CN102252940A - Soil density measurement method and special wax-sealed paper box thereof - Google Patents
Soil density measurement method and special wax-sealed paper box thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102252940A CN102252940A CN 201110062176 CN201110062176A CN102252940A CN 102252940 A CN102252940 A CN 102252940A CN 201110062176 CN201110062176 CN 201110062176 CN 201110062176 A CN201110062176 A CN 201110062176A CN 102252940 A CN102252940 A CN 102252940A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil density measurement method and a special wax-sealed paper box thereof. The soil density measurement method comprises the following steps: 1) measuring volume density of A4 copy paper for making the special paper box; 2) making a planar unfolded pattern of the special paper box; 3) heating for melting solid paraffin; 4) covering a paraffin film on the planar unfolded pattern of the special paper box; 5) measuring weight of the special wax-sealed paper box fully containing soil samples in the air; 6) measuring the weight of the special wax-sealed paper box fully loaded with the soil samples in water; 7) comparing correctness of measured data; 8) performing parallel determination twice; and 9) calculating the density of the soil samples to be measured. The special wax-sealed paper box is a cuboid which is in volume of 30 cm<3> to 40 cm<3> and manufactured by the A4 copy paper, the differences among values of length, width and height of the special wax-sealed paper box are less than or equal to 5cm, the height value is larger than the length value and the width value respectively and the paraffin film in the thickness of 0.4-0.7mm is covered inside and outside the special wax-sealed paper box.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ground density measurement method, particularly the ground density measurement method of fine grained soil, sandy soil and particulate gravelly soil, middle grain gravelly soil soil sample.The special use that the invention still further relates to this method carton of sealing with wax.
Background technology
At present, the method for measured soil density mainly contains core cutter method, the electronic method that fetches earth, the method for sealing with wax, douche, sand replacement method.Core cutter method mainly be applicable to can plastotype the fine grained soil that does not contain gravel particle; The electronic method that fetches earth mainly is applicable to moulds soil firmly, and cost is higher; The method of sealing with wax mainly be applicable to can plastotype easily break soil and the irregular hard soil of form; Douche mainly is applicable to coarse-grained soil and over coarse grained soil; Sand replacement method mainly is applicable to on-site measurement fine grained soil, sandy soil and gravelly soil, cannot be at experimental determination.
At present, for contribution with paper or package paper etc., the paper of some of them type promptly is dampened after immersing in the water, the weight that contains the paper of water can significantly increase and immersion after paper meet external force and break easily, the water isolating of the paper of these types is poor, and after the paper of other types immerses in the water, though water isolating is better, but because the surface is too smooth and should not paste, can cause the carton sealing of pasting poor, scatter easily.So for making the small paper box aspect that is suitable for this test that water isolating is good and sealing is good, also do not have more perfect product at present.
Sandy soil etc. are difficult to fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil of plastotype, middle grain gravelly soil, because it is difficult to plastotype, for the soil sample of certain mass, difficulty is very big when measuring its volume, and also do not have plastotype mode preferably at present, so the measuring accuracy of its density has been produced considerable influence.In addition, also there is not at present in the laboratory, to measure the method that sandy soil etc. are difficult to the density of fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil of plastotype, middle gravelly soil.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to have overcome the problem that prior art exists, and provides a kind of and has measured the measuring method that sandy soil etc. are difficult to the density of fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil of plastotype, middle grain gravelly soil soil sample more accurately under laboratory or the field condition.Simultaneously, the present invention also provides special use in this method carton of sealing with wax.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: described ground density measurement method comprises the steps:
1. measure the volume density of the A4 copy paper be used to make special-purpose carton;
2. make the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton;
3. heating and melting solid paraffin;
4. the planar development pattern with special-purpose carton covers Parafilm;
5. measure the special use the fill with soil sample aerial quality of carton of sealing with wax;
6. measure the special use the fill soil sample quality of soil sample in water in the carton of sealing with wax;
7. compare and measure the correctness of data;
8. carry out twice replicate determination;
9. calculate the density of soil sample to be measured.
The volume density that measurement described in the technical scheme is used to make the A4 copy paper of special-purpose carton comprises the steps:
1. choose 100 of A4 copy papers, measure these 100 A4 copy papers gross thickness H centimetre;
2. measure the length l of wherein any 5 A4 copy papers
iCentimetre and width K
iCentimetre, these five A4 copy papers are put into the electronic balance weighing respectively, get the weight G of each A4 copy paper
iGram;
3. adopt the volume density v (gram/cubic centimetre) of the computing formula calculating A4 copy paper of A4 copy paper volume density;
The computing formula of A4 copy paper volume density:
The average length of A4 copy paper:
The mean breadth of A4 copy paper:
The average weight of A4 copy paper:
The thickness of 1 A4 copy paper: h=0.01H
The volume of 1 A4 copy paper: V=KLh
The volume density of 1 A4 copy paper is:
The planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton of the making described in the technical scheme comprises the steps:
1. according to the requirement of volume between 30 cubic centimetres to 40 cubic centimetres of special-purpose carton, on the A4 copy paper, measure and draw special-purpose carton length and width and high profile sideline, on the A4 copy paper, measure among the embodiment and draw special-purpose carton long 3 for centimetre, wide 3 be centimetre to be 3.5 centimetres profile sideline with height;
2. the left side of No. 1 soil sample contact region in the special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing and right side increase by 1 centimetre wide No. 1 rectangle stickup district respectively, the top of No. 1 soil sample contact region increases upper base and goes to the bottom that to be respectively 2 centimetres be 1 centimetre trapezoidal stickup district with 3 centimetres with height, the district is pasted with following No. 2 rectangles that increase by 1 centimetre wide respectively in the top of No. 4 soil sample contact regions and No. 5 soil sample contact regions, and the trapezoidal stickup district of special-purpose carton and No. 1 rectangle are pasted district and No. 2 rectangles and pasted the district and be pasted with respectively and paste and distinguish the double faced adhesive tape that another side that the identical one side of size and shape tears or not;
3. the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton is cut from the A4 copy paper, the double faced adhesive tape that the one side that shape is identical with the shape of pasting the district is torn is attached in the stickup district of special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing sample;
4. the planar development pattern that will post the special-purpose carton of double faced adhesive tape is placed on its quality of weighing m on the electronic balance that model is LT502
1, the unit gram.
The planar development pattern with special-purpose carton described in the technical scheme covers Parafilm and comprises the steps:
1. the planar development pattern with special-purpose carton immerses in the wax liquid of fusing point, proposes immediately after the submergence, makes the positive and negative surface of planar development pattern of special-purpose carton cover the tight Parafilm of one deck equably, and the thickness of Parafilm is about 0.4～0.7 millimeter;
2. after the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton proposed 10～20 minutes from wax liquid, paraffin plastotype can use in the positive and negative surface of planar development pattern of special-purpose carton;
3. the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton that will seal with wax is placed on its quality of weighing m on the electronic balance that model is LT502
2Gram.
The special use that soil sample is filled with in measurement described in the technical scheme aerial quality of carton of sealing with wax comprises the steps:
1. the another side of double faced adhesive tape in stickup district of planar development pattern that about face is covered the special-purpose carton of one deck Parafilm is torn, and the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton is pasted become to have only a still unencapsulated special use of the face carton of sealing with wax;
2. soil sample is filled special use seal with wax carton and the sealing, be placed on weighing on the electronic balance that model is LT502, and write down registration m
3Gram.
The density of the calculating soil sample to be measured described in the technical scheme comprises the steps:
Calculate the wet density formula of soil:
Utilize following formula can try to achieve the dry density of soil by the wet density of soil:
The volume density of v-A4 copy paper (gram/cubic centimetre);
m
1-preceding special-purpose carton the quality (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
2-special use after the sealing with wax carton quality (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
3-the special use of the filling with soil sample aerial quality of carton (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
4-the special use of the filling with soil sample quality (gram) of carton in distilled water of sealing with wax;
m
5The seal with wax quality (gram) of the carton of-special use of filling with soil sample of from distilled water, taking out and drying;
The temperature of distilled water in T-when test 250 milliliters the beaker (degree centigrade);
ρ
W-temperature is the density of T degree centigrade distilled water;
The wet density of ρ-soil sample to be measured is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre;
ρ
gThe dry density of-soil sample to be measured is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre;
ρ
n-paraffin density should be surveyed in advance, is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre, general desirable 0.92 gram/cubic centimetre;
The water percentage of ω-soil sample to be measured.
A kind of special use that realizes described ground density measurement method carton of sealing with wax.The described special use carton of sealing with wax is one and adopts volume that the A4 copy paper makes at 30 cubic centimetres to 40 cubic centimetres rectangular parallelepiped.The seal with wax length and width of carton and high value of special use differs smaller or equal to 5 centimetres, and the seal with wax height value of carton and length value and the special-purpose height value of carton and the value difference of width value of sealing with wax of special use is: 0＜value difference≤5 centimetre.Special use is sealed with wax and covered thickness on the inside of carton and the outside respectively is 0.4～0.7 millimeter Parafilm.
Special use described in the technical scheme seal with wax the length and width of carton and height be respectively 3 centimetres, 3 centimetres with 3.5 centimetres, special use is sealed with wax does not have bubble in the Parafilm that covers on the inside of carton and the outside.
Compared with prior art the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. present, for the mensuration of soil density, mainly the quality by writing down soil sample to be measured and the ratio of volume obtain this soil sample density.Be difficult to fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil of plastotype, middle grain gravelly soil for sandy soil etc., because soil itself can't plastotype, so the measuring accuracy for the volume of soil sample to be measured is lower at present.Ground density measurement method of the present invention can solve fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil that sandy soil etc. are difficult to plastotype, the plastotype problem of middle grain gravelly soil, greatly improved the measuring accuracy of soil sample volume to be measured, thereby greatly improved measuring accuracy for soil sample density to be measured.
2. the carton of sealing with wax of the special use in the ground density measurement method of the present invention, both had good water-resisting property, and because described special use is sealed with wax the stickup district part of carton is the copy paper papery that does not have paraffin, be convenient to paste sealing, so sealing is better, and cost is low, and its functional characteristics is particularly suitable for ground density measurement method of the present invention.
3. ground density measurement method of the present invention both can be carried out outdoor, can carry out indoor again.Test procedure is simple, and experimentation cost is low, and measuring process is complete, measurement result accurately, reliable, precision is higher, for sandy soil etc. are difficult to fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil of plastotype, middle grain gravelly soil provides practicable test method.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton in ground density measurement method of the present invention and the special-purpose carton of sealing with wax thereof;
Fig. 2 is for melting the structural principle synoptic diagram of the equipment that is adopted to paraffin in ground density measurement method of the present invention and the special-purpose carton of sealing with wax thereof;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the special-purpose carton waxdip in ground density measurement method of the present invention and the special-purpose carton of sealing with wax thereof;
Fig. 4 is the axonometric projection graph after the special-purpose carton of desire waxdip among Fig. 3 amplifies;
Fig. 5 is for measuring the seal with wax synoptic diagram of carton quality in water of the special use of filling soil sample in the ground density measurement method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the FB(flow block) of ground density measurement method of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1. physical balance, the 2. supporting counterweight of physical balance, 3. beaker, 4. distilled water, the special use of 5. the filling soil sample to be measured carton of sealing with wax, 6. trapezoidal stickup district, 7.1 number soil sample contact region, 8.2 number soil sample contact region, No. 9.3 soil sample contact regions, No. 10.4 soil sample contact regions, 11.5 number soil sample contact region, 12.6 number soil sample contact region, No. 13.2 rectangle is pasted the district, and No. 14.1 rectangle is pasted the district.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is explained in detail:
I. the special use carton of sealing with wax
Consult Fig. 1, the described special use carton of sealing with wax is used for loading easily break soil and sandy soil etc. and is difficult to fine grained soil, sandy soil and particulate gravelly soil, the soil sample such as grain gravelly soil etc. of plastotype.Requiring the special use of the present invention carton of sealing with wax is a volume at 30 cubic centimetres to 40 cubic centimetres rectangular parallelepiped, like this can the warranty test precision.The seal with wax value of length of carton of special use differs and is no more than 5 centimetres at most, long and wide value also can equate, and the height value of the special-purpose carton of sealing with wax is greater than special use the seal with wax length value and the width value of carton, the height value of the special-purpose in other words carton of sealing with wax is respectively greater than special use the seal with wax length value and the width value of carton, and special use the seal with wax height value of carton and the value difference of width value of height value and the length value and the special use of carton of sealing with wax is: 0＜value difference≤5 centimetre.
In ground density measurement method embodiment of the present invention, the material of the special-purpose carton before sealing with wax is original brand-new A4 copy paper, copy paper drying, cleaning.The physical dimension of the special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing before sealing with wax is chosen long 3 centimetres, and is wide 3 centimetres, high 3.5 centimetres.The vertical direction on some limit of the soil contact region in the special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing before sealing with wax in the edge increases the stickup district of 1 cm width, is used for each face of special-purpose carton is pasted together.Specifically, the left and right side of No. 1 soil sample contact region 7 of special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing increases by 1 centimetre wide No. 1 rectangle respectively and pastes the top of 14, No. 1 soil sample contact regions 7, district and increase upper base and go to the bottom that to be respectively 2 centimetres be 1 centimetre trapezoidal stickup district 6 with 3 centimetres, height.District 13 is pasted with following No. 2 rectangles that increase by 1 centimetre wide respectively in the top of No. 4 soil sample contact regions 10 and No. 5 soil sample contact regions 11.The trapezoidal stickup district 6 of special-purpose carton and No. 1 rectangle are pasted district 14 and No. 2 rectangles and are pasted district 13 and be pasted with respectively and paste the double faced adhesive tape that the district is big or small, shape is identical one side is torn, each surface of contact of pasting between the district of double faced adhesive tape and special-purpose carton is pasted fully, and the another side of double faced adhesive tape is not torn.Because the dedicated paper box body before sealing with wax is long-pending less, the quality that is attached to the double faced adhesive tape on the special-purpose carton is less than 0.01 gram, so very little to the influence of the measuring accuracy generation of ground density measurement method of the present invention.
Consult Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the positive and negative surface of the special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing sample after sealing with wax has all covered the thin and tight Parafilm of one deck, the thickness of Parafilm is about 0.4～0.7 millimeter, Parafilm makes every effort to cover evenly, thickness is identical, must guarantee that paraffin all covers the contact region of special-purpose carton and soil sample.If on the paraffin mould on the special-purpose carton surface of sealing with wax bubble is arranged, need to fill pin hole with paraffin again with hot acupuncture relieving stagnant Qi bubble, be coated with flat pin hole.Need to wait for 10 to 20 minutes at last, the special-purpose carton after waiting to seal with wax is cooled to room temperature fully, and the paraffin on the special-purpose carton can use after solidifying fully.
II. ground density measurement method of the present invention
Ground density measurement method of the present invention is applicable to that sandy soil etc. are difficult to the measurement of the density of fine grained soil, sandy soil and the particulate gravelly soil of plastotype, middle grain gravelly soil.According to sieve method (T 0115-1993), described soil grain class range is defined as fine grained soil at 0.002mm～0.075mm, described grain class range is defined as sandy soil at the soil of 0.075mm～2mm, described soil grain class range is defined as the particulate gravelly soil at 2mm～5mm, described grain class range grain gravelly soil in the soil of 5mm～20mm is defined as.
Consult Fig. 6, the step of ground density measurement method of the present invention is as follows:
1. measure the volume density of the A4 copy paper be used to make special-purpose carton
The special use carton of sealing with wax is used for loading easily break soil and sandy soil etc. and is difficult to fine grained soil, sandy soil and particulate gravelly soil, the soil sample such as grain gravelly soil etc. of plastotype.Carton described in the present invention has two kinds of appellations: be called special-purpose carton before sealing with wax, be called the special use carton of sealing with wax after sealing with wax.
1) gauger chooses 100 of the A4 copy papers of brand-new dry cleansing, uses vernier caliper to measure gross thickness H centimetre of this 100 A4 copy papers;
2) with range be the length l of 50 centimetres wherein any 5 the A4 copy papers of straight steel ruler measurement
iCentimetre and width K
iCentimetre, these five A4 copy papers are put into the electronic balance weighing that precision is 0.01g respectively, write down the weight G of each A4 copy paper
iGram;
3) computing formula of employing A4 copy paper volume density can calculate the volume density v (gram/cubic centimetre) of A4 copy paper.
The computing formula of A4 blank sheet of paper volume density:
The average length of A4 copy paper:
The mean breadth of A4 copy paper:
The average weight of A4 copy paper:
The thickness of 1 A4 copy paper: h=0.01H
The volume of 1 A4 copy paper: V=KLh
The volume density of 1 A4 copy paper is:
2. make the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton
1) consult Fig. 1, the volume that requires special-purpose carton can guarantee the measuring accuracy of ground density measurement method of the present invention like this between 30 cubic centimetres to 40 cubic centimetres.On the A4 copy paper, measure and draw special-purpose carton length and width and high profile sideline.Embodiment among the present invention is according to the physical dimension of designed special-purpose carton, and using range on the A4 copy paper is that 50 centimetres straight steel ruler is measured and the special-purpose carton length of drawing is 3 centimetres, and wide to be 3 centimetres be 3.5 centimetres profile sideline with height.
2) No. 1 rectangle increasing by 1 cm width respectively top of pasting 14, No. 1 soil sample contact regions 7, district in the left and right sides of No. 1 soil sample contact region 7 of special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing increases upper base and goes to the bottom that to be respectively 2 centimetres and 3 centimetres, height be 1 centimetre trapezoidal stickup district 6.District 13 is pasted with following No. 2 rectangles that increase by 1 centimetre wide respectively in the top of No. 4 soil sample contact regions 10 and No. 5 soil sample contact regions 11.The trapezoidal stickup district 6 of special-purpose carton and No. 1 rectangle are pasted district 14 and No. 2 rectangles and are pasted district 13 and be pasted with respectively and paste the double faced adhesive tape that the district is big or small, shape is identical one side is torn, each surface of contact of pasting between the district of double faced adhesive tape and special-purpose carton is pasted fully, and the another side of double faced adhesive tape is not torn.
3) the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton that design is finished is cut from the A4 copy paper, and the one side of double faced adhesive tape is torn, and is attached in the stickup district of special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing sample, and the shape of double faced adhesive tape is identical with the shape of pasting the district.
4) the planar development pattern that will post the special-purpose carton of double faced adhesive tape is placed on its quality of weighing m on the electronic balance that model is LT502
1(gram).
Because the dedicated paper box body before sealing with wax is long-pending less, the quality that is attached to the double faced adhesive tape on the carton is less than 0.01 gram, so very little to the influence of the measuring accuracy generation of ground density measurement method of the present invention.
3. heating and melting solid paraffin
Consult Fig. 2, the solid paraffin under the normal temperature is placed in 250 milliliters the beaker, 250 milliliters beakers are placed on the asbestos gauge, utilize tripod to support asbestos gauge and beaker, spirit lamp is in below.Install and light spirit lamp behind the instrument and give 250 milliliters beaker heating, paraffin is slowly melted in beaker.The gauger needs constantly to stir paraffin with glass bar in heating process, guarantees to be heated evenly.
When this step should be able to guarantee that the paraffin major part is melted, the volume sum of solid paraffin and whiteruss was about 1/2 of beaker volume, and it is good to guarantee to seal with wax after next step special-purpose carton enters in the beaker.Because paraffin is noncrystal, there is not fixing fusing point, so in the process that paraffin melts, the gauger need note the fusing situation of paraffin at any time, hold the preferably opportunity of the special-purpose carton of sealing with wax.
4. the planar development pattern with special-purpose carton covers Parafilm
1) consults Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, with heating paraffin to shortly past fusing point, be that most of paraffin is when melting, clamp a stickup district of the planar development pattern of the preceding special-purpose carton of making in the step 1 of sealing with wax with tweezers, the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton is slowly immersed in the wax liquid of fusing point, propose immediately after the submergence, make the positive and negative surface of special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing sample evenly cover the tight Parafilm of skim.The thickness of Parafilm is 0.4～0.7 millimeter, and the thickness of Parafilm is 0.5 millimeter among the embodiment, and Parafilm makes every effort to cover evenly, and thickness is identical, must guarantee that paraffin all covers the contact region of carton and soil sample.If on the Parafilm on the planar development pattern surface of special-purpose carton bubble is arranged, need to fill pin hole with paraffin again with hot acupuncture relieving stagnant Qi bubble, be coated with flat pin hole.
2) need to wait for 10 to 20 minutes at last, the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton after waiting to seal with wax is cooled to room temperature fully, and paraffin plastotype behind the positive and negative surface of planar development pattern of special-purpose carton, can use.
3) the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton that will seal with wax is placed on its quality of weighing m on the electronic balance that model is LT502
2(gram).
5. measure the special use the fill with soil sample aerial quality of carton of sealing with wax
1) another side of double faced adhesive tape in stickup district of planar development pattern that about face is covered the special-purpose carton of layer of even Parafilm is torn, and should all tear for the double faced adhesive tape that lost efficacy in the back that is heated, and pastes new double faced adhesive tape.With the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton that covers cere along each edge contraction shown in Fig. 1, note repeatedly not folding, prevent to paste the district and with too much the coming off of paraffin of the intersection of the surface in contact of soil sample, repeatedly foldingly also cause the fracture of folding line place easily.Firmly push double faced adhesive tape, it is good that each face of double faced adhesive tape and special-purpose carton is pasted.The planar development pattern of special-purpose carton pasted become to have only a still unencapsulated special use of the long and wide face that the surrounds carton of sealing with wax.
2) soil sample being filled the special use carton of sealing with wax, is that 50 centimetres straight steel ruler is wipeed soil sample off with range, is full of soil sample to be measured in the carton when guaranteeing the unencapsulated face seal of carton, does not have air.At this moment, the experimenter can push soil sample downwards with hand, controls the compaction of soil sample qualitatively.Fill the carton of sealing with wax of soil sample, because soil sample is soft medium to the pressure effect and the carton of each face of carton, the actual volume that causes carton is greater than theoretical displacement, and the carton global approximation of sealing with wax is dolioform.With the still unencapsulated face seal of carton, rock to all directions more at last, guarantee that carton does not leak soil sample, be placed on weighing on the electronic balance that model is LT502, and write down registration m
3(gram).
6. measure the special use the fill soil sample quality of soil sample in water in the carton of sealing with wax
Consult Fig. 5, measure the special use the fill soil sample quality of soil sample in water in the carton of sealing with wax, and utilize Archimedes' principle to converse the seal with wax volume of soil sample to be measured in the carton of special use.Fill the carton of sealing with wax of soil sample with the fine rule binding, even an end of fine rule is held in the hand, the other end is around special use carton one circle of sealing with wax, then with do again after the two ends Rotate 180 degree of this fine rule above-mentioned around, at last the two ends of fine rule are fastened, and reserve one section line, and mentioning the line that this section reserved like this, carton can be mentioned.The student who with model is J11001-500 adjusts to operable state with physical balance.Pour the distilled water of q.s into to 250 milliliters beaker, the distillation water yield of injection is about 2/3 of beaker volume, and the student who then 250 milliliters beaker is placed on model and is J11001-500 is with on the saucer dish of physical balance.The end of reserving of fine rule is tied up on student's usefulness hanger of physical balance that model is J11001-500, making it be immersed in model is that the student of J11001-500 is with in the beaker that fills distilled water on the physical balance objective table, notice that the small paper box of filling soil sample does not contact the beaker wall of cup, prevent with wall of cup between produce the effect of power or contact with wall of cup that afterwards the wax layer is destroyed, influence measurement result.To model is that the student of J11001-500 adds counterweight in the right side of physical balance dish, and suitable adjusting rider is measured the seal with wax m of quality under water of carton of the special use of filling soil sample
4(gram), accurately to 0.02g, and the temperature T of measurement distilled water (degree centigrade).
7. compare and measure the correctness of data
The special use of the filling soil sample carton of sealing with wax is taken out from water, dry the moisture on carton surface, in air, claim its quality m
5(gram).With itself and the 4th the step in alleged quality m
3Compare, if quality increases, expression has moisture to enter to fill the special use of soil sample to seal with wax in the carton; Surpass 0.03 gram, the above-mentioned test of should reforming if immerse the moisture quality.
8. carry out twice replicate determination
To the soil sample numbering to be measured of being got, soil sample to be measured to same lot number is got sample identical more than two, (comprise temperature, humidity, instrument, reagent with on all four condition, and survey crew) measures, see its result's consistance, the difference of twice replicate determination of two sample rooms must not be greater than 0.03 gram/cubic centimetre, otherwise the density value of the mean value of twice measured value as last soil sample got in the above-mentioned test of reforming.
9. calculate the wet density of soil sample to be measured
" People's Republic of China's industry standard-highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) is divided into soil wet density and dry density of soil with the density of soil, utilizes formula measurement result to be handled the wet density that promptly can obtain soil sample to be measured.Calculate the wet density formula of soil:
Utilize following formula can try to achieve the dry density of soil by the wet density of soil:
The volume density of v-A4 copy paper (gram/cubic centimetre);
m
1-preceding special-purpose carton the quality (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
2-special use after the sealing with wax carton quality (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
3-the special use of the filling with soil sample aerial quality of carton (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
4-the special use of the filling with soil sample quality (gram) of carton in distilled water of sealing with wax;
m
5The seal with wax quality (gram) of the carton of-special use of filling with soil sample of from distilled water, taking out and drying;
The temperature of distilled water in T-when test 250 milliliters the beaker (degree centigrade);
ρ
W-temperature is the density of T degree centigrade distilled water;
The wet density of ρ-soil sample to be measured is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre;
ρ
gThe dry density of-soil sample to be measured is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre;
ρ
n-paraffin density should be surveyed in advance, is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre, general desirable 0.92 gram/cubic centimetre;
The water percentage of ω-soil sample to be measured.
Employed measuring appliance of ground density measurement method and performance parameter among the embodiment
1. main surveying instrument and performance parameter in the ground density measurement method of the present invention
1) model is the physical balance of J11001-500
2) model is the electronic balance of LT502
3) thermometer
Range: 50 degrees centigrade, 200 degrees centigrade.
4) vernier caliper
Precision: 0.02 centimetre.
5) straight steel ruler
Range: 50 centimetres.
2. employed other DO-IT-YOURSELF DIY of ground density measurement method of the present invention
Comprise beaker (250 milliliters), spirit lamp, asbestos gauge, tripod, fine rule, canvas gloves, paraffin, adhesive tape, double faced adhesive tape, scissors, tweezers, mouth mask, vernier caliper, towel, straight steel ruler, pin, glass bar, A4 copy paper.
Claims (8)
1. a ground density measurement method is characterized in that, described ground density measurement method comprises the steps:
1) measures the volume density of the A4 copy paper be used to make special-purpose carton;
2) the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton of making;
3) heating and melting solid paraffin;
4) the planar development pattern with special-purpose carton covers Parafilm;
5) measure the special use the fill with soil sample aerial quality of carton of sealing with wax;
6) measure the special use the fill soil sample quality of soil sample in water in the carton of sealing with wax;
7) compare and measure the correctness of data;
8) carry out twice replicate determination;
9) density of calculating soil sample to be measured.
2. according to the described ground density measurement method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the volume density that described measurement is used to make the A4 copy paper of special-purpose carton comprises the steps:
1) chooses 100 of A4 copy papers, gross thickness H centimetre of measuring these 100 A4 copy papers;
2) length l of wherein any 5 the A4 copy papers of measurement
iCentimetre and width K
iCentimetre, these five A4 copy papers are put into the electronic balance weighing respectively, get the weight G of each A4 copy paper
iGram;
3) computing formula of employing A4 copy paper volume density is calculated the volume density v (gram/cubic centimetre) of A4 copy paper;
The computing formula of A4 copy paper volume density:
The average length of A4 copy paper:
The mean breadth of A4 copy paper:
The average weight of A4 copy paper:
The thickness of 1 A4 copy paper: h=0.01H
The volume of 1 A4 copy paper: V=KLh
The volume density of 1 A4 copy paper is:
3. according to the described ground density measurement method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton of described making comprises the steps:
1) according to the requirement of volume between 30 cubic centimetres to 40 cubic centimetres of special-purpose carton, on the A4 copy paper, measure and draw special-purpose carton length and width and high profile sideline, on the A4 copy paper, measure among the embodiment and draw special-purpose carton long 3 for centimetre, wide 3 be centimetre to be 3.5 centimetres profile sideline with height;
2) left side of No. 1 soil sample contact region (7) in the special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing and right side increase by 1 centimetre wide No. 1 rectangle stickup district (14) respectively, the top of No. 1 soil sample contact region (7) increases upper base and goes to the bottom that to be respectively 2 centimetres be 1 centimetre trapezoidal stickup district (6) with 3 centimetres with height, district (13) is pasted with following No. 2 rectangles that increase by 1 centimetre wide respectively in the top of No. 4 soil sample contact regions (10) and No. 5 soil sample contact regions (11), and the trapezoidal stickup district (6) of special-purpose carton and No. 1 rectangle are pasted district (14) and No. 2 rectangles and pasted and distinguish (13) and be pasted with respectively and paste and distinguish the double faced adhesive tape that another side that the identical one side of size and shape tears or not;
3) the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton is cut from the A4 copy paper, the double faced adhesive tape that the one side that shape is identical with the shape of pasting the district is torn is attached in the stickup district of special-purpose carton plane outspread drawing sample;
4) the planar development pattern that will post the special-purpose carton of double faced adhesive tape is placed on its quality of weighing m on the electronic balance that model is LT502
1, the unit gram.
4. according to the described ground density measurement method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described planar development pattern with special-purpose carton covers Parafilm and comprises the steps:
1) the planar development pattern with special-purpose carton immerses in the wax liquid of fusing point, proposes immediately after the submergence, makes the positive and negative surface of planar development pattern of special-purpose carton cover the tight Parafilm of one deck equably, and the thickness of Parafilm is about 0.4～0.7 millimeter;
2) after the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton proposed 10～20 minutes from wax liquid, paraffin plastotype can use in the positive and negative surface of planar development pattern of special-purpose carton;
3) the planar development pattern of the special-purpose carton that will seal with wax is placed on its quality of weighing m on the electronic balance that model is LT502
2Gram.
5. according to the described ground density measurement method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the special use that soil sample is filled with in the described measurement aerial quality of carton of sealing with wax comprises the steps:
1) another side of double faced adhesive tape in stickup district of planar development pattern that about face is covered the special-purpose carton of one deck Parafilm is torn, and the planar development pattern of special-purpose carton is pasted become to have only a still unencapsulated special use of the face carton of sealing with wax;
2) soil sample is filled special use seal with wax carton and the sealing, be placed on weighing on the electronic balance that model is LT502, and write down registration m
3Gram.
6. according to the described ground density measurement method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the density of described calculating soil sample to be measured comprises the steps:
Calculate the wet density formula of soil:
Utilize following formula can try to achieve the dry density of soil by the wet density of soil:
The volume density of v-A4 copy paper (gram/cubic centimetre);
m
1-preceding special-purpose carton the quality (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
2-special use after the sealing with wax carton quality (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
3-the special use of the filling with soil sample aerial quality of carton (gram) of sealing with wax;
m
4-the special use of the filling with soil sample quality (gram) of carton in distilled water of sealing with wax;
m
5The seal with wax quality (gram) of the carton of-special use of filling with soil sample of from distilled water, taking out and drying;
The temperature of distilled water in T-when test 250 milliliters the beaker (degree centigrade);
ρ
W-temperature is the density of T degree centigrade distilled water;
The wet density of ρ-soil sample to be measured is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre;
ρ
gThe dry density of-soil sample to be measured is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre;
ρ
n-paraffin density should be surveyed in advance, is accurate to 0.01 gram/cubic centimetre, general desirable 0.92 gram/cubic centimetre;
The water percentage of ω-soil sample to be measured.
7. a special use that realizes the described ground density measurement method of claim 1 carton of sealing with wax, it is characterized in that, the described special use carton of sealing with wax is one and adopts volume that the A4 copy paper makes at 30 cubic centimetres to 40 cubic centimetres rectangular parallelepiped, the seal with wax length and width of carton and high value of special use differs smaller or equal to 5 centimetres, the seal with wax height value of carton and length value and the special-purpose height value of carton and the value difference of width value of sealing with wax of special use is: sealing with wax and covered thickness on the inside of carton and the outside respectively in 0＜value difference≤5 centimetre, special use is 0.4～0.7 millimeter Parafilm.
8. according to the described special use of claim 7 carton of sealing with wax, it is characterized in that, described special use seal with wax the length and width of carton and height be respectively 3 centimetres, 3 centimetres with 3.5 centimetres, special use is sealed with wax does not have bubble in the Parafilm that covers on the inside of carton and the outside.
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| CN 201110062176 CN102252940B (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Soil density measurement method and special wax-sealed paper box thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102818747A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-12 | 宝丰县五星石墨有限公司 | Irregular carbon block density measurement device and irregular carbon block density measurement method |
| CN102829836A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for volume measuring of crack soil |
| CN103245589A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-14 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Method for determining bulk density of field core sample from asphalt pavement |
| CN107101909A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-29 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of wet density test device |
| CN111272250A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-12 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for measuring volume and density of solid object |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102818747A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-12 | 宝丰县五星石墨有限公司 | Irregular carbon block density measurement device and irregular carbon block density measurement method |
| CN102829836A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for volume measuring of crack soil |
| CN102829836B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-12-03 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for volume measuring of crack soil |
| CN103245589A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-14 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Method for determining bulk density of field core sample from asphalt pavement |
| CN107101909A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-29 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of wet density test device |
| CN111272250A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-12 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for measuring volume and density of solid object |
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|---|---|
| CN102252940B (en) | 2013-04-03 |
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