CN102239238A - Additives to reduce metal pick-up in fuels - Google Patents

Additives to reduce metal pick-up in fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102239238A
CN102239238A CN2009801487036A CN200980148703A CN102239238A CN 102239238 A CN102239238 A CN 102239238A CN 2009801487036 A CN2009801487036 A CN 2009801487036A CN 200980148703 A CN200980148703 A CN 200980148703A CN 102239238 A CN102239238 A CN 102239238A
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Prior art keywords
fuel
additive
hydrocarbon
composition
present
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R·H·巴伯
P·R·斯蒂文森
E·法埃
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Lubrizol Corp
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Lubrizol Corp
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Application filed by Lubrizol Corp filed Critical Lubrizol Corp
Priority to CN201710063619.0A priority Critical patent/CN106753620A/en
Publication of CN102239238A publication Critical patent/CN102239238A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C10L1/1881—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom
    • C10L1/1883—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof carboxylic group attached to an aliphatic carbon atom polycarboxylic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)

Abstract

The present invention relates to fuel additives, fuel additive compositions and fuel compositions, as well as a method for fueling an internal combustion engine, providing reduced metal pick-up by fuels where the compositions of the present invention contain a hydrocarbon substituted with at least two carboxy functionalities in the form of acids or at least one carboxy functionality in the form of an anhydride.

Description

The minimizing metal is sneaked into the additive in the fuel
Background of invention
The present invention relates to reduce the oxidized metal sneaks into fuel dope, fuel additive composition and the fuel composition in the fuel and is the method for oil engine refuel.
Past is about sneaking into by fuel or there are some uncertainties in some oxidized metal of solubilising to the influence of motor performance.Usually assess this class problem from etch-proof position.Yet, there is the evidence proof metal of growth to sneak into, for example to sneak into be the problem that can influence motor performance to zinc.
Trace level dissolving or soluble metal such as zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) have demonstrated and have increased the oil thrower fouling in fuel such as the diesel oil fuel.Trace-metal such as these metals can be by polluting or entering fuel dispensing system via fuel by the metal parts of the component part fuel dispensing system of fuel contact by tramp m..For example, diesel oil fuel can be sneaked into the zinc from surface of galvanized steel in fuel tank, causes zinc content raising in the fuel, and this can cause the oil thrower fouling of aforesaid acceleration.Zinc and other metal also can contain this metallic surface and sneak into by fuel by contacting in the vehicle fuel injected system.
Need effectively reduce metal and sneak into, more specifically the fuel dope and the fuel composition of the zinc amount of sneaking into make the cost of additive and fuel composition and the influence of complicacy are minimized simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Fuel dope, fuel additive composition and the fuel composition of the amount that metal is sneaked into seen in the fuel composition have been found to reduce.The invention provides this composition and reduce in the fuel composition contaminant metals and sneak into the method for sneaking into as zinc.
According to the present invention, the additive of having found to comprise hydrocarbon adds and causes the amount that the oxidized metal is sneaked in the fuel composition to reduce in the fuel composition, and described hydrocarbon is replaced by the carboxyl functional group of the carboxyl functional group of two sour forms or at least one acid anhydride form at least.
In some embodiments, replacing the hydrocarbon additive is that the alkyl with carboxyl functional group of at least two acid or anhydride forms replaces acylating agent.
In some embodiments, replace hydrocarbon additive and/or alkyl replacement acylating agent and have diacid official energy.In other embodiments, additive is a succinic acylating agent.In the other embodiment that can be used in combination with one or more embodiments described herein, the hydrocarbyl derivative of additive is from polyisobutene.
Reduce its metal of sneaking into and comprise the IV group 4 transition metal.In some embodiments, metal is V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn or its combination.In some embodiments, metal can be selected from copper, zinc, iron or its combination.In some embodiments, the oxidized metal is a zinc.In other embodiments, the oxidized metal will reduce fuel composition with its tendency of sneaking into, and can be above-mentioned deironing outer any metal or arbitrary group of metal.
The present invention also provides described method, wherein replaces the hydrocarbon additive and can be (a) hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid anhydride; (b) the hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid anhydride of hydrolysis; Or (c) its combination.
In some embodiments, when maintenance contacted for a long time with the solid material of metal oxide-containing, the fuel of Chu Liing was sneaked into the described metal greater than 0.5ppm easily in the method.
The inventive method can cause also using that fuel injector deposits reduces in the engine of present method fuel composition.
The present invention also provides a kind of fuel composition, and it comprises: (a) fuel; (b) comprise the additive of replacement hydrocarbon additive described herein; (c) optional other performance additive.The present invention also provides a kind of fuel additive composition, and it comprises (a) optional solvents; (b) replacement hydrocarbon additive described herein; (c) optional other performance additive.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Below will be by each preferred feature of indefiniteness declarative description and embodiment.
Invention field
The present invention relates to fuel dope, fuel additive composition, fuel composition and be the method for oil engine refuel.The invention provides in some embodiments and to reduce metal sneak into during operation of internal combustion engine, zinc is sneaked into the method in the fuel composition in some embodiments.
The present composition can be used in the fuel composition to reduce their tendencies by the surperficial tramp m. that they were contacted.Compositions of additives of the present invention also can provide comparable and/or improved detersive power when being used for fuel composition, especially improved engine deposits control.These are characterized as improved motor performance and create conditions, and include but not limited to reduce the oil thrower fouling, reduce engine power loss that settling causes, reduce the fuel economy penalty that settling causes and reduce the engine emission that settling causes.
Replace the hydrocarbon additive
The present invention replaces the hydrocarbon additive and comprises the hydrocarbon that is replaced by the carboxyl functional group of the carboxyl functional group of at least two sour forms or at least one acid anhydride form.In some embodiments, additive is by the hydrocarbon of the carboxyl functional group of at least two acid or anhydride forms replacement.In other embodiments, additive is the hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acylating agent.In other embodiments, replacing the hydrocarbon additive is the dimeracid compound.In other embodiment, the present invention replaces the combination that the hydrocarbon additive comprises described two or more additives of this section.
The present invention replaces the hydrocarbon additive when being used for composition described herein and method, has reduced the tendency of fuel composition tramp m..
Replace the hydrocarbon additive and comprise dimeracid.Dimeracid be a class derived from lipid acid and/or polyolefine, comprise polyolefinic two acid polymers described herein, it contains acid functional group.In some embodiments, be used for dimeracid of the present invention derived from C 10-C 20Polyolefine, C 12-C 18Polyolefine and/or C 16-C 18Polyolefine.
Replace the hydrocarbon additive and comprise succsinic acid, halogenide, acid anhydride and combination thereof.In some embodiments, this reagent is acid or anhydride, and in other embodiments, this reagent is acid anhydride, and in other embodiment, this reagent is the hydrolysis acid anhydride.Replace the hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon additive and/or main alkyl that alkyl replaces succinic acylating agent and contain usually on average, or about 30, or about 35 to about 350 at least about 8, or to about 200, or to about 100 carbon atoms.In one embodiment, hydrocarbyl derivative is from polyolefine.
Polyolefinic feature can be the Mn (number-average molecular weight) at least about 300.Usually, polyolefinic be characterised in that about 500, or about 700, or about 800, or even about 900 to about 5000, or to about 2500, or to about 2000, or even to about 1500 Mn.In another embodiment, n is about 300, or about 500, or about 700 to about 1200 or between about 1300, change.
Polyolefine comprises having 2 to about 16 or to about 6, or to the monomeric homopolymer of polymerizable olefin and the multipolymer of about 4 carbon atoms.Alkene can be monoolefine, for example ethene, propylene, 1-butylene, iso-butylene and 1-octene; Or polyolefine monomer, for example diolefinic monomer, for example 1,3-butadiene and isoprene.In one embodiment, multipolymer is a homopolymer.The example of polymkeric substance is a polybutene.In one case, about 50% polybutene is derived from iso-butylene.Polyolefine prepares by conventional procedure.
In one embodiment, hydrocarbyl derivative is at least about 1300 from n, or about 1500, or about 1600 to about 5000, or to about 3000, or to about 2500, or to about 2000, or to about 1800 polyolefine, and Mw/Mn is about 1.5 or about 1.8, or about 2, or to about 2.5 to about 3.6, or to about 3.2.In some embodiments, polyolefine is that molecular weight is the polyisobutene of 800-1200.Wherein hydrocarbon and/or substituting group are described in United States Patent (USP) 4,234 derived from this polyolefinic replacement hydrocarbon and/or the preparation and the purposes that replace succinic acylating agent, in 435, incorporate its disclosure into the present invention by reference at this.
In another embodiment, replace hydrocarbon and/or succinic acylating agent and replace succinic acylating agent and prepare to provide, wherein for whenever measuring substituting group by making the reaction of said polyolefins and excessive maleic anhydride; the number of succsinic acid group is at least 1.3; or to about 1.5, or to about 1.7, or to about 1.8.Maximum number is no more than 4.5 usually, or to about 2.5, or to about 2.1, or to about 2.0.Here polyolefine can for above-mentioned in those any.
In another embodiment, hydrocarbon and/or alkyl contain average about 8, or about 10, or about 12 to about 40, or to about 30, or to about 24, or to about 20 carbon atoms.In one embodiment, alkyl contains average about 16 to about 18 carbon atoms.In another embodiment, alkyl is the tetrapropylene base.In one embodiment, alkyl is an alkenyl.
Hydrocarbon and/or alkyl can have alkene or its oligopolymer of about 40 carbon atoms of about 2-derived from one or more.These alkene are preferably alpha-olefin (being called list-1-alkene sometimes) or isomerization alpha-olefin.The example of alpha-olefin comprises ethene, propylene, butylene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-dodecylene, 1-tridecylene, tetradecene, 1-15 carbenes, cetene, 1-heptadecene, 1-vaccenic acid, 1-19 carbenes, 1-eicosylene, 1-heneicosene, 1-two dodecylenes, 1-tetracosene etc.Spendable commercially available alpha-olefin cut comprises C 15-18Alpha-olefin, C 12-16Alpha-olefin, C 14-16Alpha-olefin, C 14-18Alpha-olefin, C 16-18Alpha-olefin, C 16-20Alpha-olefin, C 22-28Alpha-olefin etc.In one embodiment, alkene is C 16And C 16-18Alpha-olefin.In addition, can use C 30+ alpha-olefin cut those as obtaining with title Gulftene from Gulf Oil company.In one embodiment, olefinic monomer comprises ethene, propylene and 1-butylene.
The isomerization alpha-olefin is for changing into the alpha-olefin of internal olefin.Be fit to the form of mixture that isomerization alpha-olefin used herein is generally some alpha-olefins of internal olefin and existence.The program that makes alpha-olefin isomerization is well known to those skilled in the art.Briefly, these programs comprise alpha-olefin are contacted until the degree of isomerization of realizing ideal under the about 130 ℃ temperature of about 80-with Zeo-karb.These programs for example are described in U.S.4, in 108,889, incorporate it into this paper by reference at this.
Monoolefine can be derived from wax cracking.The wax cracking method obtains even number and the odd number liquid C that 85-90% is a straight chain 1-alkene 6-20Alkene.The surplus of cracking cerotene hydrocarbon is made up of internal olefin, branched olefin, diolefine, aromatic hydrocarbon and impurity.The C of wax cracking method will be derived from 6-20Liquid olefin distillation obtains being used to prepare the cut (C for example of succinic acylating agent 15-18Alpha-olefin).
But other monoolefine derived from ethylene chainpropagation method.This method obtains even number straight chain 1-alkene by controlled Ziegler polymerization.Other method for preparing monoolefine comprises the catalytic dehydrogenation of chlorination of paraffins-dehydrochlorination and paraffins.
More than the program of preparation monoolefine is well known to those skilled in the art, is described in detail in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, the 2nd edition, Kirk and Othmer, Supplement, the 632nd, 657 page, Interscience Publishers, Div.of John Wiley and Son under 1971 the title " alkene ", incorporates its relevant disclosure about the method for preparing monoolefine into the present invention by reference at this.
Succinic acylating agent is by making above-mentioned alkene, isomerizing olefins or its oligopolymer and unsaturated carboxylic acid acylating agent such as methylene-succinic acid, citraconic acid or toxilic acid acylating agent at about 160 ℃, or about 185 ℃ to about 240 ℃, or reaction and preparing to about 210 ℃ temperature.The toxilic acid acylating agent is preferred unsaturated acidylate agent.The program of preparation acylating agent is well known to those skilled in the art, for example is described in United States Patent (USP) 3,412, in 111; With people such as Ben, " The Ene Reaction of Maleic Anhydride With Alkenes ", J.C.S.Perkin II (1977) is in the 535-537 page or leaf.Incorporate these reference into the present invention by reference about the disclosure of the program for preparing above acylating agent.In one embodiment, alkenyl is derived from light alkene, and it is about 6 promptly to contain 2-, or the oligopolymer of the alkene of about 4 carbon atoms.The example of these alkene comprises ethene, propylene and butylene.
Alkene, olefin oligomer or polyolefine can make for alkene, olefin oligomer or the polyolefine of every molar reactive with the carboxylic acid reagent reaction, have at least 1 moles of carboxylic acids reagent.Preferably, use excess carboxylic acid reagent.In one embodiment, this is excessive in about 5-about 25%.In another embodiment, this is excessive in 40%, or greater than 50%, even greater than 70%.
Form the condition that alkyl replaces succinic acylating agent, promptly temperature, stirring, solvent etc. are well known by persons skilled in the art.The example of patent of describing the various programs of the useful acylating agent of preparation comprises United States Patent (USP) 3,172,892 people such as () Le Suer; 3,215,707 (Rense); 3,219,666 (people such as Norman); 3,231,587 (Rense); 3,912,764 (Palmer); 4,110,349 (Cohen); With 4,234,435 (people such as Meinhardt); And U.K.1,440,219.Incorporate the present invention by reference in this disclosure with these patents.
In some embodiments, be applicable to that replacement hydrocarbon additive of the present invention and/or hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acylating agent contain two acid functional groups.In other embodiments that can use separately or be used in combination with above-mentioned embodiment, the hydrocarbyl derivative of hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acylating agent is from two acid functional group derived from carboxylic acid group, for example hydrocarbyl substituted succinic of polyisobutene and this reagent.
In some embodiments, the acylating agent of alkyl replacement comprises one or more hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride groups.In some embodiments, the acylating agent of alkyl replacement comprises the hydrocarbyl substituted succinic anhydride group of one or more hydrolysis.
In some embodiments, the hydrocarbyl substituent of above-mentioned acylating agent is derived from homopolymer that contains 2-10 carbon atom and/or multipolymer.In some embodiments, the hydrocarbyl substituent of any above-mentioned acylating agent is derived from polyisobutene.
Depend on their used concrete alcohol and/or amine of preparation, fuel dope of the present invention can be solid, semisolid or liquid (oil).For for the additive in the oleaginous composition (comprising lubricating composition and fuel composition), fuel dope advantageously dissolves in and/or can stably be dispersed in this oleaginous composition.Therefore, it is soluble and/or can stably be dispersed in the fuel that uses them that the composition that for example is intended to be used for fuel is generally fuel.Term " fuel is solvable " may not mean all described compositions and can be in all fuel mixes or dissolving so that all proportions is molten as used in this specification and the appended claims.Dissolve in the fuel (hydrocarbon, nonhydrocarbon, mixture etc.) but mean composition, it affacts therein and allows this solution to demonstrate the degree of one or more ideal performances.Similarly, should " solution " may not be the true solution on strict physics or the chemical sense.They may instead be microemulsion or colloidal dispersion, and it demonstrates abundant those performances near true solution for the present invention, can exchange with them in the context of the invention with regard to practice.
As previously mentioned, the anti-metal of the present invention is sneaked into the additive of additive as fuel, and wherein they also can serve as washing composition.Fuel dope of the present invention can be with 1-10, and 000ppm (wherein ppm is based on weight: weight is calculated) is present in the fuel composition.In other embodiments, fuel dope is with 1,3,5,10,50,100,150 and the lower limit and 10,000 of 200ppm, 7,500,5,000 and 2,500 the upper limit is present in the fuel composition, and wherein any upper limit can make up so that the scope that is present in the fuel dope in the fuel composition to be provided with any lower limit.
Expect that additive of the present invention can form salt or other title complex and/or derivative when with other component interaction of the composition that uses them.This class form of these additives also is a part of the present invention, and is included in the embodiment described herein.Some succinic acylating agents of the present invention and their preparation method are disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5,739,356; 5,777,142; 5,786,490; 5,856,524; 6,020,500; With 6,114, in 547, incorporate it into the present invention by reference at this.Other preparation methods of alkyl replacement acylating agent can be in United States Patent (USP) 5,912,213; 5,851,966; With 5,885, find in 944, incorporate it into the present invention by reference at this.In some embodiments, succinic acylating agent of the present invention as described in EP0355895, is by reference incorporated it into the present invention at this only by by the use of thermal means and/or there is not chlorine method preparation.
Fuel additive composition
Fuel additive composition of the present invention comprises above-mentioned fuel dope, also comprises solvent and/or one or more other performance additive.These compositions of additives are also referred to as multifunctional additive for lubricating oils and/or enriched material, can be used for preparing fuel composition by compositions of additives is added in the un-added fuel.
Be applicable to the hydrocarbon solvent that solvent of the present invention comprises to be provided compositions of additives consistency and/or homogeneity and help their processing and transfer, can comprise fuel as described below.Solvent can be for aliphatic hydrocrbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, contain oxygen composition or its mixture.In some embodiments, the flash-point of solvent is generally about 25 ℃ or higher.In some embodiments, hydrocarbon solvent be flash-point the aromatic naphthas more than 62 ℃ or flash-point be 40 ℃ aromatic naphthas or flash-point more than 62 ℃, have the kerosene of 16% aromatic hydrocarbon content.
Aliphatic hydrocrbon comprises various petroleum naphthas and the kerosene boiling point fraction with most of aliphatic component.Aromatic hydrocarbon comprises benzene,toluene,xylene and has the various petroleum naphthas and the kerosene boiling point fraction of most of aromatic component.Alcohol is generally the fatty alcohol with about 2-10 carbon atom, comprises ethanol, 1-propyl alcohol, Virahol, 1-butanols, isopropylcarbinol, amylalcohol and 2-methyl-1-butene alcohol.
Contain ester, glycol and/or polyoxyethylene glycol that the oxygen composition can comprise alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid, or its mixture.Sulfur-bearing is not to sulfur-bearing not substantially for solvent in the embodiment of the present invention, and sulphur content is lower than 50ppm under several situations, and 25ppm is lower than 18ppm, is lower than 10ppm, is lower than 8ppm, is lower than 4ppm, or is lower than 2ppm.Solvent can be with 0-99 weight %, and in other cases with 3-80 weight %, or 10-70 weight % is present in the additive concentrate composition.The friction modifiers of the present invention of Cai Yonging and other performance additive can be present in the additive concentrate composition with 0.01-100 weight % alone or in combination, can exist with 0.01-90 weight % or with 0.1-80 weight % with 0.01-95 weight % in other cases.
Consider above scope, in one embodiment, multifunctional additive for lubricating oils can comprise fuel dope of the present invention and not contain any other solvent substantially.In these embodiments, the multifunctional additive for lubricating oils that contains fuel dope of the present invention is pure, and promptly it does not contain adding with the raw material processing feature of improvement enriched material such as any other solvent of its viscosity.
In the several embodiments of the present invention, fuel composition, fuel additive concentrate and/or fuel dope itself do not contain substantially or do not contain be selected from sulphur, phosphorus, sulfated ash and the combination thereof at least one, in other embodiments, fuel composition contains less than 50ppm, 20ppm, less than 15ppm, less than 10ppm, or less than any or all these of 1ppm.
In embodiment of the present invention, the additive concentrate compositions or the fuel composition that contain fuel dope of the present invention can be prepared as follows: by with each component of composition in envrionment temperature to blending or mix until composition under 60 ℃ the high temperature at the most usually for uniformly.
Other performance additive that can be included in the compositions of additives of the present invention is described below.
Fuel
Fuel composition of the present invention comprises above-mentioned fuel dope and liquid fuel, and is used to the oil engine refuel.Fuel also can be the component of above-mentioned compositions of additives.
Diesel oil fuel in industry on the commercial fuel, particularly market of generally acknowledged many types and/or biofuel have sneaking into or dissolve the ability of the oxidized metal of certain level when directly contacting with the surface, sensitive metal.Illustrate on evidence also that if not all fuel then most of, particularly the diesel oil fuel on the market has the tendency of some tramp m.s.Generally acknowledge that also many fuel dopes can improve fuel is sneaked into the oxidized metal in fuel that uses described fuel dope and fuel additive composition tendency.The present invention is reduced in the tendency of sneaking into the oxidized metal in this fuel and the fuel additive composition.
In some embodiments, be applicable to that fuel of the present invention comprises any commercially available fuel, any in some embodiments commercially available diesel oil fuel and/or biofuel.In other embodiments, be applicable to that fuel of the present invention comprises any commercially available fuel that is easy to tramp m., is easy to any commercially available diesel oil fuel and/or the biofuel of tramp m. in some embodiments.
In other embodiment, be applicable to that fuel of the present invention is any fuel that is easy to sneak into greater than the oxidized metal of 0.5ppm when contacting for a long time with the solid material that contains described metal, or various diesel fuel and/or biofuel.In some embodiments, the exposure duration that relates to is greater than 72 hours, greater than 48 hours, or greater than 24 hours.
The present invention includes the fuel composition and the fuel additive concentrate composition that can contain fuel.Used fuel can have or can not have the tendency of sneaking into the oxidized metal in these compositions, and in fact can be any or its combination in the fuel described in the application.Used fuel does not need identical with the fuel that adds additive of the present invention in methods described herein in these compositions.Be that additive of the present invention may reside in the composition that also comprises fuel.This fuel can have or can not have the tendency of sneaking into the oxidized metal.The composition that contains additive can be added in fuel and/or the fuel additive composition then.The identity of the optional fuel component in the identity that is present in the fuel in the said composition and the composition that contains additive is irrelevant.The oxidized metal of fuel and/or fuel additive composition sneak into tendency can be fuel performance and/or be present in fuel and/or compositions of additives in the result of performance of one or more additives.Described in the inventive method and composition, the adding that contains compositions of additives causes the oxidized metal of fuel and/or fuel additive composition to sneak into the tendency minimizing.
Be applicable to fuel and/or fuel additive composition that the description of fuel type of the present invention relates to the fuel in the composition that can exist the present invention to contain additive and can add this composition that contains additive.
Inexcessive restricted application is in fuel of the present invention.Usually, suitable fuel is usually in envrionment conditions, and promptly room temperature (20-30 ℃) is liquid down.Liquid fuel can be hydrocarbon fuel, nonhydrocarbon fuel, or its mixture.
Hydrocarbon fuel can be petroleum fractions, comprises the gasoline as ASTM specification D4814 definition, or as the diesel oil fuel that defines of ASTM specification D975.In one embodiment, liquid fuel is a gasoline, and in another embodiment, liquid fuel is a white gasoline.In another embodiment, liquid fuel is a diesel oil fuel.Hydrocarbon fuel can be the hydrocarbon by the preparation of cyclostrophic liquid (gas to liquid) method, comprises the hydrocarbon that for example prepares by method such as Fischer-Tropsch process.In some embodiments, the present invention is fuel used to be diesel oil fuel, biodiesel fuel, or its combination.
Nonhydrocarbon fuel can be for containing the oxygen composition, so-called oxygenate (oxygenate), and it comprises ester, the nitro-paraffin of alcohol, ether, ketone, carboxylic acid, or its mixture.Nonhydrocarbon fuel can for example comprise methyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl tertiary butyl ether, methylethylketone, from the ester-exchanged oil of plant and animal and/or fat as coleseed methyl esters and soybean methyl esters, and Nitromethane 99Min..
The mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon fuel can for example comprise gasoline and methyl alcohol and/or ethanol, diesel oil fuel and ethanol and diesel oil fuel and transesterify vegetables oil such as coleseed methyl esters and other biologically-derived fuel.In one embodiment, liquid fuel is the emulsion of water in hydrocarbon fuel, nonhydrocarbon fuel or its mixture.In the several embodiments of the present invention, liquid fuel can have 5000ppm or littler, 1000ppm or littler, 300ppm or littler, 200ppm or littler, 30ppm or littler, or 10ppm or the littler sulphur content based on weight.
Liquid fuel of the present invention is present in the fuel composition with the common main amount greater than 95 weight %, in other embodiments with greater than 97 weight %, greater than 99.5 weight %, or exists greater than 99.9 weight %.
Other performance additive
Compositions of additives of the present invention and fuel composition also can comprise one or more other performance additive.Depend on Several Factors, comprise the operational condition of type fuel used in type of internal combustion engine and the engine, fuel quality and power operation, other performance additive can be added in the fuel composition.
In some embodiments, other performance additive described herein can improve the tendency of fuel composition tramp m. such as zinc.Use of the present invention in this case can reduce and/or eliminate this influence of other additive.
Other performance additive can comprise: antioxidant such as sterically hindered phenol or derivatives thereof and/or diaryl-amine or derivatives thereof; Corrosion inhibitor; And/or be different from the washing composition/dispersant additives of fuel dope of the present invention, for example polyetheramine or nitrogenous washing composition, include but not limited to PIB amine dispersion agent, quaternary salt dispersion agent and succinimide dispersants, comprise the derivative of succinimide dispersants, for example its quaternary ammonium salt.
Other performance additive also can comprise: cold flow improver, for example multipolymer of maleic anhydride and cinnamic esterified copolymer and/or ethene and vinyl-acetic ester; Suds suppressor and/or defoamer such as silicone fluid; Demulsifying compound such as poly-alkoxylation alcohol; Lubricant such as aliphatic carboxylic acid; Metal passivator such as aromatic triazole or derivatives thereof include but not limited to benzotriazole; And/or valve seat decline additive (recession additive) is as the basic metal sulfosuccinate.
Suitable defoamer also comprises organopolysiloxane, for example polydimethylsiloxane, poly-ethylsiloxane, poly-di-ethyl siloxane, polyacrylic ester and polymethacrylate, trimethylammonium-three fluoro-propyl group methylsiloxane etc.
Other additive also can comprise sterilant; Static inhibitor, deicing agent, liquid agent such as mineral oil and/or poly-(alpha-olefin) and/or polyethers and ignition dope such as octane number improver or cetane number improver.
Other performance additive that can be present in fuel additive composition of the present invention and the fuel composition also comprises by making dicarboxylic acid (for example tartrate) and/or tricarboxylic acid (for example citric acid) and amine and/or alcohol choose diester, diamide, esteramides and the ester imide friction improver that reaction prepares in the presence of known esterifying catalyst wantonly.Usually these friction improvers derived from tartrate, citric acid or derivatives thereof can make friction improver itself have the branched hydrocarbyl radical that is present in the significant quantity in its structure derived from the amine and/or the alcohol of branching.The example that is used to prepare the suitable branching alcohol of these friction improvers comprises 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, different tridecanol, Guerbet alcohol or its mixture.
Other performance additive can comprise the nitrogenous dispersion agent of high TBN, succinimide dispersants for example, and it is the alkyl substituted succinyl oxide and the condenses of poly-(alkylene amines).Succinimide dispersants is to know very much in the field of lubricant.This quasi-molecule derived from the reaction of alkenyl acylating agent and polyamines, can be various keys between two structure divisions usually, comprises simple imide structure and various acid amides and quaternary ammonium salt.Succinimide dispersants is described in United States Patent (USP) 4,234 more completely, in 435 and 3,172,892.This class raw material also can contain ester bond or ester functional group.
Another kind of nitrogenous dispersion agent is a Mannich base.The material that they form for alkyl substituted phenol, alkylene polyamine and aldehyde such as formaldehyde condensation by higher molecular weight.This class material is described in greater detail in United States Patent (USP) 3,634, in 515.
Other nitrogenous dispersion agent comprises the polymeric dispersant additive, it typically is to contain nitrogenous polar functionality to give the hydrocarbyl polymers of polymer dispersed feature.
Amine is generally used for preparing the nitrogenous dispersion agent of high TBN.Can use one or more many (alkylene amines), these can comprise one or more many (ethyleneamines) with 3-5 ethylidene unit and 4-6 nitrogen.This class material comprises Triethylenetetramine (TETA) (TETA), tetren (TEPA) and penten (PEHA).This class material is locked an ethylidene unit and nitrogen-atoms as containing usually, and multiple heterogeneous structure, comprises that the various mixture of isomers of various ring texturees are commercially available.Many (alkylene amines) can comprise in the industry equally as the known higher molecular weight amine of ethyleneamines stillage bottom.
Other performance additive can comprise quaternary salt, it comprises following reaction product: (i) at least aly be selected from following compound: (a) alkyl replace acylating agent with have can with the condenses of the compound of the oxygen of described acylating agent condensation or nitrogen-atoms, and described condenses also has uncle's amino; (b) has the amine that the polyalkylene of at least one uncle's amino replaces; (c) have the Mannich reaction products of uncle's amino, described Mannich reaction products is by alkyl fortified phenol, aldehyde and amine reaction and prepare; (ii) be suitable for uncle's amino of compound (i) is changed into the quaternizing agent of quaternary nitrogen, wherein quaternizing agent is selected from the carbonate of dialkyl sulfate, benzyl halide, alkyl replacement; Alkyl epoxide and sour combination or its mixture.
In one embodiment, quaternary salt comprises following reaction product: (i) at least aly be selected from following compound: have the amine that the polyalkylene of at least one uncle's amino replaces and/or have the Mannich reaction products of uncle's amino; (ii) quaternizing agent.
In another embodiment, quaternary salt comprises following reaction product: (i) reaction product of succinyl oxide and amine; (ii) quaternizing agent.In this class embodiment, succinyl oxide can be derived from polyisobutene and acid anhydride, and wherein polyisobutene has the number-average molecular weight of about 800-about 1600.In some embodiments, succinyl oxide is not chloride.
In some embodiments, it is long chain hydrocarbon that the alkyl of said components (i) replaces acylating agent (a), and normally coverlet unsaturated carboxylic acid reactant is as (1) single unsaturated C 4-C 10Dicarboxylic acid such as fumaric acid, methylene-succinic acid, toxilic acid; (2) derivative of (1) is as the acid anhydride or the C of (1) 1-C 5Alcohol deutero-monoesters or diester; (3) single unsaturated C 3-C 10Monocarboxylic acid such as vinylformic acid and methacrylic acid, or the derivative of (4) (3) is as the C of (3) 1-C 5The polyolefine that alcohol deutero-ester replaces and any reaction product that contains the compound of the ethylene linkage that following general formula represents:
(R 1)(R 1)C＝C(R 1)(CH(R 1)(R 1)) (I)
Each R wherein 1Be hydrogen or alkyl independently.
Being used for olefin polymer with the reaction of single unsaturated carboxylic acid can comprise and comprise main molar weight C 2-C 20As C 2-C 5The polymkeric substance of monoolefine.This class alkene comprises ethene, propylene, butylene, iso-butylene, amylene, octene-1 or vinylbenzene.Polymkeric substance can be homopolymer such as polyisobutene, and the multipolymer of two or more these class alkene such as ethene and propylene; Butylene and iso-butylene; The multipolymer of propylene and iso-butylene.Other multipolymer comprises the wherein polymer monomers of minority molar amount, and for example 1-10 mole % is C 4-C 18Those of diolefine, for example multipolymer of iso-butylene and divinyl; Or ethene, propylene and 1, the multipolymer of 4-hexadiene.
In one embodiment, at least one R of formula (I) is derived from polybutene, i.e. C 4Alkene comprises the polymkeric substance of 1-butylene, 2-butylene and iso-butylene.C 4Polymkeric substance can comprise polyisobutene.In another embodiment, at least one R derived from ethylene-alpha-olefin polymers of formula (I) comprises ethylene-propylene-diene polymer.Ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer and ethene-light alkene-diene trimer is described in a large amount of patent documents, comprises open text EP0279863 of European patent and following United States Patent (USP): 3,598,738; 4,026,809; 4,032,700; 4,137,185; 4,156,061; 4,320,019; 4,357,250; 4,658,078; 4,668,834; 4,937,299; 5,324,800, incorporate them into the present invention by reference about the relevant disclosure of these vinyl polymers separately at this.
In another embodiment, the ethylene linkage of formula (I) is mainly the inferior ethylene group that following formula is represented:
-(H)C＝C(R 2)(R 2) (II)
R wherein 2Be alkyl, in some embodiments, two R 2Group be methyl and
-(H)(R 3)C(C(CH 3)＝CH2)(III)
R wherein 3Be alkyl.
In one embodiment, formula (I) vinylidene content can comprise at least about 30 moles of % vinylidenes, at least about 50 moles of % vinylidenes or at least about 70 moles of % vinylidenes.This material and preparation method thereof is described in United States Patent (USP) 5,071,919; 5,137,978; 5,137,980; 5,286,823,5,408,018,6,562,913,6,683,138,7,037,999 and the open 20040176552A1 of the U.S., 20050137363 and 20060079652A1, incorporate it into the present invention by reference clearly at this, this series products by BASF with trade(brand)name
Figure BDA0000066511500000131
Commercially available and by Texas Petrochemicals LP with trade(brand)name TPC 1105 TMWith TPC 595 TMCommercially available.
The method that is replaced acylating agent by single unsaturated carboxylic acid reactant and formula (I) compound prepared in reaction alkyl is well known in the art and is disclosed in the following patent: United States Patent (USP) 3,361, and 673 and 3,401,118 cause heat " alkene " reaction to be carried out; United States Patent (USP) 3,087,436; 3,172,892; 3,272,746,3,215,707; 3,231,587; 3,912,764; 4,110,349; 4,234,435; 6,077,909; 6,165,235, incorporate the present invention by reference at this.
In another embodiment, the alkyl compound that contains ethylene linkage that replaces carboxylic acid reaction thing that acylating agent can be represented by at least a following formula and any formula (I) expression reacts and prepares:
(R 4C(O)(R 5) nC(O))R 4 (IV)
With
Figure BDA0000066511500000141
Each R wherein 4Be H or alkyl independently, each R 5Be divalent hydrocarbyl, n is 0 or 1.The method of compound and these compounds of preparation is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5,739,356; 5,777,142; 5,786,490; 5,856,524; In 6,020,500 and 6,114,547, incorporate it into the present invention by reference at this.
Other method that the preparation alkyl replaces acylating agent can find in below with reference to document: United States Patent (USP) 5,912,213; 5,851,966 and 5,885,944, incorporate it into the present invention by reference at this.
Can be expressed from the next with acylating agent condensation and the compound that also has uncle's amino with oxygen or nitrogen-atoms:
Wherein X contains 1 alkylidene group to about 4 carbon atoms of having an appointment; R wherein 6Be alkyl independently of one another, and R 6' can be hydrogen or alkyl.
Wherein X contains 1 alkylidene group to about 4 carbon atoms of having an appointment; R 7Be alkyl independently of one another.
Can include but not limited to acylating agent condensation and the examples for compounds that also has the nitrogenous or oxygen of uncle's amino: quadrol, 1; 2-propylene diamine, 1,3-propylene diamine, isomerization butanediamine, pentamethylene diamine, hexanediamine, heptamethylene diamine, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, two butylidene triamines, Triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetren, penten, vulkacit H and two (hexa-methylene) triamine, diaminobenzene, diamino-pyridine or its mixture.In addition, but also can use the compound of alkylation with the nitrogenous or oxygen of tertiary-amino-containing.Can include but not limited to the examples for compounds of the nitrogenous or oxygen of acylating agent condensation to have after uncle's amino in alkylation: dimethylamino propylamine, N; N-dimethylamino propylamine, N; N-diethyl amino propylamine, N, N-dimethylamino ethamine or its mixture.Can also can comprise the heterogeneous ring compound that aminoalkyl group replaces with acylating agent condensation and the compound that also has the nitrogenous or oxygen of uncle's amino; for example: 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazoles and 4-(3-aminopropyl) morpholine, 1-(2-amino-ethyl) piperidines, 3; 3-diamino-N-methyl-di-n-propylamine, 3 ' 3-amino two (N, N-dimethyl propylamine).Another kind ofly can comprise alkanolamine, include but not limited to trolamine, N, N-dimethylamino propyl alcohol, N with acylating agent condensation and the compound with nitrogenous or oxygen of uncle's amino; N-diethylamino propyl alcohol, N; N-diethylamino butanols, N, N, N-triethanolamine or its mixture.
Example of quaternary ammonium salt and preparation method thereof is described in the following patent: US 4,253, and 980, US3,778,371, US 4,171,959, US 4,326,973, US 4,338,206 and US 5,254,138, incorporate it into the present invention by reference at this.
Other performance additive directly can be added in additive of the present invention and/or the fuel composition separately, but their usually mix with fuel dope with formation compositions of additives or enriched material, then with itself and fuel mix with the generation fuel composition.Additive concentrate compositions has been described in the above in more detail.
In some embodiments, above-mentioned these other performance additive may be that fuel uses the reason and/or the influence factor of sneaking into the tendency of oxidized metal in the fuel composition of these other performance additive therein.In other embodiments, above-mentioned additive may be sneaked into not influence of performance to the metal of the fuel composition that uses them.In each case, compositions of additives of the present invention and method can contend with these additives potential impact and reduce the tendency of fuel composition tramp m., no matter this tendency is to cause, increase the weight of or significantly do not change by above-mentioned other performance additive.
Industrial application
In one embodiment, the present invention is used for the operation of liquid fuel and/or oil engine, comprises compression ignition engine or spark ignition engine.Oil engine comprises 2 strokes or 4 two-stroke engines with gasoline, diesel oil, Sweet natural gas, blend gasoline/alcohol or any above-mentioned fuel refuel.Compression ignition engine comprises light-duty and heavy duty diesel engine.Spark ignition engine comprises side valve type (port) and direct injection petrol engine.
In other embodiments, the present invention is used for compositions of additives, and the metal that reduces in promptly above-mentioned fuel dope and the method in the fuel composition is sneaked into, thereby prevents the metal such as the zinc content that raise in the fuel.
In yet another embodiment, compositions of additives of the present invention can be used for lubricating composition and makes additive be present in the oiling system of engine.Additive also can be transferred in the combustion chamber that enters engine in the combustion chamber by the lubricating composition that will contain additive on a small quantity in power operation, this is owing to be called the phenomenon of " gas leakage ", lubricating composition wherein, be compositions of additives in this case, by the piston head in the cylinder, move into the combustion chamber from the oiling system of engine.
In some embodiments, the inventive method and/or composition are sneaked into metal and are reduced by at least 5%, and at least 20% or even at least 50%.In some these embodiments, minimizing is the result of following examples used test program 7 days and/or 14 days.In other embodiments, the inventive method and/or composition guarantee that the metal content of fuel composition does not rise above 10ppm, 5ppm, 1ppm, 0.5ppm, 0.3ppm or even 0.1ppm metal content.In some these embodiments, minimizing is the result of following examples used test program 7 days and/or 14 days.In some embodiments, when by the described test of following examples when assessing in the time of 7 days, the inventive method and/or composition make metal content be reduced by at least 30% or at least 80% and/or guarantee that metal content does not rise above 1ppm.In some embodiments, when by the described test of following examples when assessing in the time of 14 days, the inventive method and/or composition make metal content be reduced by at least 40% or at least 80% and/or guarantee that metal content does not rise above 8ppm or even 1ppm.
The present invention includes replacement hydrocarbon described herein and/or alkyl and replace acylating agent purposes as additive in fuel composition, and additive itself and contain the fuel and the fuel additive composition of described additive.Additive of the present invention can be delivered in fuel composition and/or the fuel additive composition and the timing of additive is not limit with any methods known in the art.In other words, additive of the present invention can be before preparation and/or propellant combination and/or compositions of additives, during or add in the fuel composition later on.Additive of the present invention can be before adding can be used for other performance additive in the composition, during or add later in fuel and/or the compositions of additives.Additive of the present invention can be used as in top processing adding fuel and/or the compositions of additives or mixes in the preparation and/or distribution of its fuel of use and/or compositions of additives.
As used herein, term " hydrocarbyl substituent " or " alkyl " use with the general meaning that its those skilled in the art know.Particularly, it refers to have carbon atom that directly is connected the molecule rest part and the group that mainly has hydrocarbon character.The example of alkyl comprises: hydrocarbon substituent, promptly aliphatic (for example alkyl group or alkenyl), alicyclic (for example cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl group) substituting group, and aromatics-, aliphatic series-and the aromatic substituent of alicyclic replacement, and cyclic substituents, wherein encircle by another part of molecule and finish (for example two substituting groups form ring together); The hydrocarbon substituent that replaces, the substituting group that promptly contains non-hydrocarbyl group, described non-hydrocarbyl group do not change substituent main hydrocarbon character (for example halogen (especially chlorine and fluorine), hydroxyl, alkoxyl group, sulfydryl, alkyl thiol, nitro, nitroso-group and sulfinyl (sulfoxy)) in the context of the invention; Assorted substituting group promptly has in the context of the invention in the main hydrocarbon character, contains the substituting group that is different from carbon in ring of being made up of carbon atom or chain.Heteroatoms comprises sulphur, oxygen, nitrogen, and comprises substituting group such as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl.Usually, in alkyl, be not more than 2, preferably be not more than 1 non-hydrocarbon substituent for per 10 carbon atoms existence; Usually there is not non-hydrocarbon substituent in the alkyl.
Known more above-mentioned raw materials can interact in final preparaton, make the component of final preparaton can be different from those of original adding.For example, metal ion (for example metal ion of washing composition) can migrate to other acidity or the negatively charged ion position of other molecule.In addition, can form salt or other title complex and/or derivative when acylating agent of the present invention and/or when replacing other component interaction of hydrocarbon additive and the composition that wherein uses them.The product of Xing Chenging comprises that the product that forms is not easy to describe when using the present composition with its desired use thus.However, comprise all this change and reaction product within the scope of the present invention; The present invention includes by said components being mixed the composition for preparing.
Embodiment
To further set forth the present invention by following examples, it has stated particularly advantageous embodiment.When providing following examples explanation of the present invention, they are not intended to limit it.
The fuel that embodiment group 1-handles with succinimide dispersants
The EU authentication diesel oil fuel that will be called RF-06 is handled with the commercially available succinimide dispersants of 200ppm.By being placed on length separately is that 200mm and diameter are that the 4cm section of the Goodfellow Zn rod ZN007902 of 2.0mm is prepared 7 500ML cylinders and is used for test.Write down the weight of each rod section, and a certain amount of fuel added make in each cylinder that the combination mixture of fuel composition and zinc bar is 1 weight % zinc.The fuel of the slight different amounts of packing in each cylinder is identical with the zinc content of guaranteeing each sample.Keep in 7 samples one (1-1) as baseline.Other seven samples (1-2 to 1-7) are handled with 200ppm with other additive as shown in the table independently of one another.
Table 1-adds other additive in the sample
Figure BDA0000066511500000171
Container was stored in dark test position 14 days under envrionment conditions.Pass through each sample of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analytical test to measure zinc content at 7 days marks and 14 days marks.The results are summarized in the following table of embodiment group 1.
The result of table 2-embodiment group 1
Figure BDA0000066511500000182
Embodiment group 2-biofuel
Repeat embodiment group 1, difference is the diesel oil fuel that succinimide dispersants is handled is replaced with commercially available biodiesel fuel B100.In addition, each other additive is present in the fuel composition with 500ppm among the sample 2-2 to 2-7.Test sample 2-1 to 2-7 the results are summarized in the following table in the same manner as described above.
The result of table 3-embodiment group 2
Figure BDA0000066511500000183
Figure BDA0000066511500000191
Each file that relates to more than this incites somebody to action is incorporated the present invention by reference into.Remove the embodiment China and foreign countries, or as spell out in addition, all numerical value of describing the amount, reaction conditions, molecular weight, carbonatoms etc. of raw material should be understood to modify by wording " pact " in this specification sheets.Unless point out in addition, all percent value of this paper and ppm value are the weight percent value and/or calculate based on weight.Unless point out in addition, each chemical that this paper relates to or composition should be interpreted as containing the commercial grade material of isomer, by product, derivative and common sense and be present in other this class material in the commercial grade.Yet unless point out in addition, any solvent or thinner that the amount of each chemical composition not very can be present in the commercial materials are usually represented.The upper and lower bound that is to be understood that amount described herein, scope and ratio can make up independently.Similarly, the scope of each element of the present invention and amount can be used with the scope or the amount of any other element.As used herein, statement " substantially by ... form " allow to comprise not the essential characteristic of the composition that influence is in essence considered and the material of new feature.
In addition, expect that all above-mentioned embodiments are used in combination separately and with all above-mentioned other embodiments, and these combinations are considered to a part of the present invention.Expect that the specific embodiments of above-mentioned amine and alcohol makes up with the specific embodiments that is used for carboxylic acid of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. method that reduces the oxidized metal mixed volume in the fuel composition, wherein said method comprises:
Add the additive that comprises hydrocarbon in described fuel composition, described hydrocarbon is replaced by the carboxyl functional group of the carboxyl functional group of two sour forms or at least one acid anhydride form at least.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described replacement hydrocarbon is the acylating agent with alkyl replacement of two acid functional groups.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described replacement hydrocarbon is a succinic acylating agent.
4. according to each method among the claim 1-3, wherein reduce the oxidized metal of sneaking into and be selected from copper, zinc, iron or its combination.
5. according to each method among the claim 1-4, the alkyl that wherein replaces hydrocarbon comprises polyisobutene.
6. according to each method among the claim 1-5, wherein replace hydrocarbon reagent and be selected from:
(a) hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid anhydride;
(b) the hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid anhydride of hydrolysis;
(c) its combination.
7. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described fuel composition also comprises: demulsifying compound, defoamer, cold flow agent, dispersion agent/detergent additives or its combination; And
Wherein said fuel is sneaked into the oxidized metal greater than 0.5ppm easily when contacting for a long time with the solid material that contains described metal.
8. according to the method for claim 7, wherein said dispersion agent/detergent additives comprises: succinimide dispersants, quaternary ammonium salt or its combination.
9. according to each method among the claim 1-8, wherein said fuel composition comprises diesel oil fuel, biofuel or its combination.
10. according to each method among the claim 1-9, wherein said fuel composition is a fuel additive composition.
11. according to each method among the claim 1-10, wherein said method causes also wherein using that fuel injector deposits reduces in the engine of present method fuel composition.
12. a fuel composition, it comprises:
(a) fuel;
(b) comprise the additive of hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon is replaced by the carboxyl functional group of the carboxyl functional group of two sour forms or at least one acid anhydride form at least; With
(c) optional other performance additive.
13. a fuel additive composition, it comprises:
(a) optional solvents;
(b) comprise the additive of hydrocarbon, described hydrocarbon is replaced by the carboxyl functional group of the carboxyl functional group of two sour forms or at least one acid anhydride form at least; With
(c) optional other performance additive.
14. the fuel dope that comprises the hydrocarbon that is replaced by the carboxyl functional group of the carboxyl functional group of at least two sour forms or at least one acid anhydride form reduces the purposes of the amount of the oxidized metal of being sneaked into by described fuel composition in fuel composition; Wherein said purposes is also chosen the formation that fuel injector deposits in the engine of doped fuel composition is wherein used in minimizing wantonly.
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