondary signal detecting electrode 52, the 3rd signal detection electrode 53, the 4th signal detection electrode 54, the 5th signal detection electrode 55 and the 6th signal detection electrode 56 are arranged in straight line, the center of first exciting electrode 41 between secondary signal detecting electrode 52 and the 3rd signal detection electrode 53, the center of second exciting electrode 42 between the 4th signal detection electrode 54 and the 5th signal detection electrode 55, first signal detection electrode 51 and secondary signal detecting electrode 52 are positioned at the left side of first exciting electrode 41, the 3rd signal detection electrode 53 and the 4th signal detection electrode 54 are between first exciting electrode 41 and second exciting electrode 42, the 5th signal detection electrode 55 and the 6th signal detection electrode 56 are positioned at the right side of second exciting electrode 42, between first signal detection electrode 51 and the secondary signal detecting electrode 52, between secondary signal detecting electrode 52 and the 3rd signal detection electrode 53, between the 3rd signal detection electrode 53 and the 4th signal detection electrode 54, between the 4th signal detection electrode 54 and the 5th signal detection electrode 55 and the 5th signal detection electrode 55 equate with spacing between the 6th signal detection electrode 56, first exciting electrode 41 links to each other with sensor excitation circuit 3 by cable with second exciting electrode 42, first signal detection electrode 51, secondary signal detecting electrode 52, the 3rd signal detection electrode 53, the 4th signal detection electrode 54, the 5th signal detection electrode 55 links to each other with output signal conditioning circuit 5 by cable respectively with the 6th signal detection electrode 53.First exciting electrode 41 is the identical wheeled blade of size with second exciting electrode 42 and first signal detection electrode 51, secondary signal detecting electrode 52, the 3rd signal detection electrode 53, the 4th signal detection electrode 54, the 5th signal detection electrode 55 and the 6th signal detection electrode 56, being installed in electrode installs and fixes on the frame 11, left side wheel 12 and right side wheels 13 are set so that travel under mechanical haulage on the frame 11 respectively, electrode mechanism for installing 11 also is provided with the mechanical haulage bindiny mechanism 14 that is connected with hitching machinery.
To constitute multiconfiguration in twos between each signal detection electrode, obtain a plurality of voltage output values between the signal detection electrode in twos, corresponding to the soil characteristic information between the signal detection electrode in twos, according to the voltage output value between the signal detection electrode in twos in conjunction with the current value data and in twos the position relation between the distance between the signal detection electrode and they and the exciting electrode can determine the conductivity of soil between the signal detection electrode in twos, distance between the signal detection electrode has determined to detect the detection degree of depth that soil conductivity can reach in twos, so, can detect the conductivity of different depth soil respectively by the multiple combination between the signal detection electrode.
Referring to table 1, six signal detection electrode are with combined in twos, can be combined into 15 different configurations in theory, current potential output by each signal detection electrode can obtain 15 voltage drop numerical value, can determine the soil conductivity of institute's surveyed area more respectively according to the position relation of each electrode, these 15 different configurations can obtain the topsoil conductivity of five adjacent areas, the table lower soil conductivity in four zones, trizonal BC soil conductivity, the middle lower soil conductivity in two zones and a deep soil conductivity, the right first half in the table 1 is 15 surveyed areas, and left Lower Half is 15 pairing detection degree of depth of surveyed area
Mode and surveyed area thereof that six signal detection electrode of table 1 make up in twos
Claims (3)
1. one kind is detected the multiconfiguration pick-up unit of soil conductivity based on the current-voltage four-end method, it is characterized in that being provided with detection architecture and is:
Pair of exciting is respectively first exciting electrode (41) and second exciting electrode (42);
One group of signal detection electrode is respectively first signal detection electrode (51), secondary signal detecting electrode (52), the 3rd signal detection electrode (53), the 4th signal detection electrode (54), the 5th signal detection electrode (55) and the 6th signal detection electrode (56);
Described each exciting electrode and each signal detection electrode be on the identical height and position, and be single-row interval in the following order and be provided with: first detecting electrode (51), second detecting electrode (52), first exciting electrode (41), the 3rd detecting electrode (53), the 4th detecting electrode (54), second exciting electrode (42), the 5th detecting electrode (55) and the 6th detecting electrode (56);
Described first exciting electrode (41) is positioned at the center position between second detecting electrode (52) and the 3rd detecting electrode (53), and described second exciting electrode (42) is positioned at the center position between the 4th detecting electrode (54) and the 5th detecting electrode (55); Distance equates between the adjacent detecting electrode;
To constitute the multiconfiguration pick-up unit in twos between each signal detection electrode.
2. the multiconfiguration pick-up unit that detects soil conductivity based on the current-voltage four-end method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described pair of exciting and one group of signal detection electrode are equal-sized each wheeled blade, described each wheeled blade is arranged on the frame (11) by support respectively, on described frame (11), be respectively arranged with left side wheel (12), right side wheels (13), and be used for the traction bindiny mechanism (14) that is connected with hitching machinery.
3. according to claim 1ly detect the multiconfiguration pick-up unit of soil conductivity, it is characterized in that being provided with testing circuit and be based on the current-voltage four-end method:
With the power supply is that power-switching circuit and sensor excitation circuit provide working power, and the alternation voltage stabilizing or the constant-current source that are produced by the sensor excitation circuit offer exciting electrode to produce the required pumping signal of signal detection electrode detection; The detection signal that described signal detection electrode obtains converts digital signal to through output signal conditioning circuit and A/D change-over circuit successively and inputs to monolithic processor;
To handle and to preserve data, described monolithic processor is connected with display device described monolithic processor by communicating circuit and upper machine communication, with demonstration detection numerical value.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743787A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-23 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Tri-axial testing device for testing water content distribution of soil sample |
| CN108469549A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-31 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Four electrode system of stator winding conductor bars in electrical machines surface resistivity multimetering and its measurement method |
| CN108844997A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-20 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of soil water-stable aggregates content measurement device and method |
| CN109060046A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2018-12-21 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of multilevel soil sensor |
| CN109387698A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-26 | 常州轻工职业技术学院 | A kind of measuring device and its method of plate resistance |
| CN113866392A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-31 | 中国农业大学 | Soil multi-parameter measuring system and measuring method thereof |
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| CN1920583A (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-02-28 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-purpose vehicle mounted soil specific conductivity real-time tester |
| US20110106451A1 (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2011-05-05 | Colin Christy | Multiple sensor system and method for mapping soil in three dimensions |
| CN202149921U (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-02-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Multiconfiguration detection device used for detecting soil conductivity on basis of current-voltage four-electrode method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1920583A (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-02-28 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-purpose vehicle mounted soil specific conductivity real-time tester |
| US20110106451A1 (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2011-05-05 | Colin Christy | Multiple sensor system and method for mapping soil in three dimensions |
| CN202149921U (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-02-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Multiconfiguration detection device used for detecting soil conductivity on basis of current-voltage four-electrode method |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103743787A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-23 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Tri-axial testing device for testing water content distribution of soil sample |
| CN103743787B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2016-06-08 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of triaxial test soil sample water content distribution test device |
| CN109387698A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-26 | 常州轻工职业技术学院 | A kind of measuring device and its method of plate resistance |
| CN109387698B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2021-01-29 | 常州轻工职业技术学院 | Device and method for measuring sheet resistance |
| CN108469549A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-31 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Four electrode system of stator winding conductor bars in electrical machines surface resistivity multimetering and its measurement method |
| CN108469549B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2020-06-19 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Motor stator bar surface resistivity multipoint measurement four-electrode system and measurement method thereof |
| CN108844997A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-20 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of soil water-stable aggregates content measurement device and method |
| CN108844997B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-11-27 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Soil water and salt content measuring device and method |
| CN109060046A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2018-12-21 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | A kind of multilevel soil sensor |
| CN113866392A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-31 | 中国农业大学 | Soil multi-parameter measuring system and measuring method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20111130 |