CN102223176A - Method and device for monitoring optical layer of passive optical network based on two-dimensional optical orthogonal code - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring optical layer of passive optical network based on two-dimensional optical orthogonal code Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for monitoring an optical layer of a passive optical network based on a two-dimensional optical orthogonal code. Each user is identified by using the two-dimensional optical orthogonal code. An optical encoder is added in the front of user equipment. The optical encoder performs optical encoding on a detected optical pulse and reflects an encoded optical signal to a monitoring system. The reflected optical signal is decoded in the monitoring system. The health state of each branch optical fibre is judged through the decoded signal. An optical power detection part in the monitoring system performs fault location and analysis functions simultaneously. In the invention, the link state of an optical network is monitored by adopting the passive optical device without limitation of a network topological structure and branch length. The device disclosed by the invention can identify that a fault is in the user equipment or an optical fibre link, judge the branch in which a fault is and position the specific position of the fault, and support the monitoring of the optical fibre link of the high-user-capacity passive optical network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber communication.Be specifically related to, in EPON, a kind of photosphere method for supervising and device that combines that detect based on two-dimensional optical orthogonal code and reflected optical power.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of the optical fiber business of registering one's residence, EPON (PON) is applied in the optical access network widely.All users in the network use common network configuration, and this feasible monitoring to network link performance becomes more and more important.Before fault caused the application layer service disconnection, the fault in the optical fiber link can't be detected, thus the massive losses that can't avoid service disconnection to bring for user and Virtual network operator.The photosphere monitoring technique can be found timely and fault location, and be reduced trouble duration to greatest extent when the physical layer mis-behave, therefore receives increasing concern in recent years.The photosphere monitoring technique has two big unique application advantages: (1) monitored the deterioration of network performance before the application layer business is interrupted, thereby took measures loss is dropped to minimum.(2) carry out fault location, differentiation is optical fiber link fault or ustomer premises access equipment fault.In the PON network, good photosphere monitoring technique should satisfy real-time monitoring, fault location, central centralized monitoring and do not influence requirement such as professional transmission.During the Link State that OTDR is applied in the optical-fiber network of optical fiber link and point-to-point widely detects.Yet in the PON of tree structure network, when surveying with OTDR, the back is the linear superposition of each branch road backscatter signal to Rayleigh scattering.When branch road produced fault, OTDR can't discern the branch road that the place takes place fault, thereby loses the monitoring effect.
In order to solve the photosphere monitoring problem of PON, existing at present many central centralized monitoring techniques are suggested.For example, the reflection peak analytic approach is introduced one with reference to reflection peak for each branch road, and the OTDR track waveform under the PON normal condition as with reference to value, is carried out network monitor and accident analysis by actual measurement with reference to the variation of reflection peak.But the method requires the length of each branch road can not be identical, otherwise overlapping with reference to reflection peak, loses the ability that branch road is judged, promptly the method is confined to topology of networks.This method also requires the OTDR of the high range resolution ratio of high-performance simultaneously, thereby distinguishes the branch road that length is more or less the same.In addition, the someone has proposed the wavelength label method, and the FBG at branch terminal installation specific reflection wavelength uses the OTDR of tunable wave length that each branch road is detected.Be each branch road and distribute a unique wavelength,, finish the differentiation of different branch by detecting the light reflection of different wave length.But the method needs the OTDR light source of big tunable range.And, limited the quantity of wavelength available, thereby limited the quantity that to monitor branch road because the spectrum width of monitoring wave band is limited.Recently, there is the researcher to hold, adopts the fiber delay line encoder to carry out the cycle coding, thereby obtain the light code signal, judge the optical fiber link state by decoded information at the OLT end at ONU.But the method does not possess fault location and accident analysis ability, simultaneously time domain cycle shortcomings such as coding has the available codeword negligible amounts, and the multiple access interference noise is bigger.
Above-mentioned method for supervising for the fault location of EPON and accident analysis limited ability in network topology structure and branch of a network quantity.This makes these methods that all difficulties all be arranged in actual applications.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of EPON photosphere method for supervising and device based on two-dimensional optical orthogonal code.The present invention has fault location and failure mode analysis ability simultaneously, and can carry out performance monitoring to witched-capacity network.It is centralized that the present invention can carry out central authorities to the PON network, and the real-time monitoring does not influence the work of regular traffic, is not subjected to the restriction of the topological structure (as multi-cascade, annular, bus, tree-like etc.) of EPON simultaneously.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of EPON based on the monitoring of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere, comprise: central office and a plurality of user, be connected by power splitter between central office and each user, it is characterized in that, on the trunk optical fiber between central office and the power splitter, be provided with the fist-order wave division multiplexer, be connected with supervisory control system at the fist-order wave division multiplexer, on the branch road optical fiber between power splitter and each user, be respectively equipped with the first secondary wave division multiplexer, the second secondary wave division multiplexer, and n secondary wave division multiplexer, at the first secondary wave division multiplexer, the second secondary wave division multiplexer, and be connected with first optical encoder respectively on the n secondary wave division multiplexer, second optical encoder, and n optical encoder, described first optical encoder, second optical encoder, and the n optical encoder has variant and mutually orthogonal two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, n is a positive integer, total number of users in the expression network, the number of users n of present embodiment is 32.
Supervisory control system comprises: optical time domain reflectometer, wideband light source, the light decoder, have the A port, the optical coupler of B port and C port, fiber grating and have a port, b port and c ports light rings, the output of wideband light source is connected with the A port of optical coupler by optical isolator, the output of optical time domain reflectometer is connected with the B port of optical coupler, the C port of optical coupler and a port of optical circulator are connected, the b port of optical circulator is connected by the input of fiber grating with the light decoder, and the c port of optical circulator is connected with fist-order wave division multiplexer on the trunk optical fiber.
A kind of photosphere method for supervising that is used for based on the EPON of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere monitoring, on the trunk optical fiber of EPON, insert a supervisory control system, simultaneously, for each user disposes separately optical encoder respectively, described each optical encoder has different and mutually orthogonal two-dimensional optical orthogonal code separately.
Each user is sent and entered to sensed light signal after beam split by supervisory control system, at user side, each optical encoder carries out the independent light coding to the sensed light signal that each user received corresponding with each optical encoder respectively according to two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, and the light code signal is returned supervisory control system.
In supervisory control system, to the computing of decoding of each user's light code signal, obtain each user's decoded signal respectively, if there is not the auto-correlation peak in user's the decoded signal, then outage appears in the pairing branch road of decoded signal; If all there is not the auto-correlation peak in all users' the decoded signal, then outage appears in trunk optical fiber; If all there is the auto-correlation peak in all users' the decoded signal, and professional the appearance interrupts, and then optical fiber link is normal, and ustomer premises access equipment breaks down.
In supervisory control system, the broadband optical signal λ that wideband light source sends
BThrough the narrowband optical signal λ that sends with optical time domain reflectometer behind the optical isolator
oBy the sensed light signal of optical coupler composition supervisory control system, and light signal λ
oFrequency be positioned at broadband optical signal λ
BThe center of frequency spectrum, sensed light signal is sent from supervisory control system through behind the optical circulator.After each user's light code signal is got back in the supervisory control system, enter fiber grating by optical circulator, fiber grating is with narrowband optical signal λ
oReflection also enters optical coupler by optical circulator, is divided into two paths of signals through behind the optical coupler, and one road signal enters optical time domain reflectometer and carries out fault location, is eliminated after another road signal enters optical isolator.Simultaneously each user's light code signal is through the transmission signal behind the fiber grating, enters the computing of decoding of light decoder.
The present invention adopts two-dimensional optical orthogonal code that each user is identified, and optical encoder adopts the fiber grating codec.The fiber grating codec is encoded in time domain and frequency domain to incoherent light pulses according to two-dimensional optical orthogonal code simultaneously, and different grating pairs is being answered different foveal reflex wavelength, finishes the selection on the frequency domain; The difference of fiber delay line between the grating is finished the coding on the time domain.Than time domain cycle encoding scheme, the two-dimensional optical orthogonal code among the present invention can obtain a large amount of available light code words, and the EPON of monitoring large user capacity.
Sensed light signal among the present invention has two spectral signatures.The narrow-band light source wavelength X
oWith wideband light source λ
BOverlap.λ
oBe used for the OTDR input; Remove λ
oDetection optical wavelength section in addition is applied to the monitoring of light coding.The stack of two light sources has increased λ
oThe luminous power of wavelength detects performance thereby improved OTDR, has increased dynamic range.And the introducing of wideband light source has increased OTDR narrow-band light source λ
oBandwidth.By increasing the light source bandwidth, the phase place that can reduce between the back scattering light wave is relevant, can reduce relevant rayleigh noise thus, thereby improves the signal to noise ratio that OTDR receives detection signal, obtain one more level and smooth back to the Rayleigh scattering track.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, the present invention distinguishes different user by the Optical Code Division Multiplexing technology, and the transmission of light coded message is not subjected to the influence of network configuration, thereby makes the present invention not be subjected to the restriction of network topology structure, can be applicable to the EPON of multi-cascade and complex topology structure.
2, adopt the address code of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code as codec, each branch road all uses unique light code word to identify, the network user's capacity that can monitor is by the capacity decision of light code word, by using two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, can obtain a large amount of available light code words, and the EPON of monitoring large user capacity.
3, the present invention has the ability of fault branch judgement and fault location, and can monitor a plurality of simultaneous faults.
4, of the present invention pair of spectra overlapping characteristic increased detection light pulse power and the spectral bandwidth of OTDR, thereby suppressed relevant rayleigh noise, improved the dynamic range of OTDR, improved the monitoring performance of OTDR.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of passive optical network structure figure based on the monitoring of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere.
Fig. 2 is a supervisory control system light source light spectrogram.
Fig. 3 is a reflected optical power detection signal trajectory diagram.
Fig. 4 is the available light number of codewords curve chart of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code.
Embodiment
The monitoring schematic diagram of centralized photosphere supervisory control system in multi-cascade PON in conjunction with the Optical Code Division Multiplexing technology is Fig. 1.
A kind of EPON based on the monitoring of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere, comprise: central office 1 and a plurality of user ONU9.1, ONU9.2, ONU9.n, central office 1 and each user ONU9.1, ONU9.2, connect by power splitter between the ONU9.n, it is characterized in that, on the trunk optical fiber between central office 1 and the power splitter, be provided with fist-order wave division multiplexer 11, be connected with supervisory control system 14 at fist-order wave division multiplexer 11, at power splitter and each user ONU9.1, ONU9.2, be respectively equipped with the first secondary wave division multiplexer 11.1 on the branch road optical fiber between the ONU9.n, the second secondary wave division multiplexer 11.2, and n secondary wave division multiplexer 11.n, at the first secondary wave division multiplexer 11.1, the second secondary wave division multiplexer 11.2, and be connected with first optical encoder 10.1 respectively on the n secondary wave division multiplexer 11.n, second optical encoder 10.2, and n optical encoder 10.n, described first optical encoder 10.1, second optical encoder 10.2, and n optical encoder 10.n has variant and mutually orthogonal two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, n is a positive integer, total number of users in the expression network, the number of users n of present embodiment is 32.
Described supervisory control system 14 comprises: optical time domain reflectometer 2, wideband light source 3, light decoder 4, have the A port, the optical coupler 5 of B port and C port, fiber grating 6 and have a port, b port and c ports light rings 7, the output of wideband light source 3 is connected with the A port of optical coupler 5 by optical isolator 8, the output of optical time domain reflectometer 2 is connected with the B port of optical coupler 5, the C port of optical coupler 5 is connected with a port of optical circulator 7, the b port of optical circulator 7 is connected with the input of light decoder 4 by fiber grating 6, and the c port of optical circulator 7 is connected with fist-order wave division multiplexer 11 on the trunk optical fiber.
On the trunk optical fiber of EPON, insert a supervisory control system, simultaneously, for each user ONU9.1, ONU9.2 ..., ONU9.n dispose respectively separately optical encoder 10.1,10.2 ..., 10.n, described each optical encoder 10.1,10.2 ..., 10.n has different and mutually orthogonal two-dimensional optical orthogonal code separately.
Each user is sent and entered to sensed light signal after beam split by supervisory control system, at user side, each optical encoder 10.1 to 10.n is according to two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, respectively to each user ONU9.1, the ONU9.2 corresponding with each optical encoder 10.1 to 10.n ..., sensed light signal that ONU9.n received carries out the independent light coding, and the light code signal returned supervisory control system.
In supervisory control system, to the computing of decoding of each user's light code signal, obtain each user's decoded signal respectively, if there is not the auto-correlation peak in user's the decoded signal, then outage appears in the pairing branch road of decoded signal; If all there is not the auto-correlation peak in all users' the decoded signal, then outage appears in trunk optical fiber; If all there is the auto-correlation peak in all users' the decoded signal, and professional the appearance interrupts, and then optical fiber link is normal, and ustomer premises access equipment breaks down.
In supervisory control system 14, the broadband optical signal λ that wideband light source 3 sends
BThrough the narrowband optical signal λ that sends with optical time domain reflectometer 2 behind the optical isolator 8
oBy the sensed light signal of optical coupler 5 composition supervisory control systems, and light signal λ
oFrequency be positioned at broadband optical signal λ
BThe center of frequency spectrum, sensed light signal is sent from supervisory control system through optical circulator 7 backs.After each user's light code signal is got back in the supervisory control system 14, enter fiber grating 6 by optical circulator 7, fiber grating 6 is with narrowband optical signal λ
oReflection also enters optical coupler 5 by optical circulator 7, is divided into two paths of signals through behind the optical coupler 5, and one road signal enters optical time domain reflectometer 2 and carries out fault location, is eliminated after another road signal enters optical isolator 8.Simultaneously each user's light code signal is through the transmission signal behind the fiber grating 6, enters light decoder 4 computing of decoding.
Fig. 2 is the light source light spectrogram of supervisory control system.The light source of supervisory control system is made up of two parts, and wide spectrum pulse 3 and common OTDR detect the wavelength (λ of 2, two light sources of light pulse
BWith λ
o) overlapping.Sensed light signal is also transmitted in fiber channel with the coupling of data light signal by wavelength division multiplexer.As can be seen from Figure 2, the light source of supervisory control system is assigned as: λ
oThe optical wavelength section is applied to reflected optical power and detects; Remove λ
oDetection optical wavelength section in addition is applied to the monitoring of light coding.In light coding wavelength period, adopt incoherent two-dimentional time-frequency Optical Code Division Multiplexing scheme.Adopt the fiber grating optical encoder at the ONU end, incoherent light pulses is encoded in time domain and frequency domain simultaneously, different grating pairs is being answered different foveal reflex wavelength, finishes the selection on the frequency domain; The difference of fiber delay line between the grating is finished the coding on the time domain.It is big that the two dimension non-coherent approaches has an available codeword capacity, and the multiple access between code word disturbs low, realize simple, low cost and other advantages.Because supervisory control system is low to the rate requirement that detects light pulse, the error probability of separating code optical signal reduces, and has improved monitor system performance.
Fig. 3 is that the detection signal trajectory diagram of traditional OTDR and supervisory control system of the present invention (OC-OTDR) compares.As can be seen from the figure, because the superimposed characteristics of two spectrum.It is wide that this supervisory control system has improved the light belt of reflected optical power test section, the phase place that can reduce between the back scattering light wave is relevant, can reduce relevant rayleigh noise thus, improve the signal to noise ratio that OTDR receives detection signal, thus obtain one more level and smooth back to the Rayleigh scattering track.
The case explanation:
In the wavelength label method, a wavelength reflection device is installed in each ONU end front, by different wave length different ONU is identified.Clearly, the branch of a network limited amount of the method monitoring is formed on available monitor optical number of wavelengths.Fig. 4 demonstrates the available codeword quantity of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code.As can be seen from Figure 4, be 40 when adopting code length L, code weight w is 6, number of wavelengths M is 16 two-dimensional optical orthogonal code (M * L, w, λ
a, λ
c) time, can obtain 350 available light code words.These in the FBG method 16 can monitor branch road quantity, and can satisfy the photosphere monitoring of the EPON of large-capacity user number.
Claims (4)
1. EPON based on two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere monitoring, comprise: central office (1) and a plurality of user (ONU9.1, ONU9.2, ONU9.n), central office (1) and each user (ONU9.1, ONU9.2, ONU9.n) connect by power splitter between, it is characterized in that, on the trunk optical fiber between central office (1) and the power splitter, be provided with fist-order wave division multiplexer (11), be connected with supervisory control system (14) at fist-order wave division multiplexer (11), at power splitter and each user (ONU9.1, ONU9.2, ONU9.n) be respectively equipped with the first secondary wave division multiplexer (11.1) on the branch road optical fiber between, the second secondary wave division multiplexer (11.2), and n secondary wave division multiplexer (11.n), at the first secondary wave division multiplexer (11.1), the second secondary wave division multiplexer (11.2), and be connected with first optical encoder (10.1) respectively on the n secondary wave division multiplexer (11.n), second optical encoder (10.2), and n optical encoder (10.n), described first optical encoder (10.1), second optical encoder (10.2), and n optical encoder (10.n) has variant and mutually orthogonal two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, n is a positive integer, total number of users in the expression network, the number of users n of present embodiment is 32.
2. the EPON based on the monitoring of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, supervisory control system (14) comprising: optical time domain reflectometer (2), wideband light source (3), light decoder (4), have the A port, the optical coupler of B port and C port (5), fiber grating (6) and have a port, b port and c ports light rings (7), the output of wideband light source (3) is connected with the A port of optical coupler (5) by optical isolator (8), the output of optical time domain reflectometer (2) is connected with the B port of optical coupler (5), the C port of optical coupler (5) is connected with a port of optical circulator (7), the b port of optical circulator (7) is connected with the input of light decoder (4) by fiber grating (6), and the c port of optical circulator (7) is connected with fist-order wave division multiplexer (11) on the trunk optical fiber.
3. photosphere method for supervising that is used for the described EPON based on two-dimensional optical orthogonal code photosphere monitoring of claim 1 is characterized in that:
On the trunk optical fiber of EPON, insert a supervisory control system, simultaneously, for each user (ONU9.1, ONU9.2 ..., ONU9.n) respectively the configuration separately optical encoder (10.1,10.2 ..., 10.n), described each optical encoder (10.1,10.2 ..., 10.n) have different separately and mutually orthogonal two-dimensional optical orthogonal code;
Each user is sent and entered to sensed light signal after beam split by supervisory control system, at user side, each optical encoder (10.1 to 10.n) is according to two-dimensional optical orthogonal code, respectively to each user corresponding with each optical encoder (10.1 to 10.n) (ONU9.1, ONU9.2 ..., ONU9.n) sensed light signal received carries out the independent light coding, and the light code signal returned supervisory control system;
In supervisory control system, to the computing of decoding of each user's light code signal, obtain each user's decoded signal respectively, if there is not the auto-correlation peak in user's the decoded signal, then outage appears in the pairing branch road of decoded signal; If all there is not the auto-correlation peak in all users' the decoded signal, then outage appears in trunk optical fiber; If all there is the auto-correlation peak in all users' the decoded signal, and professional the appearance interrupts, and then optical fiber link is normal, and ustomer premises access equipment breaks down.
4. photosphere method for supervising according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in supervisory control system (14), and the broadband optical signal λ that wideband light source (3) sends
BThrough the narrowband optical signal λ that sends with optical time domain reflectometer (2) behind the optical isolator (8)
oBy the sensed light signal of optical coupler (5) composition supervisory control system, and light signal λ
oFrequency be positioned at broadband optical signal λ
BThe center of frequency spectrum, sensed light signal is sent from supervisory control system through optical circulator (7) back;
After each user's light code signal is got back in the supervisory control system (14), enter fiber grating (6) by optical circulator (7), fiber grating (6) is with narrowband optical signal λ
oReflection also enters optical coupler (5) by optical circulator (7), is divided into two paths of signals after passing through optical coupler (5), and one road signal enters optical time domain reflectometer (2) and carries out fault location, and another road signal is eliminated after entering optical isolator (8);
The transmission signal of each user's light code signal after through fiber grating (6) simultaneously enters light decoder (4) computing of decoding.
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