CN102222558A - Optical current mutual inductor and optoelectronic information processor thereof - Google Patents
Optical current mutual inductor and optoelectronic information processor thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及光学电流互感器的改进，在被测电流通过的环形导体(1)内腔固定基本光路，按光通过顺序为输入自聚焦透镜(6)、起偏器(7)、传感头(2)、检偏器(9)和输出自聚焦透镜(10)，光纤(8)(11)经绝缘支撑到低压侧，接光电信息处理器，光电信息处理器包括光源(29)、可控电流源(40)、光电转换器(27)、交直流分离器(41)，交直流分离器输出的交流信号为电流互感器的输出信号，直流信号输入到反馈处理器(42)，反馈处理器接可控电流源的输入端，根据反馈信息控制光源的光强，克服温度等因素的影响，提高光学电流互感器的测量精度。该光电信息处理器可以用于各种传感形式的光学电流互感器中，提高其测量精度。
The invention relates to the improvement of the optical current transformer. The basic optical path is fixed in the inner cavity of the ring conductor (1) through which the measured current passes, and the input self-focusing lens (6), polarizer (7), and sensor head are input according to the order of light passing. (2), analyzer (9) and output self-focusing lens (10), optical fiber (8) (11) is supported to low-voltage side through insulation, connects photoelectric information processor, and photoelectric information processor includes light source (29), can control current source (40), photoelectric converter (27), AC-DC separator (41), the AC signal output by the AC-DC separator is the output signal of the current transformer, and the DC signal is input to the feedback processor (42), and the feedback The processor is connected to the input terminal of the controllable current source, controls the light intensity of the light source according to the feedback information, overcomes the influence of factors such as temperature, and improves the measurement accuracy of the optical current transformer. The photoelectric information processor can be used in various sensing forms of optical current transformers to improve the measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of the optical current mutual inductor of current measurement of electric power system high-tension line and control application, particularly relating to the magneto-optic memory technique is the improvement of the optical current mutual inductor of main sensors part.
Background technology
Current transformer is the visual plant of electric power system metering and protection control, and electromagnetic current transducer is through long-run development, its precision of measuring steady-state current can reach ten thousand/and several, in addition higher; Serious magnetic saturation phenomenon appears in electromagnetic current transducer under the short trouble situation, causes the secondary output current waveform distortion, can not describe the transient process of short circuit current, and this is the one of the main reasons of protective relaying maloperation and tripping.From now on, the supervision of electric power system and control will be moved towards full-time process, move towards the overall situation from the part.The malfunction of relaying protection and tripping meeting are to the accident of bringing on a disaster property of electric power system; therefore; people are making up the power system security defense system; traditional electromagnetic current transducer can not reflect the electrical network dynamic process; press for novel current transformer; come into one's own particularly block optical current mutual inductor in the optical current mutual inductor that is based on Faraday magnetooptical effect.On May 16th, 2007, Chinese Patent Office disclosed the patent of invention specification that application number is 200510117694.8 and is called " optical current mutual inductor and measure the method for electric current ".Its technical scheme is: sensing head is a vertical bar shape magneto-optic memory technique, and the input optical fibre that is arranged along a straight line, input GRIN Lens, the polarizer, optical sensing head, analyzer, parallel output GRIN Lens and optical fiber and vertical output GRIN Lens and optical fiber constitute basic light path.Tested electric current is set up parallel magnetic field by ring shaped conductor in its chamber, have a basic light path in magnetic field at least, and its sensing head is parallel with the magnetic line of force.Each sensing head is isometric and equidistant to the ring shaped conductor axis during a plurality of light path, and the output optical fibre of every light path connects two optical-electrical converters of low-pressure side respectively, exports parallel voltage signal and vertical voltage signal, thereby calculates tested electric current.Polarised light in this invention sensing head is straight-through, overcomes the light path defective of the optical current mutual inductor of " light around " formula, can be because of reflecting surface sex change unstability.Operation steady in a long-term of this instrument transformer energy and certainty of measurement are higher; But should invention also have weak point, show: basic light path also has the vertical polarization light path, in case vertical GRIN Lens and main shaft have out of plumb slightly, difference takes place with parallel GRIN Lens in perhaps vertical GRIN Lens on performance, and the precision of then exporting the result will be affected.Though can carry out the temperature correction when a plurality of light path is arranged, the effect of its temperature correction is very little, measured value is produced than mistake.Basic light path is subjected to environmental pollution easily in technology and running, also can have influence on certainty of measurement.In sum, this optical current mutual inductor certainty of measurement is not high enough.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of optical current mutual inductor, further improves the certainty of measurement of optical current mutual inductor.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above optical current mutual inductor provided by the invention: comprise conductor, optical sensing head, the polarizer, analyzer, optical lens that insulation is supported, supplied tested electric current to pass through; The conductor that the tested electric current of said confession passes through is the ring shaped conductor in the magnetic field of the parallel flux lines of chamber formation within it after electric current passes through; Said optical sensing head is the magneto-optic memory technique of vertical bar shape, and its length is much smaller than the length of ring-shaped conductor axis direction, and two end faces of sensing head are the plane perpendicular to length direction; Optical sensing head is fixed on insulating bodies in the chamber of ring shaped conductor together with the element of the associated basic light path of formation, and optical sensing head is parallel to the axis of ring shaped conductor, and in axial direction is positioned at the middle part in chamber, is in the parallel flux lines zone; The mesopore that input optical fibre and output optical fibre support by insulation arrives low-pressure side;
At the ring shaped conductor inner chamber that passes through for tested electric current at least one basic light path is arranged, optical sensing head and relative optical element are arranged along a straight line, constitute basic light path, these elements are input optical fibre, input GRIN Lens, the polarizer, optical sensing head, analyzer, output GRIN Lens, output optical fibre by being disposed in order of passing through of light; The plane of polarization of the relative polarizer of analyzer is spent to 50 degree around the axis rotation 40 of sensing head, and above-mentioned basic light path is installed and is enclosed in the thermal conductivity good metal shell; Input optical fibre and output optical fibre are drawn metal-back, be provided with the optoelectronic information processor in low-pressure side, the optoelectronic information processor comprises optical-electrical converter, alternating current-direct current separator, feedback processor, controllable current source and light source, information is according to the said sequence transmission, two kinds of signals of telecommunication of alternating current-direct current separator output AC/DC, wherein AC signal is the output signal of optical current mutual inductor; Its direct current signal is input to feedback processor, and the output of feedback processor is connected to the input of controllable current source.
Described alternating current-direct current separator comprises every straight amplifier and photoelectricity subtracter, receive the voltage signal that optical-electrical converter transmits every straight amplifier, through the back is outside exports through amplifying again every directly passing through alternating voltage, be the output of optical current mutual inductor, inwardly output to simultaneously the photoelectricity subtracter, the photoelectricity subtracter also receives the voltage signal that transmits from optical-electrical converter, and the two is carried out subtraction, obtains d. c. voltage signal; Described feedback processor comprises photoamplifier, photoelectricity CPU and reference voltage source, reference voltage source is connected on the photoelectricity CPU, reference voltage source is the in-built electrical potential source of photoelectricity CPU, photoamplifier receives from the d. c. voltage signal of photoelectricity subtracter output, this voltage signal is amplified, and output to photoelectricity CPU, photoelectricity CPU is according to this d. c. voltage signal, carry out analytical calculation, the instruction of output digital signal; Described controllable current source comprises light source, adjustable reference voltage source and digital regulation resistance, the adjustable reference voltage source is to light source power supply, the digital signal instruction that digital regulation resistance receives photoelectricity CPU output is converted into voltage signal, output to the adjustable reference voltage source, the adjustable reference voltage source has changed output voltage according to the voltage signal that digital regulation resistance transmits, and then changed the current strength of importing to light source, also just changed the luminous intensity that light source sends.
The model of the adjustable reference voltage source in the described optoelectronic information processor is MAX8880, the model of light source is HFBR1414, the model of digital regulation resistance is X9110, series capacitance C1 between the 1st pin of the adjustable reference voltage source in the described controllable current source and the 2nd pin, series resistance R1 between the 1st pin of adjustable reference voltage source and the 5th pin, be in series with capacitor C 2 between the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source and the ground wire, series resistance R2 between the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source and the 2nd pin of light source, the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source is connected to the 3rd pin of digital regulation resistance, the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source is connected to the 17th pin of digital regulation resistance, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier U3 links to each other with the 1st pin of digital regulation resistance, the negative input end of operational amplifier U3 links to each other with the 7th pin of digital regulation resistance, the output of operational amplifier U3 links to each other with the 7th pin of digital regulation resistance, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier U4 links to each other with the 19th pin of digital regulation resistance, the negative input end of operational amplifier U4 links to each other with the 11st pin of digital regulation resistance, and the output of operational amplifier U4 links to each other with the 11st pin of digital regulation resistance; The 61st pin of photoelectricity CPU in the described feedback processor links to each other with the 14th pin with the 9th pin of digital regulation resistance respectively with the 62nd pin, reference voltage source is a voltage source built-in among the photoelectricity CPU, operational amplifier U6 and resistance R 3, R4, Rf constitute photoamplifier jointly, and the output of photoamplifier is connected to the 18th pin of photoelectricity CPU; Input endpoint P51 in the described alternating current-direct current separator is connected with the output of optical-electrical converter, operational amplifier U51 and capacitor C 51, resistance R 51, resistance R 52 constitutes every straight amplifier, one end of capacitor C 51 is connected with input endpoint P51, operational amplifier U52 and resistance R 53, resistance R 54, resistance R 55 constitutes the photoelectricity subtracter, the input of photoelectricity subtracter is that the other end of resistance R 53 and resistance R 54 is connected respectively with every the output of straight amplifier and the input endpoint P51 of alternating current-direct current separator, output P52 is connected with the input P5 of feedback processor, and output P53 is the output of optical current mutual inductor.
Described metal-back is cylindric, inner circular hole for connecting, the external diameter of aperture and columniform sensing head, the polarizer, analyzer is complementary, circular hole respectively has one section screw thread near two ends, two sections threaded exterior end respectively have one section taper seat, center hole and taper seat have same center line, also have two conical end caps, its outside is the taper seat that is complementary with metal-back, the middle part of end cap is the bellmouth that same center line is arranged with the outer conical mask, and the profile of the bellmouth and the polarizer, analyzer is complementary;
Sensing head is contained in the middle part of endoporus, the elastic washer of an annular is respectively placed on both sides, the outside of elastic washer is respectively charged into the polarizer and analyzer, both polarization directions rotation 40 are relatively spent to 50 degree, the outside on both sides is fixed said elements with having externally threaded retainer ring respectively, end cap is respectively charged in the taper seat at metal-back two ends, this taper seat is bonding with Instant cement, profile is that conical input GRIN Lens and output GRIN Lens are respectively charged in the taper hole of two end caps, input GRIN Lens and output GRIN Lens are stretched out the thin end of end cap, this conical surface is bonding with Instant cement, the outermost end of taper hole seals with fluid sealant, and outermost end is stretched out input optical fibre and output optical fibre respectively.
Described metal-back is cylindric, inner circular hole for connecting, the external diameter of aperture and columniform sensing head, the polarizer, analyzer is complementary, respectively there is one section screw thread at the circular hole two ends, metal-back two ends section respectively have at least three in same cross section along circumferentially uniform perforation from the metal-back center to extraradial screw, the adjusting hold-down screw that sinks to screw is arranged in the screw, also have two end caps, end cap is the external diameter cylinder slightly littler than the internal diameter of metal-back end, and its center is the circular hole that is complementary with columniform input GRIN Lens and output GRIN Lens external diameter; Sensing head is contained in the middle part of endoporus, the elastic washer of an annular is respectively placed on both sides, the outside of elastic washer is respectively charged into the polarizer and analyzer, both polarization directions rotation 40 are relatively spent to 50 degree, the outside on both sides is fixed said elements with having externally threaded retainer ring respectively, input GRIN Lens and output GRIN Lens are respectively charged in the centre bore of end cap, bonding with Instant cement, end cap is respectively charged in the two ends circular hole of metal-back, be fixed with the adjusting hold-down screw, the outermost end of circular hole seals with fluid sealant, and outermost end is stretched out input optical fibre and output optical fibre.
Above-mentioned optoelectronic information processor can be used as a kind of self-contained unit, except being used for this optical current mutual inductor, can also be used for various types of optical current mutual inductors, in order to improve certainty of measurement.
Beneficial effect compared with prior art of the present invention is as follows:
1, adopts the optoelectronic information processor in low-pressure side, not only replaced the effect of vertical optical path, and owing to adopt the close loop negative feedback structure, eliminated the variation of the optical current mutual inductor certainty of measurement that temperature, stress etc. cause, the shortcoming that the close loop negative feedback structure has overcome each component error accumulative total of prior art open loop structure has further improved certainty of measurement.
2, owing in basic light path, cancelled vertical optical path, overcome the problem that influences certainty of measurement that causes owing to the vertical optical path existence in the prior art, thereby improved certainty of measurement.
3, basic light path seals with metal-back, can prevent to pollute in technical process and in the running, has also improved the precision of optical current mutual inductor.
4, the interface optical cement of no use that light passes through in the basic light path carries out bonding, all the position relative fixed between each element, contactless between the element, prevent that each element is in contact with one another friction and causes abrading the plane of incidence, thereby improve the operation stability and the certainty of measurement of optical current mutual inductor.
5, because the centre bore of metal-back end and end cap, GRIN Lens and end cap has adopted conical structure, make that basic light path is easy to realize aiming at, need not special-purpose optical table just can realize the assembling of basic light path, be convenient to production.
6, owing to cancelled vertical optical path in basic light path, metal-back can directly insert in the through hole at cylindrical insulating bodies center, has simplified production technology.
Picture specification
The structural representation of Fig. 1 optical current mutual inductor,
The structural representation of Fig. 2 optoelectronic information processor,
The circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 3 controllable current source,
The circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 4 feedback processor,
The circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 5 alternating current-direct current separator,
The structural representation of Fig. 6 metal-back 1,
The structural representation of Fig. 7 metal-back 2,
The optical current mutual inductor transducing part structural representation of Fig. 8 solenoid type single light path,
The field erected solenoid type optical current mutual inductor of Fig. 9 structural representation,
The optical current mutual inductor transducing part B-B cutaway view of two light paths of Figure 10 Ω bus-type,
The optical current mutual inductor transducing part A-A cutaway view of two light paths of Figure 11 Ω bus-type,
The field erected Ω bus-type of Figure 12 optical current mutual inductor structural representation.
The 1-1 solenoid, 1-2 ring busbars, 2 sensing heads, 3 insulating bodies, 4 through holes, 5 cannelures, 6 input GRIN Lens, 7 polarizers, 8 input optical fibres, 9 analyzers, 10 output GRIN Lens, 11 output optical fibres, 12 metal-backs, 13 end slots, 14 epoxy resin tubes, 15 plane face flanges, 16 grooves, 17 epoxy resin rods, 18 conflux disks, 19 housings, 20 glands, 21 insulators, 22 base member case, 23 optoelectronic information processors, 24 clamp band, 25 insulating cases, 26 conducting rods, 27 optical-electrical converters, 29 light sources, 30 cylinders, 31 flat boards, 32 regulate hold-down screw, 33 collets, 34 clamping plate, 35 pressing plates, 36 supporting brackets, 37 insulation cushions, 38 clamshells, 39 insulating trips, 40 controllable current sources, 41 alternating current-direct current separators, 42 feedback processors, 43 photoamplifiers, 44 photoelectricity CPU, 45 reference voltage sources, 46 every straight amplifier, 47 photoelectricity subtracters, 48 adjustable reference voltage sources, 49 digital regulation resistances, 50 elastic washers, 51 retainer rings, 52 end caps.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the optoelectronic information processor of optical current mutual inductor, see Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5.
Described alternating current-direct current separator 41 comprises every straight amplifier 46 and photoelectricity subtracter 47, receive the voltage signal that optical-electrical converter 27 transmits every straight amplifier 46, through the back is outside exports through amplifying again every directly passing through alternating voltage, be the output of optical current mutual inductor, inwardly output to simultaneously photoelectricity subtracter 47, photoelectricity subtracter 47 also receives the voltage signal that transmits from optical-electrical converter 27, and the two is carried out subtraction, obtains d. c. voltage signal; Described feedback processor 42 comprises photoamplifier 43, photoelectricity CPU44 and reference voltage source 45, reference voltage source 45 is connected on the photoelectricity CPU44, reference voltage source 45 is in-built electrical potential sources of photoelectricity CPU44, be used for when photoelectricity CPU carries out analog/digital conversion, providing reference voltage signal, photoamplifier 43 receives from the d. c. voltage signal of photoelectricity subtracter 47 outputs, this voltage signal is amplified, and output to photoelectricity CPU44, photoelectricity CPU44 is according to this d. c. voltage signal, carry out analytical calculation, obtain the variation of linear birefrigence δ, calculate again that optical current mutual inductor varies with temperature and the proportionality coefficient that changes, calculate digital regulated instruction then, export digital regulated instruction; Described controllable current source 40 comprises light source 29, adjustable reference voltage source 48 and digital regulation resistance 49, adjustable reference voltage source 48 is to light source 29 power supplies, the digital regulated instruction that digital regulation resistance 49 receives photoelectricity CPU44 output is converted into voltage signal, output to adjustable reference voltage source 48, adjustable reference voltage source 48 has changed output voltage according to the voltage signal that digital regulation resistance 49 transmits, and then changed the current strength of importing to light source 29, also just changed the luminous intensity that light source 29 sends.
The model of the adjustable reference voltage source 48 in the described optoelectronic information processor 23 is MAX8880, the model of light source 29 is HFBR1414, the model of digital regulation resistance 49 is X9110, series capacitance C1 between the 1st pin of the adjustable reference voltage source 48 in the described controllable current source 40 and the 2nd pin, series resistance R1 between the 1st pin of adjustable reference voltage source 48 and the 5th pin, be in series with capacitor C 2 between the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source 48 and the ground wire, series resistance R2 between the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source 48 and the 2nd pin of light source 29, the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source 48 is connected to the 3rd pin of digital regulation resistance 49, the 3rd pin of adjustable reference voltage source 48 is connected to the 17th pin of digital regulation resistance 49, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier U3 links to each other with the 1st pin of digital regulation resistance 49, the negative input end of operational amplifier U3 links to each other with the 7th pin of digital regulation resistance 49, the output of operational amplifier U3 links to each other with the 7th pin of digital regulation resistance 49, the positive input terminal of operational amplifier U4 links to each other with the 19th pin of digital regulation resistance 49, the negative input end of operational amplifier U4 links to each other with the 11st pin of digital regulation resistance 49, and the output of operational amplifier U4 links to each other with the 11st pin of digital regulation resistance 49; The 61st pin of stating the photoelectricity CPU44 in the feedback processor 42 links to each other with the 14th pin with the 9th pin of digital regulation resistance 49 respectively with the 62nd pin, reference voltage source 45 is voltage sources built-in among the photoelectricity CPU44, be used for when photoelectricity CPU carries out analog/digital conversion, providing reference voltage signal, operational amplifier U6 and resistance R 3, R4, Rf constitute photoamplifier 43 jointly, and the output of photoamplifier 43 is connected to the 18th pin of photoelectricity CPU44; Input endpoint P51 in the described alternating current-direct current separator 41 is connected with the output of optical-electrical converter, operational amplifier U51 and capacitor C 51, resistance R 51, resistance R 52 constitutes every straight amplifier 46, one end of capacitor C 51 is connected with input endpoint P51, operational amplifier U52 and resistance R 53, resistance R 54, resistance R 55 constitutes photoelectricity subtracter 47, the input of photoelectricity subtracter 47 is that the other end of resistance R 53 and resistance R 54 is connected respectively with every the output of straight amplifier 46 and the input endpoint P51 of alternating current-direct current separator 41, output P52 is connected with the input P5 of feedback processor 42, and output P53 is the output of optical current mutual inductor.
The circuit of above-mentioned alternating current-direct current separator 41, feedback processor 42, controllable current source 41 is made a wiring board, annexation is between the three: the end points P52 among Fig. 5 is connected with the end points P5 of Fig. 4, end points P3 among Fig. 4 is connected with end points P1 among Fig. 3, and the end points P4 among Fig. 4 is connected with end points P2 among Fig. 3.
Wiring board is contained in the cabinet, two power-line terminals are arranged on the cabinet, power supply in power-line terminal and the cabinet is connected (not shown in the accompanying drawing), and power supply output is for the direct current of alternating current-direct current separator 41, feedback processor 42, controllable current source 41 uses.Also have two optical fiber flanges on the cabinet, be connected with light source 29 and optical-electrical converter 27 respectively, the input optical fibre 8 and the output optical fibre 11 of the external optical current mutual inductor of difference during work.Also have an output wiring terminal on the cabinet, be connected with exit point P53 every straight amplifier 46.Can connect instrument or protective device during work, be output as ac voltage signal UAC.
Embodiment two: have the optical current mutual inductor of solenoid type, see Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8.
Fig. 1 is the optical current mutual inductor schematic diagram of solenoid type single light path, an optical sensing head 2, i.e. vertical bar shape magneto-optic memory technique, the one end connects the polarizer 7, input GRIN Lens 6 and input optical fibre 8 successively, its other end connects analyzer 9, output GRIN Lens 10 and output optical fibre 11 successively, and above-mentioned each device is arranged along a straight line.The center line of each element that is arranged along a straight line is on same straight line, above-mentioned each part is input optical fibre 8, input GRIN Lens 6, optical sensing head 2, analyzer 9, output GRIN Lens 10 and output optical fibre 11 along the connection order of light, for sake of convenience with the basic light path of its called after.
Basic light path is installed and is closed and is enclosed in the metal-back 12, see Fig. 6, metal-back 12 is cylindric, inner circular hole for connecting, aperture and columniform sensing head 2, the polarizer 7, the external diameter of analyzer 9 is complementary, circular hole respectively has one section screw thread (not drawing among the figure) near two ends, two sections threaded exterior end respectively have one section taper seat, center hole and taper seat have same center line, also have two conical end caps 52, its outside is the taper seat that is complementary with metal-back 12, and the middle part of end cap 52 is bellmouths that same center line is arranged with the outer conical mask, the bellmouth and the polarizer 7, the profile of analyzer 9 is complementary; Sensing head 2 is contained in the middle part of endoporus, the elastic washer 50 of an annular is respectively placed on both sides, the outside of elastic washer 50 is respectively charged into the polarizer 7 and analyzer 9, both polarization directions rotation 40 are relatively spent to 50 degree, the outside on both sides is fixed said elements with having externally threaded retainer ring 51 respectively, end cap 52 is respectively charged in the taper seat at metal-back 12 two ends, this taper seat is bonding with Instant cement, profile is that conical input GRIN Lens 6 and output GRIN Lens 10 are respectively charged in the taper hole of two end caps 52, input GRIN Lens 6 and output GRIN Lens 10 are stretched out the thin end of end cap 52, this conical surface is bonding with Instant cement, the outermost end of metal-back taper hole seals with fluid sealant, and outermost end is stretched out input optical fibre 8 and output optical fibre 11 respectively.The circular hole of elastic washer 50 and retainer ring 51 is enough big, guarantees that light path is unimpeded.The coning angle of above-mentioned two kinds of taper seats all is smaller.
The taper seat that above-mentioned metal-back 12 is connected with end cap 52 can be bonding, but with being threaded, be the sealing taper pipe thread with 60 degree specifically.
Metal-back 12 can also adopt another kind of mode: metal-back 12 is for cylindric, inner circular hole for connecting, aperture and columniform sensing head 2, the polarizer 7, the external diameter of analyzer 9 is complementary, respectively there is one section screw thread at the circular hole two ends, metal-back 12 two ends sections respectively have at least three in same cross section along circumferentially uniform perforation from the metal-back center to extraradial screw, the hold-down screw 32 of adjusting is arranged in the screw, hold-down screw sinks in the screw, also have two end caps 52, end cap is the internal diameter slightly little cylinder of external diameter than metal-back 12 ends, and its center is the circular hole that is complementary with columniform input GRIN Lens 6 and output GRIN Lens 10 external diameters; Sensing head 2 is contained in the middle part of endoporus, the elastic washer 50 of an annular is respectively placed on both sides, the outside of elastic washer 50 is respectively charged into the polarizer 7 and analyzer 9, both polarization directions rotation 40 are relatively spent to 50 degree, the outside on both sides is fixed said elements with having externally threaded retainer ring 51 respectively, input GRIN Lens 6 and output GRIN Lens 10 are respectively charged in the centre bore of end cap 52, bonding with Instant cement, end cap 52 is respectively charged in the two ends circular hole of metal-back 12, be fixed with regulating hold-down screw 32, the outermost end of circular hole seals with fluid sealant, outermost end is stretched out input optical fibre 8 and output optical fibre 11, when end cap 52 more in short-term, can adopt three adjusting hold-down screws.Regulate hold-down screw 32 and can adopt standard component, fluting flush end holding screw, fluting awl end holding screw or interior hexagonal flush end holding screw.
The metal-back 12 of above-mentioned two kinds of structures can also be the cylinder that an end opening other end has the end, and openend still keeps end cap 52, and the central part bottom the cylinder of the other end separates conical bore or circular hole, is respectively charged into conical or columniform GRIN Lens.When assembling, element is packed in turn from openend, fixing with retainer ring 51, refill and join end cap 52.
Metal-back 12 can also be a square casing, and a loam cake is arranged above, and respectively there is an end cap at two ends, and housing is a grooved, and bottom is the V-shaped groove of the perforation of 90 degree in it, near an end a vertical square groove is arranged, and the width of square groove and square analyzer are complementary.There is a centre bore at the end cap middle part, and the external diameter of this hole and columniform input GRIN Lens and output GRIN Lens is complementary, and loam cake and end cap can be screwed on housing.During assembling, analyzer is positioned in the vertical square groove, sensing head is placed near in the V-shaped groove of analyzer, the square polarizer is placed near the other end in the V-shaped groove of sensing head, the bottom of above-mentioned each element sticks with glue and is connected in V-shaped groove and the square groove.Input GRIN Lens and output GRIN Lens are placed in the centre bore of end cap, and the side sticks with glue in the centre bore that is connected on end cap.End cap is screwed end in housing, makes input GRIN Lens and export GRIN Lens and aim at by the fine setting end cap and the relative position of housing, each element top adds an elastic cushion, and loam cake is fixed on the housing.
The material of above-described metal-back (comprising end cap and loam cake) is copper and alloy or aluminium and aluminium alloy thereof.
The end face of optical sensing head is the plane vertical with length direction, and the polarizer, analyzer, GRIN Lens interconnect mutually, and what touch all is the plane, is arranged along a straight line, and then light all is normal incidence at interface, and the light intensity of passing through is big.The optical sensing head cross section of magneto-optic memory technique is square or circle or rectangle or rhombus or ellipse or regular polygon.Magneto-optic memory technique can comprise garnet crystal and spinel crystal with magneto-optical crystal, also can adopt magneto-optic glass, and every class can adopt various concrete models again, and magneto-optic glass can be used ZF series; Garnet crystal can be used yttrium iron garnet monocrystalline series; Spinel crystal can be used CdCr
2S
4, CoCr
2S
4Deng.This example is selected the ZF-7 magneto-optic glass for use.
The solenoid 1-1 that tested electric current passes through for example can be by the bus coiled of rectangle or circle or square or polygon section, and its material can be copper, aluminium or steel, its pitch is as far as possible little, be that solenoidal bus arrangement is close as far as possible, can be one deck, also can be two-layer or Multi-layer Parallel.This example adopts circular copper cash around one deck.Solenoidal two ends polish, and respectively are welded in a plane face flange 15 made of copper, and the internal diameter of plane face flange 15 equals solenoidal external diameter.Comprise that with 3 of columniform insulating bodies the basic light path of optical sensing head 2 is fixed in the solenoid 1-1, the material of insulating bodies can be epoxy resin, unsaturated-resin, rubber or nylon, this example adopts nylon, the cylinder of insulating bodies 3 for matching with the ring shaped conductor inner chamber, identical with the sensing head quantity through hole 4 that parallels to the axis and equate to axial line distance is arranged in it, in cylindrical insulating bodies side a cannelure 5 is arranged, cylindrical insulating bodies end face from each through hole 4 to cannelure 5 beginning grooves 13 respectively, in adorn basic light path metal-back be respectively charged in the through hole 4, optical fiber is guided cannelure 5 into from end slot 13, and outwards draws from an end; Utilize the elasticity of nylon, can well be assembled in the solenoid, and keep optical sensing head particularly the strip magneto-optic memory technique be parallel to solenoidal axis.The length of strip optical sensing head is positioned at the solenoid middle part along its length much smaller than solenoidal length, is in fully in the parallel flux lines zone in the solenoid.
For vibrationproof with increase elasticity, can also be at epoxy resin tube 14 of outside cover of the insulating bodies 3 of nylon, the space filled silicon rubber between tube and nylon insulator, the epoxy resin wound packages fits in the solenoid, can be with paper slip jam-pack symmetrically.
The length of cylindrical insulating bodies equals the length of plane face flange 15 outer rims of solenoid welding, and plane face flange is drawn the optical fiber place corresponding to insulating bodies 3 flutings and is provided with flute 16.The conflux disk 18 of the conducting rod 26 of the outside tape splicing projection of the plane face flange flange of nose bar (promptly with), plane face flange and conflux disk respectively have 8 holes, wherein 4 holes are connected plane face flange with bolt with conflux disk, other 4 holes are used for reinforcing, promptly the epoxy resin rod 17 that length is equaled two plane face flange inner surface distances is contained between two plane face flanges 15, the both ends of the surface of rod have screw, with screw rod are connected with flange.
The optical current mutual inductor that the hard bus-type of embodiment three: Ω has two basic light paths is seen Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12.
The conductor that passes through for tested electric current is the bus 1-2 of the wide and flat hard bus Ω shape of making, its curved portion is the cylinder that opening is arranged, the cylinder internal fixation of Ω shape bus insulating bodies 3, and the shape of this insulating bodies is that the outside is cylinder 30, and cylinder 30 internal fixation are by the flat board 31 of bus.The external diameter of cylinder 30 equates with the internal diameter of the cylinder of Ω shape bus 1-2, arranges two basic light paths symmetrically in a side (also can arrange respectively in both sides) of dull and stereotyped 31.Every basic light path is input optical fibre 8, input GRIN Lens 6, the polarizer 7, optical sensing head 2, analyzer 9, output GRIN Lens 10, the output optical fibre 11 that is arranged along a straight line successively, basic light path is installed and is sealed in the metal-back 12, specifically, no longer repeat with execution mode two.Be with 24 metal-backs 12 to be fixed on dull and stereotyped 31 with clamping during installation.To guarantee that when installing and fixing the optical sensing head of vertical bar shape is parallel to the axis of cylinder 30, and the center line of two optical sensing heads equates to the distance of axis, just make two optical sensing heads be parallel to the axis of Ω shape bus and equate to the distance of this axis, thereby guarantee that two optical sensing heads are parallel with the magnetic line of force, and the magnetic field intensity at two places equates.The material of two optical sensing heads all is the ZF-7 magneto-optic glass.
In the flat segments of the opening part of Ω shape bus 1-2, in collets 33 are arranged, respectively there are clamping plate 34 in the outside, the clamping plate two ends compress with bolt, and insulating bodies 3 is fixed and clamped to the opening of Ω shape bus.The pressing plate 35 of an insulating material is respectively arranged at the two ends of Ω shape bus 1-2, and the one side of pressing plate has groove or the boss that matches with Ω shape, the relative two ends that are inlaid in Ω shape bus.Two pressing plates have corresponding hole with bolt two pressing plates to be clamped.The length of insulating bodies 3 and Ω shape bus axial length difference have the degree of depth or the height of 2 times of grooves or boss, and pressing plate is the fixedly shape of Ω shape bus but also axial restraint insulating bodies 3 not only.There is square hole at two the corresponding clamping plate of pressing plate places, stretch out outside the pressing plate for two clamping plate ends and bolt.
The above-mentioned Ω shape bus that installs is contained in the clamshell 38 together with basic light path, is supporting bracket 36 below the clamshell 38, and both use bolt.Supporting bracket 36 is a square plate, the following middle part section of the having pipe of plate, the bottom of pipe is flange (not drawing among the figure), two flat sections of Ω shape bus be placed on supporting bracket above, in corresponding position two insulation cushions 37 are arranged, the flat segments of Ω shape bus is placed on two insulation cushions, buckle clamshell 38 above, the opening of case cover has flange, be fixed by bolts on the supporting bracket, the flat segments of Ω shape bus one side has insulating trip 39 above insulation cushion 37 places, makes the insulation of this side Ω shape bus and housing, opposite side flat segments top does not add insulating trip, makes clamshell and the conductor equipotential that flows through tested electric current.The flat segments of Ω shape bus is outside both sides reach housing.The input optical fibre, the output optical fibre collection that are fixed on each light path in the insulating bodies 3 are fiber bundle, draw from the hole of a pressing plate 35, and the pipe below supporting bracket 36 reaches below the housing.
During application, dress base member case 22 on framework has the insulator 21 that connects fiber bundle on the base member case in fixing with flange, use the flange stationary housing on insulator, and the flat segments polyphone of housing inner outlet Ω shape bus 12 is connected on tested high-tension line.The flange at insulator two ends is before connection, the optical fiber of upper end is connected with the optical fiber flange respectively with the optical fiber that lower housing portion is stretched out respectively, the optical fiber of insulator lower end then connects with the corresponding respectively optoelectronic information processor 23 that connects in the base member case of optical fiber flange, the concrete structure of optoelectronic information processor 23 no longer repeats with embodiment one.
Said when electric current by after within it the chamber ring shaped conductor that forms the magnetic field of parallel flux lines can also be the Ω shape bus of the flexibility of multi-layer thin sheet bus coiled, no matter rigidity still is flexible bus winding shape, can also be U-shaped, the zigzag of side, the zigzag of triangle, polygonal broken line shape.
An operation in when work two light paths, another is as standby; Also can two use simultaneously, the output results averaged, thus improve the certainty of measurement of optical current mutual inductor.
The shape that the metal-back of basic light path and outside thereof is fixed on the insulating bodies 3 of ring shaped conductor inner chamber can also be following several: 1, the outside of insulating bodies 3 is cylinders, and inside is criss-cross plate;
2, the main body of insulating bodies 3 is dull and stereotyped, and dull and stereotyped two ends are the cylinder of short section;
3, the main body of insulating bodies 3 is dull and stereotyped, and the both sides of plate are elongated arcs, and its cross section is I-shaped;
4, the middle part of insulating bodies is dull and stereotyped, and respectively there is a plectane vertical with flat board at two ends;
5, insulation board is three plates that the Y shape is arranged;
6, insulating bodies is cast in the ring shaped conductor chamber and forms;
Metal-back 12 usefulness clamp band and are fixed on the flat board; The external diameter of the cylinder in the above-mentioned various forms, cylinder, arc, circular slab all matches with the intracavity diameter of ring shaped conductor; The material of insulating bodies is any among epoxy resin, unsaturated-resin, rubber, the nylon.
Below the basic principle of concise and to the point this optical current mutual inductor of narration:
The input light intensity that is input to basic light path is J
i, in the magnetic field that electric current produces
Effect under, by the linear polarization polarization surface deflection behind the magneto-optic glass faraday's anglec of rotation
By the light intensity behind the analyzer is J
Ol:
In the formula, δ---the linear birefrigence of Faraday magneto-optical glass, factors such as temperature, stress are to the linear birefrigence δ of the influence of optical current mutual inductor concentrated reflection at Faraday magneto-optical glass, and δ changes along with the variation of factors such as temperature, stress;
When the output light of basic light path outputs on the optical-electrical converter, the voltage signal U of optical-electrical converter output then
OFor:
Wherein, K is the voltage light intensity response ratio of optical-electrical converter, is a constant; V is the Verdet constant of magneto-optic glass; θ is the pre-drift angle between polarizer light transmission shaft and the system coordinates X-axis, is a constant; J
iBe the input light intensity.
When temperature did not change, linear birefrigence δ was a constant, the voltage signal U of optical-electrical converter output
OComprise d. c. voltage signal U
DCWith ac voltage signal U
AC, ac voltage signal U
ACIn direct ratio with tested alternating current i, proportionality coefficient is a constant.
When variations in temperature, linear birefrigence δ is a variable, the voltage signal U of optical-electrical converter output
OThe d. c. voltage signal U that comprises slow variation
DCWith ac voltage signal U
AC, ac voltage signal U
ACWith the proportional COEFFICIENT K of tested alternating current i
wBe scaling of variables relation, i.e. i=K
wU
AC, and because the proportionality coefficient K that the randomness of variations in temperature makes this variation
wCan't obtain in advance, therefore, during the practical application optical current mutual inductor, ambient temperature changes, if directly according to ac voltage signal U in electric power system
ACExporting tested current value with a fixing proportionality coefficient, is inaccurate obviously, and the certainty of measurement of the optical current mutual inductor of this moment is not high.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of degenerative optical current mutual inductor, his basic theories method is: vary with temperature and the linear birefrigence δ that changes both had been contained in ac voltage signal U
ACIn, also be contained in d. c. voltage signal U
DC, because variations in temperature is very slow, so in a very short time, can be with the voltage signal U of optical-electrical converter output
OBe separated into ac voltage signal U
ACWith d. c. voltage signal U
DC, d. c. voltage signal U
DCContain linear birefrigence δ, by measured d. c. voltage signal U
DCJust can know the variation of linear birefrigence δ, thereby be varied with temperature in real time and the proportionality coefficient K that changes
w, then by regulating the input light intensity J of basic light path
i, make proportionality coefficient K
wWhen variations in temperature, remain unchanged, thereby eliminated the influence of temperature, thereby improved the certainty of measurement of optical current mutual inductor optical current mutual inductor.
Claims (10)
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| CN105629048B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2019-01-15 | 华北电力大学 | The signal processing and monitoring device and its method of optical current mutual inductor |
| CN113625037A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-09 | 华北电力大学 | A cluster type and chain type optical current sensor and method for measuring current |
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