CN102251865B - The method and apparatus of the leakage in the gas handling system identifying internal combustion engine - Google Patents
The method and apparatus of the leakage in the gas handling system identifying internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102251865B CN102251865B CN201110125567.8A CN201110125567A CN102251865B CN 102251865 B CN102251865 B CN 102251865B CN 201110125567 A CN201110125567 A CN 201110125567A CN 102251865 B CN102251865 B CN 102251865B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 81
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The method and apparatus that the present invention relates to leakage in the gas handling system for identifying internal combustion engine.The method has steps of: with the first pressure reduction between the pressure in the gas handling system of rotating speed and ambient pressure and internal combustion engine to run internal combustion engine on the first operating point；Calculate the first prospective quality flow being flowed in gas handling system；Measure the difference between the first mass flow and the first prospective quality flow measured by the first mass flow being flowed in gas handling system and calculating;Running internal combustion engine with the second pressure reduction between the pressure in the gas handling system of identical rotating speed and ambient pressure and internal combustion engine on the second operating point, wherein the second pressure reduction is different from the first pressure reduction；Calculate the second prospective quality flow being flowed in gas handling system；Measure the difference between the second mass flow and the second prospective quality flow measured by the second mass flow being flowed in gas handling system and calculating；And compare the mass flow differential tried to achieve on the first and second operating points.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and a kind of device that the leakage in the gas handling system to internal combustion engine is identified.
Background technology
It is possible that different faults in the gas handling system suction system in other words of internal combustion engine, these faults are to starting
The power of machine has a negative impact and/or causes waste gas discharge to increase.In order to these faults are keeped in repair, it is necessary to
In the range of plant diagnostics, in esse fault is identified.Especially in the gas handling system of internal combustion engine by less hole
Or the leakage that the collar loosened causes is difficult to find and should be distinguished with other fault.
It is known that measure to diagnose the air supply system of internal combustion engine the mass flow being flowed in gas handling system and
It is compared with the mass flow calculated in theory.From measured mass flow and the quality stream calculated in theory
Inclined extent between amount can be inferred that the existence situation of fault in gas handling system.But it is the most usual
The fault that such as can not be caused by the leakage in gas handling system in different types of fault and other such as by malfunctioning
Make a distinction between valve, the odontoid belt of skidding or the fault caused by malfunctioning mass flow sensor.
Summary of the invention
The task of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for diagnosing internal combustion engine and a kind of device, described method
With the leakage in the gas handling system that device can reliably identify internal combustion engine.
This task is by the dress in the present inventive method and as described in claim 8 as described in independent claims 1
Put and have been resolved.Dependent claims define described in the most described favourable by assembly of the invention
Design.
In in the present inventive method, first with constant rotating speed and ambient pressure and described internal combustion on the first operating point
The first pressure reduction between pressure in the gas handling system of machine runs described internal combustion engine.For this first operating point, meter
Calculate expected first mass flow being flowed in described gas handling system.What this external pelivimetry was actual is flowed into described gas handling system
In mass flow and calculate measured by mass flow and the mass flow calculated between difference.
In the second step, with the rotating speed identical with on the first operating point and ambient pressure and institute on the second operating point
Stating the second pressure reduction between the pressure in the gas handling system of internal combustion engine to run described internal combustion engine, wherein said first pressure reduction is different
In described second pressure reduction.For this second operating point, also calculate the expected matter being flowed in described gas handling system
Measure flow and measure the mass flow being flowed in described gas handling system of reality.Try to achieve at this on described second operating point
The measured difference between mass flow and prospective quality flow, and by its with determine on described first operating point before this
The measured difference between mass flow and prospective quality flow compares.
The ratio of the deviation between measured mass flow prospective quality flow corresponding on said two operating point
Can be inferred that in relatively that possible fault especially can be inferred that the leakage in gas handling system.
If the difference between pressure and ambient pressure in described gas handling system is more than in the second work on the first operating point
Make upper and between measured mass flow and prospective quality flow the deviation of point and be transformed into the second work from the first operating point
Substantially diminishing in terms of numerical value when putting, Fault Identification is just the leakage in gas handling system by that.
If contrary deviation between measured mass flow and prospective quality flow is being transformed into from the first operating point
Being not changed in during the second operating point or the most fine change, that relates to, and another kind of fault, such as valve be malfunctioning, odontoid belt
Skid or mass flow sensor is malfunctioning.
By the described air inlet system that internal combustion engine easily and can be found in the present inventive method with the biggest reliability
Leakage in system and it being distinguished with other fault, is carried out manually electromotor and/or gas handling system without for this
Check.
In a kind of embodiment of described method, it is arranged in gas handling system when electromotor runs on the first operating point
In choke valve close as much as possible and this choke valve then fully opens when electromotor runs on the second operating point.Thus
Can easily adjust first operating point between described pressure in ambient pressure and gas handling system with the biggest difference with
And there is between described pressure in ambient pressure and gas handling system the second operating point of the least pressure.Electromotor
The reduction of rotating speed torque by being produced by this electromotor at this keeps constant.This such as can be by being ejected in electromotor
The reduction of fuel quantity, cutoff targetedly, the reduction of the angle of ignition, the stopping of injection and/or roll-type testing stand make for
Carry out.
In a kind of embodiment of described method, the gas handling system of internal combustion engine arranges turbocharger and described
Choke valve fully opens on two operating points.Pressure in first and second operating point upper air system and ambient pressure it
Between different pressure reduction regulated by the adjustment of the described turbocharger being arranged in gas handling system.Profit is in such a way
In the present inventive method corresponding electromotor can be checked with described, to find the leakage in gas handling system, Qi Zhong
The gas handling system of corresponding electromotor arranges turbocharger.
In one embodiment, it is contemplated that mass flow is the pressure and temperature in the rotating speed of electromotor and gas handling system
Function.Such function such as can be special with the reference the most recorded when undamaged model engine runs of storage
The form of linearity curve is saved in bin.As an alternative, can work out for matter on the basis of consideration in theory
The analytical formula of amount flow, said mass flow is used as the pressure and temperature in the rotating speed of electromotor and gas handling system
Function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below by way of accompanying drawing, the present invention is explained in detail.
Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the B type engine with gas handling system；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the turbogenerator with gas handling system and gas extraction system；
Fig. 3 is for implementing the schematic structure of diagnostic device in the present inventive method；And
Fig. 4 is the change curve of the pressure reduction on different operating points.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 schematically shows the schematic diagram of the B type engine 2 with six cylinders 3 and a gas handling system 4,
This gas handling system 4 is configured to supply combustion air to the cylinder 3 of described B type engine 2.Start without supercharging described
The waste gas produced during burning fuel in the cylinder 3 of machine 2 is discharged to the most unshowned exhaust equipment by gas extraction system 10.
The choke valve 6 that can turn round is arranged in gas handling system 4.Revolution by described choke valve 6, it is possible to regulation institute
State the effective cross section of gas handling system 4, the most not only the mass flow in gas handling system 4 but also pressure pInCan change.
In addition schematically showing the leakage 8 in gas handling system 4, air is not relying on the regulation feelings of choke valve 6 by this leakage 8
It is flowed into from environment extraly and uncontrollably in described gas handling system 4 under condition.
Fig. 2 schematically shows turbogenerator (electromotor of supercharging) 5, and this turbogenerator 5 has six cylinders
4, a gas handling system 4 and a gas extraction system 10.As in the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1, described turbine is sent out
The gas handling system 4 of motivation 5 has the choke valve 6 that can turn round and reveals 8.
The gas handling system shown in figure 2 of (turbine) electromotor 5 of supercharging and gas extraction system and B type engine 2
The gas handling system that figure 1 illustrates and the difference of gas extraction system are, are provided with turbocharger 12 extraly, this turbocharging
Device 12 can be driven by the waste gas flowed out from electromotor 5 by the turbine 12a being arranged in gas extraction system 10.
The turbine 12a driven by the waste gas flowed out from electromotor 5 starts described in being arranged in thus by axle 12b
Compressor 12c in the gas handling system 4 of machine 5 is connected so that described compressor 12c passes through described axle 12b by described turbine
12a drives.The air sucked by gas handling system 4 by described electromotor 5 is compressed and with regard to this by described compressor 12c
Sample improves the pressure p in the region of described gas handling system 4In, described gas handling system 4 is arranged in the downstream of described compressor 12c also
That is be arranged between described compressor 12c and electromotor 5.
In the case of in parallel with the turbine 12a of described turbocharger 12, at the exhaust system of described turbocharger 5
System 10 in arrange bypass line 14, this bypass line 14 can make from described turbogenerator 5 flow out exhaust gas section or
Person is flow through from the side of the turbine 12a of described turbocharger 12 completely.The operation of described turbocharger 12 and thus
Pressure p in gas handling system 4InCan be regulated in wider scope by the adjustment of described bypass valve 14 like this.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the block diagram for implementing diagnostic device in the present inventive method.
Described equipment has flow control mechanism 18, this flow control mechanism 18 be not only connected with described choke valve 6 and
And be connected with engine control system 26.Fight and trigger described if desired in described engine control system 26 especially trigger point
The injection valve of electromotor 2,5.
If described internal combustion engine 2,5 is turbogenerator 5, then described flow control mechanism 18 the most extraly with supercharging pressure
Power governor motion 16 is connected, and described boost pressure governor motion 16 triggers the bypass valve 14 of described turbocharger 12.If
Described electromotor is B type engine 2, and that just saves described boost pressure governor motion 16 and bypass valve 14.
Additionally, described equipment has for being recorded as temperature T in described gas handling system 4In(t) and pressure pIn(t), institute
State the rotating speed n(t of electromotor 2,5) and mass flow dm(t that is flowed in gas handling system 4) the label of measured numerical value
Unit 20, be used for calculating mass flow differential r(t1), r(t2) computing unit 22 and for the mass flow differential r calculated
(t1), r(t2) storage that is analyzed and analytic unit 24.
First below with reference to Fig. 1 and 3 be the B type engine 2 without turbocharger 12 to described in the present inventive method
It is described.
Described electromotor 2 is connected with described flow control mechanism 18 and disengages.
Described flow control mechanism 18 so triggers described choke valve 6 so that is it close to a great extent
Such as close the 10% of maximum open.Described engine control system 26 is so triggered by described flow control mechanism 18, makes
Obtain described electromotor 2 to operate with the rotating speed of constant such as 2500U/min or 5000U/min in idle running.
On the t1 of this first operating point, measure the rotating speed n of electromotor 2, mass flow dm that is flowed in gas handling system 4
(t1), the pressure p in gas handling system 4In(t1) temperature T and in gas handling system 4In(t1) and calculate in other words from storage
Characteristic curve in try to achieve the numerical value dm for the prospective quality flow being flowed in gas handling system 4eng(t1):
；
dmeng(t1) such as can pass through
Carry out approximate calculation.At this VEBe displacement and the R of electromotor 2 be preferable gas constant；Q1 and q2
It is to rely on the parameter of corresponding electromotor 2,5.
Mass flow dm(t1 measured by calculating at this) with mass flow dm that calculatedeng(t1) deviation r between
(t1)
And preserved for later analysis.
Before use described by face for dmeng(t1) in the case of approximation, on the t of continually varying operating point
Deviation r(t) can pass through
Calculate.It is isentropic index and V at this kInIt it is the volume of gas handling system.Derivative p 'In(t)=dpInT ()/dt can
To seek approximation with suitable wave filter.The task of this wave filter is, suppresses higher frequency and pressure fluctuation.Such tool
In the range of the wave filter having design parameter T is in Laplce (Laplace):
。
Regulate the second operating point t2 in the next step.So triggered described by described flow control mechanism 18 for this
Choke valve 6 and engine control system 26 so that although described choke valve 6 fully opens and described electromotor 2 throttles now
Valve 6 fully opens and also runs with the rotating speed n identical with on the first operating point t1.
On the t2 of this second operating point, measure be flowed into mass flow dm(t2 in gas handling system 4), gas handling system 4
In pressure pIn(t2) temperature T and in gas handling system 4InAnd calculate the prospective quality stream that is flowed in gas handling system 4 (t2)
Amount dmeng(t2).Calculate at this and be flowed into mass flow dm(t2 measured by gas handling system 4 on the second operating point t2)
With mass flow dm calculatedenG(t2) difference between
And by its with being calculated before this on the first operating point t1 and the poor r(t1 that preserved) compare.
If mass flow dm calculatedeng(t) and measured mass flow dm(t) between poor r(t) numerical value
First operating point t1 is significantly less than on the second operating point t2,
That is it is inferred that the leakage 8 that goes out in gas handling system 4.
If measured and between the mass flow calculated the deviation on the two operating point t1, t2 is about phase
Same size,
That is it is inferred that go out, and there is not leakage 8 in gas handling system 4.
Exceeding for mass flow differential r(t1), r(t2) poor d
Threshold value s time infer the leakage 8 in gas extraction system, individually should determine this for every electromotor 2,5 at this
Individual threshold value s.Threshold value d is the least, and the leakage that can be identified by described method is the least；But there is also when threshold value d is less
Such danger, infer the existence revealing 8 the most mistakenly, and not actually exist such leakage.
Described method can also be implemented in reverse order, and method is with the choke valve opened on the first operating point t1
6 that is with the pressure p in gas handling system 4In(t1) with ambient pressure pambBetween less pressure differential deltap p(t1) run
Electromotor 2 and on the second operating point with the choke valve 6 that almost completely closes that is with the pressure p in gas handling system 4In
(t2) with ambient pressure pambBetween bigger pressure differential deltap p(t2) run electromotor 2.
The method of described (turbine) electromotor 5 for supercharging and the described method for B type engine 2
Difference is, in the case of using turbogenerator 5, described choke valve 6 fully opens on two operating points t1, t2, and
And the pressure p in described gas handling system 4In(t1) with ambient pressure pambBetween at the first operating point t1 and the second operating point t2
On different pressure differential deltap p(t) regulated by the different operation of described turbocharger 12.
To this end, described bypass valve 14 cuts out to a great extent on the first operating point t1 or completely closes so that come
The waste gas stream whole from (almost) of electromotor 5 flows through from the turbine 12a of turbocharger 12 and drives this turbine
Machine 12a, thus described compressor 12c produces higher pressure p in gas handling system 4In(t1).
On the second operating point t2, described bypass valve 14 is opened to a great extent so that from the waste gas of electromotor 5
Major part is flow through from the side of the turbine 12a of described turbocharger 12 by described bypass valve 14, and does not drive
This turbine 12a.The compressor 12b of described turbocharger 12 then only produces small extra in gas handling system 4
Pressure p in pressure and described gas handling system 4In(t2) less than the pressure p in the first operating point t1 upper air system 4In
(t1).
Fig. 4 is as time t(x axle) function schematically illustrate in gas handling system 4 exist reveal 8 time (dotted line) with
And measured mass flow dm(t during (solid line) is flowed into the gas handling system 4 of B type engine 2 when valve is malfunctioning) with pre-
Phase mass flow dmengMass flow differential r(y axle between (t)) change curve.
In the case of valve is malfunctioning, when moment t=2 when transferring the second running status to from the first running status quality stream
Amount difference r increases (solid line).On the contrary, exist in the case of revealing 8 in gas handling system 4, the mass flow when conversion operation state
Difference r(dotted line) it is obviously reduced.As described mass flow differential r(dotted line) change contrary symbol supplement, described quality
The numerical value of the relative change of difference in flow r is significantly greater than (in the reality shown in Fig. 4 in the case of there is leakage 8 in gas handling system 4
Execute and example be about 0.6) in the case of valve is malfunctioning (solid line).
From the size of the change of mass flow differential r described when being transferred to the second running status t2 by the first running status t1
Can be inferred that the type of fault in gas handling system 4.
Especially can identify leakage 8 in gas handling system 4 and by itself and other such as caused by malfunctioning valve
Fault is distinguished.
In the present inventive method and by assembly of the invention therefore, it is possible to reliably identify the gas handling system 4 of internal combustion engine 2,5
In leakage 8.
Claims (10)
1. the method being used for identifying the leakage (8) in the gas handling system (4) of internal combustion engine (2,5), has steps of:
A) with rotating speed (n) and ambient pressure (p on the first operating point (t1)amb) and the gas handling system of described internal combustion engine (2,5)
(4) pressure (p inIn(t1) the first pressure reduction (Δ p(t1) between)) run described internal combustion engine (2,5)；
B) the first prospective quality flow (dm being flowed in described gas handling system (4) is calculatedeng(t1))；
C) the first mass flow (dm(t1) of being flowed in described gas handling system (4) is measured) and the first matter measured by calculating
Amount flow (dm(t1)) and the first prospective quality flow (dmeng(t1) difference (r(t1) between));
D) with identical rotating speed (n) and ambient pressure (p on the second operating point (t2)amb) with the entering of described internal combustion engine (2,5)
Pressure (p in gas system (4)In(t2) the second pressure reduction (Δ p(t2) between)) run described internal combustion engine (2,5), Qi Zhongsuo
State the second pressure reduction (Δ p(t2)) it is different from described first pressure reduction (Δ p(t1))；
E) the second prospective quality flow (dm being flowed in described gas handling system (4) is calculatedeng(t2))；
F) the second mass flow (dm(t2) of being flowed in described gas handling system (4) is measured) and the second matter measured by calculating
Amount flow (dm(t2)) and the second prospective quality flow (dmeng(t2) difference (r(t2) between))；
G) mass flow differential (r(t1), the r(t2 tried to achieve on described first and second operating points (t1, t2) is compared)).
2. the method as described in claim 1, the choke valve (6) being wherein arranged in described gas handling system (4) is a job
Close as far as possible on point (t1, t2) and open as far as possible on another operating point (t2, t1).
3. the method as described in claim 2, wherein said choke valve (6) is beaten on said two operating point (t1, t2) completely
Open and pressure (p in described gas handling system (4)In) can be by being arranged in the turbocharger in this gas handling system (4)
(12) adjustment regulates.
4., by method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said rotating speed (n) is in first and second operating point described
Sprayed by the reduction of fuel quantity carried to described electromotor (2,5), cutoff, the reduction of the angle of ignition, fuel between (t1, t2)
Stopping and/or the making for keeping constant of roll-type testing stand.
5. the method as according to any one of claims 1 to 3, if the mass flow differential (r wherein on the first operating point (t1)
(t1) mass flow differential (r(t2)) being different from the second operating point (t2)), then identify letting out in described gas handling system (4)
Dew (8).
6. the method as according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein prospective quality flow (dmeng) it is electromotor (2,5)
Pressure (p in rotating speed (n), gas handling system (4)In) and temperature (TIn) function f(n, p, T).
7. the method as according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein prospective quality flow (dmeng) with the characteristic curve stored
Form datumization be saved in bin.
8. be used for identifying the device of the leakage (8) in the gas handling system (4) of internal combustion engine (2,5), this device be configured to perform by
Method according to any one of claim 1 to 7.
9. the device as described in claim 8, wherein this device is configured to trigger choke valve (6) and/or engine control system
System (26).
10. the device as described in claim 8 or 9, wherein this device is configured to trigger boost pressure governor motion (16).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010029021.1 | 2010-05-17 | ||
| DE102010029021A DE102010029021A1 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2010-05-17 | Method and device for detecting leaks in the intake tract of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102251865A CN102251865A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102251865B true CN102251865B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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