CN102229811A - Skid-mounted small and medium-sized light hydrocarbon extraction system by using secondary refrigeration of vortex tube - Google Patents
Skid-mounted small and medium-sized light hydrocarbon extraction system by using secondary refrigeration of vortex tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN102229811A CN102229811A CN2011101194246A CN201110119424A CN102229811A CN 102229811 A CN102229811 A CN 102229811A CN 2011101194246 A CN2011101194246 A CN 2011101194246A CN 201110119424 A CN201110119424 A CN 201110119424A CN 102229811 A CN102229811 A CN 102229811A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a skid-mounted small and medium-sized light hydrocarbon extraction system by using a secondary refrigeration of a vortex tube. The invention is characterized in that the system is composed of a light hydrocarbon extraction module, a steam refrigeration cyclic module and a vortex tube refrigeration module by a braid connection; an inlet centrifugation separator of the light hydrocarbon extraction module is successively connected with a raw material gas compressor one-stage compression section, a first cooler, a liquid separation tank, drying towers, a raw material gas compressor two-stage compression section, a stabilizer, a second cooler, a first heat exchanger, an evaporator, a second heat exchanger, a low temperature separator and a stabilizer through pipes; a refrigeration compressor of the steam refrigeration cyclic module is successively connected with a condenser, a throttle valve and the evaporator through pipes, then returned to the refrigeration compressor for compositing a cycle; the vortex tube refrigeration module comprises the vortex tube and a heat valve block. According to the invention, the one-stage compression steam refrigeration and the vortex tube refrigeration (the secondary refrigeration) enable the device to obtain a higher light hydrocarbon recovery rate without increasing energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to refrigeration and low temperature technique field, particularly utilize the system of swirl control cold extraction lighter hydrocarbons.
Background technology
Light hydrocarbon product is a kind of broad-spectrum industrial chemicals, its further processing can be produced products such as multiple label solvent oil, whipping agent, aerosol and desorbing agent, and supply falls short of demand on market at present; Light hydrocarbon product also is to pollute very little clean fuel simultaneously, is widely used as industrial fuel, domestic fuel and LPG automobile fuel etc., is the clean fuel that country vigorously promotes the use, and is cumulative year after year situation, and demand can be increasing.
Adopting the refrigerating method to extract light hydrocarbon product from Sweet natural gas (oil field gas) is one of topmost method wherein.The most frequently used Refrigeration Technique is turbo-expander swell refrigeration and steam refrigerating dual mode at present.For handling tolerance greater than 10 * 10
4Nm
3The large-scale lighter hydrocarbons extraction element of/d generally adopts the higher turbo-expander of heat insulating ability, but for handling tolerance less than 5 * 10
4Nm
3The middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction element of/d, it is technical still immature because technological reason adopts turbo-expander, the most of steam refrigerating mode that adopts of this type of device.A kind of small-sized skid Sweet natural gas methods of light hydrocarbon recovery that is used for the oil and gas gathering and transportation technology is disclosed as Chinese patent application 1515651, this method adopts the skid mode, utilization is installed in the natural gas compressor on the sled of dragging that can move flexibly, refrigerator, auxiliary cooling system is produced liquefied gas, light oil, hydrocarbon mixture and dry gas product, utilize dewatering unit to adopt molecular sieve adsorbing and dewatering or methanol dropping method to prevent the generation of hydrate under the cold condition, utilize fractionation plant to produce liquefied gas, light oil, hydrocarbon mixture product, dry gas product then can enter the defeated or gas that acts as a fuel outside the gas gathering and transportation system.Refrigeration temperature and lighter hydrocarbons extraction yield are inversely proportional to, and its refrigeration temperature of steam refrigerating system of one-level compression can reach about-35 ℃, as require to obtain the compression of the then necessary employing secondary of lower temperature, but this can bring the increase of facility investment and running cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the existing in prior technology deficiency, thereby it is relative with running cost to develop a kind of facility investment
The middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of sledge-borne type of the employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration lower, that the lighter hydrocarbons extraction yield is higher.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals: a kind of middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of sledge-borne type that adopts the vortex tube secondary refrigeration is characterized in that: described system is combined by lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and the connection of vortex tube refrigeration module;
Described lighter hydrocarbons extraction module is made up of import centrifuge separator, feed gas compressor, first water cooler, second water cooler, branch flow container, drying tower, first interchanger, second interchanger and low-temperature separator and stabilizer; Described import centrifuge separator connects feed gas compressor one-level compression section, first water cooler successively, divides flow container, drying tower, feed gas compressor secondary compression section, stabilizer, second water cooler, first interchanger, vaporizer, second interchanger, low-temperature separator and stabilizer by pipeline;
Described steam-refrigerated circulation module is made up of refrigeration compressor, condenser, throttling valve and vaporizer; Described refrigeration compressor connects condenser, throttling valve and vaporizer successively by pipeline, returns refrigeration compressor then, forms a circulation;
Described vortex tube refrigeration module is made up of vortex tube and thermal valve; Described vortex tube comprises cold junction, hot junction and nozzle, and described hot junction (pipe) connects a thermal valve.
Technical scheme of the present invention can also be further perfect:
As preferably, annexation between lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and the vortex tube refrigeration module is: the unstripped gas that comes out from lighter hydrocarbons extraction module first interchanger, be connected with the vaporizer raw material gas inlet of steam-refrigerated circulation module by pipeline, the outlet of vaporizer unstripped gas is connected with second interchanger; The vortex tube inlet pipe of vortex tube refrigeration module, be connected to the dry gas outlet of low-temperature separator, vortex tube cold junction vapor pipe, be connected to the second interchanger cold air stream import, vortex tube hot junction vapor pipe, after thermal valve and the connection of the second interchanger cold air stream outlet pipe, be connected to the cold air stream import of first interchanger.
As preferably, described lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and vortex tube refrigeration module are by the combination that is flexible coupling.Described be flexible coupling be meant that the connection between each module adopts metallic hose and flange, be convenient to installing/dismounting.
As preferably, when unstripped gas contains the sulphur component, be provided with the dry type desulfurizing device before the import centrifuge separator, unstripped gas is introduced into the desulfurization of dry type desulfurizing device, enters the import centrifuge separator then.
As preferably, when the unstripped gas source of the gas is unstable, the preceding unstripped gas voltage stabilizing gas-holder that adds of import centrifuge separator (101); Unstripped gas is introduced into the voltage stabilizing of voltage stabilizing gas-holder, enters the import centrifuge separator then.
As preferably, described nozzle adopts tangential shrinkage type nozzle arrangements, i.e. subsonic nozzle.
As preferably, described nozzle adopts tangential scaling type nozzle arrangements, i.e. superonic flow nozzzle.
As preferably, described thermal valve comprises valve body and is installed in the intravital governor lever of valve.
Therefore, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, handles tolerance less than 5 * 10 at Sweet natural gas (oil field gas)
4Nm
3The middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of/d adopts one-level compressed vapour refrigeration+vortex tube refrigeration (secondary refrigeration) to carry out gas-liquid separation under low-temperature condition, under the prerequisite that does not increase energy consumption, makes device obtain higher lighter hydrocarbons extraction yield.Solved because technological reason can not use turbo-expander, and the problem that makes the lighter hydrocarbons extraction yield of device be difficult to improve.
2, vortex tube is a kind of structure refrigeration equipment very simple, cheap for manufacturing cost.It does not have moving parts, reliable, easy to maintenance, can reduce middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction element investment and running cost effectively, solved to obtaining higher lighter hydrocarbons extraction yield, had to adopt the compression of refrigeration system secondary and the problem of bringing facility investment and running cost to increase.
3, nozzle of vortex tube exit flow speed can reach supersonic speed and can regulate the design of vortex tube cold flow rate by thermal valve, has improved the swirl control cold efficiency effectively.
Vortex tube is made up of nozzle, whirling chamber, separation orifice, cold junction pipe and hot junction pipe.Pressurized gas expands by one or several nozzle flow channels and tangentially enters vortex tube along tube wall during work, forms vortex along vortex tube inwall high speed rotating.Air-flow is in vortex tube during high speed rotating, through being separated into the unequal two portions air-flow of temperature after the eddy current conversion, the gas flow temperature that is in the centre is low, and is in the gas flow temperature height at outer position, and this process can be considered irreversible adiabatic throttling temperature-fall period.The temperature-fall period of vortex tube was divided into for two steps and considers: promptly high pressure gas in nozzle the adiabatic throttling temperature-fall period and the whirling chamber in the velocity variations of high velocity air produce temperature separate effect process.
Because gas is very big from the speed that nozzle comes out, heat has little time to conduct, so the throttling temperature-fall period of high pressure gas in nozzle can be considered adiabatic.Because the change in flow of gas is very big before and after the throttling, so can not ignore the temperature effective of gas.According to the first law of thermodynamics,, before and after throttling, have for the gas of unit mass:
In the formula,
,
Be the enthalpy of unit mass before and after the gas throttling,
,
Be the speed before and after the gas throttling.
According to hypothesis, the enthalpy of perfect gas only is the single-valued function of temperature, that is:
（2）
Wushu (2) substitution formula (1) can get the temperature drop of gas before and after the throttling
For:
（3）
Before and after nozzle, have
So the initial velocity that enters orifice gas can be ignored, and promptly has:
Perhaps:
From formula (5) as can be seen: want to reduce the temperature (reducing the jet exit gas temperature) of vortex tube cold junction, can realize: reduce the temperature in of vortex tube and the gas velocity of raising jet exit by two approach.
The present invention adopts tangential scaling type nozzle to improve gas flow velocity at nozzle outlet.
Second step of vortex tube cool-down: the speed of high velocity air changes and produces temperature separate effect process in the whirling chamber.
Gas when central authorities move, is the process that overcomes centrifuge field from the edge of whirling chamber, and gas molecule moves to high potential from low potential energy, makes the mean kinetic energy of gas molecule change into the potential energy of molecule like this, thereby makes temperature reduce.
Because just having entered the gas of whirling chamber is to do free eddying motion, the circular frequency of close whirling chamber edge gas is bigger than close inside, and because of the viscous effect of gas, when finally tending to balance state, the inside and outside circular frequency of gas is with unanimity again.Form forced vortex.Gas when central motion, because of the process progress is rapid, thereby can be regarded adiabatic as from the edge.According to energy conservation equation, have:
In the formula,
It is the enthalpy of gas cold side outlet unit mass;
,
It is the potential energy of nozzle exit and vortex tube cold side outlet place gas.
Gas can be divided into tangential and radial motion in any any motion, and radial motion is not done work, and the tangential force acting is to overcome centrifugal force place work.If the gas in the eddy current is with circular frequency
Motion, the potential energy that overcomes centrifuge field so is:
If the radius of whirling chamber is
, vortex tube cold side outlet radius is
, wushu (7) substitution formula (6) can get:
Therefore, because the temperature difference that the speed of high velocity air changes and produces
For:
Because gas tangentially entered when entering the whirling chamber, the edge in the whirling chamber has:
Wushu (10) substitution formula (9) can get:
Combined type (10) and formula (11) can get:
Can obviously find out from following formula: when
The time, the temperature in the vortex tube is nozzle outlet temperature; When
The time, the core temperature of vortex tube is minimum.Its value is:
The present invention's employing is equipped with flow control valve (thermal valve) in pipe exit, hot junction can regulate the cool and heat ends fluid flow rate, thereby regulates the temperature out of cold and hot end; Also can obtain best refrigeration effect or heat effect by adjusting.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the block diagrams that are flexible coupling of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 nozzle arrangements synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 4 is vortex tube refrigeration module diagrams;
Accompanying drawing 5 is thermal valve synoptic diagram.
Description of reference numerals: 10-thermal valve governor lever, 20-thermal valve body, 101-import centrifuge separator, the 102-feed gas compressor, 103-first water cooler, 104-second water cooler, 105-divides flow container, 106-drying tower, 107-first interchanger, 108-second interchanger, 109-low-temperature separator, 110-stabilizer, the 201-refrigeration compressor, 202-condenser, 203-throttling valve, the 204-vaporizer, 301-vortex tube, 3011-nozzle, the 3012-hot junction, 3013-cold junction, 302-thermal valve, the a-unstripped gas, the b-water coolant, c-dry gas, d-lighter hydrocarbons, e-cold air, f-hot gas.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Consider that gas well, oil well reserves finite sum disperse, the device (between lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and the vortex tube refrigeration module) of native system configuration adopts flexible pipe to be connected with flange, and (seeing shown in Figure 2) is convenient to installing/dismounting.
All adopt the sledge-borne type design.
Referring to shown in Figure 1, unstripped gas a normal temperature low-pressure state enters the lighter hydrocarbons extraction element, at first enter import centrifuge separator 101, carry out oil, the separation of water and mechanical impurity, the incoming stock air compressor 102 one-level compression section 102-1 of unstripped gas after the purification carry out the one-level compression, unstripped gas after boosting is cooled to below 40 ℃ through first water cooler 103, after removing liquid phase, minute flow container 105 enters drying tower 106 deep dehydrations again to 10PPm, the incoming stock air compressor 102 secondary compression section 102-2 of Sweet natural gas after the dehydration, Sweet natural gas after the compression enters stabilizer 110, second water cooler 104 is cooled to below 40 ℃, enter first interchanger 107 more successively, vaporizer 204, second interchanger 108 is cooled to-51 ℃, enter low-temperature separator 109 at last and carry out gas-liquid separation, dry gas after the separation liquid phase enters vortex tube 301 secondary refrigeration, vortex tube 301 (see figure 4)s, (70 ℃ of the dry gas of cold junction, 0.3MPa) enter second interchanger 108 successively, first interchanger 107 reclaims cold, dry gas after the re-heat partly is used for drying tower regeneration, all the other dry gas are directly outer defeated, low-temperature separator 109 isolated liquid hydrocarbons enter stabilizer 110, remove dissolved C1 and C2, liquid hydrocarbon d after stablizing enters the product jar becomes the hydrocarbon mixture product, and the gas that stabilizer 110 comes out imports in the unstripped gas again.
A figure shown in Figure 3 is the tangential shrinkage type nozzle arrangements of four runners, i.e. subsonic nozzle; B figure is the tangential scaling type nozzle arrangements of six runners, i.e. superonic flow nozzzle.
Embodiment 2:
As different from Example 1: when unstripped gas contained the sulphur component, unstripped gas entered the import centrifuge separator after being introduced into the desulfurization of dry type desulfurizing device, with the dry gas in the vortex tube hot junction regeneration source of the gas as the dry type desulfurizing device.
Embodiment 3:
As different from Example 1: when the unstripped gas source of the gas is unstable, add a unstripped gas voltage stabilizing gas-holder before the import centrifuge separator.
According to the present invention, according to the natural condition of device enforcement occasion, the refrigerant that is used for some refrigerating unit of system can select for use air, water to reach the Sweet natural gas that has had suitable cold.
Claims (8)
1. middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of sledge-borne type that adopts the vortex tube secondary refrigeration is characterized in that: described system is connected with the vortex tube refrigeration module by lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and combines;
Described lighter hydrocarbons extraction module is made up of import centrifuge separator (101), feed gas compressor (102), first water cooler (103), second water cooler (104), branch flow container (105), drying tower (106), first interchanger (107), second interchanger (108) and low-temperature separator (109) and stabilizer (110); Described import centrifuge separator (101) connects feed gas compressor (102) one-level compression section (102-1), first water cooler (103) successively, divides flow container (105), drying tower (106), feed gas compressor (102) secondary compression section (102-2), stabilizer (110), second water cooler (104), first interchanger (107), second interchanger (108), low-temperature separator (109) and stabilizer (110) by pipeline;
Described steam-refrigerated circulation module is made up of refrigeration compressor (201), condenser (202), throttling valve (203) and vaporizer (204); Described refrigeration compressor (201) connects throttling valve (202), condenser (203) and vaporizer (204) successively by pipeline, returns refrigeration compressor (201) then, forms a circulation;
Described vortex tube refrigeration module is made up of vortex tube (301) and thermal valve (302): described vortex tube (301) comprises nozzle body and is positioned at cold junction, the hot junction of both sides, described hot junction pipe coupling one thermal valve (302).
2. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the annexation between lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and the vortex tube refrigeration module is: the unstripped gas that comes out from lighter hydrocarbons extraction module first interchanger, be connected with the vaporizer raw material gas inlet of steam-refrigerated circulation module by pipeline, the outlet of vaporizer unstripped gas is connected with second interchanger; The vortex tube inlet pipe of vortex tube refrigeration module, be connected to the dry gas outlet of low-temperature separator, vortex tube cold junction vapor pipe is connected to the second interchanger cold air stream import, and vortex tube hot junction vapor pipe is connected to the cold air stream import of first interchanger after thermal valve and the connection of the second interchanger cold air stream outlet pipe.
3. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described lighter hydrocarbons extraction module, steam-refrigerated circulation module and vortex tube refrigeration module are by the combination that is flexible coupling.
4. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the preceding dry type desulfurizing device that is provided with of import centrifuge separator (101), unstripped gas is introduced into the desulfurization of dry type desulfurizing device, enters the import centrifuge separator then.
5. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the preceding unstripped gas voltage stabilizing gas-holder that adds of import centrifuge separator (101); Unstripped gas is introduced into the voltage stabilizing of voltage stabilizing gas-holder, enters the import centrifuge separator then.
6. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described nozzle adopts tangential shrinkage type nozzle arrangements.
7. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described nozzle adopts tangential scaling type nozzle arrangements.
8. the middle-size and small-size lighter hydrocarbons extraction system of the sledge-borne type of employing vortex tube secondary refrigeration according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described thermal valve (302) comprises valve body (20) and is installed in the intravital governor lever of valve (10).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104587790A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-05-06 | 广西大学 | Gas separating system based on micro/nanoscale thermal transpiration effect and macroscopic eddy current cold and hot effect |
| CN107338068A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Strengthen the absorption stabilizing process absorbed using itself complementary energy |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1515651A (en) * | 2003-08-23 | 2004-07-28 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Small type skid-mounted natural gas light hydrocarbon recovering method |
| WO2008122556A2 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-10-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and apparatus for separating one or more c2+ hydrocarbons from a mixed phase hydrocarbon stream |
| CN202039031U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-16 | 杭州跃强低温机械设备有限公司 | Skid-mounted middle-small sized light hydrocarbon extracting system employing vortex tube for secondary refrigeration |
-
2011
- 2011-05-10 CN CN 201110119424 patent/CN102229811B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1515651A (en) * | 2003-08-23 | 2004-07-28 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Small type skid-mounted natural gas light hydrocarbon recovering method |
| WO2008122556A2 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2008-10-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method and apparatus for separating one or more c2+ hydrocarbons from a mixed phase hydrocarbon stream |
| CN202039031U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2011-11-16 | 杭州跃强低温机械设备有限公司 | Skid-mounted middle-small sized light hydrocarbon extracting system employing vortex tube for secondary refrigeration |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104587790A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-05-06 | 广西大学 | Gas separating system based on micro/nanoscale thermal transpiration effect and macroscopic eddy current cold and hot effect |
| CN107338068A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Strengthen the absorption stabilizing process absorbed using itself complementary energy |
| CN107338068B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-06-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Strengthen the absorption stabilizing process absorbed using itself complementary energy |
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