Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of cantharidin and the purposes of derivant in the preparation sensitization medicament for tumour chemotherapy thereof, is used to strengthen the sensitivity of tumor to medicine.
Cantharidin involved in the present invention and derivant thereof have following general formula:
R wherein
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is O, Y is O (cantharidin);
Or R
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
3, Y is O (N-methylcantharidimide)
Or R
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-OH, Y is O (N-hydroxycantharidin)
Or R
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is (ONa) 2, Y is O (disodium cantharidinate)
Or R
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is (OH)
2, Y is O (Cantharidic acid .);
Or R
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is (OH)
2, Y is H
2(deoxidation Cantharidic acid .)
Or R
1Be CH
3, R
2Be CH
2, X is S, Y is O (a thia cantharidin).
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is O, Y is O (norcantharidin);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH, X is O, and Y is O (dehydronorcantharidiimide is plain);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is O, Y is H
2(nor-deoxidation cantharidin);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
3, Y is O (a demethyl cantharidimide);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
2CH
2OH, Y are O (the nor-cantharidimide of hydroxyethyl);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
2CH
2OCH
3, Y is O (the nor-cantharidimide of methoxy ethyl);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
2CH
2OCH
2CH
2OH, Y are O (the nor-cantharidimide of hydroxyl ethylene glycol ethyl);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
2CH
2OCH
2CH
2OCH
3, Y is O (the nor-cantharidimide of Propylene Glycol ethyl);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is HN-CH
2CH
2OCH
2CH
2OCH
3(OH), Y is O (the nor-Mylabris amic acid of Propylene Glycol ethyl);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH
2CO-NHCH
2COOH, Y are O (the nor-cantharidimide of glycine dipeptidase);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is HN-CH
2CO-NHCH
2CO (OH)
2, Y is O (the nor-Mylabris amino acid of glycine dipeptidase);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is (OH)
2, Y is H
2(nor-deoxidation Cantharidic acid .);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is N-CH (R)-COOH, Y is O (an aminoacid demethyl cantharidimide);
Or R
1Be H, R
2Be CH
2, X is (ONa) 2, Y is O (Injectio natarii norcantharidatis).
Cantharidin of the present invention and derivant thereof comprise cantharidin; N-methylcantharidimide; N-hydroxycantharidin; Disodium cantharidinate; Norcantharidin; Dehydronorcantharidiimide is plain; Nor-deoxidation cantharidin; Cantharidic acid.; The deoxidation Cantharidic acid.; Nor-deoxidation Cantharidic acid.; The thia cantharidin; Nor-cantharidimide; The nor-cantharidimide of hydroxyethyl; The nor-cantharidimide of methoxy ethyl; The nor-cantharidimide of aminoacid; The nor-cantharidimide of hydroxyl ethylene glycol ethyl; The nor-cantharidimide of Propylene Glycol ethyl; The nor-Mylabris amino acid of glycine dipeptidase; Injectio natarii norcantharidatis; The nor-cantharidimide of glycine dipeptidase etc.
Thereby cantharidin involved in the present invention and derivant thereof are all through suppressing the expression performance chemotherapy sensitizing effect of MDRG MDR1.
The chemotherapy sensitizing purposes and the Mechanism Study thereof of cantharidin of the present invention and derivant thereof are carried out through following method:
1. the acquisition of cantharidin and derivant thereof
Cantharidin and derivant thereof can prepare through the commodity purchasing acquisition or through following method:
The cantharidin method for preparing is seen patent 200610040991.1.
The N-methylcantharidimide method for preparing is seen patent 200410067589.3.
The disodium cantharidinate method for preparing is seen patent 200410052938.4.
The method for preparing of norcantharidin is seen Diels, O., Alder, K.Chem.Ber., 1929,62,554.
The Injectio natarii norcantharidatis method for preparing is seen patent 200510045564.8.
Cantharidimide and the nor-cantharidimide of nor-cantharidimide derivant hydroxyethyl, the nor-cantharidimide of methoxy ethyl, the nor-cantharidimide of aminoacid, the nor-cantharidimide of hydroxyl ethylene glycol ethyl, the nor-cantharidimide of Propylene Glycol ethyl, the nor-Mylabris amino acid of glycine dipeptidase, the nor-cantharidimide method for preparing of glycine dipeptidase are seen patent 200310116882.X.
The method for preparing of dehydronorcantharidiimide element, nor-deoxidation cantharidin, Cantharidic acid. or thia cantharidin is seen patent 200510033897.9.
2. multidrug resistance cell strain induces
Respectively human liver cancer cell HepG2, human leukemia cell K562, human colon cancer cell LoVo cell, human breast cancer cell MCF-7, human lung cancer cell A549, gastric carcinoma cells SGC7901, ovarian cancer SKOV3, cervical cancer Hela, renal carcinoma 786-0 or the carcinoma of prostate PC-3 of debita spissitudo is inoculated in 6 orifice plates and cultivates; Add the ADM that final concentration is 0.05 μ g/ml next day; Every liquid that changed at a distance from 2-3 days, the while increases the concentration of ADM gradually; Mortality can appear in cell after dosing 2-3 time, and still visible small amounts of cells is adherent, continues to increase progressively gradually the concentration of ADM, forms one cell clone until the attached cell of remnants; Treating that cell forms big clone, with pancreatin cell dissociation is got off, be uniformly dispersed, continue to add ADM and induce, can be among the ADM of 2 μ g/ml at final concentration until cell, go down to posterity normally, frozen and the recovery.Induce more than 8 months,, keep the drug resistance character of cell with the ADM of 1 μ g/ml.
3. the evaluation of multidrug resistance cell strain
Inoculate sensitive cells and mdr cell respectively in 96 orifice plates, cell density is 5 * 10
4Individual/ml;
Dosing next day, the Concentraton gradient of amycin is: 30,3,0.3,0.03,0.003 μ g/ml; The Concentraton gradient of vincristine is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml; The Concentraton gradient of paclitaxel is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml; The Concentraton gradient of 5-FU is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml, and medicine all carries out doubling dilution with the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, and negative group adds the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, establishes 3 multiple holes for every group, and the administration volume is 100 μ l/ holes; Cell is containing 5% CO
237 ℃ of incubators continue to cultivate 44h after, every hole adds 20 μ lMTT (5mg/ml), continues to cultivate 4h; Supernatant is abandoned in suction, and every hole adds 100 μ lDMSO, and on ELIASA, vibration 600s detects the OD value at 570nm place, and calculates suppression ratio, suppression ratio=(the absorbance average of the absorbance average/matched group of 1-experimental group) * 100%; More than the independent experiment triplicate, experimental data is all calculated IC with the SPSS statistical software
50Value, and calculate the drug resistance multiple (IC of drug resistance multiple=persister
50The IC of value/sensitive strain
50Value).The result is shown in table 1-10, and the multidrug resistance cell strain of various tumor cell lines is induced successfully.
? 4. Cantharidin and its derivatives nontoxic doses of detection
Inoculate L02, HepG2, HepG2/ADM and 293T cell respectively in 96 orifice plates, cell density is 5 * 10
4Individual/ml; Dosing next day; The Concentraton gradient of cantharidin and derivant thereof is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml, and medicine all carries out doubling dilution with the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, and negative group adds the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS; Establish 3 multiple holes for every group, the administration volume is 100 μ l/ holes; Cell is containing 5% CO
237 ℃ of incubators continue to cultivate 44h after, every hole adds 20 μ l MTT (5mg/ml, PBS joins), continues to cultivate 4h; Supernatant is abandoned in suction, and every hole adds 100 μ l DMSO, on ELIASA, and vibration 600s, the OD value at detection 570nm place; More than the independent experiment triplicate, experimental data is all calculated IC with the SPSS statistical software
10Value, the drug level that the cell survival more than 90% is arranged is nontoxic or low toxicity dosage, confirms the working concentration of medicine for subsequent experimental.The result sees table 11.
5. cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the chemotherapy sensitizing effect of multidrug resistance tumor cells strain
(1) to the chemotherapy sensitizing effect of drug-resistant cell strain
Inoculate sensitive cells and mdr cell respectively in 96 orifice plates, cell density is 5 * 10
4Individual/ml; Dosing next day, the Concentraton gradient of amycin is: 30,3,0.3,0.03,0.003 μ g/ml; It is high, medium and low three dose groups that cantharidin and derivant thereof are got 2 μ g/ml, 1 μ g/ml, 0.5 μ g/ml respectively; Medicine all carries out doubling dilution with the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS; Negative group adds the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, establishes 3 multiple holes for every group, and the administration volume is 100 μ l/ holes; Cell is containing 5% CO
237 ℃ of incubators continue to cultivate 44h after, every hole adds 20 μ l MTT (5mg/ml), continues to cultivate 4h; Supernatant is abandoned in suction, and every hole adds 100 μ l DMSO, on ELIASA, and vibration 600s, the OD value at detection 570nm place; More than the independent experiment triplicate, experimental data is all calculated IC with the SPSS statistical software
50Value, and calculate drug resistance reversal fold, reverse the IC of the preceding persister of multiple=administration
50The IC of persister after the value/administration
50Value.The result shows; Cantharidin that the present invention mentioned and derivant thereof comprise that to the kinds of tumors drug-resistant cell strain human liver cancer cell HepG2, human leukemia cell K562, human colon cancer cell LoVo cell, human breast cancer cell MCF-7, human lung cancer cell A549, gastric carcinoma cells SGC7901, ovarian cancer SKOV3, cervical cancer Hela, renal carcinoma 786-0 or carcinoma of prostate PC-3 all have drug resistance inversion effect in various degree.Sensitizer when therefore, above-claimed cpd can be used as tumor pharmacother uses.
(2) chemotherapy sensitization in the body
With 5 * 10
6Individual drug-resistant tumor cell inoculation is subcutaneous in the right axil of BALB/c (nu/nu) nude mice.3 days began the lumbar injection amycin 2 mg/kg/ days behind tumor inoculation, cantharidin group intravenous injection cantharidin or derivatives thereof, and dosage is 1.5 mg/kg, every day 1 time, totally 10 times, experimental group is then injected amycin and cantharidin or derivatives thereof simultaneously.Put to death animal after 30 days, strip tumor and weigh, calculate tumour inhibiting rate, tumour inhibiting rate (the %)=average tumor of (it is heavy that average tumor is organized in the average tumor weight-treatment of tumor matched group)/tumor matched group heavy * 100.The result shows that the tumour inhibiting rate of injecting amycin and cantharidin group simultaneously is far longer than amycin group and cantharidin group tumour inhibiting rate sum.
Conclusion:
In view of cantharidin, N-methylcantharidimide, disodium cantharidinate, N-hydroxycantharidin and nor-cantharidimide all have drug resistance inversion effect preferably; Be in their structures common ground the performance this effect; Other has the cantharidin derivative of this common structure; It is active to have identical drug resistance inversion, can be used as sensitization medicament for tumour chemotherapy.
6. cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the Mechanism Study of multi-medicine tolerant reversal effect
(1) cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the influence of MDR1 promoter activity
Press the said method of document (Maitra R; Halpin PA; Karlson KH. et al. Differential effects of mitomycin C and doxorubicin on P-glycoprotein expression. Biochem. J. 2001; 355,617-624.) angle and get the MDR1 promoter and be cloned among the pGL3-Basic, thereby construct the pGL3-MDR1-pro reporter plasmid.
In transfection the previous day, mdr cell is inoculated in 24 orifice plates, inoculum density is about 50-60%; Treat to begin when cell reaches 70-80% transfection.During transfection; Change liquid (every hole adds 0.5ml 10% DMEM) at first for the cell in 24 orifice plates; With calcium chloride solution mixing DNA, be about among the calcium chloride 12.5 μ l of 0.375 μ g DNA (0.25 μ g purpose plasmid+0.125 μ g is with reference to plasmid) adding respective volume mixing then.Calcium chloride behind the mixing-DNA mixed liquor is added dropwise in the 12.5 μ l BBS solution abundant mixing, room temperature held 20 minutes.At last BBS-calcium chloride-DNA mixture 25 μ l are added in 24 orifice plates, front and back vibrate gently, make its uniform distribution, and place 37 ℃, 5%CO2 incubator continuation cultivation.After cultivating 6h, inhale and remove culture fluid in the hole, add the fresh complete medium of 2ml, with cell mixing, counting, be laid in 96 orifice plates after the overnight incubation.Inhale behind the 24h and go culture medium, add the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, in this culture medium, add the cantharidin or derivatives thereof again, making its final concentration is 1 μ g/ml, does contrast with solvent DMSO simultaneously.After continuing to cultivate 24h, cell lysis is surveyed uciferase activity.
Utilize Luciferase Reporter Assay System and FluoStar Optima to detect the uciferase activity of transfectional cell lysate.Get 45 μ L cell pyrolysis liquids; The Assay Cocktail reagent that adds 5 μ L; Add 100 μ Luciferin reactant liquors behind the mixing; Utilize FluoStar Optima instrument to survey the fluorescence counting of 2s, this counting has reflected the activity level of research plasmid reporter gene expression LUC Photinus pyralis LUC Photinus pyralis FL (firefly luciferase).Other gets 20 μ L cell pyrolysis liquids; Add 37.5 μ L β-gal Buffer, add 12.5 μ L ONPG (6mg/mL) again, place 30min for 37 ℃ behind the mixing; Utilize ELIASA to survey the absorption value under the 450nm, this value has reflected that confidential reference items plasmid pCMV-β expresses the activity level of beta galactosidase.(ratio of the activity of β-gal) has been rejected the difference of sample transfection efficiency, more objectively the difference of promoter activity between reflected sample for the activity of LUC Photinus pyralis LUC Photinus pyralis FL (firefly luciferase) and beta galactosidase.The luciferase relative activity of different samples calculates with following formula.
The result is as shown in Figure 2, and cantharidin that the present invention is mentioned and derivant thereof all can suppress the activity of MDRG MDR1 promoter to some extent.
(2) cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the influence of MDR1 gene encoding production P-gp expression
Sensitive cells and mdr cell are laid on 6 orifice plates respectively, and adding final concentration after 24 hours is cantharidin and the derivant thereof of 1 μ g/ml, continuation effect 24 hours.With PBS washing 3 times, every hole (6 orifice plate) adds 200 μ l lysate (50mM Tris-HCl (pH7.5), 150mM NaCl, 1mM NaF, 0.5% NP-40, the Aprotinin of 2 μ g/ml with cell; 1mM PMSF), acts on 30 minutes on ice, whenever rocked cell plates, so that the abundant cracking of cell at a distance from 5 minutes.Behind centrifugal 10 minutes of the 15000rpm, supernatant is moved into EP pipe, be placed in after packing-80 ℃ frozen subsequent use.Take out a pipe during electrophoresis and add 4 * albumen sample-loading buffer, boiled 10 minutes, refrigeration on ice, instantaneous centrifugal, last appearance electrophoresis.
Preparation is changeed the film buffer and in 4 ℃ of pre-coolings.Pvdf membrane is soaked 40sec with methanol, and being soaked in after the taking-up changes subsequent use in the film buffer.Change the film buffer with putting in the square plate, under liquid level, carry out the installation of membrane-transferring device.And membrane-transferring device put into electrophoresis tank, and pouring into and change the film buffer, 55V takes out pvdf membrane after changeing film 3h, with membrane marker positive and negative and electrophoresis direction.Wash pvdf membrane 5 minutes 2 times with TBST (0.2% Tween20), 4 ℃ of sealings of the defatted milk powder of reuse 5% are spent the night.Use TBST (0.2% Tween20) to get express developed afterwards 2 times, wash again 15 minutes 1 time, 5 minutes 4 times (all being put in when washing film on the shaking table, as follows).1G2 (2.5mg/ml) with after TBST (0.2% Tween20) the 1:500 dilution, is together packed in the hybridization bag with pvdf membrane, and 37 ℃ of shaking tables are hatched 2h.Take out pvdf membrane, get express developed 2 times, wash 5 minutes 4 times again 15 minutes 1 time with TBST (0.2% Tween20).Two anti-HRP-goat anti-mouse (0.8mg/ml) with after TBST (0.2% Tween20) the 1:2000 dilution, are together packed in the hybridization bag with pvdf membrane, and 37 ℃ of shaking tables are hatched 1h.Take out pvdf membrane, get express developed 2 times, wash 10 minutes 4 times again 15 minutes 1 time with TBST (0.2% Tween20).Pvdf membrane is taken into the darkroom ECL colour developing.The result is as shown in Figure 3, and cantharidin that the present invention mentioned and derivant thereof all can reduce the expression of P-gp in the persister to some extent.
(3) cantharidin and derivant thereof influence to accumulating in the amycin cell
Because amycin has autofluorescence, therefore can utilize this character directly to detect the content of amycin in the cell with flow cytometer.
Sensitive cells and mdr cell are laid on 6 orifice plates respectively, and adding final concentration after 24 hours is the cantharidin or derivatives thereof of 2 μ g/ml, cultivates 1h for 37 ℃, washes cell with PBS, trypsinization, and collecting cell, and analyze with flow cytometer.The result is as shown in Figure 4, and cantharidin can increase amycin accumulating in mdr cell, thereby performance chemotherapy sensitizing effect infers that other cantharidin derivatives also bring into play the chemotherapy sensitizing effect through same mechanism.
Pharmaceutical composition and Therapeutic Method
The method of pharmaceutical composition and treatment people's MDR gene-correlation disease such as tumor multi-medicine drug-resistant etc. is also within scope of the present invention.Said pharmaceutical composition comprises cantharidin of the present invention and the derivant and the pharmaceutically suitable carrier of treating effective dose." pharmaceutically suitable carrier " comprises solvent, dispersant (dispersion medium), coating (a coating), antibacterium and antifungal and isotonic agent (isotonic agent) and absorption delay agent (absorption delaying agent) etc.
Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be processed the various pharmaceutical dosage forms that are adapted to different way of administration through traditional method.For example, it can be made into oral capsule, gel seal or tablet.Capsule can comprise pharmaceutically acceptable material such as gelatin, the cellulose etc. of any standard.Tablet can be about to pharmaceutical composition and solid phase carrier and lubricant compression by traditional method and make.Said solid phase carrier comprises starch and sugared bentonite (sugar bentonite).Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention also can be made into duricrust tablet (hard shell tablet) or comprises the capsule of binding agent (binder) like lactose or mannitol, conventional filler and tableting agent.Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention also can pass through the parenteral route administration.The parenteral route form of administration comprise pharmaceutical composition of the present invention water preparation, etc. open the sugar juice of saline solution or 5% and the preparation that forms with other pharmaceutically acceptable excipient well known in the art.Cyclodextrin or other chaotropic agents known in those skilled in the art all can be used as pharmaceutical excipient and come submission pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
Briefly say; Cantharidin of the present invention and derivant thereof can be hanged and be dissolved in pharmaceutically suitable carrier (like physiological solution); Administered through oral or venous transfusion, or through under subcutaneous, the flesh, in intrathoracic, the intraperitoneal, internal rectum, intravaginal, intranasal, gastric, air flue, administrations such as pulmonary injection or transfusion.
The influence that the selection of dosage form receives route of administration, preparation type, patient's (sick kind, the state of an illness, the bodily form, body weight, body surface area, age, sex), medicine influences each other and accept many factors such as diagnosis of doctor for medical treatment.The preparation amount ranges that is suitable for is 0.01~100.00mg/kg.Amount ranges can be done corresponding adjustment with patient and route of administration different.It will depend primarily on the diagnosis of accepting the doctor for medical treatment.For example, oral dose generally will be higher than intravenous injection dosage.Said dosage can be adjusted through experience optimization method well known in the art.Pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is wrapped in appropriate drug submission carrier (like polymer particle body or input equipment) can improves the efficient of administration, particularly oral administration.
The activity of pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can through external (
In vitro) and body in (
In vivo) test and estimate.In brief, the pharmacologically active of pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is reflected on the ability of its mediator MDR activity of gene expression.In the experiment, said pharmaceutical composition is injected in animal (like the mouse model) body to estimate its pharmacologically active in vivo.On this basis, suitable dosage ranges and route of administration are able to confirm then.
For the ease of understanding the present invention, the spy enumerates following examples.Its effect should be understood that it is to explaination of the present invention but not to any type of restriction of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the three experiments specific embodiment, it does not limit the present invention, and scope of the present invention is limited claim.
Embodiment 1
The acquisition of cantharidin and derivant thereof
Cantharidin and derivant thereof can prepare through the commodity purchasing acquisition or through following method:
The cantharidin method for preparing is seen patent 200610040991.1.
The N-methylcantharidimide method for preparing is seen patent 200410067589.3.
The disodium cantharidinate method for preparing is seen patent 200410052938.4.
The method for preparing of norcantharidin is seen Diels, O., Alder, K.Chem.Ber., 1929,62,554.
The Injectio natarii norcantharidatis method for preparing is seen patent 200510045564.8.
Cantharidimide and the nor-cantharidimide of nor-cantharidimide derivant hydroxyethyl, the nor-cantharidimide of methoxy ethyl, the nor-cantharidimide of aminoacid, the nor-cantharidimide of hydroxyl ethylene glycol ethyl, the nor-cantharidimide of Propylene Glycol ethyl, the nor-Mylabris amino acid of glycine dipeptidase, the nor-cantharidimide method for preparing of glycine dipeptidase are seen patent 200310116882.X.
The method for preparing of dehydronorcantharidiimide element, nor-deoxidation cantharidin, Cantharidic acid. or thia cantharidin is seen patent 200510033897.9.
Synthesizing of Cantharidic acid.: in the 50ml round-bottomed flask, place cantharidin 196.2mg (1.0mmol), add distilled water 20.0ml, be heated to and refluxed 0.5 hour, filtration, washing, vacuum drying, column chromatography purification get the 172.4mg white solid.Productive rate is 80.5%.The product warp
1H NMR composes mensuration.Analysis result is following:
1H NMR composes (300MHz, CDCl
3), d:1.24 (s, 6H), 1.73 ~ 1.82 (m, 4H), 4.71 (t, J=2.4 Hz, 2H).
Embodiment 2
Inducing of multidrug resistance cell strain
Respectively human liver cancer cell HepG2, human leukemia cell K562, human colon cancer cell LoVo cell, human breast cancer cell MCF-7, human lung cancer cell A549, gastric carcinoma cells SGC7901, ovarian cancer SKOV3, cervical cancer Hela, renal carcinoma 786-0 or the carcinoma of prostate PC-3 of debita spissitudo is inoculated in 6 orifice plates and cultivates; Add the ADM that final concentration is 0.05 μ g/ml next day; Every liquid that changed at a distance from 2-3 days, the while increases the concentration of ADM gradually; Mortality can appear in cell after dosing 2-3 time, and still visible small amounts of cells is adherent, continues to increase progressively gradually the concentration of ADM, forms one cell clone until the attached cell of remnants; Treating that cell forms big clone, with pancreatin cell dissociation is got off, be uniformly dispersed, continue to add ADM and induce, can be among the ADM of 2 μ g/ml at final concentration until cell, go down to posterity normally, frozen and the recovery.Induce more than 8 months,, keep the drug resistance character of cell with the ADM of 1 μ g/ml.
Embodiment 3
The evaluation of multidrug resistance cell strain
Inoculate sensitive cells and mdr cell respectively in 96 orifice plates, cell density is 5 * 10
4Individual/ml;
Dosing next day, the Concentraton gradient of amycin is: 30,3,0.3,0.03,0.003 μ g/ml; The Concentraton gradient of vincristine is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml; The Concentraton gradient of paclitaxel is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml; The Concentraton gradient of 5-FU is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml, and medicine all carries out doubling dilution with the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, and negative group adds the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, establishes 3 multiple holes for every group, and the administration volume is 100 μ l/ holes; Cell is containing 5% CO
237 ℃ of incubators continue to cultivate 44h after, every hole adds 20 μ lMTT (5mg/ml), continues to cultivate 4h; Supernatant is abandoned in suction, and every hole adds 100 μ lDMSO, on ELIASA, and vibration 600s, the OD value at detection 570nm place; More than the independent experiment triplicate, experimental data is all calculated IC with the SPSS statistical software
50Value, and calculate the drug resistance multiple (IC of drug resistance multiple=persister
50The IC of value/sensitive strain
50Value).The result shows that the multidrug resistance cell strain of various tumor cell lines is induced successfully.
Embodiment 4
The detection of cantharidin and derivant non-toxic thereof
Inoculate L02, HepG2, HepG2/ADM cell respectively in 96 orifice plates, cell density is 5 * 10
4Individual/ml; Dosing next day; The Concentraton gradient of cantharidin and derivant thereof is: 10,1,0.1,0.01,0.001 μ g/ml, and medicine all carries out doubling dilution with the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, and negative group adds the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS; Establish 3 multiple holes for every group, the administration volume is 100 μ l/ holes; Cell is containing 5% CO
237 ℃ of incubators continue to cultivate 44h after, every hole adds 20 μ l MTT (5mg/ml, PBS joins), continues to cultivate 4h; Supernatant is abandoned in suction, and every hole adds 100 μ l DMSO, on ELIASA, and vibration 600s, the OD value at detection 570nm place; More than the independent experiment triplicate, experimental data is all calculated IC with the SPSS statistical software
10Value, the drug level that the cell survival more than 90% is arranged is nontoxic or low toxicity dosage, confirms the working concentration of medicine for subsequent experimental.
Embodiment 5
Cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the chemotherapy sensitizing effect of multidrug resistance tumor cells strain
(1) to the chemotherapy sensitizing effect of drug-resistant cell strain
Inoculate sensitive cells and mdr cell respectively in 96 orifice plates, cell density is 5 * 10
4Individual/ml; Dosing next day, the Concentraton gradient of amycin is: 30,3,0.3,0.03,0.003 μ g/ml; It is high, medium and low three dose groups that cantharidin and derivant thereof are got 2 μ g/ml, 1 μ g/ml, 0.5 μ g/ml respectively; Medicine all carries out doubling dilution with the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS; Negative group adds the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, establishes 3 multiple holes for every group, and the administration volume is 100 μ l/ holes; Cell is containing 5% CO
237 ℃ of incubators continue to cultivate 44h after, every hole adds 20 μ l MTT (5mg/ml), continues to cultivate 4h; Supernatant is abandoned in suction, and every hole adds 100 μ lDMSO, on ELIASA, and vibration 600s, the OD value at detection 570nm place; More than the independent experiment triplicate, experimental data is all calculated IC with the SPSS statistical software
50Value, and calculate drug resistance reversal fold.The result shows; Cantharidin that the present invention mentioned and derivant thereof comprise that to the kinds of tumors drug-resistant cell strain human liver cancer cell HepG2, human leukemia cell K562, human colon cancer cell LoVo cell, human breast cancer cell MCF-7, human lung cancer cell A549, gastric carcinoma cells SGC7901, ovarian cancer SKOV3, cervical cancer Hela, renal carcinoma 786-0 or carcinoma of prostate PC-3 all have drug resistance inversion effect in various degree.Sensitizer when therefore, above-claimed cpd can be used as tumor pharmacother uses.
(2) chemotherapy sensitization in the body
With 5 * 10
6Individual tumor cell inoculation is subcutaneous in the right axil of BALB/c (nu/nu) nude mice.3 days began the lumbar injection amycin 2 mg/kg/ days behind tumor inoculation, while experimental group intravenous injection cantharidin or derivatives thereof, and dosage is 1.5 mg/kg, every day 1 time, totally 10 times.Measure tumor major diameter a (cm) and perpendicular minor axis b (cm) during the treatment weekly for 2 times and be calculated as follows the heavy W (g) of tumor: W=(a * b
2) * 1/2.After 30 days, put to death animal, strip tumor and weigh, calculate tumour inhibiting rate.The result shows that the tumour inhibiting rate of injecting amycin and cantharidin group simultaneously is far longer than amycin group and cantharidin group tumour inhibiting rate sum.
Embodiment 6
Cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the Mechanism Study of multi-medicine tolerant reversal effect
(1) cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the influence of MDR1 promoter activity
Press the said method of document (Maitra R; Halpin PA; Karlson KH. et al. Differential effects of mitomycin C and doxorubicin on P-glycoprotein expression. Biochem. J. 2001; 355,617-624.) angle and get the MDR1 promoter and be cloned among the pGL3-Basic, thereby construct the pGL3-MDR1-pro reporter plasmid.
In transfection the previous day, mdr cell is inoculated in 24 orifice plates, inoculum density is about 50-60%; Treat to begin when cell reaches 70-80% transfection.During transfection; Change liquid (every hole adds 0.5ml 10% DMEM) at first for the cell in 24 orifice plates; With calcium chloride solution mixing DNA, be about among the calcium chloride 12.5 μ l of 0.375 μ g DNA (0.25 μ g purpose plasmid+0.125 μ g is with reference to plasmid) adding respective volume mixing then.Calcium chloride behind the mixing-DNA mixed liquor is added dropwise in the 12.5 μ l BBS solution abundant mixing, room temperature held 20 minutes.At last BBS-calcium chloride-DNA mixture 25 μ l are added in 24 orifice plates, front and back vibrate gently, make its uniform distribution, and place 37 ℃, 5%CO2 incubator continuation cultivation.After cultivating 6h, inhale and remove culture fluid in the hole, add the fresh complete medium of 2ml, with cell mixing, counting, be laid in 96 orifice plates after the overnight incubation.Inhale behind the 24h and go culture medium, add the DMEM culture medium that contains 3%FBS, in this culture medium, add the cantharidin or derivatives thereof again, making its final concentration is 1 μ g/ml.After continuing to cultivate 24h, cell lysis is surveyed uciferase activity.
Utilize Luciferase Reporter Assay System and FluoStar Optima to detect the uciferase activity of transfectional cell lysate.Get 45 μ L cell pyrolysis liquids; The Assay Cocktail reagent that adds 5 μ L; Add 100 μ Luciferin reactant liquors behind the mixing; Utilize FluoStar Optima instrument to survey the fluorescence counting of 2s, this counting has reflected the activity level of research plasmid reporter gene expression LUC Photinus pyralis LUC Photinus pyralis FL (firefly luciferase).Other gets 20 μ L cell pyrolysis liquids; Add 37.5 μ L β-gal Buffer, add 12.5 μ L ONPG (6mg/mL) again, place 30min for 37 ℃ behind the mixing; Utilize ELIASA to survey the absorption value under the 450nm, this value has reflected that confidential reference items plasmid pCMV-β expresses the activity level of beta galactosidase.(ratio of the activity of β-gal) has been rejected the difference of sample transfection efficiency, more objectively the difference of promoter activity between reflected sample for the activity of LUC Photinus pyralis LUC Photinus pyralis FL (firefly luciferase) and beta galactosidase.
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(2) cantharidin and derivant thereof are to the influence of MDR1 coded product P-gp expression
Sensitive cells and mdr cell are laid on 6 orifice plates respectively, and adding final concentration after 24 hours is cantharidin and the derivant thereof of 1 μ g/ml, continuation effect 24 hours.With PBS washing 3 times, every hole (6 orifice plate) adds 200 μ l lysate (50mM Tris-HCl (pH7.5), 150mM NaCl, 1mM NaF, 0.5% NP-40, the Aprotinin of 2 μ g/ml with cell; 1mM PMSF), acts on 30 minutes on ice, whenever rocked cell plates, so that the abundant cracking of cell at a distance from 5 minutes.Behind centrifugal 10 minutes of the 15000rpm, supernatant is moved into EP pipe, be placed in after packing-80 ℃ frozen subsequent use.Take out a pipe during electrophoresis and add 4 * albumen sample-loading buffer, boiled 10 minutes, refrigeration on ice, instantaneous centrifugal, last appearance electrophoresis.
Preparation is changeed the film buffer and in 4 ℃ of pre-coolings.Pvdf membrane is soaked 40sec with methanol, and being soaked in after the taking-up changes subsequent use in the film buffer.Change the film buffer with putting in the square plate, under liquid level, carry out the installation of membrane-transferring device.And membrane-transferring device put into electrophoresis tank, and pouring into and change the film buffer, 55V takes out pvdf membrane after changeing film 3h, with membrane marker positive and negative and electrophoresis direction.Wash pvdf membrane 5 minutes 2 times with TBST (0.2% Tween20), 4 ℃ of sealings of the defatted milk powder of reuse 5% are spent the night.Use TBST (0.2% Tween20) to get express developed afterwards 2 times, wash again 15 minutes 1 time, 5 minutes 4 times (all being put in when washing film on the shaking table, as follows).1G2 (2.5mg/ml) with after TBST (0.2% Tween20) the 1:500 dilution, is together packed in the hybridization bag with pvdf membrane, and 37 ℃ of shaking tables are hatched 2h.Take out pvdf membrane, get express developed 2 times, wash 5 minutes 4 times again 15 minutes 1 time with TBST (0.2% Tween20).Two anti-HRP-goat anti-mouse (0.8mg/ml) with after TBST (0.2% Tween20) the 1:2000 dilution, are together packed in the hybridization bag with pvdf membrane, and 37 ℃ of shaking tables are hatched 1h.Take out pvdf membrane, get express developed 2 times, wash 10 minutes 4 times again 15 minutes 1 time with TBST (0.2% Tween20).Pvdf membrane is taken into the darkroom ECL colour developing.The result shows that cantharidin that the present invention mentioned and derivant thereof all can reduce the expression of P-gp in the persister to some extent.
(3) cantharidin and derivant thereof influence to accumulating in the amycin cell
Because amycin has autofluorescence, therefore can utilize this character directly to detect the content of amycin in the cell with flow cytometer.
Sensitive cells and mdr cell are laid on 6 orifice plates respectively, and adding final concentration after 24 hours is the cantharidin or derivatives thereof of 2 μ g/ml, cultivates 1h for 37 ℃, washes cell with PBS, trypsinization, and collecting cell, and analyze with flow cytometer.The result shows that cantharidin that the present invention mentioned and derivant thereof all can increase amycin accumulating in mdr cell to some extent, thus the effect of performance chemotherapy sensitizing.