CN102230052A - Top-bottom combined blowing converter technology for high-carbon low-phosphor molten steel with single-slag process - Google Patents
Top-bottom combined blowing converter technology for high-carbon low-phosphor molten steel with single-slag process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a top-bottom combined blowing converter technology for high-carbon low-phosphor molten steel with a single-slag process. The top-bottom combined blowing converter technology for high-carbon low-phosphor molten steel with the single-slag process is characterized in that: the technology comprises preliminary blowing, interim blowing and post blowing; raw materials comprise middle phosphor molten iron; and in post blowing, the content of FeO in furnace lag is controlled in a range of 15% to 20% through employing continuously changed dynamic oxygen lance position on a high lance position, an oxygen supply intensity of 2.5 to 3.5 Nm<3>/t*min, an oxygen pressure of 0.8 to 0.85 Mpa. According to the top-bottom combined blowing converter technology for high-carbon low-phosphor molten steel with the single-slag process, high-carbon low-phosphor molten steel production with the single-slag process is realized by controlling the content of FeO in the furnace lag in the range of 15% to 20% through employing continuously changed dynamic oxygen lance position on the high lance position.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of process for making, specifically, relate to a kind of top and bottom combined blown converter technology of producing high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel.
Background technology
Converter is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel and is generally comprised low draw mend carbon technology and high-carbon tapping technology.Draw in the mend carbon technology low, in molten steel, add carburelant in low-carbon (LC) tapping back, thereby increase the carbon content in the molten steel.The low mend carbon technology that draws can guarantee the lower phosphorus content of molten steel, suitable terminal temperature and metastable carbon content, its process stabilizing, thereby adopted by most of steel mill.But when adding carburelant after tapping, this arts demand utilizes argon gas to stir even molten steel composition, and this can cause molten steel to expose oxygen uptake, and the carburelant of Jia Ruing can increase the hydrogen richness in the molten steel simultaneously, therefore causes defectives such as strand bubble, white point.In addition, because the low benefit carbon operation of drawing is many, so the production cost height.
Recently, iron and steel enterprise both domestic and external is devoted to develop high-carbon always and taps and produce the technology of medium and high carbon steel water.The high-carbon tapping not only can avoid adding the harm that carburelant brings, and can also reduce alloy consumption, oxygen depletion and process and blow damage, and can significantly reduce production costs.But because the carbon content height of the blow end point of high-carbon tapping, so low, the dephosphorization ability of dephosphorization efficient of converter high-carbon tapping, this makes high-carbon tapping technology be difficult to carry out always.Even implement high-carbon tapping technology, also to adopt the dephosphorization pretreatment technology, for example: earlier molten iron is carried out dephosphorization, implement the high-carbon tapping by converter again; Adopt duplex practice to finish by two block converters, promptly earlier carry out dephosphorization, heat up by another block converter carbon drop again by a block converter.Adopt the pretreated high-carbon tapping of dephosphorization technology that facility investment and production cost are increased greatly.
The patent No. be " 200610166514.X " patent disclosure the converter process of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel " double slag process produce ", this process using blowing dephosphorization deslagging in early stage, blowing secondary dephosphorization deslagging in mid-term and blowing later stage, dephosphorization and the technical scheme of adjusting molten bath terminal temperature and end point carbon were produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel once more.This process using double slag process, so complex procedures and influence rhythm of production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of single slag process to produce the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Produce the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel according to single slag process of the present invention, comprising that blowing early stage, blowing mid-term and blowing later stage and raw material comprise medium-phosphorus hot metal, the blowing later stage adopt place, high rifle position continuously the dynamic oxygen lance position of change with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope.Medium-phosphorus hot metal comprises 4.0%～4.5% C, 0.4%～0.5% Si, 0.2%～0.4% Mn, 0.15%～0.20% P by weight percentage, and surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the temperature of medium-phosphorus hot metal is 1240 ℃-1260 ℃.
According to the top and bottom combined blown converter technology that single slag process of the present invention is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, also be combined in slag enter return dry spell to press rifle during in adopt place, high rifle position continuously the dynamic oxygen lance position of change with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope.The dynamic oxygen lance position of change is meant change continuously in the scope of oxygen rifle at 1700mm～1900mm continuously at place, high rifle position.
Produce the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel according to single slag process of the present invention, also be combined in blowing and adopt mid-term and to add refrigerant continuously and to adopt weak bottom blowing in the blowing later stage, with blowing mid-term and blowing later stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope and make converter the splash phenomenon not occur simultaneously.Medium-phosphorus hot metal comprises 4.0%～4.5% C, 0.25%～0.85% Si, 0.2%～0.4% Mn, 0.15%～0.20% P by weight percentage, and surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the temperature of medium-phosphorus hot metal is 1200 ℃-1300 ℃.
According to the top and bottom combined blown converter technology that single slag process of the present invention is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, refrigerant can for iron level by weight percentage more than or equal to 55% agglomerate.The bottom blowing intensity in blowing later stage can be 0.030Nm
3/ tmin～0.035Nm
3/ tmin.Bottom blown gas can be Ar or N
2
The top and bottom combined blown converter technology of producing high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel according to single slag process of the present invention, blowing early stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 20%～30% the scope.
The method according to this invention, adopt continuously the adding refrigerant and adopt weak bottom blowing mid-term by adopting at the continuous dynamic oxygen lance position that changes in place, high rifle position in the blowing later stage and being combined in blowing in the later stage of blowing, FeO content in the blowing middle and later periods slag is controlled in 15%～20% the scope, blowing middle and later periods reaction between carbon and oxygen is taken place reposefully, thereby realized single slag process production high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel.
Embodiment
Utilizing converter to produce in the process of low-carbon (LC) molten steel, because the carbon content of blow end point is low, so FeO content is enough to the phosphorus in the molten steel is effectively deviate from the slag.But utilizing converter to produce in the process of high-carbon low-phosphorus steel, because blow end point carbon content height so the FeO content in blowing later stage slag is low, is not enough to the phosphorus in the molten steel is effectively deviate from.In addition, in order to realize the high-carbon tapping, the later stage oxygen supply time shortens, and therefore, the dephosphorization time in later stage shortens, and this also is unfavorable for the later stage dephosphorization.
Above-mentioned reason has become the main restricting factor that the restriction single slag process is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel.Therefore, present high-carbon low-phosphorus tapping technology mainly adopts as the dephosphorization pretreatment technology described in the background technology part and in the double slag process technology of blowing early stage and blowing slag making in mid-term dephosphorization.
Converter steelmaking generally comprises the early stage of blowing, blowing mid-term and blowing later stage.In the present invention, the index futures silicomanganese reaction period before the blowing, the index futures reaction between carbon and oxygen phase in the blowing, index futures reaction between carbon and oxygen peak period, blowing back is to finishing blowing.For example, for the single slag process converter smelting process, blowing normally is no more than 3 minutes time period in earlier stage after the blowing beginning; Blowing mid-term normally from blowing beginning after 3 minutes to 8～10 minutes time period, that is, reaction between carbon and oxygen began to the time period between the reaction between carbon and oxygen peak period; The blowing later stage normally blows and begins after 8～10 minutes to the time period of pressing rifle.Described pressure rifle be meant the tapping of falling the stove for convenience when smelting basic the end and with the rifle position of oxygen rifle force down to 1200mm～1300mm for example with the operation of reduction slag spumescence.
Produce high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel technology utilization top and bottom combined blown converter according to single slag process of the present invention, blowing early stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 20%～30% the scope.Adopt at place, high rifle position dynamic oxygen lance position, the 2.5Nm of change continuously in the blowing later stage
3/ tmin～3.5Nm
3The oxygen supply intensity of/tmin and the oxygen of 0.8Mpa～0.85Mpa are pressed, and be combined in blowing and adopt mid-term and to add refrigerant continuously and to adopt weak bottom blowing in the blowing later stage, with blowing mid-term and blowing later stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope, make converter the splash phenomenon not occur simultaneously.
Adopt at place, high rifle position the dynamic oxygen lance position system of change continuously in the blowing later stage, can guarantee that FeO content is controlled in 15%～20% the scope in blowing later stage slag, and huge fluctuation can not take place because of the vigorous reaction of carbon oxygen, thereby guarantee that the reaction between carbon and oxygen in the converter carries out reposefully.Specifically, slag enter return dry spell to press rifle during in change continuously is controlled at FeO content in slag in 15%～20% the scope.Here, return and be meant dry spell in smelting process, FeO content descends the fastest period in the slag.
Adopt the continuous refrigerant that adds to play the effect that liquid steel temperature is evenly risen mid-term in blowing, increase the content of FeO in the slag simultaneously.Here, refrigerant refers to iron level by weight percentage more than or equal to 55% agglomerate, but is not limited thereto.
In addition, when adopting the high-carbon tapping, the reaction between carbon and oxygen in blowing later stage is very violent, thereby the carbon monoxide that produces is enough to play the effect of agitation molten pool.Therefore, for the slag that makes the blowing later stage keeps high FeO content and the phosphorus in the molten steel is deviate from effectively, adopt weak bottom blowing system to reduce the speed of reaction between carbon and oxygen.Specifically, the bottom blowing intensity in blowing later stage can be 0.030Nm
3/ tmin～0.035Nm
3/ tmin.The bottom blown gas that the present invention uses can be Ar or N
2, but be not limited thereto.
Adopt in high rifle position continuously the dynamic oxygen lance position of change and adopt the system that adds refrigerant continuously and adopt weak bottom blowing in the blowing later stage mid-term in the blowing later stage by above-mentioned in blowing, can blowing mid-term and blowing later stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope and can guarantee that reaction between carbon and oxygen carries out reposefully, simultaneously can prevent the generation of splash phenomenon, thereby reach the purpose of high-carbon low-phosphorus tapping.
In the middle of ferrophosphorus water comprise by weight percentage 4.0%～4.5% C, 0.4%～0.5% Si, 0.2%～0.4% Mn, 0.15%～0.20% P, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, when temperature is 1240 ℃-1260 ℃, can be only by adopt at place, high rifle position continuously the dynamic oxygen lance position of change to realize purpose of the present invention in the blowing later stage.
In the middle of ferrophosphorus water comprise by weight percentage 4.0%～4.5% C, 0.25%～0.85% Si, 0.2%～0.4% Mn, 0.15%～0.20% P, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, when temperature is 1200 ℃-1300 ℃, can adopts continuously the adding refrigerant and adopt weak bottom blowing to realize purpose of the present invention mid-term by adopting at the continuous dynamic oxygen lance position that changes in place, high rifle position in the blowing later stage and being combined in blowing in the later stage of blowing.
To describe the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of single slag process production high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention from reinforced system, rifle position system, bottom blowing system and the several aspects of oxygen supply system in detail below.
(1) reinforced system
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, go into the stove metal charge comprise by weight percentage 87%～96% above-mentioned medium-phosphorus hot metal and 4%～13% the steel scrap and/or the pig iron.With quickened lime, light-burned MAG block and agglomerate as slag making materials.Here, CaO content adds quickened lime by weight percentage more than or equal to 85% according to the silicone content in the medium-phosphorus hot metal in the quickened lime, and add-on is about 35kg～70kg/t steel; Mg content in the light-burned MAG block is more than or equal to 70%, and add-on is about 4.5～5.5kg/t steel; The iron level of agglomerate is more than or equal to 55%, and agglomerate adds according to the temperature of medium-phosphorus hot metal, and add-on is about 10～50kg/t steel.
Quickened lime is main slag making materials.Because the add-on of quickened lime is bigger, and is not saturating for fear of disposable adding slag, add so can adopt in batches.For example, add 3/4 of quickened lime total amount after the beginning oxygen supply, remaining quickened lime divides two to three batches of addings.
MgO content plays the effect of protecting furnace lining in the increase slag thereby light-burned MAG block is mainly used in.After the beginning oxygen supply, can make the stable MgO content of whole converter steelmaking process process maintenance with the protection furnace lining the disposable whole addings of light-burned MAG block.
Produce in the high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel technology at single slag process according to the present invention, agglomerate plays the effect that molten steel is evenly heated up as refrigerant, plays the effect that increases FeO content in the slag simultaneously.Can be after the beginning oxygen supply a part of agglomerate and above-mentioned part quickened lime and whole light-burned MAG blocks be added in the top and bottom combined blown converter, for example can be after beginning oxygen supply with the agglomerate total amount 1/2, blow in whole adding top and bottom combined blown converters of 3/4 and light-burned MAG block of quickened lime total amount.According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, can mid-term the agglomerate of remainder be added in the top and bottom combined blown converter continuously in blowing, can avoid the temperature fluctuation in the converter that every batch of adding mode in batches that adds a large amount of refrigerants causes like this.Should be noted that continuous adding of the present invention is meant agglomerate is added in the top and bottom combined blown converter continuously so that short run is multiple batches of.For example, divide in the multiple batches of adding top and bottom combined blown converter with the amount of every crowd of 100kg every 10 seconds～30 seconds agglomerate mid-term in blowing, but the invention is not restricted to this remainder.
(2) rifle position system
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, slag enter return dry spell before, adopt height-low-Gao rifle position.Specifically, when beginning to blow, adopt the rifle position of about 1400mm～1500mm; After early stage, foamy slag got up, with rifle position about 100mm～150mm that descends; After the reaction between carbon and oxygen phase begins, the rifle position is promoted to about 1600mm～1800mm.Slag enter return dry spell to press rifle during, adopt dynamic rifle position.Specifically, make the alternatively up and down ground change in about 1700mm～1900mm scope of rifle position, for example, the oxygen rifle stopped 5～10 seconds at the place, rifle position of 1700mm, and then, the place, rifle position that rises to 1900mm stopped 5～10 seconds again, be reduced to 1700mm afterwards again, move in circles.The last rifle of slowly pressing is to about 1200mm～1300mm.Produce the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel according to single slag process of the present invention, slag enter return dry spell to press rifle during adopt dynamic rifle position, can guarantee like this that FeO content in the slag maintains big fluctuation do not occur in 15%～20% the scope, reaction between carbon and oxygen is stably carried out, thereby can the phosphorus in the molten steel be removed effectively in the blowing middle and later periods.
(3) bottom blowing system
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, bottom blown gas can be Ar or N
2, but be not limited thereto.In blowing in earlier stage, bottom blowing intensity can be 0.050Nm
3/ tmin～0.060Nm
3/ tmin; Blowing mid-term, bottom blowing intensity can be 0.035Nm
3/ tmin～0.040Nm
3/ tmin; In the blowing later stage, bottom blowing intensity can be 0.030Nm
3/ tmin～0.035Nm
3/ tmin.Top and bottom combined blown converter technology according to single slag process of the present invention is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel adopts weak bottom blowing system in the blowing later stage, and this can reduce reaction between carbon and oxygen speed, makes in the slag in blowing later stage to keep high FeO content, thereby is beneficial to removing of phosphorus in the molten steel.
(4) oxygen supply system
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, oxygen supply intensity can be 2.5Nm
3/ tmin～3.5Nm
3/ tmin.According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, adopt to become the oxygen press operation.Specifically, when beginning to blow, oxygen is pressed and can be about 0.8Mpa～0.85Mpa, impels blowing morningization slag in early stage to cooperate high rifle position system; When occurring overflowing slag, can to reduce speed of reaction, avoid heating up too fast and the slag that overflows in a large number with the oxygen pressure drop to about 0.70Mpa～0.80Mpa; When excessive slag finishes, the oxygen pressure is carried to about 0.80Mpa～0.85Mpa, and this oxygen pressure is maintained until blow end point, to guarantee normal oxygen supply speed, guarantee the speed of reaction between carbon and oxygen.
Produce the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel according to single slag process of the present invention, the weak bottom blowing system that adds agglomerate system and later stage continuously in the dynamic rifle position system by the later stage of will blowing, blowing mid-term, adopt single slag process can converter terminal obtain C content more than or equal to 0.40%, phosphorus content is smaller or equal to 0.025% high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel.
To the top and bottom combined blown converter technology that single slag process of the present invention is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel be described by specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
In the 80t top and bottom combined blown converter, add 90t medium-phosphorus hot metal, 3t steel scrap and 1t iron block, wherein, medium-phosphorus hot metal contains 4.0% C, 0.51% Si, 0.25% Mn, 0.168% P, 0.045% S by weight percentage, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, 1246 ℃ of molten iron temperatures.When beginning to blow, adopt the rifle position of 1400mm, about 3 minutes with the rifle potential drop to 1300mm, the rifle position carried to 1600mm in about 6 minutes, the rifle position carried to 1900mm in about 8 minutes, make the alternatively up and down change between 1700mm～1900mm of rifle position afterwards, the half-open beginning was pressed rifle until 12 minutes, slowly pressed rifle to 1300mm.When beginning to blow, adopt the oxygen of 0.80MPa to press, about 3 minutes with the oxygen pressure drop to 0.70MPa, about 4.5 minutes after, the oxygen pressure is maintained 0.85Mp.After beginning blowing, add 4000kg quickened lime, the light-burned MAG block of 400kg, 1200kg agglomerate, when 4 minutes and 6 minutes, add 400kg quickened lime and 200kg agglomerate respectively, after 6 minutes, slowly add residue 700kg agglomerate with every batch of 100kg agglomerate.Stopped oxygen supply in 14 minutes, and sampling, thermometric, tapping then.Tapping temperature is to be 1650 ℃, and C content is 0.41% in the molten steel, and the P content in the molten steel is 0.018%.
Embodiment 2
In the 80t top and bottom combined blown converter, add 89t medium-phosphorus hot metal and 4.5t steel scrap, wherein, medium-phosphorus hot metal contains 4.0% C, 0.38% Si, 0.20% Mn, 0.177% P, 0.040% S by weight percentage, and surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, 1238 ℃ of molten iron temperatures.When beginning to blow, adopt the rifle position of 1500mm, after about 3.5 minutes with the rifle potential drop to 1400mm, after about 6 minutes the rifle position is carried to 1700mm, after about 8 minutes the rifle position is carried to 1800mm, make the alternatively up and down change between 1700mm～1900mm of rifle position afterwards, the half-open beginning was pressed rifle until 12 minutes, slowly pressed rifle to 1300mm.When beginning to blow, adopt the oxygen of 0.80MPa to press, in the time of about 3 minutes with the oxygen pressure drop to 0.70MPa, about 5 minutes after, the oxygen pressure is maintained 0.85Mp.After beginning blowing, add 3500kg quickened lime, the light-burned MAG block of 450kg, 900kg agglomerate, added 500kg quickened lime and 200kg agglomerate at 4 minutes, added the 400kg quickened lime at 5 minutes, added the 200kg agglomerate at 6 minutes, after 6 minutes, slowly add residue 1000kg agglomerate with every batch of 100kg agglomerate.Stop oxygen supply in the time of 13 minutes 55 seconds, and sampling, thermometric, tapping then.Tapping temperature is to be 1666 ℃, and C content is 0.55% in the molten steel, and the P content in the molten steel is 0.022%.
According to the description of the foregoing description as can be seen, according to the top and bottom combined blown converter technology that single slag process of the present invention is produced high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, need not through dephosphorization of molten iron pre-treatment and the slag making of converter secondary, operation is simple, cost is low.
Claims (10)
1. a single slag process is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, described top and bottom combined blown converter technology comprises that the early stage of blowing, blowing mid-term and blowing later stage and raw material comprise medium-phosphorus hot metal, it is characterized in that, adopt at place, high rifle position dynamic oxygen lance position, the 2.5Nm of change continuously in the blowing later stage
3/ tmin～3.5Nm
3The oxygen supply intensity of/tmin and the oxygen of 0.8Mpa～0.85Mpa are pressed FeO content in the slag are controlled in 15%～20% the scope.
2. single slag process as claimed in claim 1 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, described medium-phosphorus hot metal comprises 4.0%～4.5% C, 0.4%～0.5% Si, 0.2%～0.4% Mn, 0.15%～0.20% P by weight percentage, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the temperature of medium-phosphorus hot metal is 1240 ℃-1260 ℃.
3. single slag process as claimed in claim 1 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, slag enter return dry spell to press rifle during in adopt place, high rifle position continuously the dynamic oxygen lance position of change with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope.
4. as the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of claim 1 or 3 described single slag process production high carbon low-phosphorus molten steels, it is characterized in that the dynamic oxygen lance position of change is meant change continuously in the scope of oxygen rifle at 1700mm～1900mm continuously at place, high rifle position.
5. single slag process as claimed in claim 1 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, described top and bottom combined blown converter technology also is included in blowing and adopts mid-term and to add refrigerant continuously and to adopt weak bottom blowing in the blowing later stage, with blowing mid-term and blowing later stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 15%～20% the scope and make converter the splash phenomenon not occur simultaneously.
6. single slag process as claimed in claim 5 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, described medium-phosphorus hot metal comprises 4.0%～4.5% C, 0.25%～0.85% Si, 0.2%～0.4% Mn, 0.15%～0.20% P by weight percentage, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the temperature of medium-phosphorus hot metal is 1200 ℃-1300 ℃.
7. single slag process as claimed in claim 5 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, described refrigerant is that iron level is by weight percentage more than or equal to 55% agglomerate.
8. single slag process as claimed in claim 5 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, the bottom blowing intensity in blowing later stage is 0.030Nm
3/ tmin～0.035Nm
3/ tmin.
9. single slag process as claimed in claim 5 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that bottom blown gas is Ar or N
2
10. single slag process as claimed in claim 1 is produced the top and bottom combined blown converter technology of high carbon low-phosphorus molten steel, it is characterized in that, blowing early stage with slag in FeO content be controlled in 20%～30% the scope.
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