CN102218143A - Water dispersion type carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water dispersion type carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102218143A CN102218143A CN 201110154812 CN201110154812A CN102218143A CN 102218143 A CN102218143 A CN 102218143A CN 201110154812 CN201110154812 CN 201110154812 CN 201110154812 A CN201110154812 A CN 201110154812A CN 102218143 A CN102218143 A CN 102218143A
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Abstract
The invention relates to water dispersion type carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder and a preparation method thereof, and the problem of actual needs in pharmacy taking carbon nano-tubes as medicament carriers can be effectively solved. The technical scheme for solution is as follows: the water dispersion type carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder is prepared by the carbon nano-tubes, a surface active agent and a freeze-drying protecting agent, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon nano-tubes with the surface active agent is 1:2-10 and the weight ratio of the carbon nano-tubes with the freeze-drying protecting agent is 1:1-10. The preparation method comprises the following steps: placing the carbon nano-tubes in water solution of the surface active agent, performing ultrasonic treatment by a cell disruption instrument, further performing the ultrasonic treatment by an ultrasonic washing machine, centrifugating and sucking supernatant liquid to obtain the water dispersion type carbon nano-tubes; adding the freeze-drying protecting agent into the water dispersion type carbon nano-tubes, oscillating, uniformly stirring and then freezing; and taking out the frozen water dispersion type carbon nano-tubes and rapidly placing into a freeze-drying machine for freeze-drying. The water dispersion type carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder is strong in water dispersion. The preparation conditions are easy to meet, sources of raw materials are abundant, the cost is low, the stability is strong, and the storage life is greatly prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medicine, particularly CNT lyophilized powder of a kind of water dispersible and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
When CNT is the spherical carbon molecule that was produced in the check graphite arc equipment under high resolution transmission electron microscope in 1991 by Japanese scientist's Iijima (Iijima), the unexpected carbon molecule of finding of forming by piped co-axial nano pipe, because of its unique character, for example unidimensional hollow nano structure, big specific diameter ratio, huge specific surface area, the mechanical strength of superelevation, lower density, outstanding chemistry and heat stability and electron rich feature, and go in being widely applied to scientific research and producing, and be called following " super fiber " by scientist.In nano material, the carbon nanomaterial that comprises CNT, carbon nano-fiber is one of field, forward position of international scientific in recent years always.The surface of CNT is by sp
2Carbon atom is formed, and has highly delocalized in a large number pi-electron, and these pi-electrons can combine with other chemical compounds that contain pi-electron by the strong effect of π-π and obtain functionalized carbon nanotube, and this combination can not be damaged to the π system of CNT.The opening CNT can be used as nano container, and many molecules, ion, metal etc. can be inhaled in the pipe, can be wrapped in the CNT as fullerene etc.Fill active substance such as magnetic molecule in the CNT, can play a protective role to magnetic molecule, can effectively avoid bioenvironmental interference, avoid degraded, reduce toxicity and side effect, CNT is an effective nanoscale transport vehicle.But the poorly water-soluble of CNT has limited its application at biomedical sector.
For this reason, adopt spray drying and vacuum drying surface modification method can effectively solve CNT water solublity problem, as use phospholipid, oligonucleotide, polypeptide, protein and sugar etc. is modified its surface.But the CNT of resulting water dispersible is a kind of heterogeneous hybrid dispersions mostly, the change of physical property or chemical property may take place in the process of storage, as flocculation, precipitation etc., shelf-life is short, therefore can not satisfy on the preparation medicine actual needs as carrier.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned situation, for overcoming the defective of prior art, purpose of the present invention just provides CNT lyophilized powder of a kind of water dispersible and preparation method thereof, can effectively solve CNT as the actual needs problem of pharmaceutical carrier in pharmacy.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves is; the CNT lyophilized powder of this water dispersible is by CNT; surfactant and freeze drying protectant are made; the weight ratio of CNT and surfactant is 1:2-10; the weight ratio of CNT and freeze drying protectant is 1:1-10(or is expressed as CNT: surfactant: freeze drying protectant=1:2-10:1-10); described surfactant is a sodium lauryl sulphate; poloxamer 188; soybean lecithin; the Polyethylene Glycol stearate; polyvinylpyrrolidone a kind of, described freeze drying protectant is a lactose; sucrose; trehalose; the mixture of one or both of mannitol.
Its preparation method may further comprise the steps:
1) CNT being placed concentration is the aqueous surfactant solution of 2-10mg/ml, through ultrasonic 5-15 time of cell breakage instrument, each 3s, ultrasonic power is 200-600 watt, the ultrasonic 0.5-2h of reuse sonic washing machine, centrifugal, rotating speed is 4000-10000rpm, centrifugation time is 5-30min, draws the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible;
2) add freeze drying protectant in the CNT with above-mentioned water dispersible, 25-30 ℃ of vibration 15-60min, stirring is placed on-20 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled and freezes 2-5h, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 4-12h again;
3) take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer lyophilization 24-48h rapidly.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is in concrete enforcement, and the CNT lyophilized powder of described water dispersible is to be that the freeze drying protectant of sucrose: lactose=2:1 is made by 10 mg CNTs, 21mg poloxamer 188 and 50mg weight ratio, and its preparation method is:
It is poloxamer 188 aqueous solutions of 2.1 mg/ml that CNT 10 mg place 10 ml concentration, use cell breakage instrument ultrasonic 10 times through 400w, each 3s, ultrasonic 30 min of reuse ultrasonic washer, through centrifugal 15 min of 4000rpm, draw the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible, the concentration that records CNT is 0.832mg/ml, particle diameter is 186.23 ± 12.5 nm, and Zeta potential is-10.16 ± 1.23 mv;
With adding weight ratio in the CNT of above-mentioned water dispersible is the freeze drying protectant 50mg of sucrose: lactose=2:1,25 ℃ of vibration 20min, and stirring is placed on 4h in-20 ℃ of refrigerators, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 8h again;
Take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer to carry out lyophilization 24h rapidly, obtain the dispersive water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder of poloxamer; Get lyophilized powder and add the water redissolution, the content that records its SWNTs gently after the jolting is 0.831 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 188.35 ± 13.6nm, and Zeta potential is-10.23 ± 1.05mv; Surveying its SWNTs content behind the placement 48h after redissolving is 0.831 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 188.23 ± 10.5 nm, and Zeta potential is-10.45 ± 1.22 mv; 4 ℃ of placements of lyophilized powder after 6 months, are observed its form and do not changed, and back its SWNTs content of survey that redissolves is 0.830 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 186.43 ± 11.22 nm, and Zeta potential is-10.23 ± 0.97 mv.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is in concrete enforcement, and the CNT lyophilized powder of described water dispersible can also be made by 8 mg CNTs, 40mg polyvinylpyrrolidone and 40mg trehalose, and its preparation method is:
It is the polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution of 10 mg/ml that CNT 8mg places 4 ml concentration, use cell breakage instrument ultrasonic 15 times through 600w, each 3s, ultrasonic 30 min of ultrasonic washer, through centrifugal 15 min of 4000 rpm, draw the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible, the concentration that records CNT is 0.724 mg/ml, particle diameter is 177.23 ± 9.43 nm, and Zeta potential is-12.09 ± 0.87 mv;
To add trehalose 40mg in the CNT of above-mentioned water dispersible as freeze drying protectant, 30 ℃ of vibration 30min, stirring is placed on 3h in-20 ℃ of refrigerators, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 10h again;
Take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer to carry out lyophilization 24h rapidly, obtain the dispersive water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPk30); Get lyophilized powder and add the water redissolution, the content that records its SWNTs gently after the jolting is 0.725 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 180.45 ± 11.3nm, and Zeta potential is-12.56 ± 1.20mv; Surveying its SWNTs content behind the placement 48h after redissolving is 0.725 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 183.45 ± 10.5 nm, and Zeta potential is-10.45 ± 1.22 mv; 4 ℃ of placements of lyophilized powder after 6 months, are observed its form and do not changed, and back its SWNTs content of survey that redissolves is 0.725 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 179.38 ± 12.35 nm, and Zeta potential is-13.56 ± 1.26 mv.
Embodiment 3
The present invention is in concrete enforcement, and the CNT lyophilized powder of described water dispersible can also be made by 7 mg CNTs, 15mg sodium lauryl sulphate and 30mg mannitol, and its preparation method is:
It is the lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution of 5mg/ml that CNT 7mg places 3 ml concentration, use cell breakage instrument ultrasonic 9 times through 500w, each 3s, ultrasonic 45 min of ultrasonic washer, through centrifugal 20 min of 6000 rpm, draw the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible.The concentration that records CNT is 1.274 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 184.56 ± 7.25 nm, and Zeta potential is-30.26 ± 2.31 mv;
To add mannitol 30mg in the CNT of above-mentioned water dispersible as freeze drying protectant, 25 ℃ of vibration 25min, stirring is placed on 4h in-20 ℃ of refrigerators, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 12h again;
Take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer to carry out lyophilization 36h rapidly, obtain the dispersive water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder of sodium lauryl sulphate (SDS); Get lyophilized powder and add the water redissolution, the content that records its SWNTs gently after the jolting is 1.273 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 181.67 ± 9.13 nm, and Zeta potential is-30.26 ± 3.20mv; Surveying its SWNTs content behind the placement 48h after redissolving is 1.273 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 182.55 ± 9.24 nm, and Zeta potential is-29.68 ± 2.09 mv; 4 ℃ of placements of lyophilized powder after 6 months, are observed its form and do not changed, and back its SWNTs content of survey that redissolves is 1.273 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 182.90 ± 11.56 nm, and Zeta potential is-31.26 ± 3.16 mv.
When doing above-mentioned experiment, also adopt other surfactants and freeze drying protectant to do similar experiment, all obtained identical and similar result, surperficial component science of the present invention, method is reliable and stable, and other experimental results are enumerated no longer one by one.
The CNT lyophilized powder of water dispersible of the present invention be to CNT as the innovation on the pharmaceutical carrier, have penetration cell and photo-thermal transfer characteristic.It is combined with chemicals, can play the oncotherapy effect that chemotherapy combines with thermotherapy, significantly improve the anti-tumor activity of medicine.The special construction of carbon nano tube surface can combine it with the various active molecule.
With the water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder is carrier, cancer therapy drug Docetaxel is adsorbed in its surface, prepared SWNTs-DTX-NGR, through test, effectively improved the dissolubility of poorly water soluble drugs Docetaxel in water, the drug-carrying molecule enters cell interior, significantly improves the Graft Versus Tumor of Docetaxel;
Through experiment of single factor, be index with carrying drug ratio and envelop rate, the SWNTs-DTX-NGR mean diameter of preparation is 182.8 ± 2.8 nm, Zeta potential is-12.06 ± 0.71 nm;
Through cell pharmacodynamic experiment, PVP
K30Dispersed carbon nano tube tumor cell in vitro toxicity is very low, and SWNTs-DTX-NGR has inhibitory action to the propagation of Human Prostate Cancer Cells, and has the time-concentration dependency.Through the cellular uptake experiment, Human Prostate Cancer Cells inside is arrived in SWNTs-DTX-NGR Transshipment Permitted in 1h;
With the SD rat is animal pattern, adopt the HPLC method to measure the concentration of Docetaxel in rat plasma, studied the SWNTs-DTX-NGR interior medicine dynamics, result and Docetaxel contrast liquid phase ratio, SWNTs-DTX-NGR has certain slow releasing function, and mean residence time is 2 times of contrast liquid;
Through tissue distribution assays, SWNTs-DTX-NGR has increased the drug level in liver, lung, spleen, kidney and the tumor tissues greatly, and the targeting efficiency index shows that SWNTs-DTX-NGR has tangible tumor-targeting, also has certain targeting to liver simultaneously relatively.Press down the tumor experiment in body, SWNTs-DTX-NGR is than the Docetaxel contrast liquid phase therapeutical effect stronger than having.
Prostate gland cancer cell strain with the people is an object, vitro cytotoxicity test through the CNT lyophilized powder, after soon the CNT lyophilized powder will add the water redissolution, be diluted to the carbon nano-tube solution that concentration is 8.2,16.4,32.8,65.5,130.0 μ g/ml with culture medium, with Human Prostate Cancer Cells effect 72h, srb assay detects its cytoactive, tries to achieve IC50=87.787 μ g/ml, shows that CNT lyophilized powder in vitro toxicity is very low.
With the mice is animal pattern, investigates acute toxicity in its body.40 animals are divided into 2 groups at random, i.e. administration group and blank group, 20 every group, male and female half and half.Administration group mice single intraperitoneal injection adds the CNT lyophilized powder after water redissolves, and maximum lumbar injection dosage is 12.86mg/kg, and blank group lumbar injection gives isopyknic normal saline.The administration volume is 20ml/kg.Tight body weight and the general state of animal in 14d of observing changes after the drug withdrawal, and the result shows, compares with the blank group; administration group mice is behind the single-dose about 5min; the performance activity reduces or reposes, and recovers normal activity, visual examination no abnormality seen behind about 0.5h gradually.Mice outward appearance, behavior and urine, excrement Excreta and eye, mouth, nose, anus secretions no abnormality seen are respectively organized in beginning next day to test expiration observation every day behind the self administration of medication.Administration group mice body weight is normal growth after administration, draw after the medicine same day and the administration 3,7,14d mice body weight statistics shows administration group mice body weight and blank group comparison there was no significant difference (P＞0.05).Death does not appear in mice in the experimentation.Cut open each treated animal of inspection behind the 14d, naked eyes are seen the toxic reaction situation of looking into vitals such as mouse core, liver, kidney, lung, brain, spleen, thymus, and Non Apparent Abnormality is found, shown that the CNT lyophilized powder avirulence or the toxicity of water dispersible of the present invention is very little.
The present invention has set up the method for preparing carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder take CNT and medicinal surfactant as raw material, carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder of the present invention does not destroy the characteristic of CNT itself, test result shows, water dispersible is strong, very low to organism toxicity, stability is strong, quality is good, but long preservation is easy to use, preparation condition satisfies easily, raw material sources are abundant, and cost is low, and the CNT suspension particle diameter after the redissolution is even, expection can be used for the transport vehicle of chemicals, protein, nucleic acid, is the greatly innovation in the medicine preparation. The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding useful technique effect:
1) carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder provided by the present invention does not destroy the characteristic of CNT itself, and water dispersible is strong. Preparation condition satisfies easily, and raw material sources are abundant, and cost is low.
2) owing under the state that freezes, carry out drying, the carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder volume of gained, shape invariance, substantially kept original structure, concentration phenomena does not take place, and loose porous, and be spongelike structure, the content of each component does not change after redissolving, small size is evenly distributed, and has reached the front level that gets of freeze-drying.
3) 95～99% moisture is removed in the material in freeze drying, makes prepared carbon nano-tube freeze-dried powder stability strong, and storage life prolongs greatly.
Claims (5)
1. the CNT lyophilized powder of a water dispersible; it is characterized in that; make by CNT, surfactant and freeze drying protectant; the weight ratio of CNT and surfactant is 1:2-10; the weight ratio of CNT and freeze drying protectant is 1:1-10; described surfactant is a kind of of sodium lauryl sulphate, poloxamer 188, soybean lecithin, Polyethylene Glycol stearate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and described freeze drying protectant is one or both a mixture of lactose, sucrose, trehalose, mannitol.
2. the preparation method of the CNT lyophilized powder of the described water dispersible of claim 1 is characterized in that, is realized by following steps:
1) CNT being placed concentration is the aqueous surfactant solution of 2-10mg/ml, through ultrasonic 5-15 time of cell breakage instrument, each 3s, ultrasonic power is 200-600 watt, the ultrasonic 0.5-2h of reuse sonic washing machine, centrifugal, rotating speed is 4000-10000rpm, centrifugation time is 5-30min, draws the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible;
2) add freeze drying protectant in the CNT with above-mentioned water dispersible, 25-30 ℃ of vibration 15-60min, stirring is placed on-20 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled and freezes 2-5h, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 4-12h again;
3) take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer lyophilization 24-48h rapidly.
3. the CNT lyophilized powder of water dispersible according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by described CNT 10 mg, poloxamer 188 21mg and weight ratio are that the freeze drying protectant 50mg of sucrose: lactose=2:1 makes, wherein, it is poloxamer 188 aqueous solutions of 2.1 mg/ml that CNT 10 mg are placed 10 ml concentration, use cell breakage instrument ultrasonic 10 times through 400w, each 3s, ultrasonic 30 min of reuse ultrasonic washer, through centrifugal 15 min of 4000rpm, draw the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible, the concentration of CNT is 0.832mg/ml, and particle diameter is 186.23 ± 12.5 nm; With adding weight ratio in the CNT of above-mentioned water dispersible is the freeze drying protectant 50mg of sucrose: lactose=2:1,25 ℃ of vibration 20min, and stirring is placed on 4h in-20 ℃ of refrigerators, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 8h again; Take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer to carry out lyophilization 24h rapidly, obtain the dispersive water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder of poloxamer.
4. the CNT lyophilized powder of water dispersible according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by described CNT 8 mg, polyvinylpyrrolidone 40mg and trehalose 40mg make, wherein, it is the polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution of 10 mg/ml that CNT 8mg is placed 4 ml concentration, use cell breakage instrument ultrasonic 15 times through 600w, each 3s, ultrasonic 30 min of ultrasonic washer, through centrifugal 15 min of 4000 rpm, draw the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible, the concentration of CNT is 0.724 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 177.23 ± 9.43 nm; To add trehalose 40mg in the CNT of above-mentioned water dispersible, 30 ℃ of vibration 30min, stirring is placed on 3h in-20 ℃ of refrigerators, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 10h again; Take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer to carry out lyophilization 24h rapidly, obtain the dispersive water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
5. the CNT lyophilized powder of water dispersible according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, make by described CNT 7 mg, sodium lauryl sulphate 15mg and mannitol 30mg, wherein, it is the lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution of 5mg/ml that CNT 7mg is placed 3 ml concentration, use cell breakage instrument ultrasonic 9 times through 500w, each 3s, ultrasonic 45 min of ultrasonic washer, through centrifugal 20 min of 6000 rpm, draw the CNT that supernatant gets water dispersible, the concentration of CNT is 1.274 mg/ml, and particle diameter is 184.56 ± 7.25 nm; To add mannitol 30mg in the CNT of above-mentioned water dispersible, 25 ℃ of vibration 25min, stirring is placed on 4h in-20 ℃ of refrigerators, places-80 ℃ of refrigerator and cooled to freeze 12h again; Take out through refrigerated water decentralized carbon nano-tube above-mentioned, place freezer dryer to carry out lyophilization 36h rapidly, obtain the dispersive water decentralized carbon nano-tube lyophilized powder of sodium lauryl sulphate.
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| EP3372557A4 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-12-05 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Carbon nanotube structure and method for manufacturing same |
| CN109985579A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2019-07-09 | 天津城建大学 | Mesoporous-micropore carbon nanotube-montmorillonite Composite aerogel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110894068A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2020-03-20 | 江苏天奈科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of easily-dispersible carbon nanotube powder and carbon nanotube powder |
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