CN102231287A - Neutron absorption ball - Google Patents
Neutron absorption ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN102231287A CN102231287A CN2011101639714A CN201110163971A CN102231287A CN 102231287 A CN102231287 A CN 102231287A CN 2011101639714 A CN2011101639714 A CN 2011101639714A CN 201110163971 A CN201110163971 A CN 201110163971A CN 102231287 A CN102231287 A CN 102231287A
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- absorption ball
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of nuclear reactors and discloses a structure and material designs of a neutron absorption ball. The neutron absorption ball is composed of an inner core and a shell layer cladding the surface of the inner core. In the invention, the performance of the neutron absorption ball is improved and especially the performance of the neutron absorption ball is obviously improved because of a shell layer structure; and the neutron absorption ball has the advantages of improving the abrasion resistance, the thermal shock resistance and the mechanical property, reducing the hygroscopicity of the absorption ball when being used in the nuclear reactors and prolonging the service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear reactor field, relate in particular to a kind of structural design and material design of neutron absorption ball.
Background technology
As energy cleaning, safety, environmental protection, nuclear energy power generation is all significant for alleviating the world and various countries' energy security and Global climate change problem.Though passed through three miles islands of the U.S. and USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Chernobyl Plant accident setback, people are still safer at active development, the better nuclear energy power generation technology of economy.At present, third generation nuclear power technology is mature on the whole.
In the 4th generation of technology such as nuclear energy system of researching and developing, high temperature gas cooled reactor can realize very high outlet temperature, has the hot deliverability of high generating efficiency and high-grade, has caused people's extensive concern.
High temperature gas cooled reactor adopts ceramic mould coated particle fuel element, and helium is as cooling medium, and graphite is made moderator, and core exit temperature can reach 700 ℃, until 950～1000 ℃.High temperature gas cooled reactor is the good heap type of a kind of security performance, this be because: 1) You Yi fuel element performance; 2) thermal capacity of graphite core is big; 3) FR negative reactivity temperature coefficient; 4) helium coolant is an inert gas, and chemical stability is good, can not undergo phase transition.
KLAK system is second reactor shut-off system of high temperature gas cooled reactor, cooperates with the control rod system in the high temperature gas cooled reactor operational process, plays shutdown and the effect of regulating operate power.Its principle of work is that when normal shutdown or emergency shut-down, the absorption ball falls into the absorption ball duct of reactor, utilizes in the boron carbide
10The intercept neutrons characteristic of B, the chain reaction of intercept neutrons and then prevention reactor, the shutdown of realization response heap; When reactor need start, absorb ball and arrive in the ball-storing tank of reactor roof by gas delivery, make it to be in stand-by state.
According to the applying working condition that absorbs ball, requiring to absorb ball has good abrasion resistance properties and thermal shock resistance, simultaneously and between the graphite duct good matching is arranged.Pure boron carbide ball
10B content height, the neutron absorptive character are good, but easily wearing and tearing caused in the graphite duct.Therefore need a kind of neutron absorption ball that possesses the wearing and tearing between neutron absorption, improvement absorption ball and duct and have good thermal-shock resistance.The design of kernel and shell structurre on the neutron absorption ball structure, when can reach the neutron absorption ball key property, help improving abrasion resistance properties, thermal shock resistance and the mechanical property of neutron absorption ball, reduce hydroscopicity, neutron absorption ball wearing and tearing are in use reduced, increase the service life.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of when reaching the neutron absorption ball Essential Performance Requirements, improve neutron absorption ball abrasion resistance properties, thermal-shock resistance and mechanical property, reduce the wearing and tearing between neutron absorption ball and duct, reduce absorption ball hydroscopicity in use, thus the neutron absorption ball structure that prolongs the serviceable life of neutron absorption ball.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of neutron absorption ball structure, this neutron absorption ball is made up of kernel and the shell that is coated on core surface.
Wherein, kernel comprises matrix material and neutron-absorbing material, and neutron-absorbing material is evenly distributed in the matrix material.
Wherein, matrix material is a carbon materials.
Wherein, neutron-absorbing material is a boron carbide.
Wherein, the material of shell is pyrolytic carbon or pottery.
Wherein, pottery is a kind of in silicon nitride, silit, titanium carbide, titanium nitride or the zirconium dioxide.
Wherein, shell adopts chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD) preparation.
Wherein, the material of shell is a pyrolytic carbon, and adopting chemical vapour deposition technique to prepare the used source of the gas of pyrolytic carbon is a kind of gas in methane, acetylene, ethene and the propylene or the mixed gas of any several gases.
(3) beneficial effect
Technique scheme of the present invention has following advantage:
1, neutron absorption ball material selection of the present invention carbon materials be matrix material, select for use boron carbide as neutron-absorbing material simultaneously, compatibility is good between each component of neutron absorption ball, and physical and chemical performance is stable.Carbon materials can guarantee that as matrix material neutron absorption ball has good thermal shock resistance.
2, the core surface of neutron absorption ball of the present invention coats one deck shell, and this structural design improves neutron absorption ball abrasion resistance properties and mechanical property, thereby reduces neutron absorption ball wearing and tearing in use, increases the service life.Fine and close simultaneously coating shell can also reduce the hydroscopicity of neutron absorption ball, reduces the influence that aqueous vapor is used neutron absorption ball.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a neutron absorption ball structural representation of the present invention.
Wherein, 1: kernel; 2: shell.：
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
With boron carbide, petroleum coke, graphite powder, resin and alcohol mixed preparing form slurry, mixed slurry is injected sponging granulator, make composite granule with fine flowability.With the mould of packing into of the powder after the granulation, carry out isostatic compaction, obtain the graphite nodule base substrate that the about 6.5mm of diameter contains boron carbide.To contain graphite nodule base substrate charing under argon shield of boron carbide, 800 ℃ of carbonization temperatures.The graphite nodule that obtains is ground processing, improve the sphericity of graphite nodule.Graphite nodule after the processing carries out pyroprocessing, 2000 ℃ of treatment temperatures.The boron carbide graphite nodule that contains after the pyroprocessing is carried out surface coating processing with acetylene gas by chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD) technology, and the CVD treatment temperature is 1050 ℃, forms the surface and coats the pyrolytic carbon layer, promptly obtains the neutron absorption ball that diameter is about 6mm.The wear-resisting rate of the neutron absorption ball of this coating pyrolytic carbon layer be do not have shell structurre the absorption ball 1/5.
In the present embodiment, adopting chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD) technology that the surface that contains the boron carbide graphite nodule is coated the employed source of the gas of processing can also be methane, ethene and propylene; The mixed gas of several gases perhaps.
Embodiment 2:
With boron carbide, graphite powder, resin and alcohol mixed preparing form slurry, mixed slurry is injected sponging granulator, make composite granule with fine flowability.With the mould of packing into of the powder after the granulation, carry out isostatic compaction, obtain the graphite nodule base substrate that the about 6.5mm of diameter contains boron carbide.To contain graphite nodule base substrate charing under argon shield of boron carbide, 800 ℃ of carbonization temperatures.The graphite nodule that obtains is ground processing, improve the sphericity of graphite nodule.Graphite nodule after the processing carries out pyroprocessing, 2000 ℃ of treatment temperatures.With three silicyl amine and ammonia is raw material, and the boron carbide graphite nodule that contains after the pyroprocessing is carried out chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and prepares the silicon nitride ceramics layer, and treatment temperature is 600 ℃.Promptly obtain the neutron absorption ball that diameter is about 6mm after the processing.The wear-resisting rate of the neutron absorption ball of this coating silicon nitride layer be do not have shell structurre the absorption ball 1/10.
Embodiment 3:
With boron carbide, petroleum coke, graphite powder, resin and alcohol mixed preparing form slurry, mixed slurry is injected sponging granulator, make composite granule with fine flowability.With the mould of packing into of the powder after the granulation, carry out isostatic compaction, obtain the graphite nodule base substrate that the about 10.5mm of diameter contains boron carbide.To contain graphite nodule base substrate charing under argon shield of boron carbide, 800 ℃ of carbonization temperatures.The graphite nodule that obtains is ground processing, improve the sphericity of graphite nodule.Graphite nodule after the processing carries out pyroprocessing, 2000 ℃ of treatment temperatures.With titanium sponge and phenixin is raw material, and the boron carbide graphite nodule that contains after the pyroprocessing is carried out chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and prepares the titanium carbide ceramic layer, and treatment temperature is 900 ℃.Promptly obtain the neutron absorption ball that diameter is about 10mm after the processing.The wear-resisting rate of the neutron absorption ball of this coating titanium carbide layer be do not have shell structurre the absorption ball 1/12.
The material of ceramic shell is respectively silicon nitride and titanium carbide among the foregoing description 2 and the embodiment 3.The material of pottery shell can also be silit, titanium nitride or zirconium dioxide during practical application.
The above only is embodiments of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a neutron absorption ball is characterized in that, is made up of kernel and the shell that is coated on described core surface.
2. neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described kernel comprises matrix material and neutron-absorbing material, and neutron-absorbing material is evenly distributed in the matrix material.
3. neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described matrix material is a carbon materials.
4. neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described neutron-absorbing material is a boron carbide.
5. neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the material of shell is pyrolytic carbon or pottery.
6. neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described pottery is a kind of in silicon nitride, silit, titanium carbide, titanium nitride or the zirconium dioxide.
7. prepare the method for neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shell adopts the chemical vapour deposition technique preparation.
8. the method for preparing neutron absorption ball as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the material of described shell is a pyrolytic carbon, and adopting chemical vapour deposition technique to prepare the used source of the gas of pyrolytic carbon is a kind of gas in methane, acetylene, ethene and the propylene or the mixed gas of any several gases.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101639714A CN102231287A (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Neutron absorption ball |
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| CN2011101639714A CN102231287A (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Neutron absorption ball |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103956192A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 镇江市纽科利核能新材料科技有限公司 | Novel high-density neutron absorption plate |
| CN104871251A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-08-26 | 揖斐电株式会社 | Member for nuclear reactors |
| CN105670346A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | Method of preparing titanium nitride-coated carbon black material through alkoxide hydrolysis |
| CN109020587A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-18 | 吉林长玉特陶新材料技术股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of boron nitride nano-tube toughening titanium carbide neutron-absorbing ceramics |
| CN112002453A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-27 | 成都赐进金属材料有限公司 | Anti-radiation composite ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN114220561A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-22 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and equipment of surface coating of high-temperature gas cooled reactor absorption ball |
| CN115536394A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-30 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-temperature gas cooled reactor absorption ball with silicon nitride coating |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101789271A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-07-28 | 清华大学 | Neutron absorption ball |
-
2011
- 2011-06-17 CN CN2011101639714A patent/CN102231287A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101789271A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-07-28 | 清华大学 | Neutron absorption ball |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| HUA CHANG ET AL: "Experimental Study on Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide by 5A Molecular Sieve for Helium Purification of High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor", 《INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH》 * |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104871251A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-08-26 | 揖斐电株式会社 | Member for nuclear reactors |
| CN104871251B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2017-03-08 | 揖斐电株式会社 | Used by nuclear reactor part |
| CN103956192A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-30 | 镇江市纽科利核能新材料科技有限公司 | Novel high-density neutron absorption plate |
| CN105670346A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-06-15 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | Method of preparing titanium nitride-coated carbon black material through alkoxide hydrolysis |
| CN105670346B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2018-03-02 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of method that alkoxide hydrolysis prepares titanium nitride cladding carbon black materials |
| CN109020587A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-18 | 吉林长玉特陶新材料技术股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of boron nitride nano-tube toughening titanium carbide neutron-absorbing ceramics |
| CN109020587B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-06-01 | 吉林长玉特陶新材料技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method of boron nitride nanotube toughened titanium carbide neutron absorption ceramic |
| CN112002453A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-27 | 成都赐进金属材料有限公司 | Anti-radiation composite ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN114220561A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-22 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method and equipment of surface coating of high-temperature gas cooled reactor absorption ball |
| CN115536394A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-30 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-temperature gas cooled reactor absorption ball with silicon nitride coating |
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Application publication date: 20111102 |