CN102230818B - Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor - Google Patents
Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102230818B CN102230818B CN 201110081036 CN201110081036A CN102230818B CN 102230818 B CN102230818 B CN 102230818B CN 201110081036 CN201110081036 CN 201110081036 CN 201110081036 A CN201110081036 A CN 201110081036A CN 102230818 B CN102230818 B CN 102230818B
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor, which comprise a bearing beam, an arrayed quartz crystal group and an encapsulating structure, wherein the bearing beam is provided with a cavity structure; the arrayed quartz crystal group is inserted into the cavity of the bearing beam; the encapsulating structure is arranged at the periphery of the bearing beam; the bearing beam has an I-shaped structure and comprises an upper plate and a lower plate which are parallel to each other, and an intermediate connecting plate which is connected with the upper plate and the lower plate; the cavity is formed on the intermediate connecting plate; the transverse size of the intermediate connecting plate is smaller than the transverse sizes of the upper plate and the lower plate; the cavity passes through the front face and the back face of the bearing beam; the side face of the bearing beam has an enclosed structure; and the cross sections of the front face and the back face of the bearing beam have I-shaped structures. The double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor has a simple structure; and on the premise of ensuring the using performance of the sensor, the designing and manufacturing difficulty can be greatly lowered, and the product cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the multidisciplinary crossing domain of instrument and meter and sensor, particularly a kind of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor.
Background technology
At present for highway operational vehicle weighing system, substantially all be based on the strain gauge transducer of piezoresistive effect, wherein the range of application with bending plate type sensor is the widest, result of use is also relatively good, but the velocity range lower (0-30km/h) that it is applicable, and construction is relative with maintenance cost high, so this type systematic is mainly used in the vehicle load detection that freeway toll station is imported and exported.For the low characteristics of its applicable velocity range, the Kistler company of Switzerland has released a kind of dynamic weighing system based on piezoelectric effect, because the high frequency response characteristic of piezoelectric sensor itself, so the applicable velocity range of this weighing system is wider, can reach (0～120km/h) velocity range, and the initial stage installation and maintenance are relatively simple, and expense is also low than bended plate type, obtained a large amount of application and obtained good result of use in North America and Europe at present.But this kind sensor is owing to the design feature of itself, and its designing and making difficulty is larger, the domestic supplier who rarely has at present this series products, and external present price comparison is expensive, so the domestic application popularization is relatively slow.In order to solve the problems such as the sensors with auxiliary electrode were manufacture difficulty is large, price is high, advance simultaneously the development of China's Vehicle weigh-in-motion technology, the present invention proposes a kind of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor, high, the applicable velocity range of its dynamic response frequency is large, precision is high, long service life, and simple in structure, can significantly reduce the designing and making difficulty, reduce cost of products.
Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention, comprise the carrier bar with cavity, implant the interior quartzy brilliant group of array of cavity of carrier bar, and the encapsulating structure that is arranged on the carrier bar periphery, wherein, described carrier bar is I-shaped structure, comprise the upper plate and the lower plate that are parallel to each other, and the middle connecting plate that connects upper plate and lower plate, described cavity is opened on the middle connecting plate, described middle connecting plate in horizontal size less than upper plate and lower plate in horizontal size, described cavity runs through the front and back of described carrier bar, and is enclosed construction in the side, and the cross section of the front and back of described carrier bar is worker's shape structure; The quartzy brilliant group of described array is made of the brilliant group of two row array row fossil English, and the lateral separation along carrier bar is arranged, single quartzy brilliant group is made of piezoelectric quartz crystal, electrode and zirconia ceramics sheet, described piezoelectric quartz crystal and electrode are arranged on up and down between two zirconia ceramics sheets in the mode at interval, and two zirconia ceramics sheets respectively with electrode contact, be coated with conducting resinl on the faying face of described piezoelectric quartz crystal, electrode and zirconia ceramics sheet.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a pair of side of described middle connecting plate is outwards outstanding C shape structure;
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the spacing of described adjacent single quartzy brilliant group is 30～50mm;
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electrode of described single quartzy brilliant group is selected the yellow gold electrode.
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, described piezoelectric quartz crystal is selected high-quality synthetic quartzcrystal, and its quality factor are 10
5～10
6
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the negative pole of two bauerite crystal of described electrode both sides is connected with negative pole.
Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention has the following advantages at least: Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor compact overall structure of the present invention, sturdy and durable, can bear the common wearing and tearing in road surface, impact, has very high fatigue lifetime, its range can be accomplished 15T～30T, overall accuracy can reach 3%FS～5%FS, and volume is little, and sectional dimension is 70mm * 50mm only, length can arrive 700mm～1000mm, and installs, debugs conveniently.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the carrier bar structural representation of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the layout synoptic diagram of the quartzy brilliant group of array of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of the single quartzy brilliant group of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the connection diagram of the single quartzy brilliant group of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of yellow gold electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the scheme of installation of the quartzy brilliant group of array of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the work synoptic diagram figure of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention under the single unit vehicle effect;
Figure 10 is Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor type signal output map of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention is described in detail:
To shown in Figure 3, Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention comprises the carrier bar 1 with similar double C-type cavity structure, the interior quartzy brilliant group 2 of array of cavity structure of implanting carrier bar 1, and hermetically-sealed construction referring to accompanying drawing 1.
Please consult especially shown in Figure 2, described carrier bar 1 integral body is I-shaped structure, comprise the upper plate and the lower plate that are parallel to each other, and the middle connecting plate that connects upper plate and lower plate, wherein, carrier bar 1 bearing of trend on long limit is directions X (that is laterally), and the bearing of trend on short limit is Y-direction (that is vertically), the face that the cross section is larger and cross sectional shape are that the face of I shape is front or the back side 13, and the face vertical and adjacent with front or the back side 13 is side 15.Described carrier bar 1 inside offers cavity 11, this cavity 11 is opened on the middle connecting plate, less than upper plate and the lower plate size at directions X, described cavity 11 runs through the front and back of described carrier bar 1 to described middle connecting plate in the size of directions X, and is enclosed construction in the side.The a pair of side of described middle connecting plate is outwards outstanding C shape structure.
The material of described carrier bar 1 is high-strength aluminum alloy, and the road surfaces such as its mechanical property and concrete pitch have preferably consistance, can improve the serviceable life of sensor.In order to solve the preload problem of the quartzy brilliant group of array in the Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor, carrier bar 1 of the present invention is monolithic construction, utilize the physical dimension of its cavity and the height dimension interference relationship of the quartzy brilliant group of array, utilize the brilliant group of elastic deformation pair array fossil English of cavity to carry out preload.Consider that pretightning force is for the impact of transducer sensitivity, in conjunction with FEM Simulation, by the optimization for physical dimension, realization is to effective control of preload force, with the consistance of assurance along the whole length direction preload force of sensor, thereby guarantee to make transducer transversely have more consistent sensitivity.
The present invention to the requirement of carrier bar is: 1. what require cavity part vertically has lower rigidity, is specially less than 5% of sensitive element rigidity, to reduce carrier bar 1 structure itself for the load sharing of acting force P, the sensitivity of raising sensor of the present invention; 2. for laterally, require carrier bar 1 to have higher bendind rigidity, in the situation that guarantees volume and structure, design according to maximal value, more even to guarantee the pretightning force be applied on the quartzy brilliant group 2 of array, so that axle carries the acting force that acts on each quartzy brilliant group is more consistent, guarantee that the sensitivity output of sensor is not subjected to axle to carry the impact of active position, make sensor along laterally having more consistent sensitivity, thus guarantee sensor higher output-consistence laterally arranged.
The quartzy crystalline substance group 2 of described array is made of the brilliant group of two row array row fossil English, along laterally arranging every 30～50mm spacing of carrier bar 1, so, can improve the anti-roll capability and the design object that satisfies wide range of sensor.
See also shown in Figure 4ly, described single quartzy brilliant group is made of two piezoelectric quartz crystals 5, three yellow gold electrodes 6 and two zirconia ceramics sheets 7.Wherein, described piezoelectric quartz crystal 5 and yellow gold electrode 6 are arranged between two zirconia ceramics sheets 7 in the mode at interval, and two zirconia ceramics sheets 7 contact with yellow gold electrode 6 respectively.In other words, be exactly middle be a yellow gold electrode 6, piezoelectric quartz crystal 5 is arranged respectively in both sides at a yellow gold electrode 6, arrange respectively remaining two yellow gold electrodes 6 in the both sides of two piezoelectric quartz crystals 5, at last, two zirconia ceramics sheets 7 are arranged in remaining two yellow gold electrode 6 both sides, like this, the structural group of the brilliant group of single quartz becomes: zirconia ceramics sheet 7/ yellow gold electrode 6/ piezoelectric quartz crystal 5/ yellow gold electrode 6/ piezoelectric quartz crystal 5/ yellow gold electrode 6/ zirconia ceramics sheet 7.
Piezoelectric quartz crystal 5 adopts the high-purity synthetic quartzcrystal, and its quality factor are up to 10
5～10
6, satisfactory mechanical property, without pyroelectric effect, working band is wide, dynamic measurement error (amplitude and phase error) is little, is the desirable sensitive element for quasistatic and dynamic force test.Generally select XY cut type quartz crystal for the measurement of unidirectional load, the quartz crystal of this kind cut type can guarantee that the structure of sensor is fairly simple, and what piezoelectric quartz crystal 5 of the present invention adopted is the wafer type design.See also shown in Figure 5ly, described piezoelectric quartz crystal 5 solidifies and is connected on the yellow gold electrode, and electric upper employing is connected in parallel, and the negative pole that is about to two bauerite crystal is connected with negative pole, makes one times of the charge sensitivity lifting of sensor.Single quartzy brilliant group adopts the brilliant group 2 of serial connection form forming array fossil English in physical construction.
Because the easy leaks of electric charge itself, so electrode of the present invention adopts the yellow gold electrode that conducts electricity very well, the elastic modulus of this material is than red copper and Yin Genggao, can not reduce the dynamic property of whole sensor, carry out positioned at intervals in order to make single quartzy brilliant group with fixing distance, design is for the identical array yellow gold electrode 6 of piezoelectric quartz brilliant group external diameter, the location that utilizes the planform of yellow gold electrode 6 to realize piezoelectric quartz crystal 5 and zirconia ceramics sheet, see also shown in Figure 6, yellow gold electrode 6 is when making, the interval of single electrode slice can be designed according to pre-determined brilliant group installation interval distance, during combination, with the piezoelectric quartz wafer, zirconia ceramics sheet and the alignment of yellow gold electrode just can realize the location.
See also shown in Figure 7ly, the Main Function of described zirconia ceramics sheet 7 is that the mechanical hull of yellow gold electrode 6 and sensor is isolated, and improves the insulation impedance of sensor, prevents charge leakage.Because sensor is mainly realized kinetic measurement, so require the zirconia ceramics sheet to have certain impact flexibility, prevent from damaging.For this reason, the present invention selects the zirconia ceramics sheet with high strength and excellent toughness.
The quartzy brilliant group of described array is in encapsulation process, separately faying face place at piezoelectric quartz crystal 5, yellow gold electrode 6 and zirconia ceramics sheet 7 needs coated with conductive glue, to increase electric conductivity, improve contact stiffness, also need to apply certain pretightning force during curing to improve contact stiffness, the sensitivity that can improve to a certain extent sensor.
The quartzy brilliant group 2 of described array needs to test insulation resistance, General Requirements insulation resistance 〉=10 before curing
10Ω slows down electric charge and discharges.Insulation resistance is cured after reaching requirement again.
After the quartzy brilliant group 2 of array is finished curing, apply high resistant insulation silica gel at outside surface, prevent other contaminating impurity wafer surface, to improve insulation impedance.The quartzy brilliant group 2 of array need to be guaranteed all parts clean dried when implanting the double C-type cavity of carrier bar 1, to guarantee sensor higher insulation impedance is arranged.Utilize the Special support frock cavity of carrier bar 1 longitudinally to be strutted the displacement of regulation
, the quartzy crystalline substance group 2 of array is implanted, along lateral arrangement two rows, to improve sensor anti-roll capability and the design object that satisfies wide range.Remove supporting tool after implantation is finished, utilize the brilliant group 2 of elastic deformation pair array fossil English of carrier bar 1 structure itself to carry out pretension.
At last, disturb in order to prevent that surrounding environment from producing, cable adopts low noise concentric cable.It is noted that during lead-in wire that the negative pole with the quartzy brilliant group 2 of array is connected with the heart yearn of coaxial wire, positive pole is connected with the screen layer of coaxial wire.After finishing lead-in wire, sensor need to have good sealing, affects the performance and used life of sensor to prevent foreign material, steam from entering cavity.
See also Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, when wheel of vehicle 10 acts on the sensor of the present invention, the axle load of vehicle acts on the quartzy brilliant group 2 of responsive array by the carrier bar 1 of sensor of the present invention, piezoelectric effect based on quartz crystal, the charge signal that quartzy brilliant group 2 outputs of array are directly proportional with axle for vehicle load, charge signal is processed, again in conjunction with the layout of sensor of the present invention, just can be obtained the information such as axle load, airlift and speed of vehicle.
What sensor of the present invention adopted is that the part wheel-carrying is weighed, and namely vehicle axle weight is carried simultaneously by sensor 8 and road surface 9, and this bearing mode is that the heavy formula of typical axle is measured range and the serviceable life that can greatly improve sensor.Axle for vehicle load is to calculate by the area to the signal waveform of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor output, namely carries out integration along the path of output signal.Consider separating of wheel and sensor contact area front and back, when calculating the line integral of axle for vehicle load, path of integration retransmits sensor from axle and contacts for the first time wheel to last separation, wheelmark length is not the variable that can directly measure, it can according to wheel and sensor duration of contact interval of delta t and wheel speed v multiply each other and obtain.The airlift of vehicle is heavily to sue for peace by each axle that will record to obtain, and whole weighing system is comprised of a plurality of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensors.In addition, by two mistimings of pressing the sensor of known distance layout, through calculating, just can obtain car speed information by measuring vehicle.
Carrier bar of the present invention 1 adopts the double C-type cavity structure, so, can produce larger pretightning force, can not produce looseningly, and because total does not have similar deep groove structure, so the processing and manufacturing difficulty is little, cost is low.The quartzy crystalline substance of array organizes 2 when pretension is installed, in elastic deformation, and the displacement that by supporting tool the cavity of carrier bar 1 is longitudinally stipulated first
, after in the quartzy brilliant group 2 implantation cavitys of array, again with the supporting tool unloading, the elastic deformation of carrier bar 1 structure itself just can the brilliant group 2 of pair array fossil English produce reliable and stable pretightning force like this, thus the sensitivity of raising sensor.
The signal output map of Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor of the present invention as shown in figure 10, its key technical indexes is as follows:
1, physical dimension: sectional dimension 70mm * 50mm, length is 700mm～1000m;
2, range: 15T～30T;
3, precision: 3%FS～5%FS
4, standard output: 0～10V (charge amplifier amplifies rear)
5, serviceability temperature environment :-55 ℃～85 ℃
6, use humidity environment: 0～85%RH.
7, insulation resistance: 〉=10
10Ω
8, interface shape: L5
9, classification of waterproof: IP68
Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor compact overall structure of the present invention, sturdy and durable, can bear the common wearing and tearing in road surface, impact, has very high fatigue lifetime, its range can be accomplished 15T～30T, overall accuracy can reach 3%FS～5%FS, and volume is little, and sectional dimension is 70mm * 50mm only, length can arrive 700mm～1000mm, and installs, debugs conveniently.
In addition, the cavity that carrier bar of the present invention is offered runs through at the front and back of carrier bar, and in side-closed, like this, very convenient for the processing of carrier bar, adopt general cutting technique to realize, and why expensive the sensor of mentioning in the background technology is, be exactly because the processing cost of carrier bar is very expensive, because its processing all finishes by mold developing, and the cost of developing and make a mold is very considerable, for general enterprise, especially medium-sized and small enterprises all can not bear, therefore, external this sensor, domestic only have small part manufacturer to introduce, and only be confined to introduce as the agency, namely indiscriminately imitates product is intact, research for the interiors of products structure, even how to reduce the manufacturing cost of product, and at present, the domestic blank out that also is in.
The above only is one embodiment of the present invention, it or not whole or unique embodiment, the conversion of any equivalence that those of ordinary skills take technical solution of the present invention by reading instructions of the present invention is claim of the present invention and contains.
Claims (6)
1. Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor, it is characterized in that: comprise the carrier bar (1) with cavity, implant the interior quartzy brilliant group of array (2) of cavity of carrier bar (1), and the encapsulating structure that is arranged on carrier bar (1) periphery, wherein, described carrier bar (1) is I-shaped structure, comprise the upper plate and the lower plate that are parallel to each other, and the middle connecting plate that connects upper plate and lower plate, described cavity (11) is opened on the middle connecting plate, described middle connecting plate in horizontal size less than upper plate and lower plate in horizontal size, described cavity (11) runs through the front and back of described carrier bar (1), and be enclosed construction in the side, the cross section of the front and back of described carrier bar (1) is worker's shape structure; The quartzy brilliant group of described array (2) is made of the brilliant group of two row array row fossil English, and the lateral separation along carrier bar (1) is arranged, single quartzy brilliant group is made of piezoelectric quartz crystal (5), electrode (6) and zirconia ceramics sheet (7), described piezoelectric quartz crystal (5) and electrode (6) are arranged on up and down between two zirconia ceramics sheets (7) in the mode at interval, and two zirconia ceramics sheets (7) contact with electrode (6) respectively, are coated with conducting resinl on the faying face of described piezoelectric quartz crystal (5), electrode (6) and zirconia ceramics sheet (7); Described laterally is the bearing of trend on long limit of carrier bar, and the bearing of trend on short limit is vertically, and described front and back is the laterally face at place of edge.
2. Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the C shape structure of a pair of side of described middle connecting plate for outwards giving prominence to.
3. Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the spacing of described adjacent single quartzy brilliant group is 30～50mm.
4. Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the electrode (6) of described single quartzy brilliant group is selected the yellow gold electrode.
5. Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described piezoelectric quartz crystal is selected synthetic quartzcrystal, and its quality factor are 10
5～10
6
6. Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the negative pole of two bauerite crystal of described electrode both sides is connected with negative pole.
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| CN 201110081036 CN102230818B (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor |
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| CN 201110081036 CN102230818B (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Double-C-shaped piezoelectric dynamic axle load sensor |
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| CN102230818B true CN102230818B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3647753A4 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-08-25 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Sensor module and pressure distribution sensor provided with same |
Families Citing this family (7)
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| CH705783A1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-31 | Kistler Holding Ag | WIM hollow profile. |
| CN102435275B (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-12-11 | 四川兴达明科机电工程有限公司 | Sensor used for dynamic weighing |
| CH706013A1 (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-15 | Kistler Holding Ag | Sensor package for WIM sensor and WIM sensor. |
| CN102564548B (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2014-04-16 | 郑州衡量电子科技有限公司 | Dynamic weighing piezoelectric sensor for vehicle |
| CN104236688B (en) * | 2013-11-09 | 2016-08-17 | 四川奇石缘科技股份有限公司 | A kind of piezoelectric type dynamic weighing sensor for vehicle |
| CN112945362A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 长安大学 | Dynamic sensing device and measuring method for axle weight and vehicle speed |
| CN113189956B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-01 | 长春通视光电技术有限公司 | Servo system online debugging method of two-axis two-frame photoelectric image stabilization platform |
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| CN2742404Y (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2005-11-23 | 卢京玲 | Dynamic vehicle quality detection sensor |
| CN1707228A (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-14 | 乐金电子（惠州）有限公司 | Axle loading measuring apparatus and method for running vehicle |
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| CN1707228A (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-14 | 乐金电子（惠州）有限公司 | Axle loading measuring apparatus and method for running vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3647753A4 (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2021-08-25 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Sensor module and pressure distribution sensor provided with same |
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