CN102222427A - Device for assisting in teaching music sight-singing - Google Patents
Device for assisting in teaching music sight-singing Download PDFInfo
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- CN102222427A CN102222427A CN2011101647551A CN201110164755A CN102222427A CN 102222427 A CN102222427 A CN 102222427A CN 2011101647551 A CN2011101647551 A CN 2011101647551A CN 201110164755 A CN201110164755 A CN 201110164755A CN 102222427 A CN102222427 A CN 102222427A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a device for assisting in teaching music sight-singing. The device comprises an opern file, an opern component, a loudspeaker, a beat generator, a microphone, a time domain cutting component, a beat generator noise removing component, a basic frequency extracting component, a pitch comparison component, a result display component and a display, wherein the rhythm of the opern file is resolved by using the opern component; the beat generator is used for driving the loudspeaker to generate specified beat sound at a specified moment according to the rhythm; the singing sound of a student passes through the microphone, the time domain cutting component, the beat generator noise removing component, the basic frequency extracting component, the pitch comparison component and the result display component in sequence; an automatic sight-singing teaching judgment result of the singing of the student is displayed on the display; and rhythm and pitch judgment standards are extracted from the opern component by the time domain cutting component and the pitch comparison component respectively. The invention has the advantages that: by adopting the device, the student can train technical parts of sight-singing without the guidance of a teacher, time is saved for the teacher, and cost is saved for the student.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of teaching servicing unit, particularly a kind of servicing unit of music sightsinging teaching.
Background technology
Sightsinging is important link in the music teaching, and curriculum requirements student reads spectrum and promptly sings under the rhythm of music score of Chinese operas regulation, and pitch is in the error range of regulation.In traditional sightsinging teaching, can not differentiate pitch and rhythm because the student trains as yet, this destination of study of sightsinging just will be responsible for listening student's performance by the teacher, and be judged whether meet rhythm the opportunity of singing, and whether pitch meets the requirements.Can not practise when no tutor, this has limited student's self-study, the occasion of exercise and the dirigibility of selection of time.
The sightsinging teaching is divided into technology and artistic part.The art part relates to the understanding of the emotional expression and the music score of Chinese operas, and the technology part only relates to the accuracy of rhythm and pitch.The present invention only relates to the technology part in the sightsinging teaching.
Metronome is a device commonly used in the traditional music teaching, is used for rule to sound and beat time for performance.The loudspeaker 3 of personal computer can send metronomic sound opportunity in regulation.Beat, on physics corresponding to the quantity of note in the unit interval.
Duration musically, is represented with beat, physically, represents that the physical significance of the two is identical with the duration.
Personal computer can be in greater than 50 milliseconds time range, and by stepping gram wind to sampled voice, the scope of sampling is 20 to 20K hertz, is equivalent to human earshot, greater than the scope of voice.
Fundamental frequency is the notion that is used to measure pitch in the physics.The multiple algorithm that can run in the personal computer of open source literature report is arranged, in order to the fundamental frequency in the extract real-time voice signal.The fundamental frequency that obtains can be used in reference to out the pitch of sound, also promptly obtains the roll call in the music score of Chinese operas.Fundamental frequency and pitch have one-to-one relationship, for example, international standard pitch regulation, the fundamental frequency of the A note that central C goes up is 440Hz.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of music sightsinging teaching servicing unit, under no teacher ' s guidance, train the technology part of sightsinging in order to auxiliary student.
Be to realize this purpose, music sightsinging teaching servicing unit provided by the invention comprises music score of Chinese operas file 12, music score of Chinese operas parts 1, loudspeaker 3, beat generator 2, microphone 5, time domain cutting part 6, goes metronome sound components 7, extracts fundamental frequency parts 8, pitch comparison parts 9, display unit 10, display 11 as a result.
Music score of Chinese operas parts 1 drive beat generator 2 at the appointed time by being connected loudspeaker 3 sounding on the beat generator 2 by the rhythm that will be recorded in the music score of Chinese operas file 12.The student sings under the rhythm that the metronome that loudspeaker 3 sends instructs, the sound 4 that its result sings for the student, and by sightsinging teaching requirement, what meet rhythm will be regarded as correct performance, and what do not meet rhythm will be regarded as wrong the performance.
The student sings the sound 4 of the performance of student as a result of this behavior and performance under the guidance of the metronome that beat generator 2 sends by loudspeaker 3, it is the content that to sightsing and impart knowledge to students and to train, being the content that the present invention wants auto judge, is not a part of the present invention yet.Therefore can not cause the present invention includes the rule and the method for human mind's activity.
The sound 4 that the student sings and the metronome of loudspeaker 3 are gathered by microphone 5 together, give time domain cutting part 6.The note duration that time domain cutting part 6 provides by music score of Chinese operas parts 1, one section sound of intercepting in needing the current note duration time corresponding section of auto judge; One section sound of above-mentioned intercepting by going metronome sound components 7 to remove the metronome that loudspeaker 3 sends, only keeps the sound of clockless acoustic jamming; The sound that above-mentioned clockless device disturbs sends to and extracts fundamental frequency parts 8, and the employing known algorithm extracts the fundamental frequency of sound, also promptly identifies the pitch of sound; The pitch that identifies expects that the pitch that the student sings does contrast this moment that is provided by pitch comparison parts 9 and music score of Chinese operas parts 1; The result of contrast is handled by display unit as a result 10, is shown as the pitch that the correct pitch represented with staff and student sing on display 11.
The invention has the advantages that and use this device, the student can train the technology part of sightsinging under no teacher ' s guidance, and this part training needs teacher's guidance in the prior art, so the present invention can save teacher's time; The present invention be advantageous in that can be for the student saves a large amount of study costss, because technique drill need spend a large amount of paying time.
Purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage will be in conjunction with the embodiments, are further described with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of described music sightsinging teaching servicing unit.
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram that part takes place the metronome of described music sightsinging teaching servicing unit.
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the pitch auto judge part of described music sightsinging teaching servicing unit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of described music sightsinging teaching servicing unit;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram that part takes place the metronome of described music sightsinging teaching servicing unit;
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the pitch auto judge part of described music sightsinging teaching servicing unit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, music score of Chinese operas file 12 is connected with music score of Chinese operas parts 1, music score of Chinese operas parts 1 are connected with beat generator 2, time domain cutting part 6, pitch comparison parts 9 respectively, be respectively the current pitch that should sing of time, note duration, student that they provide metronome to produce, beat generator 2 links to each other with loudspeaker 3, microphone 5 with time domain cutting part 6, go metronome sound components 7, extract fundamental frequency parts 8, pitch comparison parts 9, display unit 10, display 11 are contacted successively as a result.
Wherein, music score of Chinese operas file 12 is the data files in the computing machine, in order to the pitch and the duration of each note in the speed of beat type, the melody of the storage music score of Chinese operas, the melody.The implication of the speed of beat type, melody, pitch, duration is a basic music theory knowledge, and the content of storage does not exceed knowledge in the music score of Chinese operas file 12.
Wherein, music score of Chinese operas parts 1, beat generator 2, time domain cutting part 6, go metronome sound components 7, extract fundamental frequency parts 8, pitch comparison parts 9, display unit 10 all is the program module in the personal computer as a result.Produce flow process and sound collection and auto judge flow process by the following metronome of multiple task operating system control that moves in the personal computer and work simultaneously, promptly step 21 and step 31 begin simultaneously and carry out synchronously.
The workflow that metronome produces as shown in Figure 2.Step 21 is an initial actuating, parses the beat type of melody from music score of Chinese operas file 12, as 2/4 bat, 3/4 bat, 4/4 bat, 6/8 bat etc., also parses the speed of music, claps as per minute 60, also will calculate the total time span of music.The total time span of music is the summation of all note durations.Step 22 calculates sounding opportunity of strong and weak bat, comprises that the sounding opportunity and the sound of bat in duration of trifle and the trifle is selected.The computing method that the sounding opportunity of bat and sound are selected in the duration of trifle, the trifle are basic music theory knowledge, belong to knowledge.For example 2/4 clap, 60 clap per minute, and its implication is that crotchet is 1 bat, every trifle 2 is clapped, can calculate so in 2 seconds of duration of every trifle, send metronome p.s. 1 time, wherein previous metronome with " strong (and rub-a-dub) " sound represents that a back metronome is with " " sound is represented weak (clatter).Step 23, drive loudspeaker 3 set by step 22 results that try to achieve at the metronome sound that sends appointment opportunity of regulation, and duration of record metronome sound.Step 24 judges whether the music score of Chinese operas finishes, and promptly whether has surpassed the total time span of music this moment.If this moment, the music score of Chinese operas finished, then jump to step 25, if the music score of Chinese operas does not finish as yet, then jump to step 23 and continue to carry out.Step 25, flow process finishes.
The metronome instruction of papil of loudspeaker 3 is sung, and the sound 4 that the student as a result of performance sings is by the data sample of microphone 5 collections as sightsinging teaching auto judge of the present invention, and microphone 5 also collects the metronome of loudspeaker 3 simultaneously.It is a kind of interference that above-mentioned metronome is sung for auto judge student of the present invention, by going removal in the metronome sound components 7.
The workflow of the pitch auto judge of the sound 4 that the present invention sings the student as shown in Figure 3.Step 31 is an initial actuating.Step 31 is read the music score of Chinese operas, parses each duration and pitch in the melody from music score of Chinese operas file 12.Step 32 drives microphone 5 sampling sound by time domain cutting part 6, as next note, and the current duration that the duration of sampling sings for the expectation student.Like this, just cut out the time-domain signal of next note the whole first melody of the sound of singing from the student 4.For execution in step 32 first time, the next note of sampling is exactly first note.The conversion of duration and duration is a basic music theory knowledge, belongs to knowledge.For example 4/4 clap, and the melody of per minute 60 bats, the duration of a crotchet duration was 1 second.Step 33 passes to metronome sound components 7 to the time-domain signal that cuts out in the step 32, goes metronome sound components 7 to clip initial part in the time-domain signal that transmits, and length is the duration of the metronome sound of record in the step 23.Clipped during this period of time in, the sound 4 that the student sings is mixed in together with metronome sound.Clip later during this period of time time-domain signal, send to and extract fundamental frequency parts 8.Step 34 is extracted fundamental frequency parts 8 from the time-domain signal of removing metronome sound, extracts fundamental frequency by known algorithm.The algorithm of known extraction fundamental frequency is a lot, and enough effective after defining time range by above-mentioned steps, as cepstrum method, zero-crossing rate method, autocorrelation function method, best comb filter method etc.Step 35, the pitch of pitch that the fundamental frequency that is relatively extracted by step 34 by pitch comparison parts 9 is converted to and the current note that parsed by music score of Chinese operas parts 1 in the step 31 is if the pitch unanimity shows that pitch and rhythm that the student sings all are correct.The present invention can judge whether the rhythm that the student sings is correct, its principle is according to being that should be consistent according to all duration summations before this that the music score of Chinese operas calculates with computing machine the opportunity that the student sings any note all, if the opportunity that the student sings and the duration summation of aforementioned calculation are inconsistent, the present invention will detect the difference of pitch so.Step 36 is calculated the result who the student is sung auto judge by display unit as a result 10, if student's pitch is wrong, when showing the correct music score of Chinese operas, stack shows that the student sings the pitch of note.The result of auto judge is presented by display 11.Step 37 judges whether the music score of Chinese operas finishes, and promptly whether has surpassed the total time span of music this moment.If this moment, the music score of Chinese operas finished, then jump to step 38, otherwise jump to step 32.Step 38, flow process finishes.
With a snatch of music, " starlet " first trifle and second trifle are example below, opportunity, the time domain cutting of sending metronome sound is described and goes the metronome sound method.
For the purpose of reading conveniently, this two trifles music is expressed as follows with numbered musical notation:
Per minute 60 is clapped 4/41=C
1155|665-|
The metronome sound generating is as shown in the table opportunity.Wherein the metronome sound duration only is an example, and the actual duration can slightly adjust, and requires to be shorter than the value the most in short-term of performance.
| Time migration (second) | Duration (second) | Metronome sound |
| 0 | 0.1 | By force |
| 1 | 0.1 | A little less than |
| 2 | 0.1 | Inferior strong |
| 3 | 0.1 | A little less than |
| 4 | 0.1 | By force |
| 5 | 0.1 | A little less than |
| 6 | 0.1 | Inferior strong |
| 7 | 0.1 | A little less than |
The time domain joint cuts and goes the principle of metronome sound as shown in the table:
Claims (3)
1. music sightsinging teaching servicing unit, comprise music score of Chinese operas file (12), music score of Chinese operas parts (1), loudspeaker (3), beat generator (2), microphone (5), time domain cutting part (6), go metronome sound components (7), extract fundamental frequency parts (8), pitch comparison parts (9), display unit (10) as a result, display (11), wherein music score of Chinese operas file (12) links to each other with music score of Chinese operas parts (1), music score of Chinese operas parts (1) respectively with time domain cutting part (6), pitch comparison parts (9) are connected, music score of Chinese operas parts (1) beat generator (2) of contacting successively again, loudspeaker (3), microphone (5) the time domain cutting part (6) of contacting successively, go metronome sound components (7), extract fundamental frequency parts (8), pitch comparison parts (9), display unit (10) as a result, display (11), wherein the sound (4) sung of the metronome that sends of loudspeaker (3) and student is entered this device by microphone (5) collection together and is used for auto judge pitch and rhythm, it is characterized in that: cadence signal is successively via music score of Chinese operas parts (1), beat generator (2), drive loudspeaker (3) sends regulation at official hour metronome, instruction of papil is pressed rhythm and is sung, the sound (4) that the student sings is successively via microphone (5), time domain cutting part (6), go metronome sound components (7), extract fundamental frequency parts (8), pitch comparison parts (9), display unit (10) as a result, go up the auto judge result who shows student's performance at display (10), wherein the standard of rhythm and pitch judge is read from music score of Chinese operas parts (1) by time domain cutting part (6) and pitch comparison parts (9) respectively.
2. music sightsinging teaching servicing unit as claimed in claim 1, the wherein said sound (4) that goes metronome sound components (7) to adopt amputation metronome sound and student to sing mixes the method for part on time domain.
3. music sightsinging teaching servicing unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pitch comparison parts (9) adopt the method for the pitch comparison of the note that the pairing pitch of fundamental frequency of the note in the sound (4) that the student is sung and music score of Chinese operas file (12) that music score of Chinese operas parts (1) parse write down.
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| CN105427708A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 华北水利水电大学 | Vocal music pronunciation training system |
| CN107507628A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-22 | 广州酷狗计算机科技有限公司 | Singing methods of marking, device and terminal |
| CN108028040A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2018-05-11 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Musical performance auxiliary device and method |
| CN108447311A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-24 | 北京网梯科技发展有限公司 | Music education method and apparatus based on voice recognition |
| CN108510836A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-07 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of music, which is listened, sings tutoring system |
| CN109584904A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-05 | 厦门大学 | The sightsinging audio roll call for singing education applied to root LeEco identifies modeling method |
| CN110136541A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 吉林省同和科技有限公司 | What a kind of music rhythm training topic generated instructs training system |
| CN110838304A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-25 | 深圳市伊诺乐器有限公司 | Method and device for judging accurate video and singing |
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| CN108028040A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2018-05-11 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Musical performance auxiliary device and method |
| CN108028040B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2022-06-07 | 雅马哈株式会社 | Musical performance assisting apparatus and method |
| CN105427708A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 华北水利水电大学 | Vocal music pronunciation training system |
| CN107507628A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-22 | 广州酷狗计算机科技有限公司 | Singing methods of marking, device and terminal |
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| CN108510836A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-07 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of music, which is listened, sings tutoring system |
| CN110838304A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-25 | 深圳市伊诺乐器有限公司 | Method and device for judging accurate video and singing |
| CN109584904A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-05 | 厦门大学 | The sightsinging audio roll call for singing education applied to root LeEco identifies modeling method |
| CN109584904B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2022-10-28 | 厦门大学 | Video-song audio-song name recognition modeling method applied to basic music video-song education |
| CN110136541A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 吉林省同和科技有限公司 | What a kind of music rhythm training topic generated instructs training system |
| CN110136541B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-06-04 | 吉林省同和科技有限公司 | Guidance training system for music rhythm training subject generation |
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Application publication date: 20111019 |