CN102252474B - Device for inhibiting frost formation of evaporimeter by supersonic vibration - Google Patents
Device for inhibiting frost formation of evaporimeter by supersonic vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN102252474B CN102252474B CN 201110136055 CN201110136055A CN102252474B CN 102252474 B CN102252474 B CN 102252474B CN 201110136055 CN201110136055 CN 201110136055 CN 201110136055 A CN201110136055 A CN 201110136055A CN 102252474 B CN102252474 B CN 102252474B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for inhibiting frost formation of an evaporimeter by supersonic vibration. The device comprises the evaporimeter which comprises liquid tubes; the liquid tubes are connected with fins; the liquid tubes are connected with a vibration transfer plate; and the vibration transfer plate comprises a vibration bearing surface which is fixedly connected with a power ultrasonic transducer. The vibration of the power ultrasonic transducer is transferred to the fins through the vibration transfer plate and the liquid tubes, so that the supersonic vibration can be dispersed to the whole evaporimeter. Power ultrasonic waves are all distributed on the whole evaporimeter, early crystal growth can be disturbed by using mechanical vibration effect of power ultrasonic waves, and depending on the high accelerated speed and low amplitude action force, and the frost crystal is broken and falls off on the fins on which the frost crystal grows; therefore, the frost blockage between the fins is avoided. The device has a simple structure, is low in energy consumption, has a good frost formation effect and a good frost removal effect, and can inhibit and reduce the frost formation of the evaporimeter, achieve the effect of descaling the surface of the evaporimeter, and guarantee the normal heat exchange of the evaporimeter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Defrost technology field of refrigeration plant, especially relate to a kind of ultrasonic device that prevents and reduce the refrigeration plant evaporimeter frosting that utilizes.
Background technology
The evaporimeter frosting of the refrigeration plants such as the air-conditioning of Air-source Heat Pump, wind cooling refrigerator, air-cooler is a technical barrier of puzzlement refrigeration industry.The air duct of evaporimeter is stopped up in heat pump air side evaporator surface frosting meeting, increase air flow resistance and air-pressure drop, reduce air mass flow and increase the evaporimeter heat transfer resistance, thereby reduced evaporating temperature, reduced the average heat transfer coefficient of evaporimeter, so that the heat exchange efficiency degradation of evaporimeter.Thermal conductivity factor contrast reference table 1.
Must defrost when evaporimeter frosting is serious.Main employing is with the way of hot defrosting at present.Defrost not only consumes a large amount of heats, and the complete compressor that also needs of defrost does work more, and evaporator temperature is descended again is withdrawn into low-temperature condition, still need expend a large amount of electric energy.If frequent defrost, defrost are not to the utmost, frost layer is blocked up, and then compressor and heat pump can't normally move.For air-conditioning, during the operation of winter air-conditioning heating mode, because the frosting of evaporimeter causes evaporimeter heat exchange efficiency degradation, can't be to the indoor warm braw that provides, indoor comfortableness degradation; For wind cooling refrigerator, since the frosting of evaporimeter and electric defrosting repeatedly, in a large number power consumptions, and the temperature fluctuation of refrigerator affects the quality of institute's store food.
Power ultrasonic is a kind of sound wave, and it has following characteristics: have larger energy but without quality 1.; 2. higher than frequency of sound wave, people's ear be can't hear, and can not cause interference on the sound sensation to the people; 3. have large acceleration and short arc (about 3 μ m), power ultrasonic is propagated in solid, has obvious mechanical oscillation effect and fuel factor.When power ultrasonic is propagated, ultrasonic acoustic energy is converted into mechanical oscillation in solid, makes solid dielectric that the vibration of short arc, high-frequency, high acceleration can occur.The ultrasonic vibration sieve is that the typical case of ultrasonic vibration uses.It relies on introduces a short arc, high-frequency ultrasonic vibration ripple (mechanical wave) on the screen cloth, make super-fine powder accept huge ultrasonic acceleration, thereby the factors such as anti-adhesion, friction improve screening benefit and effect.
The scholar of Japan in 1998 has carried out (20*92.6*1.9mm) on the aluminum strip and has applied ultrasonic vibration to the research of the impact that suppresses frosting, a vibration that causes with the transducer of ultrasonic transformer is put on this aluminum strip, find in the test, apply 37KHz, 3.1 μ m ultrasonic vibrations can reduce by 60% frosting degree.
Italian scholar had proposed a kind of thought and test of adopting piezoelectric patches to carry out commercial evaporator defrost in 2004, it is very large that it has customized a spacing of fins, fin evaporimeter seldom suppresses and reduces the test of frosting in the mode of a piezoelectric patches of each fin stickup.
Guangzhou " vibration type heat exchanger for air conditioner " (patent No. is ZL200520042900) patent had been mentioned a kind of heat exchanger that relies on the ultrasonic transducer driving of ultra-magnetic telescopic in 2005, its objective is to be the A/C evaporator scale removal, to increase heat-exchange capacity.
Shanghai Communications University's " ultrasonic wave automatic defrosting device for refrigerator " (patent No. is ZL 200610028892) patent had been mentioned the employing probe as trigger condition in 2007, and transducer is installed in a side of refrigerant line, relied on the mode of ultrasonic vibration to defrost.
Guangzhou " a kind of ultrasonic flexural vibration device " (patent No. is ZL 200720050040) patent had been mentioned the structure of significant lifting transducer power in 2007.
Mentioned the thought of ultrasound wave defrosting in Southeast China University's " air source heat pump ultrasound wave defrosting system " (patent No. is ZL 200720043382) patent in 2007, and the unity of thinking of " air-cooler ultrasound wave defrosting technology " paper in 2003.
Through literature survey, finds present ultrasonic defrosting and suppresses frosting mainly to rest on the test trial stage, though have certain patent and paper to occur, structure, the parameter when being used for defrosting is indefinite or can't commercialization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device that adopts ultrasonic vibration to suppress evaporimeter frosting, guarantee frostless obstruction between evaporator fin, make evaporimeter both sides air can continue normal circulation, thereby fully guarantee the normal heat exchange of evaporimeter.
For achieving the above object, the device that employing ultrasonic vibration of the present invention suppresses evaporimeter frosting comprises evaporimeter, evaporimeter comprises the liquid pipe, be connected with fin on the liquid pipe, be connected with the biography vibration plate on the described liquid pipe, described biography vibration plate includes a vibration face, is fixedly connected with the power ultrasonic wave transducer on the described vibration face.
The vibration of power ultrasonic wave transducer is delivered on the fin by passing vibration plate and liquid pipe, thereby so that ultrasonic vibration can be distributed to whole evaporimeter.During evaporator operation, can there be certain white ball phenomenon (certain node effect) in the fin place, but white ball and fin contact force are not strong; Along with the time of system works is elongated, the frost ball becomes large, and under the synergy of gravity and vibration, come off, so that the white ball number on the evaporimeter reduces and makes whole evaporator surface without significantly long-pending white, thereby need not heat defrosting, so just reduced because of hot energy consumption and relevant issues that defrost and bring repeatedly.All be distributed with power ultrasonic on the whole evaporimeter, just can utilize the mechanical oscillation effect of power ultrasonic, rely on its huge acceleration and short arc active force, disturb early stage hoar crystal bulk-growth, the hoar crystal body is fractureed, comes off in the fin of its accompanying growth, thereby guarantee between fin frostless stifled.The ultrasonic vibration frequency is high, and amplitude minimum (about 3 μ m) is to the structure of liquid pipe and evaporimeter can not cause damage (according to statistics: amplitude easily causes damage to structure after surpassing 1mm).In a word, the present invention is simple in structure, energy consumption is low, it is good to suppress frosting/defrosting effect, can suppress and reduce evaporimeter frosting, and can realize the scale removal effect of evaporator surface, guarantees the normal heat exchange of evaporimeter.
Described power ultrasonic wave transducer is to be spirally connected or bonding mode is fixedly connected on the described vibration face.
The power ultrasonic wave transducer is to be spirally connected or bonding mode is fixedly connected on the described vibration face, and connected mode is simple and reliable, is convenient to make.
Described power ultrasonic wave transducer adopt operating frequency 15 ~ 120kHz (should preferentially select 20 ~ 60kHz) and single operating power be not more than PZT (piezoelectric transducer) or the magnetostrictive transducer of 100W.
The concrete type selecting of described power ultrasonic wave transducer is fit to suppress evaporimeter frosting and uses very much.
Described vibration face welds or is bonded on the described liquid pipe, and it is firm that this described vibration face is connected with described liquid pipe, is convenient to simultaneously make.
Described biography vibration plate also includes a vibration level that is wholely set or links together with described vibration face, and described vibration level and described vibration face are perpendicular; Described vibration level is provided with installing hole in order to be plugged on the described liquid pipe, and described liquid pipe is fixedly connected with described vibration level by described installing hole.
Described liquid pipe is fixedly connected with described vibration level by described installing hole, makes the stable connection of liquid pipe and vibration level reliable, can make stable, the Transmit evenly feeding pipe of ultrasonic vibration.
Described power ultrasonic wave transducer is connected with ultrasonic power.
The power ultrasonic wave transducer is connected with ultrasonic power, has so just improved integrated level of the present invention, has also just saved the step of other connection ultrasonic power when installing and using.
Be provided with long-pending white treating apparatus below described liquid pipe and described fin, long-pending white treating apparatus is used for receiving by the frost that comes off on liquid pipe and the described fin.
The setting of long-pending white treating apparatus is convenient to collect from the evaporimeter frost that (shaking) fall that comes off.The air cooling refrigerator evaporator below preferably arranges a long-pending white treating apparatus, and need not under the A/C evaporator to arrange should long-pending white treating apparatus.
The vibration face of described biography vibration plate and vibration level consist of T-shaped or inverted L shape, and the thickness of described vibration face and vibration level is 1 ~ 4mm, and the vibration face is 20 ~ 50mm with the width that power ultrasonic wave transducer radiating surface contacts.
The cross section that passes vibration plate is T-shaped or inverted L shape, thus both be convenient to the liquid pipe between form by expand tube be fixedly connected with reliably, stablize, the Transmit evenly vibration, be convenient to again manufacturing and installation.
Described biography vibration plate evenly is provided with N on described liquid pipe, wherein N 〉=1 passes vibration plate evaporimeter is divided into N+1 part; Evenly be fixedly connected with along its length M power ultrasonic wave transducer on the vibration face of each biography vibration plate, wherein M 〉=1 will pass vibration plate and be divided into along its length the M+1 section.Only install on each passes vibration plate in the situation of a transducer (M=1), the skew that can suitably make progress of the installation site of transducer can be installed in upper 1/4 ~ 1/2 place on the biography vibration plate length direction of edge.
Pass the setting of vibration plate and power ultrasonic wave transducer, be convenient to ultrasonic vibration and more be evenly distributed on the whole evaporimeter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that biography vibration plate and evaporimeter liquid pipe are welded to connect;
Fig. 3 is that the cross section is the structural representation of T-shaped biography vibration plate;
Fig. 4 is that the cross section is the structural representation of the biography vibration plate of inverted L shape;
Fig. 5 arranges a structural representation that passes vibration plate in the middle of the evaporimeter;
Fig. 6 arranges two structural representations that pass vibration plate in the middle of the evaporimeter;
Fig. 7 arranges one to pass the structural representation that two power ultrasonic wave transducers are set on vibration plate and this biography vibration plate in the middle of the evaporimeter;
Fig. 8 evenly arranges 3 structural representations that pass vibration plate in the middle of the evaporimeter.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 to shown in Figure 8, the device that employing ultrasonic vibration of the present invention suppresses evaporimeter frosting comprises evaporimeter, evaporimeter comprises that liquid pipe 3(liquid pipe 3 is copper pipe or aluminum pipe), the connected mode that form by expand tube on the liquid pipe 3 is connected with fin 2(expand tube can guarantee that perforation place is interference fit), be connected with the biography vibration plate on the described liquid pipe 3, pass vibration plate and preferably adopt copper, aluminium or other metal alloy, be mainly used in transmitting the high-frequency mechanical vibration that ultrasonic wave and mechanical effect of ultrasound cause.Pass vibration plate and comprise a vibration face 1A, vibration face 1A welds or is bonded on the described liquid pipe 3, vertically is fixedly connected with power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 on the described vibration face 1A.Described power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 can be to be screwed onto on the described vibration face 1A, also can use ultrasonic special glue to be bonded on the described vibration face 1A.Described power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 adopt operating frequencies 15 ~ 120kHz(should preferentially select 20 ~ 60kHz) and single operating power be not more than PZT (piezoelectric transducer) or the magnetostrictive transducer of 100W.Described power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 is connected with ultrasonic power 5(ultrasonic power 5 and is prior art).Be provided with long-pending white treating apparatus 6 below described liquid pipe 3 and described fin 2, long-pending white treating apparatus 6 is used for receiving by the frost that comes off on liquid pipe 3 and the described fin 2.Certainly, for wind cooling refrigerator, a long-pending white treating apparatus 6 preferably is set, and for air-conditioning, need not under the A/C evaporator to arrange should long-pending white treating apparatus 6 below its evaporimeter.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that biography vibration plate and evaporimeter liquid pipe 3 are welded to connect, on the liquid pipe 3 of evaporimeter, directly weld or N (N 〉=1) metallic plate of bonding (metallic plate adopts the materials such as copper, aluminium or alloy) conduct biography vibration plate, evaporimeter is divided into N+1 part, and every liquid pipe 3 can both well contact with the biography vibration plate.Power ultrasonic transducer 4 installs and fixes at the vibration face 1A that passes vibration plate.
According to the different sizes of distinct device evaporimeter, described biography vibration plate evenly is provided with N on described liquid pipe 3, and wherein N 〉=1 passes vibration plate evaporimeter is divided into N+1 part; Evenly be fixedly connected with along its length M (M 〉=1) power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 on the vibration face 1A of each biography vibration plate, will pass vibration plate and be divided into along its length the M+1 section, the span of M is 1 ~ 4 generally speaking.Pass in the situation that a transducer only is installed on the vibration plate (M=1) at each, the skew that can suitably make progress of the installation site of transducer, can be installed in along upper 1/4 ~ 1/2 place that passes on the vibration plate length direction, solve evaporimeter with emphasis and be easy to frosting and the serious upper area of frosting.The thickness that passes vibration plate is 1 ~ 4mm.
As shown in Figure 5, be provided with one in the middle of the evaporimeter and pass vibration plate, evaporimeter is divided into two parts.Carrying out ultrasonic vibration along the centre position power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 of installation that passes on the vibration plate vibration face 1A length direction, because ultrasonic vibration can along liquid pipe 3 to radiation all around, therefore pass on vibration plate, liquid pipe 3 and the fin 2 and can both be distributed with ultrasonic wave.
As shown in Figure 6, the centre evenly is provided with two and passes vibration plates on evaporimeter, and evaporimeter is divided into three parts.In each centre position along passing on the vibration plate vibration face 1A length direction that passes vibration plate vibration face 1A a ultrasonic transducer 4 is installed respectively; Two ultrasonic transducer 4 nominal frequencies that pass on the vibration plate can be different, also can be identical.When frequency is identical, adopts and work simultaneously, to strengthen the uniformity of ultrasound intensity and radiation; If the frequency of two ultrasonic transducers 4 is different, can adopt the timesharing collaborative work, the phenomenon of the long-pending frost in subregion of the copper pipe correspondence top fin 2 that the node effect of vibrating with elimination causes.
As shown in Figure 7, in the middle of evaporimeter, installed one and passed vibration plate, evaporimeter has been divided into two parts.On biography vibration plate vibration face 1A, two power ultrasonic wave transducers 4 are installed along its length, will be passed vibration plate and be divided into three parts along its length.Two ultrasonic transducer 4 nominal frequencies that pass on the vibration plate can be different, also can be identical.When frequency is identical, adopts and work simultaneously, to strengthen the uniformity of ultrasound intensity and radiation; If the frequency of two ultrasonic transducers 4 is different, can adopt the timesharing collaborative work, the long-pending white phenomenon in subregion of the copper pipe correspondence top fin 2 that the node effect of vibrating with elimination causes.
As shown in Figure 8, the centre evenly is provided with three and passes vibration plates on evaporimeter, and evaporimeter is divided into four parts.In each centre position that passes edge biography vibration plate length direction on the vibration plate power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 is installed respectively; Three power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 nominal frequencies that pass on the vibration plate can be different, also can be identical.When frequency is identical, adopts and work simultaneously, to strengthen the uniformity of ultrasound intensity and radiation; If the frequency of three power ultrasonic transducers 4 is different, can adopt the timesharing collaborative work, the long-pending frost in subregion of the copper pipe correspondence top fin 2 that the node effect of vibrating with elimination causes.
In the arranging of above-mentioned Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, can also arrange in the both sides of described evaporimeter and pass vibration plate 1 and power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 to strengthen vibrating effect.
Power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 in the present embodiment preferably is installed in along the centre position (when arranging) on the vibration face 1A length direction or position of halving when above (be provided with two) to guarantee the coverage of ultrasonic vibration.Pass the centre that vibration plate can be installed in evaporimeter, also can be installed in the both sides of evaporimeter, can certainly not only be installed in the centre of evaporimeter but also be installed in the both sides of evaporimeter.
During work, power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 is converted to the signal of telecommunication of ultrasonic power 5 outputs vertical mechanical oscillation of high frequency, short arc, pass vibration plate extensional vibration is converted to flexural vibrations, and ultrasonic flexural vibration is delivered on the liquid pipe 3 of conveying refrigerant, liquid pipe 3 further is delivered to ultrasonic vibration on the fin 2 of evaporimeter, so that be distributed with the ultrasonic vibration of high frequency on the evaporimeter.
The present invention can rely on the frostless or few frost of the high frequency ultrasound vibration realizing evaporator surface that distributes on the evaporimeter, reduces a series of power consumptions and the temperature fluctuation problem brought because of the heating defrosting.
The research and development explanation:
The present invention is for the actual effect of the ultrasonic inhibition frosting of studying evaporimeter, the Vibration Condition of evaporimeter when at first having studied ultrasonic vibration by laser vibration measurer, when ultrasonic transducer vibrates, high frequency frequency vibration in the time of will working with transducer on the fin of biography vibration plate and evaporimeter, the liquid pipe, although amplitude is very little, vibration acceleration is very large.On this basis, built the refrigeration system of ultrasonic inhibition frosting and carried out experimental study, found to rely on this high frequency ultrasound vibration, the hoar crystal body can be fractureed comes off in fin surface, reduces the deposition of evaporator surface frost.The present invention has adjusted the evaporation structure of present commercial usefulness, designed a kind of device that transmits ultrasonic vibration that is beneficial to that is different from forefathers' research, and concrete type selecting and the installation method of power ultrasonic wave transducer have clearly been provided, the coupling efficiency of and evaporation structure ultrasonic with guaranteed output, effectively utilize the better transmission in the liquid pipe of high frequency ultrasound facilitated refrigerant, improve accordingly the heat exchange efficiency of refrigerant; Utilize simultaneously the incrustation on the ultrasonic vibration removal air-conditioner outdoor unit evaporator surface, ensure better normal heat exchange.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is:
Described vibration face 1A is with 3 welding of described liquid pipe or bond together, and described biography vibration plate also includes a vibration level 1B who is wholely set or links together with described vibration face 1A, and described vibration level 1B and described vibration face 1A are perpendicular and be plugged between the fin 2; Described vibration level 1B is provided with installing hole 1C in order to be plugged on the described liquid pipe 3, and described liquid pipe 3 is fixedly connected with described vibration level 1B by the form of described installing hole with expand tube.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the vibration face 1A of described biography vibration plate and vibration level 1B consist of T-shaped or inverted L shape, and the thickness of described vibration face 1A and vibration level 1B is 1 ~ 4mm, and vibration face 1A is 20 ~ 50mm with the width that power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 radiating surfaces contact.The biography vibration plate is metallic plate, and material is copper, aluminium or alloy.Vibration level 1B upper punch is pressed with installing hole 1C, but feed pipe 3 passes; Vibration level 1B are connected with the liquid pipe form that relies on expand tube realize connecting, fixing.Vibration face 1A and evaporator surface form parastate, vibration face 1A plane center installation power ultrasonic transducer 4 along its length, and power ultrasonic wave transducer 4 and biography vibration plate employing screw are fixed or are gluedd joint fixing.Fig. 4 is a T-shaped biography vibration plate, and inverted L shape shown in similar Fig. 3 of fixed form on the biography vibration plate passes vibration plate in the installation on the evaporimeter and transducer 4 for it.N (N 〉=1) need be set on the evaporimeter pass vibration plate, evaporimeter is divided into N+1 part.Each passes on the vibration plate M(M 〉=1 is installed) individual transducer 4, will pass vibration plate and be divided into along its length the M+1 section.Only install on each passes vibration plate in the situation of a transducer (M=1), the skew that can suitably make progress of the installation site of transducer can be installed in upper 1/4 ~ 1/2 place on the biography vibration plate length direction of edge.
Claims (9)
1. adopt ultrasonic vibration to suppress the device of evaporimeter frosting, comprise evaporimeter, evaporimeter comprises the liquid pipe, be connected with fin on the liquid pipe, it is characterized in that: be connected with the biography vibration plate on the described liquid pipe, described biography vibration plate includes a vibration face, is fixedly connected with the power ultrasonic wave transducer on the described vibration face; Passing vibration plate all contacts with every liquid pipe.
2. employing ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1 suppresses the device of evaporimeter frosting, it is characterized in that: described power ultrasonic wave transducer is to be spirally connected or bonding mode is fixedly connected on the described vibration face.
3. employing ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2 suppresses the device of evaporimeter frosting, it is characterized in that: described power ultrasonic wave transducer adopts operating frequency 15 ~ 120kHz and single operating power to be not more than PZT (piezoelectric transducer) or the magnetostrictive transducer of 100W.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described employing ultrasonic vibrations suppress the device of evaporimeter frostings, it is characterized in that: described vibration face welding or be bonded on the described liquid pipe.
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described employing ultrasonic vibrations suppress the device of evaporimeter frosting, it is characterized in that: described biography vibration plate also includes a vibration level that is wholely set or links together with described vibration face, and described vibration level and described vibration face are perpendicular; Described vibration level is provided with installing hole in order to be plugged on the described liquid pipe, and described liquid pipe is fixedly connected with described vibration level by described installing hole.
6. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described employing ultrasonic vibrations suppress the device of evaporimeter frostings, it is characterized in that: described power ultrasonic wave transducer is connected with ultrasonic power.
7. employing ultrasonic vibration according to claim 6 suppresses the device of evaporimeter frosting, it is characterized in that: be provided with long-pending white treating apparatus below described liquid pipe and described fin, long-pending white treating apparatus is used for receiving by the frost that comes off on liquid pipe and the described fin.
8. employing ultrasonic vibration according to claim 5 suppresses the device of evaporimeter frosting, it is characterized in that: the vibration face of described biography vibration plate and vibration level consist of T-shaped or inverted L shape, the thickness of described vibration face and vibration level is 1 ~ 4mm, and the vibration face is 20 ~ 50mm with the width that power ultrasonic wave transducer radiating surface contacts.
9. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described employing ultrasonic vibrations suppress the device of evaporimeter frostings, it is characterized in that: described biography vibration plate evenly is provided with N on described liquid pipe, wherein N 〉=1 passes vibration plate evaporimeter is divided into N+1 part; Evenly be fixedly connected with along its length M power ultrasonic wave transducer on the vibration face of each biography vibration plate, wherein M 〉=1 will pass vibration plate and be divided into along its length the M+1 section.
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