CN1022265C - Three-dimensional holographic handling method of two-dimensional photographic plate - Google Patents
Three-dimensional holographic handling method of two-dimensional photographic plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1022265C CN1022265C CN 90109521 CN90109521A CN1022265C CN 1022265 C CN1022265 C CN 1022265C CN 90109521 CN90109521 CN 90109521 CN 90109521 A CN90109521 A CN 90109521A CN 1022265 C CN1022265 C CN 1022265C
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- hologram
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Abstract
The present invention utilizes an ordinary camera to shoot any object at different angles for nine photos; then, the nine photos are stored, coded, reproduced and rerecorded in a laboratory by using a laser holographic method so as to obtain a three-dimensional hologram which can be viewed under an incandescent lamp. The making method has the advantages of simplicity, practicability, favorable effect and high efficiency; the present invention breaks the limitation that object images can only be shot on an indoor shockproof worktable in the prior art so as to expand the application area of holographic display; the present invention is a novel achievement during actualizing holography.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of holographic technological process that produces the stereoscopic three-dimensional effect, exactly, relate to the 3D hologram disposal route of ordinary two dimensional photo, belong to contemporary optics and optical holography field.
Holographic photography is a kind of full detail that can write down in the subject reflecting light, comprises the novel photographing art of contents such as amplitude, phase place.It has been widely used in fields such as medical science, aviation, measurement, trade mark, becomes one of the break-through in 20th century.The holographic technique of having succeeded in developing now has the synthetic hologram photography, claims integrated holography＜compile referring to " practical holographic photography " China big ruler of great talent and bold vision of Xu again 〉.The method is to utilize gamma camera that an object on the turntable that slowly rotates is taken 1080 width of cloth photographic plates, perhaps object is motionless, rotate and allow videotape around object, in one week of rotation, need take 1080 width of cloth photographic plates altogether, utilize laser holography then, 1080 photos are recorded in respectively on the holographic film with the fine strip shape form and form 360 ° of holograms.If production plane hologram also must be taken 360 photos.The very loaded down with trivial details complexity of the holographic recording process of the method, shooting process is extremely long, also can not be completed the width of cloth hologram week.And striated resembles " seal " on holographic film surface, " strip " that form can't be eliminated, the observer sees that this hologram is as watching scenery thereafter by one " close fence ", very uncomfortable, effect is very undesirable, and, reference object must be placed on the turntable, significant limitation is arranged, just can't make as landscape etc., so do not reach practicability so far as yet.Another kind of holographic technique be the combination photography＜referring to " the holographic handbook U.S. H of light Caulfeild chief editor 〉.The method is to utilize 80 to 100 lenslet array or 40 to 50 cameras that jobbie is taken synchronously, return to the origin-location by the perspective piece of handling well with same system then, utilize laser to carry out holographic process again, just can obtain the hologram of Zhang San dimension as light source.Its shortcoming is that the resolution of lenslet is low, and the hologram of shooting is unintelligible, and especially huge camera array is the expense costliness not only, and uses inconvenience, and system recovery is difficulty also.The method also reaches the degree of practicability at present far away.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of shortcoming that can overcome above-mentioned holographic technique existence, manufacture craft is simple, effect is good, expense is honest and clean, and the camera application scope is not subjected to the 3D hologram disposal route of the new holographic method for imaging-two-dimentional perspective photograph of subject class limitations.
Is key of the present invention that how to utilize common 2-dimentional photo that people are looked be three-dimensional? the way that solves conceptive be simple: we just can reach three-dimensional stereo effect as if allowing each eye can see the different kens of object just.And the progress of modern holographic technology and condition and the means of providing that address this problem are provided.
Holographic technique can only limit under lab the vibration isolators operation for a long time and take the limited stationary body of size, and the application of its product is very limited.Of the present invention succeeding in developing makes holographic photography can walk out the laboratory, and reference object no longer limited to, and can take the hologram of not loose impediments such as landscape, buildings.Many advantages such as the present invention has simply, practical, effective, benefit height are for holographic practicability with enlarge the step that its application has all stepped success.For example, the present invention anti-false trademark, certificate or securities false proof that can be used for famous commodity goes up or the like.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specifically introduce the present invention.
Fig. 1 carries out the synoptic diagram that different angles are taken with camera to object.
Fig. 2 is the recording beam path synoptic diagram first time that carries out holographic storage and coding.
Fig. 3 is the light path synoptic diagram of the holographic recording second time.
A1, A2 among Fig. 1 ... diverse location when A9 is camera.0 is the object of being taken the photograph, and can be people, thing or landscape etc.Fig. 1 has shown that first step of the present invention is people, thing, a scape of aiming at required shooting with ordinary camera, take respectively on 9 identical in distance, that angle is different positions and obtain 9 photos, and this is carried out serial number and they are processed into negative film, amplification (dwindling) behind required size, reproduction becomes the orthographic perspective sheet of 9 two dimensions again.The key of this step be the camera position A5 of the camera position A1 of the object of taking the photograph 0 when taking for the first time during with the 5th shooting, both angles (∠ A
1OA
5) should be between 40 °～50 °; And 9 photos being produced must be encoded in order, can not confound order, because, carry out journal by A1～A9 in second when storage step coding, and irrelevant with the operation of slit plate 17 in the 3rd step.
The light path synoptic diagram that is holographic storage, record shown in Figure 2: promptly carry out the sequential exposure record with above-mentioned 9 the orthographic perspective sheets of handling respectively 9 times as holographic object, this is second step of the present invention.Concrete grammar is: the light that He-Ne laser instrument 1 is sent is divided into two bundles with spectroscope 2, wherein a branch of light is after catoptron 3 reflections, spatial filter 4 expand bundle, arrive on the frosted glass 5, one 6 surface of being close to frosted glass in 9 perspective pieces preparing to write down, the information of perspective piece through the expansion bundle light belt of frosted glass modulation arrives on the holographic recording dry plate 8 as thing light.A branch of in addition light arrives on the holographic recording dry plate 8 as reference light after 9 reflections of another piece catoptron, spatial filter 10 expand bundle and collimating mirror 11 collimations, this reference light and the thing interference of light and on recording medium formation Fresnel hologram.On holographic recording dry plate 8, be placed with a mask plate 7.The structure of mask plate 7 is actually and opens a horizontal light hole on the light barrier, and this hole is a rectangle, and its size is decided on the size of holographic recording medium, and general length is about 9 centimetres, widely then decides on the length of recording medium.Because of whole storage, recording process divide 9 exposures, so the holographic recording dry plate also vertically is divided into 9 zones, expose respectively according to the order perspective piece of taking corresponding with it in each zone, and shelter from other zones with mask plate, to change next perspective piece in proper order after just each exposure, and mask plate is also moved to next zone expose again.In recording process, to note determining the position of first exposure area on the good holographic dry plate, be should satisfy in the recording process in the ∠ QHU ∠ QO(formula: the line of QH first exposure area that is perspective piece to the dry plate and perspective piece are to the angle between the line of the 5th exposure area of dry plate, when QO is in kind the shooting, the object of taking the photograph and for the first time camera position line and and the 5th second phase seat in the plane put angle between the line, promptly above-mentioned ∠ A
1OA
5).Other conditions of record are all the same with the condition that the common hologram of making need satisfy.After 9 exposures, to holographic dry plate develop, photographic fixing, bleaching handle, and just obtains a Fresnel hologram.
Fresnel perspective hologram has only when reproducing with laser lighting, just can observe clear, a monochromatic stereoscopic image; And when using white-light illuminating, but can only observe resembling of fuzzy a, polychrome.The 3rd step of the present invention is to carry out the holographic recording second time, and its light path as shown in Figure 3.Just place its width and be 5～6 millimeters rectangular slit plate 17 above above-mentioned 9 exposure areas of the upper vertical of hologram 8, the conjugate beam of the reference light when writing down for the first time shines hologram and hologram is overturn 180 ° throws light on again.Concrete steps are: hologram 8 and on slit plate 17 put into light that the reference light light path＜laser instrument 1 when writing down for the first time sends through catoptron 12, spectroscope 2, catoptron 13 and 9 and spatial filter 10, collimating mirror 11 arrive on the holographic dry plates, just reappeared resembling after superposeing by 9 perspective pieces in the back of hologram 8.On the position of this elephant, be placed on holographic recording medium material 18, and resemble as thing light with this.The reflection of another Shu Guangjing catoptron 14,15 after the beam split, after the expansion bundle of spatial filter 16, the filtering, angles arrival hologram recording materials and thing light (promptly " resembling ") with 45 ° are interfered and the formation hologram, after processing such as this hologram develops, just can obtain the 3 D stereo hologram image that surprising, an available ordinary incandescent lamp is watched.
If use A
+R ion laser generator (λ=4579
) make light source, plate is made hologram recording material with photoresist, just can make the embossed holographic three-dimensional plot, just can produce the 3D hologram image made with two-dimentional perspective photograph by batch.This application of the present invention can make the develop in depth and breadth major step of holographic photography towards practicability.
The expansion of wavelength produces when reappearing (promptly observing hologram with incandescent lamp) owing to white light resembles fuzzy quantity δ a λ and slit width △ has following approximation relation:
δaλ＝ZO (（D+△）)/(L) （1）
In the formula: ZO is the distance of reconstructed image to hologram, and L and D are respectively slit to the distance of hologram and the aperture of eyes.
Cause because of the diffraction of slit again resemble fuzzy quantity δ O and slit width △ has following approximation relation:
δO＝2λ（ZO+L）/△ （2）
In the formula: the optical maser wavelength when λ is record.
Can find out from (1) formula, because object is a bidimensional in the present invention, also be ZO → 0, then δ a λ → 0 accordingly; In this case, (2) formula can be reduced to:
δO＝2λL/△
Obviously, this formula shows that it is approximately equal to the breadth wise dimension of the speckle noise that people are familiar with.If human eye can clearly be differentiated speckle on record surface, phenomenon is just flooded by noise so again, seems smudgy.In order to make human eye be unlikely the resolution speckle, must satisfy following relational expression: λ/△＜A '
1(A '
1=2.9 * 10
-4Rad) be that λ/△ must be less than the general actual angle of minimum resolution of human eye.It is 5～6 millimeters that the present invention gets slit, and laser wavelength lambda is that 632.8 millimicrons (mm) or 457 millimicrons (nm) just can satisfy above-mentioned requirements.
The present invention has carried out experimental enforcement, and Fig. 4 is exactly the sample drawing of test.4A is the perspective photograph of two dimension among the figure, and 4B is the three-dimensional perspective hologram that utilizes the two-dimentional perspective photograph 4A that the present invention makes.This figure only is the result of preliminary test, its weak point is the restriction that the resolution of elephant is subjected to camera resolution, when the shooting people resembles, imaging is clear when making light source with pulse laser generator, but its practicality, simply, method for making outclass the manufacturing technology of existing various laser holograms easily, have a good application prospect, especially in the printing of anti-false trademark, obtained the successful beginning.Fig. 4 B at the back side of hologram lining reflective aluminium foil, the transmission-type photo as reflection-type, is please watched its 3-D effect under incandescent light.This three dimensional image is to have utilized the parallax of human eye and the effect that the brains protaxis is produced.
It is to be noted that 9 photos of sequential shoot of indication of the present invention are the quantity of finger to finger test real scene shooting when implementing; also can slightly increase or reduce several; for example 5,7 or 11,13,15 or the like; its ultimate principle all is consistent with method, all belongs within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of 3D hologram disposal route of two-dimentional perspective photograph, it is characterized in that being divided into three steps: (1) is at first people, thing, the scape of aiming at required shooting with ordinary camera, identical in distance, take 9 photos that obtain on different 9 positions of angle respectively and carry out serial number, with they are processed into negative film, amplify (dwindling) behind required size, reproduction becomes the orthographic perspective sheet of 9 two dimensions again, the camera position of the camera position of the object of taking the photograph when taking for the first time during with the 5th shooting, the angle between both lines should be between 40 °～50 °; (2) then, with above-mentioned 9 the orthographic perspective sheets of handling well as holographic object, carry out the holography storage and the encoded recording of 9 exposures respectively, concrete steps are that the light that the He-Ne laser instrument sends is divided into two bundles with spectroscope, wherein a branch of light is through mirror reflects, after spatial filter expands bundle, arrive on the focussing glass, the perspective piece of preparing record is close to the surface of frosted glass, the information of perspective piece through the expansion bundle light belt of frosted glass modulation arrives on the holographic recording dry plate as thing light, a branch of in addition light is through another piece mirror reflects, after spatial filter expands bundle and collimating mirror collimation, arrive on the holographic dry plate as reference light, on recording medium, form the Fresnel hologram with the thing interference of light, on holographic dry plate, be placed with a mask plate, because of whole recording process divides 9 exposures, so the holographic recording dry plate also vertically is divided into 9 zones, exposing respectively according to shooting order perspective piece corresponding with it in each zone, and lives other zones with mask plate shielding.Should satisfy ∠ QH=∠ QO in the recording process (in the formula: the angle between the line of the line of QH the 1st exposure area that be perspective piece to the dry plate and perspective piece the 5th exposure area to the dry plate, when QO is in kind the shooting, the object of taking the photograph and for the first time the camera position line and and the 5th second phase seat in the plane put angle between the line), after 9 exposures, to holographic dry plate develop, photographic fixing, bleaching handle, and obtains a Fresnel hologram; (3) then, its width of placement is 5～6 millimeters a rectangular slit plate above above-mentioned 9 exposure areas of hologram upper vertical, the conjugate beam of reference light shines hologram when writing down with the first time again, being about to the hologram upset throws light on for 180 °, concrete steps be hologram and on slit plate put into reference light light path when writing down for the first time, just reappeared by resembling after 9 perspective piece stacks in the back of hologram, on the position of this elephant, put the holographic recording medium material, and resemble with this and to be thing light, again another Shu Guangjing reflection after the beam split, after expanding bundle filtering, arrive hologram recording materials and the thing interference of light and form hologram with 45 ° angles, after this hologram carried out development treatment, just can obtain a Zhang San and tie up hologram.
2, the disposal route of 3D hologram photo as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that if use A
+R ion laser generator (λ=4579
) make light source, plate is made hologram recording material with photoresist, can make embossed holographic 3-d photographs figure.
3, the disposal route of 3D hologram photo as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that 2-dimentional photo with the ordinary camera shooting, also can on the basis of 9 photos, slightly reduce or increase several, for example use 5,7 or 11,13,15.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90109521 CN1022265C (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | Three-dimensional holographic handling method of two-dimensional photographic plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90109521 CN1022265C (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | Three-dimensional holographic handling method of two-dimensional photographic plate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1062222A CN1062222A (en) | 1992-06-24 |
| CN1022265C true CN1022265C (en) | 1993-09-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90109521 Expired - Fee Related CN1022265C (en) | 1990-12-03 | 1990-12-03 | Three-dimensional holographic handling method of two-dimensional photographic plate |
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|---|---|
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100429587C (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2008-10-29 | 王知衍 | Holographic three-D image recording and display method and its device and application |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107430377A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-12-01 | Otoy公司 | Illuminated holograms can be weighed |
-
1990
- 1990-12-03 CN CN 90109521 patent/CN1022265C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100429587C (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2008-10-29 | 王知衍 | Holographic three-D image recording and display method and its device and application |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1062222A (en) | 1992-06-24 |
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