CN102255331A - Transformer-free unilateral inductor grid-connected inverter circuit - Google Patents
Transformer-free unilateral inductor grid-connected inverter circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN102255331A CN102255331A CN2011101648766A CN201110164876A CN102255331A CN 102255331 A CN102255331 A CN 102255331A CN 2011101648766 A CN2011101648766 A CN 2011101648766A CN 201110164876 A CN201110164876 A CN 201110164876A CN 102255331 A CN102255331 A CN 102255331A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transformer-free unilateral inductor grid-connected inverter circuit which comprises a high-frequency bridge arm, a low-frequency bridge arm, an output module and a control switching tube speed unit, wherein the high-frequency bridge arm and the low-frequency bridge arm are respectively connected to a direct current input power supply and the output module; the output module is connected to a mains supply; the high-frequency bridge arm is provided with two high-frequency switching tubes; the low-frequency bridge arm is provided with two low-frequency switching tubes; the output module is in the form of a unilateral inductor; an inductor in the output module is connected to the null line end or power line end of the mains supply; the end, which is not connected to the inductor, of the output module is connected to the low-frequency bridge arm; and the end, which is connected to the inductor, of the output module is connected to the high-frequency bridge arm. The transformer-free unilateral inductor grid-connected inverter circuit provided by the invention is used for greatly reducing the common mode current of the direct current input power supply to the ground and improving the working efficiency of a whole machine. The amplitude value of the common mode current can be reduced under the condition of controlling a switching speed, thereby achieving an effect of controlling the electromagnetic interference and improving the efficiency of the whole machine. Besides, the transformer-free unilateral inductor grid-connected inverter circuit has the advantages that the adopted elements are small and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transformerless monolateral inductance grid-connected inverter circuit.
Background technology
In the photovoltaic parallel in system, owing to have parasitic capacitance between photovoltaic panel and the ground, having common mode current in the process of parallel network power generation produces, electromagnetic radiation and potential safety hazard have been increased, produce in order to manage to suppress this common mode current, mainly contain two kinds of solution routes: one, adopt the isolated form photovoltaic combining inverter of power frequency or high frequency transformer, can make civil power and solar panel system that electrical isolation is arranged like this, can avoid the leakage current of cell panel to producing between the earth.Two, adopt the non-isolated grid-connected topology that can effectively suppress the common mode current size.
But adopt the inverter circuit of transformer isolation to have following shortcoming: if adopt Industrial Frequency Transformer, volume is big, Heavy Weight and price are expensive.If adopt high frequency transformer, what power conversion circuit will be divided into.The control more complicated, efficient is lower.
And there is the defective of several aspects in general non-isolation inversion topological:
One, traditional single-phase full-bridge inverter, if adopt the bipolarity modulation, though electromagnetic interference is little, the conversion efficiency of inverter is low,
Two, traditional single-phase full-bridge inverter, if adopt the unipolarity modulation, then electromagnetic interference is serious, common mode current is bigger.
Summary of the invention
At suppressing the deficiency that common mode current produces the technical scheme existence of being adopted in the above-mentioned parallel network power generation process, the invention provides a kind of transformerless grid-connected inverter circuit, this circuit has not only greatly reduced solar cell common mode current over the ground, and has effectively improved the operating efficiency of complete machine.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of transformerless monolateral inductance grid-connected inverter circuit, described circuit comprises high frequency brachium pontis, low frequency brachium pontis, output module and control switch pipe speed unit, described high frequency brachium pontis is connected with direct-current input power supplying and output module respectively with the low frequency brachium pontis, output module is electrically connected with the city, wherein:
Described high frequency brachium pontis has two HF switch pipes, described low frequency brachium pontis has two low frequency switching tubes, described output module is monolateral inductance form, inductance in this output module is connected the zero line side or the live wire end of civil power, described output module does not connect the inductance end and is connected with the low frequency brachium pontis, and output module is connected to the inductance end and is connected with the high frequency brachium pontis.
When described two HF switch pipes and two low frequency switching tubes adopt igbt (IGBT) respectively, wherein:
The emitter of the first HF switch pipe is connected with the collector electrode of the second HF switch pipe, and the collector electrode of the first HF switch pipe is connected with direct-current input power supplying is anodal, and the emitter of the second HF switch pipe is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying;
The emitter of the first low frequency switching tube is connected with the collector electrode of the second low frequency switching tube, when being connected with the positive pole of direct-current input power supplying, the collector electrode of the first low frequency switching tube also is connected with the collector electrode of the first HF switch pipe, also be connected when the emitter of the second low frequency switching tube is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying, and the grid of this first, second two low frequency switching tubes is connected with control switch pipe speed unit respectively with the emitter of the second HF switch pipe.
When described two HF switch pipes and two low frequency switching tubes adopt power field effect transistor (MOSFET) respectively, wherein:
The source electrode of the first HF switch pipe is connected with the drain electrode of the second HF switch pipe, and the drain electrode of the first HF switch pipe is connected with direct-current input power supplying is anodal, and the source electrode of the second HF switch pipe is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying;
The source electrode of the first low frequency switching tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second low frequency switching tube, when being connected with the positive pole of direct-current input power supplying, the drain electrode of the first low frequency switching tube also is connected with the drain electrode of the first HF switch pipe, also be connected when the source electrode of the second low frequency switching tube is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying, and the grid of this first, second two low frequency switching tubes is connected with control switch pipe speed unit respectively with the source electrode of the second HF switch pipe.
Described output module has an inductance at least, and when the inductance in the output module has when a plurality of, described a plurality of inductance are connected in series, and are connected the zero line side or the live wire end of civil power.
High frequency bridge arm portion in the invention described above circuit is mainly finished the SPWM modulation, and low frequency brachium pontis part is mainly finished the switching of civil power positive-negative half-cycle, the task of electric current commutation.The described control switch pipe speed unit that is connected with the low frequency brachium pontis is mainly used in the switching speed of control low frequency brachium pontis switching tube, impacts to reduce the common mode current that brings in the civil power switching cycle.
The present invention is directed to the problem that general non-isolation inversion topological exists, on original full-bridge circuit, adopt new control mode, proposed a kind of inversion topological, can reduce direct-current input power supplying common mode current over the ground greatly, improved the operating efficiency of complete machine.At the shortcoming of common transformerless grid-connected inverter circuit, the present invention then reaches and improves electromagnetic interference, the purpose of raising the efficiency by improving common full-bridge and its control corresponding mode.In the normal moment, the direct-current input power supplying negative terminal has only seldom voltage fluctuation over the ground or the low-frequency voltage fluctuation is only arranged.And in the process that the positive and negative half period of civil power is switched,, reduced the amplitude of common mode current by the switching rate of control low frequency switching tube.On circuit topology, be divided into low frequency brachium pontis and high frequency bridge arm portion, the zero line side of civil power or live wire end connect low frequency brachium pontis part, and the high frequency brachium pontis is then by connecting live wire end or the zero line side of filter inductance to civil power.The SPWM modulation system is adopted in the modulation of HF switch pipe, and the low frequency switching tube is then modulated according to the positive and negative half period of civil power.Its core concept is: monolateral inductance SPWM modulation, the zero line side or the live wire end of civil power are connected with the low frequency switching tube, normal direct-current input power supplying constantly only has the voltage fluctuation of very little or low frequency to the earth, and when the civil power positive-negative half-cycle is switched, direct-current input power supplying has a bigger voltage fluctuation to the earth, its value is the size of direct-current input power supplying, if the time of this change in voltage is very fast, can produce a very big discharging current at the DC power supply negative terminal on to the parasitic capacitance of the earth, it is the common mode discharging current, all be disadvantageous to electromagnetic interference and fail safe like this, by the control switching rate, the amplitude that can reduce common mode current reaches the effect of the whole electromagnetic interference of control and promotes overall efficiency.
Common relatively bipolarity modulation single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, this circuit efficiency height.And for common unipolarity modulation single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, this Electric Circuit Electromagnetic Compatibility is good.The used components and parts of this circuit are little simultaneously, and cost is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the embodiment of the invention 1 low frequency brachium pontis connecting to neutral line end;
Current direction schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is the positive half cycle conducting of the embodiment of the invention 1 circuit;
Electric current afterflow schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is the shutoff of the embodiment of the invention 1 circuit positive half period;
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the invention current direction figure of 1 circuit negative half period conduction period;
Afterflow schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is the shutoff of the embodiment of the invention 1 circuit negative half period;
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the invention 1 a circuit waveform sequential schematic diagram;
Control switching tube speed cell operation area schematic when Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the invention 1 low frequency brachium pontis connecting to neutral line end;
Fig. 9 is the start to exchange fire circuit theory diagrams of line end of the embodiment of the invention 1 low frequency brachium pontis;
Control switching tube speed cell operation area schematic when Figure 10 starts to exchange fire line end for the embodiment of the invention 1 low frequency brachium pontis.
Embodiment
The technical staff of the technical field of the invention embodiments of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that can implement the present invention easily.
The embodiments of the invention circuit comprises high frequency brachium pontis, low frequency brachium pontis, output module and control switch pipe speed unit, direct-current input power supplying is a solar cell input power supply among the following embodiment, Fig. 1 shows the theory diagram of this circuit, the high frequency brachium pontis is that the first HF switch pipe S3 and the second HF switch pipe S4 constitute by two HF switch pipes, and the low frequency brachium pontis is that the first low frequency switching tube S1 and the second low frequency switching tube S2 constitute by two low frequency switching tubes.
Constitute HF switch pipe S3, the S4 of high frequency brachium pontis and low frequency switching tube S1, the S2 of formation low frequency brachium pontis among the present invention and all can adopt igbt (IGBT) or power field effect transistor (MOSFET), below adopt igbt (IGBT) or power field effect transistor (MOSFET) the present invention to be described with regard to each switching tube S1, S2, S3, S4 respectively for example.
Embodiment 1:
Two HF switch pipe S3, S4 and two low frequency switching tube S1, S2 adopt igbt (IGBT) respectively, its circuit theory as shown in Figure 2, wherein the emitter of switching tube S3 is connected with the collector electrode of switching tube S4, the collector electrode of switching tube S3 is connected with the positive pole of solar cell input, and the emitter of switching tube S4 is connected with the negative pole of solar cell input.Wherein the emitter of switching tube S1 is connected with the collector electrode of switching tube S2, the collector electrode of switching tube S1 also is connected with the collector electrode of switching tube S3 when being connected with the positive pole of solar cell input, the emitter of switching tube S2 also is connected with the emitter of switching tube S4 when being connected with the negative pole of solar cell input, and the grid of these two low frequency switching tube S1, S2 is connected with control switch pipe speed unit respectively.Output module is monolateral inductance type of attachment, present embodiment 1 circuit has provided the situation that output module has only an inductance L 1, and this inductance L 1 is connected the live wire end of civil power, and the parameter of inductance L 1 should meet the industry design standard, known for those of ordinary skills, be not specifically noted here.Inductance in output module has a plurality of, and then these inductance are connected in series, and should be connected live wire one end of civil power.Output module does not connect inductance L 1 end one end and is connected with the zero line of civil power, the other end is connected to the emitter of switching tube S1 and the collector electrode link of switching tube S2, output module is connected to inductance L 1 end one end and is connected with the live wire of civil power, and the other end is connected to the emitter of switching tube S3 and the collector electrode link of switching tube S4.The high frequency brachium pontis is mainly finished the SPWM modulation, and the low frequency brachium pontis is mainly finished the civil power positive-negative half-cycle and switched, the task of electric current commutation.
Control switch pipe speed unit is mainly used in the switching speed of control low frequency brachium pontis switching tube, impacts to reduce the common mode current that brings in the civil power switching cycle.The control switch pipe speed unit form of realizing this kind function has multiple, dawn known to those skilled in the art, does not give unnecessary details at this.
As can be seen from Figure 2, because the civil power zero line is connected with the low frequency brachium pontis, and we think at far-end, and zero line is connected with the earth.So during the positive-negative half-cycle that civil power switches, the earth (GND) then is connected to the anode or the negative terminal of solar cell by low frequency switching tube S1, S2.In the time of the positive half period conducting, what be equivalent to solar cell just terminates to the earth.In the whole half period, the constant direct current input positive voltage of solar cell voltage to earth for fixing.And in the time of negative half period, low frequency switching tube S2 conducting is equivalent to the negative terminal of solar cell this moment hold with receiving, and at negative half period during this period of time, it is constant that the solar cell voltage to earth also keeps.Just in the middle of the handoff procedure of positive-negative half-cycle, the sudden change of a voltage can appear, so another one core part of the present invention is to control the used control switch pipe speed unit of low frequency switching tube S1, S2, the switching rate of low frequency switching tube S1, S2 can be controlled in this unit, reduces because the excessive situation generation of charging or discharging current generation amplitude on the change in voltage parasitic capacitance as far as possible.
Current direction figure when Fig. 3 is the positive half cycle conducting of present embodiment 1 circuit, electric current flows through S1 successively, civil power, L1 is flowed into the negative terminal of solar cell at last by S4.
Fig. 4 is the current direction figure that the positive half period of present embodiment 1 circuit closes intermittent current, and this moment, S4 turn-offed, and electric current passes through L1, S3 inverse parallel diode, and S1, civil power flow back to inductance L 1.
Current direction figure when Fig. 5 is the negative half-cycle conducting of present embodiment 1 circuit, electric current flows through S3 successively, L1, civil power is flowed into the negative terminal of solar cell at last by S2.
Fig. 6 is the current direction figure that the negative half-cycle of present embodiment 1 circuit closes intermittent current, and this moment, S3 turn-offed, and electric current passes through L1, civil power, and S2 and S4 inverse parallel diode flow back to inductance L 1.
Fig. 7 is the switching sequence schematic diagram of each switching tube in the present embodiment 1 circuit one-period, be four above and open the switch drive oscillograms that S1, S2, S3, S4 close pipe, below oscillogram be the current waveform figure of output.
Control switching tube speed cell operation area schematic when Fig. 8 is present embodiment 1 low frequency brachium pontis connecting to neutral line end, curve shown in it very solar cell is imported the common-mode voltage amplitude variation of negative terminal to the earth (GND).When each half cycle switches, there is a bigger voltage magnitude to change, the rate of change that control switch pipe speed unit is controlled this part just reduces the purpose that voltage change ratio reduces the common mode current size to reach.
Fig. 9 shows the start to exchange fire circuit theory diagrams of line end of embodiment 1 medium and low frequency brachium pontis, and at this moment inductance L 1 is connected the zero line side of civil power.Control switching tube speed cell operation area schematic when Figure 10 starts to exchange fire line end for present embodiment 1 medium and low frequency brachium pontis, this moment, the low frequency brachium pontis connected the live wire end of civil power, and curve shown in it very solar cell is imported the common-mode voltage amplitude variation of negative terminal to the earth (GND).When each half cycle switches, there is a bigger voltage magnitude to change, the rate of change that control switch pipe speed unit is controlled this part just reduces the purpose that voltage change ratio reduces the common mode current size to reach.
Embodiment 2:
Two HF switch pipe S3, S4 and two low frequency switching tube S1, S2 adopt power field effect transistor (MOSFET) respectively, its circuit theory as shown in figure 11, wherein the source electrode of switching tube S3 is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube S4, the drain electrode of switching tube S3 is connected with the positive pole of solar cell input, and the source electrode of switching tube S4 is connected with the negative pole of solar cell input.Wherein the source electrode of switching tube S1 is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube S2, the drain electrode of switching tube S1 also is connected with the drain electrode of switching tube S3 when being connected with the positive pole of solar cell input, the source electrode of switching tube S2 also is connected with the source electrode of switching tube S4 when being connected with the negative pole of solar cell input, and the grid of these two low frequency switching tube S1, S2 is connected with control switch pipe speed unit respectively.Output module is monolateral inductance type of attachment, present embodiment 2 circuit have provided the situation that output module has only an inductance L 1, and this inductance L 1 is connected the live wire end of civil power, with embodiment 1, the parameter of inductance L 1 should meet the industry design standard, known for those of ordinary skills, be not specifically noted here yet.Inductance in output module has a plurality of, and then these inductance are connected in series, and should be connected live wire one end of civil power.Output module does not connect inductance L 1 end one end and is connected with the zero line of civil power, the other end is connected to the source electrode of switching tube S1 and the drain electrode link of switching tube S2, output module is connected to inductance L 1 end one end and is connected with the live wire of civil power, and the other end is connected to the source electrode of switching tube S3 and the drain electrode link of switching tube S4.
Claims (4)
1. transformerless monolateral inductance grid-connected inverter circuit, it is characterized in that: described circuit comprises high frequency brachium pontis, low frequency brachium pontis, output module and control switch pipe speed unit, described high frequency brachium pontis is connected with direct-current input power supplying and output module respectively with the low frequency brachium pontis, output module is electrically connected with the city, wherein:
Described high frequency brachium pontis has two HF switch pipes (S3), (S4), described low frequency brachium pontis has two low frequency switching tubes (S1), (S2), described output module is monolateral inductance form, inductance in this output module is connected the zero line side or the live wire end of civil power, described output module does not connect the inductance end and is connected with the low frequency brachium pontis, and output module is connected to the inductance end and is connected with the high frequency brachium pontis.
2. transformerless monolateral inductance grid-connected inverter circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: as described two HF switch pipes (S3), (S4)) and two low frequency switching tubes (S1), (S2) when adopting igbt respectively, wherein:
The emitter of the first HF switch pipe (S3) is connected with the collector electrode of the second HF switch pipe (S4), the collector electrode of the first HF switch pipe (S3) is connected with direct-current input power supplying is anodal, and the emitter of the second HF switch pipe (S4) is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying;
The emitter of the first low frequency switching tube (S1) is connected with the collector electrode of the second low frequency switching tube (S2), when being connected with the positive pole of direct-current input power supplying, the collector electrode of the first low frequency switching tube (S1) also is connected with the collector electrode of the first HF switch pipe (S3), also be connected when the emitter of the second low frequency switching tube (S2) is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying, and the grid of this first, second two low frequency switching tubes (S1), (S2) is connected with control switch pipe speed unit respectively with the emitter of the second HF switch pipe (S4).
3. transformerless monolateral inductance grid-connected inverter circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: as described two HF switch pipes (S3), (S4) and two low frequency switching tubes (S1), (S2) when adopting power field effect transistor respectively, wherein:
The source electrode of the first HF switch pipe (S3) is connected with the drain electrode of the second HF switch pipe (S4), and the drain electrode of the first HF switch pipe (S3) is connected with direct-current input power supplying is anodal, and the source electrode of the second HF switch pipe (S4) is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying;
The source electrode of the first low frequency switching tube (S1) is connected with the drain electrode of the second low frequency switching tube (S2), when being connected with the positive pole of direct-current input power supplying, the drain electrode of the first low frequency switching tube (S1) also is connected with the drain electrode of the first HF switch pipe (S3), also be connected when the source electrode of the second low frequency switching tube (S2) is connected with the negative pole of direct-current input power supplying, and the grid of this first, second two low frequency switching tubes (S1), (S2) is connected with control switch pipe speed unit respectively with the source electrode of the second HF switch pipe (S4).
4. transformerless monolateral inductance grid-connected inverter circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described output module has an inductance at least, when the inductance in the output module has when a plurality of, described a plurality of inductance are connected in series, and are connected the zero line side or the live wire end of civil power.
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| CN102761283A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Inverter controlling method and device and inverter |
| WO2013163780A1 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | 上海康威特吉能源技术有限公司 | Alternately parallel-connected grid-connected inverter and control method therefor |
| CN104158429A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-11-19 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Three-level photovoltaic inverter pulse width modulation method and modulator |
| CN104300811A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-21 | 西安理工大学 | Unipolar and bipolar hybrid modulation method for single-phase voltage type PWM rectifier |
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Application publication date: 20111123 |