CN102212971A - Method for processing straw through plasma - Google Patents
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- CN102212971A CN102212971A CN 201110053193 CN201110053193A CN102212971A CN 102212971 A CN102212971 A CN 102212971A CN 201110053193 CN201110053193 CN 201110053193 CN 201110053193 A CN201110053193 A CN 201110053193A CN 102212971 A CN102212971 A CN 102212971A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for processing straw through low-temperature plasma, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly placing the straw into a plasma generator, introducing working gas, performing discharge at low air pressure or atmospheric pressure so as to form the low-temperature plasma, and bombarding the straw through the plasma; and soaking the straw which is bombarded by the plasma into a diluted alkaline water solution, and processing for getting lignocellulose. The pre-processing process is simple, the cellulose loss is low, the produced cellulose can be saccharified easily, and waste water can be avoided almost. Prepared saccharificaion solution does not inhibit follow-up fermentation, can be used for producing ethanol, butanol, butyric acid, lactic acid and other chemical products by virtue of fermentation, and can also be directly used for preparing feed sugar or feed protein and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lignocellulose preprocessing technical field, is specifically related to a kind of method of Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of World Economics, the energy and environmental problem become increasingly conspicuous.This just makes people's sight more and more transfer to the development and use of regenerative resource and living beings chemicals, the famous magazine USA Today of the U.S. pointed out once that " field-crop might replace oil gradually became the material source of acquisition from fuel to plastics, and perhaps ' dark fund ' can be replaced by ' green gold '." at present, bio-fuel all is to be prepared as raw material with grain mostly, causes the in short supply of grain, rise in price, the researcher drops into lignocellulose-like biomass to sight one after another as the raw material of producing bio-fuel.And this type of raw material is because the existence of lignin; complex structure; make its antienzyme hydrolysis; and protective plant is avoided the attack of insect and microorganism; so conversion ratio is lower; therefore adopting rational preprocess method to remove lignin, destroy its obstinate and complicated structure, is to realize that lignocellulose changes into the breach of bio-fuel and other chemical products.
Though can utilize the method for microbial fermentation product enzymatic degradation such as white-rot fungi to remove lignin, it is oversize that this method is handled cycle, is not suitable for the suitability for industrialized production of living beings chemicals such as stalk ethanol.At present, but in order to remove lignin and to obtain the lignocellulose of saccharification, the more of usefulness is acid hydrolyzation and gas explosion method.(the open date: 2007.6.27) propose a kind of improved high temperature acidolysis method, direct quick lime neutralisation treatment is carried out the cellulose hydrolyzation saccharification to Japan publication JP2007151433 again without organic solvent; But require still very high to equipment and production operation up to the dilute acid hydrolysis under 140～220 ℃ of temperature.Xu Guangming (the open date 2008.08.13 of Chinese patent CN200710003394) adopts the method for several acid and alkali lye coupling, wherein, inorganic acid system adopts the concentrated sulfuric acid later stage to adopt the salt acid treatment in earlier stage, and organic acid system adopts processing such as formic acid, acetate, trichloroacetic acid; But very easily produce straw-carbonized problem with concentrated sulfuric acid processing, and used acid or organic acid all need the acid recovery treatment process because of the immersion that is used for stalk; But the acid recovery process loss is bigger, and needs the wastewater flow rate of processing big.There are ammonia blasting procedure and the process engineering research Chen Hong of water vapour blasting procedure Chinese Academy of Sciences chapter etc. (the open date 2007.7.18 of Chinese patent CN100999739A) to invent " method of stalk is handled in steam blasting and alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation coupling " in the gas explosion method of having reported, the method wastewater flow rate is little, process is simple, but the water vapour blasting procedure need consume lot of energy, and equipment investment is big.
Yao Risheng etc. (the open date 2009.9.23 of Chinese patent CN101538597A) have invented " preprocess method of sulfur trioxide etching explosion rice straw ", the easy saccharification of cellulose that the method preprocessing process is simple, consumption of raw and auxiliary materials is low, produce, almost do not have waste water, have very big development prospect.
In recent years, the plasma technique development rapidly, its high-temperature plasma studies show that aspect coal, natural gas pyrolysis system acetylene and the papermaking thick black liquid processing: plasma is not only as heat carrier, and can participate in pyrolysis, product exists with solid phase and gas phase form, therefore, plasma is used for pyrolysis and produces synthesis gas.Increase upright grade the (the open date 2003.5.28 of Chinese patent CN1420155A) as Zhao of Guangzhou energy institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and use hydrogen, CH
4Or water vapour is ionized into high-temperature plasma in dc arc plasma generator, pyrolysis of gasified bio-matter is produced synthesis gas, this method improves gasification efficiency and gas grade, thoroughly eliminate tar, but the high-temperature plasma temperature that forms is higher, energy consumption is big, and the gas componant after the gasification is unfixing, the separation and purification difficulty; Chinese patent application (90101614.4) then adopts nitrogen, nitrogen hydrogen mixeding gas as working gas, black liquor is directly sprayed into carry out pyrolysis in the plasma flame district, obtains pressed powder and fuel gas.
And that low temperature plasma has is easy to operate, process velocity is fast, treatment effect good, environmental pollution is little, advantage such as energy-conservation, therefore is widely used in macromolecule material surface modification is handled.It can make organic and inorganic material just surface functionization, preparation organic and inorganic nanoparticles and plasma sterilization lamp.Invented the novel plastic that combines formation with the carbon fiber behind the plasma modification as Huang Guangfu (the open date 2004.6.2 of Chinese patent CN1500839A), make it surface-functionalized by the Cement Composite Treated by Plasma carbon fiber, solved carbon fiber combines difficulty with plastics problem.Old equality people (Surface ﹠amp; Coatings Technology, 2008,202 (20): 4986-4991.) utilize jet oxygen plasma treatment heteroaromatic polyamide to find, the fiber surface oxygen content 11%～13% is increased to 15%～20% when being untreated, the polar functional mass contg has also increased nearly 35%～43%, this has shown that oxygen plasma treatment is at a large amount of active function groups of fiber surface introducing, thereby can form the wettability that covalent bond has improved fiber surface well, improve the adhesion strength of itself and resin.(Plasma Chemistry Plasma Processing such as Kanazawa S, 2005,25 (4): 4272437.) designed atmosphere pressure glow discharge (APG) plasma reaction device, successfully prepare polyethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene film, fundamentally solved the ageing problem of macromolecule surface modification.
The present invention adopts low temperature plasma and the collaborative preprocessing lignocellulose biolobic material of sig water, again through producing cellulose sugar with cellulase degradation.The low temperature plasma that is adopted can effectively be avoided the influence of high-temperature plasma to stalk overall structure and pattern, just make its internal structure that certain variation has taken place, make it be easier to separation and purification and obtain single constituent, improved the bioavailability of stalk.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method that adopts the Low Temperature Plasma Treating stalk, adopt the collaborative preprocessing lignocellulose biolobic material of low temperature plasma and sig water, again through producing cellulose sugar with cellulase degradation.The low temperature plasma that is adopted can effectively be avoided the influence of high-temperature plasma to stalk overall structure and pattern, just make its internal structure that certain variation has taken place, make it be easier to separation and purification and obtain single constituent, improved the bioavailability of stalk.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows for achieving the above object:
A kind of method of Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: carry out as follows:
A, at first with the stalk section of cutting into shape or flour shape;
B, section shape stalk or flour shape after will shearing are put in the plasma generator, feed working gas, under 5Pa-101.3 * 103Pa, open the jet electric discharge device then, discharge process 5 seconds-30 minutes;
C, the stalk that step b is crossed by Low Temperature Plasma Treating place sig water to soak, and soak time is 1～8 hour, and soaking temperature is 0～100 ℃, and the mass volume ratio of stalk and sig water is 1: (5～30) g/mL;
After d, immersion finish, the elimination sig water, and the material that washing filtering goes out promptly gets lignocellulose to neutral.
The method of described Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: among the step b, described working gas is selected from the gaseous mixture of argon gas, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, airborne one or more mixing formation.
The method of described Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: described plasma can be plasma under the atmospheric pressure or the plasma under the low pressure.
The method of described Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: among the step b, described plasma can be nonequilibrium plasma or low temperature plasma; Described discharge type is selected from a kind of in glow discharge, corona discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, radio frequency discharge, slip arc discharge, the jet discharge.
The method of described Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: among the step c, the concentration of described sig water is 0.01～1mol/L, and used alkali is selected from NaOH NaOH, potassium hydroxide KOH, limewash Ca (OH)
2, a kind of in the ammoniacal liquor.
The method of described Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: described stalk is selected from one or more in straw, rice husk, wheat straw, corn stalk, corncob, sorghum stalks, rape straw, peanut stems, peanut shell, weeds, bark, the wood chip.
The present invention adopts low temperature plasma and the synergistic integrated approach of sig water, and lignocellulosic material is carried out preliminary treatment, utilizes cellulose hydrolyzation then.Wherein, physical change comprises: energetic plasma is to the bombardment effect on stalk surface and heat effect and the physical change that takes place; Chemical reaction comprises: the active particle of plasma has formed free radical in stalk, the reaction that takes place in the dilute alkaline aqueous solution processing procedure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The inventive method compared with prior art, whole preprocessing process has been avoided the high temperature high pressure process process, consumption of raw materials is low, pollutes little; The stalk cellulose loss late is low, lignin is peeled off the rate height, is easy to saccharification, has improved the bioavailability of stalk.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, be evacuated down to pressure 5Pa, feed the working gas argon gas; Glow discharge was handled 20 minutes; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 61.9 grams (dry weight), it is 58% that lignin is peeled off rate; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar again, select the 50FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 24 hours, cessation reaction is extracted saccharification liquid, gets (amounting to) reducing sugar 54.2 grams.
Embodiment 2: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, feed the working gas argon gas; Then, 100Pa, dielectric barrier discharge 1 minute; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 59.5 grams (dry weight), it is 51.4% that lignin is peeled off rate; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar again, select the 50FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 24 hours, cessation reaction is extracted saccharification liquid, gets (amounting to) reducing sugar 52.2 grams.
Embodiment 3: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, be evacuated down to pressure 10Pa, feed the working gas argon gas; Open the jet electric discharge device then, handled 10 minutes; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 57.6 grams (dry weight), it is 61% that lignin is peeled off rate; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar again, select the 50FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 24 hours, cessation reaction is extracted saccharification liquid, gets (amounting to) reducing sugar 50.8 grams.
Reference example (SO
3Handle the method for rice straw): rice straw is crushed to the 20-80 order, gets 100 grams, put in the flask of 500mL, water-bath feeds 20%v/v sulfur trioxide and air gas mixture down to pressure of the inside of a bottle≤0.1MPa for 70 ℃, is incubated 2 hours; Then, under 70 ℃, handled 3 hours, get lignocellulose 53g (dry weight) with sig water; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar again, select the 30FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 6,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 36 hours, cessation reaction is extracted saccharification liquid, gets (amounting to) reducing sugar 49 grams.
Embodiment 4: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, feed working gas oxygen; Then, under normal pressure, dielectric barrier discharge was handled 15 minutes; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 51.5 grams (dry weight), the rate of peeling off of lignin is 65%; Utilize saccharomycete liquid state fermentation 5 days in 30 ℃, the shaking table of 180r/min again, single cell protein 10.3 grams.
Embodiment 5: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, be evacuated down to pressure 10Pa, feed the working gas argon gas; Open glow discharge device then, handled 1 minute; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 56.2 grams (dry weight), it is 51.9% that lignin is peeled off rate; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar earlier, select the 50FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 24 hours, cessation reaction, transfer pH to neutral, use saccharomycete liquid state fermentation 2 days in 30 ℃, the shaking table of 180r/min again, single cell protein 18.3 grams.
Embodiment 6: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, be evacuated down to pressure 10Pa, feed the working gas argon gas; Open the radio frequency discharge device then, handled 15 seconds; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 57.5 grams (dry weight), it is 56.2% that lignin is peeled off rate; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar earlier, select the 50FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 24 hours, cessation reaction, transfer pH to neutral, use saccharomycete liquid state fermentation 2 days in 30 ℃, the shaking table of 180r/min again, single cell protein 17.7 grams.
Reference example: rice straw is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, gets 100 grams, utilize saccharomycete liquid state fermentation 5 days in 30 ℃, the shaking table of 180r/min, single cell protein 4.8 grams.
Embodiment 7: rice straw is crushed to 20～80 orders, gets 100 grams, put in the plasma generator, be evacuated down to pressure 30Pa, feed the working gas argon gas; Open glow discharge device then, handled 1 minute; Then, handled 5 hours with the 0.5mol/L sig water down at 50 ℃, get lignocellulose 55.4 grams (dry weight), it is 64% that lignin is peeled off rate; Utilize the cellulase of Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) ZY-1 solid state fermentation production to carry out glycosylated degradation product reducing sugar again, select the 50FPIU/g substrate for use, solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8,50 ℃ of following glycosylated degradations 24 hours, cessation reaction is extracted saccharification liquid, gets (amounting to) reducing sugar 50.2 grams.
Embodiment 8: the wheat straw stalk is trimmed to 0.5～2 centimetre, and all the other are operated with example 1, get lignocellulose 68.7% (dry weight), and the rate of peeling off of lignin is 53.5%; (amounting to) reducing sugar 45.7 grams.
Embodiment 9: corn stalk powder is crushed to 20～80 orders, and all the other are operated with example 7, get (amounting to) reducing sugar 51.2 grams.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk is characterized in that: carry out as follows:
A, at first with the stalk section of cutting into shape or flour shape;
B, section shape or flour shape stalk after will shearing are put in the plasma generator, feed working gas, then, under 5Pa-101.3 * 103Pa, open the jet electric discharge device, discharge process 5 seconds-30 minutes;
C, the stalk that step b is crossed by Low Temperature Plasma Treating place sig water to soak, and soak time is 1～8 hour, and soaking temperature is 0～100 ℃, and the mass volume ratio of stalk and sig water is 1: (5～30) g/mL;
After d, immersion finish, the elimination sig water, and the material that washing filtering goes out promptly gets lignocellulose to neutral.
2. the method for Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step b, described working gas is selected from the gaseous mixture of argon gas, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, airborne one or more mixing formation.
3. the method for Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described plasma can be plasma under the atmospheric pressure or the plasma under the low pressure.
4. the method for Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step b, described plasma is nonequilibrium plasma or low temperature plasma; Described discharge type is selected from a kind of in glow discharge, corona discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, radio frequency discharge, slip arc discharge, the jet discharge.
5. the method for Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: among the step c, the concentration of described sig water is 0.01～1mol/L, and used alkali is selected from NaOH NaOH, potassium hydroxide KOH, limewash Ca (OH)
2, a kind of in the ammoniacal liquor.
6. the method for Cement Composite Treated by Plasma stalk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stalk is selected from one or more in straw, rice husk, wheat straw, corn stalk, corncob, sorghum stalks, rape straw, peanut stems, peanut shell, weeds, bark, the wood chip.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103804940A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 福建农林大学 | Atmospheric pressure cold plasma modifying method for plant fiber and application of modifying method in wood-plastic composite material |
| CN105032362A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-11-11 | 中霖中科环境科技（安徽）股份有限公司 | Method of adsorbing printing and dyeing waste water with straw after plasma treatment |
| CN105296569A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-03 | 南京林业大学 | Method for pretreating lignocellulose by utilizing cold plasmas |
| CN106079012A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing steam dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN106113208A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing acrylic monomers dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN107058424A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of lignocellulose pretreatment method |
| CN107415018A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽月娇家具有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of waterproof stalk board for automobile sound absorption |
| CN108410915A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-17 | 东华大学 | Promote the method that debirs prepare lactic acid using the fermentation of low temperature plasma electricity |
| CN108624498A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-09 | 东华大学 | The device of lactic acid is prepared using low temperature plasma promotion organic waste anaerobic fermentation |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103804940A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-21 | 福建农林大学 | Atmospheric pressure cold plasma modifying method for plant fiber and application of modifying method in wood-plastic composite material |
| CN105032362A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-11-11 | 中霖中科环境科技（安徽）股份有限公司 | Method of adsorbing printing and dyeing waste water with straw after plasma treatment |
| CN105296569A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-03 | 南京林业大学 | Method for pretreating lignocellulose by utilizing cold plasmas |
| CN107058424A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of lignocellulose pretreatment method |
| CN106079012A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing steam dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN106113208A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of method utilizing acrylic monomers dielectric barrier discharge plasma to strengthen agricultural crop straw glue performance |
| CN107415018A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽月娇家具有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of waterproof stalk board for automobile sound absorption |
| CN108410915A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-08-17 | 东华大学 | Promote the method that debirs prepare lactic acid using the fermentation of low temperature plasma electricity |
| CN108624498A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-09 | 东华大学 | The device of lactic acid is prepared using low temperature plasma promotion organic waste anaerobic fermentation |
| CN108624498B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2022-05-27 | 东华大学 | Device for promoting anaerobic fermentation of organic waste to prepare lactic acid by utilizing low-temperature plasma |
| CN108410915B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2022-07-15 | 东华大学 | Method for promoting organic waste to prepare lactic acid by low-temperature plasma electric fermentation |
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