CN102237734B - A kind of motor - Google Patents

A kind of motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102237734B
CN102237734B CN201010159635.8A CN201010159635A CN102237734B CN 102237734 B CN102237734 B CN 102237734B CN 201010159635 A CN201010159635 A CN 201010159635A CN 102237734 B CN102237734 B CN 102237734B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
coil
commutator
motor
stator
coil groups
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201010159635.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102237734A (en
Inventor
刘宝廷
潘继成
柴继东
魏旭海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Electric Shenzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Johnson Electric Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Electric Shenzhen Co Ltd filed Critical Johnson Electric Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority to CN201010159635.8A priority Critical patent/CN102237734B/en
Priority to JP2011109871A priority patent/JP5940253B2/en
Priority to US13/092,612 priority patent/US8749106B2/en
Publication of CN102237734A publication Critical patent/CN102237734A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102237734B publication Critical patent/CN102237734B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/26DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings
    • H02K23/38DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings having winding or connection for improving commutation, e.g. equipotential connection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28Layout of windings or of connections between windings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

Motor disclosed in embodiments of the invention comprises stator and is installed in the rotor in stator, described rotor comprises rotating shaft, armature winding and is fixed to rotor core and the commutator of rotating shaft, described commutator comprises some commutator segments, described rotor core has some teeth, form wire casing between adjacent teeth, described armature winding is placed in described wire casing; Described armature winding comprises the some coil groups connect by described commutator segment, each coil groups comprises at least two directly serial connection and the coils of at least tooth in interval each other, and two coils of each coil groups head and the tail are directly connected to two adjacent commutator segments respectively.Embodiments of the invention can improve commutation, improve electrical machinery life, and improve the aequum of wire winding generation.

Description

A kind of motor
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of motors, particularly relate to the rotor structure of motor.
Background technology
Single-phase series motor also claims general-purpose machine, and being the monophase machine of armature winding through brush and stator excitation windings in series of band commutator, is type the most frequently used in AC commutator machine.This kind of motor is because rotating speed is high, volume is little, lightweight, detent torque is large, speed governing is convenient, there is series excitation characteristic, be usually used in the driving that medicine equipment, electric tool, household appliance etc. need high speed, little, the lightweight small-power apparatus of volume, as: agitator for food-making, dust catcher, domestic sewing machine, electric drill, electric mill and other portable electric tools.
The single-phase series motor that existing industry is commonly used adopts two excitation winding to be wound on two salient poles of stator respectively usually, each excitation winding forms main pole at corresponding salient pole place, and the polarity of two main poles is contrary, two main poles form magnetic loop by the yoke portion on stator core both sides, the air gap between two main poles and rotor, armature rotor, magnetic circuit runs through the cross section of whole stator core, and magnetic circuit is longer.For the rotor windings of motor, the two ends of each coil are directly connected on two commutator segments usually, and when the commutating coil number of turn is higher, condition of commutation is poor.
Therefore, a kind of novel universal motor that can improve commutation, optimize magnetic circuit need be developed.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of motor, comprise stator and be installed in the rotor in stator, described rotor comprises rotating shaft, armature winding and is fixed to rotor core and the commutator of rotating shaft, described commutator comprises some commutator segments, described rotor core has some teeth, form wire casing between adjacent teeth, described armature winding is placed in described wire casing; Described armature winding comprises the some coil groups connect by described commutator segment, each coil groups comprises at least two directly serial connection and the coils of at least tooth in interval each other, and two coils of each coil groups head and the tail are directly connected to two adjacent commutator segments respectively.
Preferably, described stator comprises stator core, described stator core comprises P the main salient pole yoke portion and P interpole yoke portion, P the main salient pole being located at main salient pole yoke portion and interpole yoke portion respectively and P interpole that are arranged alternately along its circumference, described P main salient pole is tied with excitation winding respectively, the identical magnetic pole of polarity can be formed respectively in described P main salient pole place after energising, form the magnetic pole contrary with the pole polarity at main salient pole place respectively in described P interpole place; Wherein P be greater than 1 positive integer.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: connect compared with two commutator segments with only adopting a coil in conventional art, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the coil groups comprising at least two coils to connect two commutator segments, effectively can reduce the inductance electromotive force in commutating coil, thus reach the object improved commutation, improve electrical machinery life.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention can form four magnetic poles by two excitation winding, forms magnetic loop, magnetic circuit is improved between adjacent main magnetic pole and auxiliary magnetic pole.Further, when obtaining identical power output, the general-purpose machine of the present embodiment can have less volume and weight, can save material, reduce cost, and improves the aequum of wire winding generation.
In order to further understand feature of the present invention and technology contents, refer to following detailed description for the present invention and accompanying drawing, but institute's accompanying drawing only provides reference and explanation use, is not used for being limited the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that motor that one embodiment of the invention the provides end view along vertical axis direction;
Figure 2 shows that the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of the motor of Fig. 1;
Figure 3 shows that the schematic diagram of a kind of winding mode of the armature winding of the rotor of the motor of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem to be solved of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
One embodiment of the invention provide a kind of motor, comprise stator and be installed in the rotor in stator, described rotor comprises rotating shaft, armature winding and is fixed to rotor core and the commutator of rotating shaft, described commutator comprises some commutator segments, described rotor core has some teeth, form wire casing between adjacent teeth, described armature winding is placed in described wire casing; It is characterized in that: described armature winding comprises the some coil groups connect by described commutator segment, each coil groups comprises at least two directly serial connection and the coils of at least tooth in interval each other, and two coils of each coil groups head and the tail are directly connected to two adjacent commutator segments respectively.Wherein, there is not the 3rd element between two elements that " directly " in " be directly connected in series " or " directly connecting " refers to " serial connection " or " connection ".
The motor of another embodiment of the present invention comprises stator and is installed in the rotor in stator, and stator has 2P magnetic pole, and described rotor comprises rotating shaft, armature winding and is fixed to rotor core and the commutator of rotating shaft, and described commutator has m commutator segment Z 1~ Z m, described rotor core has n tooth, forms wire casing between adjacent teeth, and described armature winding is placed in described wire casing; Described armature winding comprises m coil groups W 1~ W m, commutator segment Z kwith commutator segment Z k+1by coil groups W krealize electrical connection, commutator segment Z mwith commutator segment Z 1by coil groups W mrealize electrical connection; Each coil groups comprises two coils (for ease of understanding and describing, according to coiling sequencing, below be called the first coil and the second coil), one end of first coil is connected to a commutator segment, the other end is connected with one end of the second coil (namely the first coil and the second coil are directly connected in series), the other end of the second coil be then connected to the first coil be connected the adjacent commutator segment of commutator segment.Each coil across around number of teeth q and pole span n/2P meet | the relation of q-n/2P| < 1.Wherein, P be greater than 1 integer, m, n are the even number being greater than P, and k ∈ [1, m-1], q are integer, and the value of m/n can be 1,2 or 3.
Preferably, the value of m/n is 2; Q is for being less than n/2P and meeting | the integer of the relation of q-n/2P| < 1; First coil of same coil groups and the second coil spacing 1 tooth also have identical direction of winding; The coil-winding direction being directly connected to two coil groups of same commutator segment is contrary; Coil groups W i+2with coil groups W i1, interval tooth, i=1,2 ..., m-2.
Be described in detail below by way of an instantiation.Fig. 1 illustrates the cutaway view of single-phase 4 pole 18 groove 36 commutator segment series machines along vertical axis direction, and this motor can directly use alternating current or direct current as power supply, comprises stator 19 and rotor 15.
Described stator 19 comprises stator core 20 and excitation winding 30, described stator core 20 is formed along rotor axial is stacking by most laminations, comprise two the main salient pole yoke portions 22 and two interpole yoke portions 24, two the main salient poles 26 extended internally from main salient pole yoke portion 22 and interpole yoke portion 24 respectively and two auxiliary salient poles 28 that are arranged alternately along its circumference, described main salient pole 26 and auxiliary salient pole 28 are alternately distributed the outside of the iron core in rotor 15 along rotor 15 circumference, described excitation winding 30 is wound on described main salient pole 26 respectively, and auxiliary salient pole 28 does not twine excitation winding.
The outer diameter D of rotor 15, the minimum dimension Y of stator 19 outside preferably meet following relation: D/Y > 7: 10.In the present invention, the external diameter of described rotor 15 refers to the external diameter of rotor core, and the minimum dimension of so-called stator 19 outside refers to the size by the distance reckling in the line of 2, the connecting stator neighboring of stator center.
Refer to Fig. 2, field pole can be formed at main salient pole 26 place after described excitation winding 30 is energized, and two main salient pole 26 places formed the polarity of field poles identical (as radially field pole the arctic all outwardly or all inwardly), the magnetic line of force forms loop between each main pole, stator yoke, two adjacent auxiliary magnetic poles, air gap between two adjacent auxiliary magnetic poles and rotor, rotor, air gap between rotor and main pole.Like this, the excitation winding 30 be wound on described two main salient poles 26 can form the identical field pole of two polarity in main salient pole place, forms two induction magnetic poles, form 4 magnetic poles altogether in auxiliary salient pole 28 place.
Preferably, described stator core is bilateral structure, and stator yoke is for closing frame-shaped construction.Each salient pole 26,28 comprises the neck radially extended internally from stator yoke, the bipolar shoe extended from neck along periphery of rotor, and bipolar shoe forms continuous print polar arc away from the surface of yoke portion (relative with rotor), is centered around rotor 15 outside unshakable in one's determination.The radial width in described main salient pole yoke portion 22 is less than the radial width in interpole yoke portion 24, distance between the end 26a of described main salient pole 26 pole shoe and stator yoke is greater than the distance between the end 28a of described auxiliary salient pole 28 pole shoe and stator yoke, like this, larger receiving space can be formed, to hold excitation winding 30 between described main salient pole 26 pole shoe and main salient pole yoke portion 22.Understandably, alleged circumference and radial direction are sensu lato circumference and radial direction herein, and not for circle or cylindrical structural, e.g., the stator yoke in the embodiment of the present invention can be square or circular.
The outer diameter D of described rotor 15 is slightly less than the polar arc place diameter of a circle of stator salient poles 26,28, and therefore, the polar arc place diameter of a circle of stator salient poles 26,28 and the minimum dimension of stator 19 outside are than being also greater than 7: 10.Understandably, the gap between main salient pole 26 and rotor core can equal or be not equal to the gap between auxiliary salient pole 28 and rotor core, and when aforementioned two gaps are unequal, the polar arc place circle of stator salient poles 26,28 refers to the diameter of a circle that diameter is less.
Understandably, the interpole of the embodiment of the present invention, except can be except salient pole, it can also be non-salient pole, during for salient pole, can also around a small amount of excitation winding on it, the number of turn is less than the number of turn of the excitation winding on main salient pole, the magnetic field that the excitation winding after energising on main salient pole is contrary with the excitation winding polarization on auxiliary salient pole.Described interpole yoke portion can establish installing hole (as shown in Figure 2) so that mounted motor end cap.
Described rotor 15 comprises rotating shaft, armature winding, be fixed on the commutator of rotating shaft one end, be fixed to the rotor core of the rotating shaft other end, described commutator comprises 36 commutator segments, described rotor core has 18 teeth, wire casing is formed between adjacent teeth, described armature winding is placed in described wire casing, described armature winding comprises 36 coil groups by these 36 commutator segment connections, each coil groups comprises two coils, one end of first coil is connected to a commutator segment, the other end is connected with one end of the second coil (namely the first coil and the second coil are directly connected in series), the other end of the second coil be then connected to the first coil be connected the adjacent commutator segment of commutator segment, first coil and the second coil spacing tooth, each coil is across around 4 teeth.Described armature winding is electrically connected with the excitation winding 30 on stator 19 by commutator and carbon brush, and after energising, excitation winding 30 produces magnetic field, and magnetic field through rotor 15, makes rotor 15 rotate under the magnetic fields that the armature winding of energising produces in excitation winding 30.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of winding mode of above-mentioned armature winding.The first row illustrates four carbon brush C1 ~ C4 of motor; Second row illustrates 36 commutator segment Z1 ~ Z36 of commutator; The third line illustrates 18 wire casing S1 ~ S18 of rotor core, and is placed in the coil (for avoiding confusion, only coil sections being shown in figure) in wire casing; Fourth line illustrates 4 magnetic pole P1 ~ P4 of motor, and wherein, P1, P3 are the field pole that two polarity is identical, and P2, P4 are opposite polarity induction magnetic pole with P1, P3.
The complete annexation of the armature winding shown in Fig. 2 is as shown in the table.
As shown in Fig. 2 and upper table, commutator segment Z1 and commutator segment Z2 is by coil groups W 1realize electrical connection.Coil groups W 1there are two coil W 11and W 12, coil W 11one end be connected to commutator segment Z1, the other end and coil W 12one end connect, coil W 12the other end be then connected to commutator segment Z2.Wherein, coil W 11for being formed across winding slot S5 and S1, coil W 12for being formed across winding slot S6 and S2.
Commutator segment Z2 and commutator segment Z3 is by coil groups W 2realize electrical connection.Coil groups W 2there are two coil W 21and W 22, coil W 21one end be connected to commutator segment Z2, the other end and coil W 22one end connect, coil W 22the other end be then connected to commutator segment Z3.Wherein, coil W 21for being formed across winding slot S6 and S10, coil W 22for being formed across winding slot S7 and S11.
Commutator segment Z3 and commutator segment Z4 is by coil groups W 3realize electrical connection.Coil groups W 3comprise two coil W 31and W 32, coil W 31one end be connected to commutator segment Z3, the other end and coil W 32one end connect, coil W 32the other end be then connected to commutator segment Z4.Wherein, coil W 31for across around with W 11identical wire casing S6 and S2 is formed, coil W 32for being formed across winding slot S7 and S3.
Commutator segment Z4 and commutator segment Z5 is by coil groups W 4realize electrical connection.Coil groups W 4comprise two coil W 41and W 42, coil W 41one end be connected to commutator segment Z4, the other end and coil W 42one end connect, coil W 42the other end be then connected to commutator segment Z5.Wherein, coil W 41for across around with W 21identical wire casing S7 and S11 is formed, coil W 42for being formed across winding slot S8 and S12.
Other coil groups of armature winding can have identical direction of winding according to the first coil of same coil groups and the second coil spacing tooth, are directly connected to the contrary and coil groups W in the coil-winding direction of two coil groups of same commutator segment i+2with coil groups W ithe mode of 1 tooth in interval completes with reference to upper table winding, repeats no more herein.
Preferably, the equal turn numbers of two coils in each coil groups.Understandable, also can realize object of the present invention when two coils have the different numbers of turn.
At the total number of turns x (x=x of the coil of connection two commutator segments 1+ x 2) identical when, usually only connect two commutator segments with a coil, square x of inductance electromotive force and coil total number of turns in commutating coil in conventional art 2be directly proportional, in the present embodiment, adopt the coil groups comprising two coils to connect two commutator segments, square sum x of the number of turn of each coil in inductance electromotive force and coil groups in commutating coil 1 2+ x 2 2be directly proportional, therefore, the embodiment of the present invention effectively can reduce the inductance electromotive force in commutating coil, thus reaches the object improved commutation, improve electrical machinery life; In addition, connect two commutator segments coil institute across around wire casing more disperse, can improve wire winding generation aequum.
In addition, traditional general-purpose machine forms two magnetic poles by the excitation winding of two on stator, and magnetic circuit runs through the cross section of whole stator core, and magnetic circuit is longer.By contrast, the general-purpose machine of the present embodiment forms four magnetic poles by two excitation winding, forms magnetic loop, magnetic circuit is improved between adjacent main magnetic pole and auxiliary magnetic pole.And when obtaining identical power output, the general-purpose machine of the present embodiment can have less volume and weight, such as, the axial height of stator core and/or radial dimension reduce, and the number of turn of stator winding and/or rotor windings reduces etc.Therefore, the general-purpose machine of the present embodiment saves the use of material, reduces cost.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. a motor, comprise stator and be installed in the rotor in stator, described rotor comprises rotating shaft, armature winding and is fixed to rotor core and the commutator of rotating shaft, described commutator comprises some commutator segments, described rotor core has some teeth, form wire casing between adjacent teeth, described armature winding is placed in described wire casing; It is characterized in that: described armature winding comprises the some coil groups connect by described commutator segment, each coil groups comprises at least two directly serial connection and the coils of at least tooth in interval each other, and two coils of each coil groups head and the tail are directly connected to two adjacent commutator segments respectively; In same coil groups, the direction of winding of each coil is identical, and the coil-winding direction being directly connected to two coil groups of same commutator segment is contrary.
2. motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: each coil groups comprises two coils be directly connected in series, these two coil spacings tooth.
3. motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the equal turn numbers of each coil in same coil groups.
4. motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in same coil groups, the number of turn of each coil is unequal.
5. motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the ratio of the quantity of described commutator segment and the wire casing number of rotor core equals 1,2 or 3.
6. motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stator comprises 2P magnetic pole, described commutator has m commutator segment, and described rotor core has n tooth; Wherein, P be greater than 1 integer, m, n are the even number being greater than P.
7. motor as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the value of P is 2.
8. the motor as described in as arbitrary in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described stator comprises stator core, described stator core comprises the individual main salient pole yoke portion of P and P interpole yoke portion that are arranged alternately along its circumference and P main salient pole and P the interpole of being located at main salient pole yoke portion and interpole yoke portion respectively, described P main salient pole is tied with excitation winding respectively, form the identical magnetic pole of polarity respectively in described P main salient pole place after energising, form the magnetic pole contrary with the pole polarity at main salient pole place respectively in described P interpole place; Wherein P be greater than 1 positive integer.
9. motor as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: the ratio of described rotor diameter and the outside minimum dimension of stator core is greater than 7:10.
10. motor as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: the width in described main salient pole yoke portion is less than the width in interpole yoke portion.
11. motors as claimed in claim 8, described interpole is wound with excitation winding, and its number of turn is less than the number of turn of excitation winding on main salient pole.
CN201010159635.8A 2010-04-23 2010-04-23 A kind of motor Expired - Fee Related CN102237734B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201010159635.8A CN102237734B (en) 2010-04-23 2010-04-23 A kind of motor
JP2011109871A JP5940253B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2011-04-22 Electric motor
US13/092,612 US8749106B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2011-04-22 Electric motor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201010159635.8A CN102237734B (en) 2010-04-23 2010-04-23 A kind of motor

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CN102237734A CN102237734A (en) 2011-11-09
CN102237734B true CN102237734B (en) 2015-08-12

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Publication number Publication date
JP2011234619A (en) 2011-11-17
CN102237734A (en) 2011-11-09
US8749106B2 (en) 2014-06-10
US20110260569A1 (en) 2011-10-27
JP5940253B2 (en) 2016-06-29

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