CN102218308A - KOH-supported Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk active carbon catalyst and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
KOH-supported Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk active carbon catalyst and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a KOH-supported Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk active carbon catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) pretreating Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk active carbon; (2) preparing the KOH-supported Xanthoceras sorbifolia husk active carbon catalyst; (3) calcining at high temperature; and (4) packaging finished products. A method for preparing biodiesel by using the catalyst comprises the following steps of: (1) performing ester exchange reaction; (2) recycling glycerol; and (3) preparing a finished product of biodiesel. The invention has the advantages that: the cost of the catalyst is reduced, the catalytic efficiency is improved, the catalyst is easily separated from the product, is easy to regenerate and cannot seriously corrode reaction equipment, reaction conditions are mild, the automatic and continuous operation is easy to realize and the like.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of Catalysts and its preparation method and application thereof, catalyst and preparation method and the application thereof of the activated carbon supported KOH of particularly a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
Background technology:
In the biodiesel manufacture process, the catalyst of ester exchange process mostly is homogeneous catalyst, generally all adopts NaOH, KOH, metal sodium alkoxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid.Mainly is cheap being easy to get with NaOH etc. as catalyst, but there is important disadvantages in it, as the post processing complexity, difficultly separate, corrosive equipment, easily cause the three wastes, contaminated environment.In addition, when being catalyst with homogeneous phase alkali, the content of moisture and free fatty requires water content less than 0.06% usually in the also necessary strict qualification raw material, and acid number AV is less than 1mgKOH/g.In order to overcome the defective that the homogeneous phase base catalyst exists in the biodiesel synthesis process, the research of solid base catalyst is more and more.Therefore, the solid catalyst of development of new replaces existing homogeneous catalyst, has great significance in catalytic reaction.
γ-Al
2O
3Crystal belong to the tightly packed configuration of cube center of area, the aluminium atom is arranged in the octahedron and tetrahedron hole that is surrounded by oxygen atom brokenly, it is as catalyst carrier, have characteristics such as porous, high degree of dispersion, high-specific surface area, good adsorption, heat endurance and surface acidity, often be known as " activated alumina ".KOH, CH
3OK, NaOH, CH
3Homogeneous phase base catalysts such as ONa all are catalyst commonly used in the ester exchange reaction biodiesel synthesis process, and wherein the catalytic activity of K type alkali will be apparently higher than Na type base catalyst, with γ-Al
2O
3As carrier, by load sylvite (as KI, KNO
3, K
2CO
3Deng) the preparation solid base, and be used for the ester exchange reaction biodiesel synthesis.
At present, utilize shinyleaf yellowhorn oil to pass through the ester exchange reaction biodiesel synthesis, mainly utilize some homogeneous catalysts, can occur also that catalyst separates with the biodiesel difficulty, the post processing complexity, can not recycle, to the ingredient requirement harshness, easily etching apparatus, easily cause problems such as the three wastes, contaminated environment.
Homogeneous catalyst: catalyst is in one together mutually with reactant, does not have phase boundary to exist and the reaction carried out, is called catalysis in a homogeneous system, and the catalyst that plays catalysis in a homogeneous system is homogeneous catalyst.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to provide the Preparation of catalysts method of the activated carbon supported KOH of a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of purposes with the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
The 4th purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of using the biodiesel of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
First purpose of the present invention is implemented by following technical scheme, the Preparation of catalysts method of the activated carbon supported KOH of a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and it in turn includes the following steps, (1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment; (2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell; (3) catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is 300-600 ℃ of calcining; (4) finished product packing; Wherein,
(1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment: shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon is put into the inherent 100-200 ℃ of dry 2-4h of drying box, remove the impurity and the moisture of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell activated carbon surface;
(2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell: take by weighing pretreated shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon, the KOH solution that adds mass fraction 10%-40%, continuous stirring 1-2h, make it to mix, subsequently, put into drying box and remove moisture for inherent 100-120 ℃, be dried to constant weight, obtaining the KOH load capacity after the drying is the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of 10-30% by mass fraction;
(3) catalyst that takes by weighing step (2) gained is added in the chamber type electric resistance furnace, feeds nitrogen, at 300-600 ℃, high-temperature calcination 2h, final products;
(4) finished product packing: room temperature to be reduced to, put into valve bag and preserve, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of black solid shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, put into drier and preserve.
Second purpose of the present invention implemented by following technical scheme: the catalyst of a kind of activated carbon supported KOH of the prepared shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of method of the catalyst for preparing the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention implemented by following technical scheme: with the purposes of the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
The 4th purpose of the present invention implemented by following technical scheme: with the method for the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it comprises the steps, (1) ester exchange reaction; (2) reclaim catalyst; (3) reclaim glycerine; (4) make the biodiesel finished product; Wherein,
(1) ester exchange reaction: take by weighing any of vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease, in any of described vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease, add methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and be placed in the container, wherein any of methyl alcohol and vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease is (6-12) in molar ratio: 1, and be any heavy 1.5%-3.5% of described vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease by the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst amount of the described shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of mass fraction; With place described vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease any, the container water-bath of methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is heated to 55-75 ℃, reaction makes biodiesel, by-product glycerin;
(2) reclaim catalyst: with the mixture after final (1) ester exchange reaction, by pumping rate, promptly with aspiration pump the pressure in the bottle,suction is reduced, with Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, kept dry is stand-by;
(3) reclaim glycerine: with the filtrate after the liquid-solid separation of step (2), put into the separatory funnel separatory, precipitated and separated reclaims lower coarse glycerine, obtains upper strata product-biodiesel;
(4) make the biodiesel finished product: upper strata product-biodiesel is cleaned with distilled water earlier, removes moisture with anhydrous sodium sulfate again, obtains yellowish limpid biodiesel at last.
In described step (1) ester exchange reaction, will place the container water-bath of described shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell at least more than the 10min.
The catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of described shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is prepared for the method for the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
Described vegetable oil is any of peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, shinyleaf yellowhorn oil.
Described waste grease is a waste oil.
The invention has the advantages that, be the catalyst of preparing carriers with shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon, utilized shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon to have very big specific area and aperture, makes KOH can be impregnated in the middle of the aperture, generates KOH and K
2The O active group improves activity of such catalysts.(1) make the cost that carrier can reduce catalyst with shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon, the loose structure that active carbon has improves catalytic reaction efficient; (2) catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is easy to separate with the solid-liquid diphasic system of product; (3) post catalyst reaction is regenerated easily, can reuse; (4) and to consersion unit there is not serious corrosion; (5) the synthetic shinyleaf yellowhorn oil biodiesel reaction condition gentleness of this catalyst, operation easily are automated and serialization, can reuse, heterogeneous catalytic reaction for the preparation biodiesel, than traditional homogeneous catalysis prepare biodiesel have active high, separate easy, little to equipment corrosion, do not produce advantage such as waste water, thereby can effectively widen raw material sources, improve the biodiesel economic competitiveness, reduce and pollute.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of embodiment 1,2 and 3 shinyleaf yellowhorn oil biodiesel synthesis.
Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrogram of the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell after absorbent charcoal carrier and the calcining.(a represents the infrared spectrogram of the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and b represents the infrared spectrogram of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon).
Fig. 3 be shinyleaf yellowhorn oil and the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Preparation of Catalyst biodiesel infrared spectrum (1 the expression shinyleaf yellowhorn oil infrared spectrogram, 2 the expression biodiesel infrared spectrogram).
Fig. 4 prepares the gas chromatogram of biodiesel for shinyleaf yellowhorn oil.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the Preparation of catalysts method of the activated carbon supported KOH of a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and it in turn includes the following steps, (1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment; (2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell; (3) catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is 300 ℃ of calcinings; (4) finished product packing; Wherein,
(1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment: shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon is put into the inherent 100 ℃ of dry 2h of drying box, remove the impurity and the moisture of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell activated carbon surface;
(2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell: take by weighing pretreated shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon 500 grams, the KOH solution that adds 55ml 10%, continuous stirring 1-2h, make it to mix, subsequently, put into drying box and remove moisture for inherent 100-120 ℃, be dried to constant weight, obtain the KOH load capacity after the drying and be 10% the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell by mass fraction;
(3) catalyst that takes by weighing step (2) gained is added in the chamber type electric resistance furnace (FSX2-12-15N), feeds nitrogen, at 300 ℃, high-temperature calcination 2h, final products;
(4) finished product packing: room temperature to be reduced to, put into valve bag and preserve, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of black solid shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, put into drier and preserve.
Can prepare biodiesel with the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of above-mentioned shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
With the method for the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it comprises the steps, (1) ester exchange reaction; (2) reclaim catalyst; (3) reclaim glycerine; (4) make the biodiesel finished product; Wherein,
(1) ester exchange reaction: take by weighing shinyleaf yellowhorn oil 500ml, in shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, add methyl alcohol and by the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of the shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of method for preparing, and be placed in the container, wherein methyl alcohol and shinyleaf yellowhorn oil are 6: 1 in molar ratio, by the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst amount of the described shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of mass fraction be shinyleaf yellowhorn oil heavy 1.5%; The container water-bath of placing shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is heated to 55 ℃, 100min, reaction makes biodiesel, by-product glycerin;
(2) reclaim catalyst: with the mixture after final (1) ester exchange reaction, by pumping rate, promptly with aspiration pump the pressure in the bottle,suction is reduced, with Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, kept dry is stand-by;
(3) reclaim glycerine: with the filtrate after the liquid-solid separation of step (2), put into the separatory funnel separatory, precipitated and separated reclaims lower coarse glycerine, obtains upper strata product-biodiesel;
(4) make the biodiesel finished product: upper strata product-biodiesel is cleaned with distilled water earlier, removes moisture with anhydrous sodium sulfate again, obtains yellowish limpid biodiesel at last.
Embodiment 2: the Preparation of catalysts method of the activated carbon supported KOH of a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and it in turn includes the following steps, (1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment; (2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell; (3) catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is 600 ℃ of calcinings; (4) finished product packing; Wherein,
(1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment: shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon is put into the inherent 200 ℃ of dry 4h of drying box, remove the impurity and the moisture of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell activated carbon surface;
(2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell: take by weighing pretreated shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon 500g, the KOH solution that adds 125ml 40%, continuous stirring 1-2h, make it to mix, subsequently, put into drying box and remove moisture for inherent 120 ℃, be dried to constant weight, obtain the KOH load capacity after the drying and be 20% the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell by mass fraction;
(3) catalyst that takes by weighing step (2) gained is added in the chamber type electric resistance furnace (FSX2-12-15N), feeds nitrogen, at 600 ℃, high-temperature calcination 2h, final products;
(4) finished product packing: room temperature to be reduced to, put into valve bag and preserve, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of black solid shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, put into drier and preserve.
Can prepare biodiesel with the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of above-mentioned shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
With the method for the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it comprises the steps, (1) ester exchange reaction; (2) reclaim catalyst; (3) reclaim glycerine; (4) make the biodiesel finished product; Wherein,
(1) ester exchange reaction: take by weighing shinyleaf yellowhorn oil 500ml, in shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, add methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and be placed in the container, wherein methyl alcohol and shinyleaf yellowhorn oil are 12: 1 in molar ratio, by the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst amount of mass fraction shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell be described shinyleaf yellowhorn oil heavy 3.5%; The container water-bath of placing shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is heated to 75 ℃ of 150min, and reaction makes biodiesel, by-product glycerin;
(2) with receiving catalyst: with the mixture after final (1) ester exchange reaction, by pumping rate, promptly with aspiration pump the pressure in the bottle,suction is reduced, with Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, kept dry is stand-by;
(3) reclaim glycerine: with the filtrate after the liquid-solid separation of step (2), put into the separatory funnel separatory, precipitated and separated reclaims lower coarse glycerine, obtains upper strata product-biodiesel;
(4) make the biodiesel finished product: upper strata product-biodiesel is cleaned with distilled water earlier, removes moisture with anhydrous sodium sulfate again, obtains yellowish limpid biodiesel at last.
Embodiment 3: the Preparation of catalysts method of the activated carbon supported KOH of a kind of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and it in turn includes the following steps, (1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment; (2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell; (3) catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is 500 ℃ of calcinings; (4) finished product packing; Wherein,
(1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment: shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon is put into the inherent 150 ℃ of dry 3h of drying box, remove the impurity and the moisture of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell activated carbon surface;
(2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell: take by weighing pretreated shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon 500g, the KOH solution that adds 214ml 30%, continuous stirring 1-2h, make it to mix, subsequently, put into drying box and remove moisture for inherent 110 ℃, be dried to constant weight, obtain the KOH load capacity after the drying and be 30% the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell by mass fraction;
(3) catalyst that takes by weighing step (2) gained is added in the chamber type electric resistance furnace (FSX2-12-15N), feeds nitrogen, at 450 ℃, high-temperature calcination 2h, final products;
(4) finished product packing: room temperature to be reduced to, put into valve bag and preserve, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of black solid shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, put into drier and preserve.
Can prepare biodiesel with the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of the shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of method for preparing.
With the method for the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it comprises the steps, (1) ester exchange reaction; (2) reclaim catalyst; (3) reclaim glycerine; (4) make the biodiesel finished product; Wherein,
(1) ester exchange reaction: take by weighing shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, in shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, add methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and be placed in the container, wherein any of methyl alcohol and vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease is 9: 1 in molar ratio, by the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst amount of the described shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of mass fraction be described shinyleaf yellowhorn oil heavy 2.5%; The container water-bath of placing shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is heated to 60 ℃ of 50min, and reaction makes biodiesel, by-product glycerin;
(2) reclaim catalyst: with the mixture after final (1) ester exchange reaction, by pumping rate, promptly with aspiration pump the pressure in the bottle,suction is reduced, with Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, kept dry is stand-by;
(3) reclaim glycerine: with the filtrate after the liquid-solid separation of step (2), put into the separatory funnel separatory, precipitated and separated reclaims lower coarse glycerine, obtains upper strata product-biodiesel;
(4) make the biodiesel finished product: upper strata product-biodiesel is cleaned with distilled water earlier, removes moisture with anhydrous sodium sulfate again, obtains yellowish limpid biodiesel at last.
The foregoing description 1,2 and 3 shinyleaf yellowhorn oil can be used vegetable oil: peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm wet goods substitute.The foregoing description 1,2 and 3 shinyleaf yellowhorn oil can substitute with waste grease such as waste oil.
Embodiment 4: the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell after adopting TENSOR 27 type infrared spectrums to absorbent charcoal carrier and 3500 ℃ of calcinings of embodiment characterizes, and the result as shown in Figure 2.Absorbent charcoal carrier is at 3224cm
-1And 1635cm
-1The absworption peak at place belongs to the OH-stretching vibration absworption peak that forms for the water in the absorbed air; 3406cm
-1The absworption peak ownership at place is the hydroxyl vibration peak of KOH; 1058cm
-1, 881cm
-1And 703cm
-1The absworption peak at place is K
2CO
3CO3
2-Produce; At 550cm
-1The absworption peak that the place occurs is a K-O stretching vibration absworption peak.
Embodiment 5: the infrared spectrum of the biodiesel that embodiment 1,2 and 3 methods make.As shown in Figure 3, at 1742.5cm
-1There are the stretching vibration absworption peak of tangible ester bond, 3015cm in the place
-1Near appear as the stretching vibration absworption peak of C=C key, 2930cm
-1And 2854.8cm
-1Be the stretching vibration absworption peak of c h bond, these characteristic absorption peaks show the contained main functional group of biodiesel of the Preparation of Catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, have verified that it is the ester class formation.
0) 1.85% embodiment 6: Fig. 4 is the gas chromatogram of the biodiesel that makes with embodiment 1,2 and 3 methods, and the shinyleaf yellowhorn oil biodiesel mainly is grouped into by 6 kinds of one-tenth, is respectively palmitic acid acid methyl esters (C17: (mass fraction, down with); Methyl linoleate (C19: 2) 42.52%; Methyl linolenate (C19: 3) 16.02%; Methyl oleate (C19: 1) 35.91%; Methyl stearate (C19: 0) 2.46%; Methyl erucate (C23: 1) 1.23%.
Embodiment 7: biodiesel and the 0# diesel fuel characteristics comparison sheet of table 1 for making with embodiment 1,2 and 3 methods.The biodiesel flash-point is all high than 0# diesel oil as can be seen, this is because the carbochain average length of biodiesel molecule is long than the mineral diesel molecule, therefore the flash-point of biodiesel is than mineral diesel height, this makes biodiesel be difficult for breaking out of fire, compare with 0# diesel oil commonly used, biodiesel has good security when storage, transportation and use; Biodiesel meets the condensation point requirement of 0# diesel oil on substantially, and this shows that biodiesel has the good low-temperature performance, except that northern area can both use winter; Biodiesel derives from natural plant resource or Animal resources, does not contain mechanical admixture, and is very little to the corrosivity of engine; The viscosity of biodiesel sample, acidity, density, cold filter plugging point also meet the index of 0# diesel oil substantially.
The comparison of table 1 biodiesel and 0# diesel oil
Claims (8)
1. the Preparation of catalysts method of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is characterized in that it in turn includes the following steps, (1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment; (2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell; (3) catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is 300-600 ℃ of calcining; (4) finished product packing; Wherein,
(1) shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell Activated Carbon Pretreatment: shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon is put into the inherent 100-200 ℃ of dry 2-4h of drying box;
(2) the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell: take by weighing pretreated shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell active carbon, the KOH solution that adds mass fraction 10%-40%, continuous stirring 1-2h, make it to mix, subsequently, put into drying box and remove moisture for inherent 100-120 ℃, be dried to constant weight, obtaining the KOH load capacity after the drying is the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of 10-30% by mass fraction;
(3) catalyst that takes by weighing step (2) gained is added in the chamber type electric resistance furnace, feeds nitrogen, at 300-600 ℃, high-temperature calcination 2h, final products;
(4) finished product packing: room temperature to be reduced to, put into valve bag and preserve, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of black solid shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, put into drier and preserve.
2. the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of the prepared shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of method of a catalyst for preparing the activated carbon supported KOH of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
3. use the purposes of the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
4. with the method for the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps, (1) ester exchange reaction; (2) reclaim catalyst; (3) reclaim glycerine; (4) make the biodiesel finished product; Wherein,
(1) ester exchange reaction: take by weighing any of vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease, in any of described vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease, add methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, and be placed in the container, wherein any of methyl alcohol and vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease is (6-12) in molar ratio: 1, and the 1.5%-3.5% that any oil that is described vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease by the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst amount of the described shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell of mass fraction weighs; With place described vegetable oil, animal fat or waste grease any, the container water-bath of methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is heated to 55-75 ℃, reaction makes biodiesel, by-product glycerin;
(2) reclaim catalyst: with the mixture after final (1) ester exchange reaction, by pumping rate, promptly with aspiration pump the pressure in the bottle,suction is reduced, with Separation of Solid and Liquid, obtain the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, kept dry is stand-by;
(3) reclaim glycerine: with the filtrate after the liquid-solid separation of step (2), put into the separatory funnel separatory, precipitated and separated reclaims lower coarse glycerine, obtains upper strata product-biodiesel;
(4) make the biodiesel finished product: upper strata product-biodiesel is cleaned with distilled water earlier, removes moisture with anhydrous sodium sulfate again, obtains yellowish limpid biodiesel at last.
5. a kind of method according to claim 4 with the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it is characterized in that, in described step (1) ester exchange reaction, will place the container water-bath of described shinyleaf yellowhorn oil, methyl alcohol and the activated carbon supported KOH catalyst of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell at least more than the 10min.
6. a kind of method according to claim 4 with the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell, it is characterized in that the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of described shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell is prepared for the method for the catalyst of the activated carbon supported KOH of preparation shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell.
7. a kind of method with shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described vegetable oil is any of peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, shinyleaf yellowhorn oil.
8. a kind of method with the activated carbon supported KOH biodiesel of shinyleaf yellowhorn fruit shell according to claim 4 is characterized in that described waste grease is a waste oil.
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| 孙康等: "文冠果皮活性炭的制备及其在甘油脱色脱臭中的应用", 《林产化学与工业》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103910359A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-07-09 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Method for preparing active carbon from shinyleaf yellowhorn wood biodiesel processing residue |
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