CN102207986B - Modeling method and device for relevance of multi-antenna differential polarization channels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a modeling method and a modeling device for the relevance of multi-antenna differential polarization channels. A multi-antenna electromagnetic system is used as a three-port microwave network comprising two circuit ports and one field port. The method comprises the following steps of: determining an incidence feature characterization parameter and a dispersion feature characterization parameter of the field port; determining a transmission feature characterization parameter and a reflection feature characterization parameter of each of the circuit ports; determining transmission feature characterization parameters and coupling feature characterization parameters of the field port and the circuit port; and determining a characterization model of the relevance of the multi-antenna differential polarization channels. By the invention, the problem that no modeling scheme for the relevance of the multi-antenna differential polarization channels is provided at present can be solved; therefore, guarantee is provided for performance research, test and authentication of a plurality of antennas of a mobile terminal.

Description

Modeling method and the device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communications field, in particular to a kind of modeling method and device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy.

Background technology

At present, third generation partner program (3rd Generation Partnership Project, referred to as 3GPP) and WINNER (Wireless World Initiative New Radio) project team adopt channel model (Special Channel Model, referred to as SCM; Special Channel Model Enhanced, referred to as SCME), all accurate physical models, reason is that the physical spatial location of scatterer in this model is uncertain, channel modeling method is outgoing wave direction DOD/ incident wave direction (Direction of Arrival, referred to as the DOA) information based near scatterer channel transceiver two ends only.In concept, the SCM of 3GPP can support randomly topologically structured aerial array, but SCM/SCME/WIM is in the specific implementation of its more detailed modeling scheme and WINNER, only consider that uniform linear array (Uniform Linear Array, referred to as ULA) is this most directly, the simplest antenna model.

Super three generations (Beyond third Generation, referred to as B3G) and the high-performance pursued of 4G system, require antenna of new generation to have and can make full use of radio channel characteristic, the ability of polarization and spatial gain is provided, this can abundant, meticulous reflection actual antennas channel characteristics with regard to objective requirement antenna model, to provide channel information more accurately for system.

Along with the fast development of the technology such as mobile phone, the multi-antenna technology of mobile terminal side has become one of key technology for PHY of B3G and 4G system.

The miniaturization that mobile terminal multi-antenna has and high density feature, determined the Efficient Characterization of many antennas of terminal heteropole channel relevancy, and still, inventor finds: the modeling scheme that mobile terminal heteropole channel relevancy is not yet provided at present.

Summary of the invention

Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of modeling method and device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy, at least to address the above problem.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of modeling method of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy is provided, using many antenna electrics magnetic system as three port Microwave Nets that comprise two road ports and a field port, comprise the following steps: according to the reflection coefficient parameter of the scattering parameter of the S parameter of field port to two road port, a port, source equivalent voltage and the corresponding external source of a port, determine a port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter; According to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determine road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter; According to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, two road ports, the S parameter of port to two road port and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determine and road port transmits and coupled characteristic characterization model; Determine the characterization model of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy according to the phase pattern of the transmission of field and road port and coupled characteristic characterization model, the heteropole voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas, the volume coordinate vector of many antennas, many antennas and spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of model building device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy is provided, using many antenna electrics magnetic system as three port Microwave Nets that comprise two road ports and a field port, comprise: the first determination module, for according to the reflection coefficient parameter of the scattering parameter of the S parameter of field port to two road port, a port, source equivalent voltage and the corresponding external source of a port, determine a port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter; The second determination module, for according to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determines road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter; The 3rd determination module, for according to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, two road ports, the S parameter of port to two road port and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determine and road port transmits and coupled characteristic characterization model; The 4th determination module, for determining the characterization model of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy according to the phase pattern of the transmission of field and road port and coupled characteristic characterization model, the heteropole voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas, the volume coordinate vector of many antennas, many antennas and spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient.

By the present invention, adopt definite port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter and field and road port transmission and coupled characteristic characterization model to determine the method for the characterization model of mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy, solve the problem that the modeling scheme of mobile terminal heteropole channel relevancy is not yet provided at present, and then provide guarantee for performance study, test and the certification of mobile terminal multi-antenna.

Brief description of the drawings

Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is according to the process flow diagram of the modeling method of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is according to the structured flowchart of the model building device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is according to the schematic diagram of the mobile terminal antenna coordinate definition of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is port networking, the double antenna field schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the double antenna road port networking schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is according to the side view of the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is according to the emulation schematic diagram of the double antenna test result of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is according to the emulation schematic diagram of the double antenna heteropole channel correlation coefficient of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Hereinafter also describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, in the situation that not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application can combine mutually.

According to embodiments of the invention, a kind of modeling method of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy is provided, terminal multi-antenna channel is considered to become three port Microwave Nets, as shown in Figure 3,2 road ports and 1 field port, the polarization characteristic characterizing method of employing three-port network S parameter characterization method and aerial radiation electric field, sets up a road transition matrix model, extract an integrated polarization extend information in road, obtain the generic representation model of antenna channel cross polarization extended attribute.

Fig. 1 is according to the process flow diagram of the modeling method of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises the following steps S102 to step S108:

Step S102, according to the reflection coefficient parameter of the scattering parameter of the S parameter of field port to two road port, a port, source equivalent voltage and the corresponding external source of a port, determines a port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter.

Step S104, according to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determines road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter.

Step S106, according to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, two road ports, the S parameter of port to two road port and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determine and road port transmits and coupled characteristic characterization model.

Step S108, determines the characterization model of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy according to the phase pattern of the transmission of field and road port and coupled characteristic characterization model, the heteropole voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas, the volume coordinate vector of many antennas, many antennas and spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient.

By this embodiment, adopt definite port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter and field and road port transmission and coupled characteristic characterization model to determine the method for the characterization model of mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy, solve the problem that the modeling scheme of mobile terminal heteropole channel relevancy is not yet provided at present, and then provide guarantee for performance study, test and the certification of mobile terminal multi-antenna.

Below specific implementation process of the present invention is described.

1. set up port incident/scattering properties characterization parameter (, above-mentioned step S102) based on antenna field port (p3 port ) (as shown in Figure 4) to 2 road port (p1 ports ) (as shown in Figure 5) and (p2 port ) S parameter (s _{13, X} ⁰⁰and s _{23, X} ⁰⁰), S parameter (s between two road ports _{11, X} ⁰⁰, s _{12, X} ⁰⁰, s _{21, X} ⁰⁰and s _{22, X} ⁰⁰) and the corresponding external source V of a port _g(incident electric field) reflection coefficient parameter (Г _g) parameter, can obtain the coupling coefficient (A by field port and channel ₀, A ₁, A ₂), they have characterized the interaction feature of antenna to incident source.

, determine the coupling coefficient A of a port and space channel by following formula ₀, A ₁and A ₂:

$A_0={(1-s_{33,x}^{00}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{v}_g;---\left(1\right)$

$A_1={(1-s_{33,X}^{00}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{13,X}^{01};---\left(2\right)$

$A_2={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{23,X}^{01};---\left(3\right)$

Wherein, s _{33, X} ⁰⁰for the scattering parameter of field port, Г _gfor the reflection coefficient parameter of the corresponding external source of field port, v _gfor source equivalent voltage, s _{13, X} ⁰¹and s _{23, X} ⁰¹for the S parameter of field port to two road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face.

In the time that reality is tested, antenna scattering impedance and incident wave space impedance mismatch have considered, in test parameter, therefore have Г _g=0.

A ₀＝v _g，A ₁＝0，A ₂＝0。

2. set up road port transmission/reflection characteristic characterization parameter (, above-mentioned step S104)

Adopt 2 road port active load reflection coefficient (Г _l1, Г _l2) and day line port parameter, can characterize the interaction process of antenna and load as shown in Figure 5.Combine described two road port load reflection coefficient parameter (Г _l1and Г _l2), set up double antenna road port and external circuit coupled relation, characterize the pulling effect of antenna to load.Determine the pulling effect Δ of antenna to load by following formula:

$\mathrm{\Δ}=[1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]-(s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01})(s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein, s _{11, X} ⁰¹, s _{12, X} ⁰¹, s _{21, X} ⁰¹and s _{22, X} ⁰¹be two S parameters between road port, A ₁and A ₂be the coupling coefficient of a port and space channel, Г _l1and Г _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of road port.

3. set up field/road port transmission/coupled characteristic characterization model (, above-mentioned step S106)

According to the coupling coefficient (A of mobile terminal double antenna field port and channel ₀, A ₁, A ₂), source reflection coefficient parameter (Г _g), S parameter (s between road port (p1 port and p2 port) _{11, X} ⁰¹, s _{12, X} ⁰¹, s _{21, X} ⁰¹, s _{22, X} ⁰¹) and road port load reflection coefficient parameter (Г _l1and Г _l2), determine β matrix:

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& (s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ (s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right]---\left(5\right)$

Wherein, Δ is the pulling effect of antenna to load, s _{11, X} ⁰¹, s _{12, X} ⁰¹, s _{21, X} ⁰¹and s _{22, X} ⁰¹be two S parameters between road port, s _{13, X} ⁰¹and s _{23, X} ⁰¹be the S parameter of a port to two road port, A ₁and A ₂be the coupling coefficient of a port and space channel, Г _l1and Г _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of road port, wherein, source impedance coupling refers to reflection coefficient and the free space reflection coefficient coupling to antenna of antenna to free space.

In the time that source impedance is mated,

$\mathrm{\Δ}=[1-s_{11,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-s_{22,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]-s_{21,X}^{01}{s}_{12,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}---\left(6\right)$

In the time that source impedance is mated,

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{[1-s_{11,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-s_{22,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-s_{22,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& s_{12,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ s_{21,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-s_{11,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right]---\left(7\right)$

Wherein, Δ is the pulling effect of antenna to load, s _{11, X} ⁰¹, s _{12, X} ⁰¹, s _{21, X} ⁰¹and s _{22, X} ⁰¹be two S parameters between road port, Г _l1and Г _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face, and wherein, load conjugate impedance match refers to that the input impedance of road port and the input impedance of load mates.

Further, when load is total to volume coupling, said method also can have following characteristics:

with port one and port 2 β matrixes are:

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{[1-{\left|s_{11,X}^{01}\right|}^2][1-{\left|s_{22,X}^{01}\right|}^2]}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-{\left|s_{22,X}^{01}\right|}^2& s_{12}{\left(s_{22,X}^{01}\right)}^{*}\\ s_{21}{\left(s_{11,X}^{01}\right)}^{*}& 1-{\left|s_{11,X}^{01}\right|}^2\end{array}\right]---\left(8\right)$

Wherein, Δ is the pulling effect of antenna to load, s _{11, X} ⁰¹, s _{12, X} ⁰¹, s _{21, X} ⁰¹and s _{22, X} ⁰¹be two S parameters between road port, Г _l1and Г _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of road port.

4. obtain multi-antenna channel heteropole channel relevancy model (, above-mentioned step S108)

According to the voltage gain directional diagram of double antenna 1 and 2 with can determine a road port transformation parameter, that is, determine a road port transformation parameter s by following formula _{13, X} ⁰¹and s _{23, X} ⁰¹:

$s_{13,X}^{01}({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R,r_1)={\stackrel{\→}{G}}_{1,X}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)e^{-j{\mathrm{kr}}_1+\mathrm{j\Φ}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)}\·\stackrel{\→}{H}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)---\left(9\right)$

$s_{23,X}^{01}({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R,r_2)={\stackrel{\→}{G}}_{2,X}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)e^{-{\mathrm{jkr}}_2+\mathrm{j\Φ}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)}\·\stackrel{\→}{H}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)---\left(10\right)$

Wherein, with voltage gain directional diagram while being X for the angle of the aerial array plane normal relative reference face at antenna 1 and antenna 2 places, with for the volume coordinate vector of antenna 1 and 2, Φ (Ω _r) be the phase pattern of double antenna 1 and 2.Ω _rfor incoming wave incident angle, for spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient, 00 represents the θ polarization components of antenna 1 and the θ polarization components of antenna 2 when the θ θ here, or 00 is time represent antenna 1 polarization components and antenna 2 polarization components.X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face; Wherein, the initial point using antenna reference point as spherical coordinates, the radius vector of antenna branch and the angle of Z axis are θ, the radius vector of antenna branch projects to vector in XY plane and the angle of X-axis is

Based on field road port S parameter physical features, obtain antenna field/road port transition matrix, i.e. multi-antenna channel h _amodel., be identified for characterizing multi-antenna channel h by following formula _aantenna field/road port transition matrix of model

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]=\left[\mathrm{\β}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_{13,X}^{01}\\ s_{23,X}^{01}\end{array}\right];---\left(11\right)$

Wherein, s _{13, X} ⁰¹and s _{23, X} ⁰¹be the S parameter of a port to two road port.Determine channel relevancy coefficient ρ by following formula _e:

${\mathrm{\ρ}}_e\≈{\left|{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{c,X}^{21}\right|}^2.$

According to embodiments of the invention, provide a kind of model building device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy, using many antenna electrics magnetic system as three port Microwave Nets that comprise two road ports and a field port.Fig. 2 is that as shown in Figure 2, this device comprises according to the structured flowchart of the model building device of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy of the embodiment of the present invention: the first determination module 2, the second determination module 4, the 3rd determination module 6, the four determination modules 8, are described said structure below.

The first determination module 2, for according to the reflection coefficient parameter of the scattering parameter of the S parameter of field port to two road port, a port, source equivalent voltage and the corresponding external source of a port, determines a port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter.

, determine the coupling coefficient A of a port and space channel by following formula ₀, A ₁and A ₂:

$A_0={(1-s_{33,x}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{v}_g;---\left(1\right)$

$A_1={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{13,X}^{01};---\left(2\right)$

$A_2={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{23,X}^{01}.---\left(3\right)$

The second determination module 4, is connected to the first determination module 2, for according to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determines road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter.

Particularly, determine the pulling effect Δ of antenna to load by following formula:

$\mathrm{\Δ}=[1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]-(s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01})(s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}---\left(4\right)$

The 3rd determination module 6, be connected to the first determination module 2 and the second determination module 4, for according to the S parameter between field port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, two road ports, the S parameter of port to two road port and the active load reflection coefficient of road port, determine and road port transmits and coupled characteristic characterization model.

Particularly, determine β matrix by following formula:

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& (s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ (s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right].---\left(5\right)$

The 4th determination module 8, be connected to the 3rd determination module 6, for determine the characterization model of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy according to the phase pattern of the transmission of field and road port and coupled characteristic characterization model, the heteropole voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas, the volume coordinate vector of many antennas, many antennas and spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient.

Particularly, determine a road port transformation parameter s by following formula _{13, X} ⁰¹and s _{23, X} ⁰¹:

$s_{13,X}^{01}({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R,r_1)={\stackrel{\→}{G}}_{1,X}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)e^{-{\mathrm{jkr}}_1+\mathrm{j\Φ}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)}\·\stackrel{\→}{H}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)---\left(9\right)$

$s_{23,X}^{01}({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R,r_2)={\stackrel{\→}{G}}_{2,X}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)e^{-{\mathrm{jkr}}_2+\mathrm{j\Φ}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)}\·\stackrel{\→}{H}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)---\left(10\right)$

Be identified for characterizing multi-antenna channel h by following formula _athe antenna field of model and road port transition matrix

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]=\left[\mathrm{\β}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_{13,X}^{01}\\ s_{23,X}^{01}\end{array}\right].---\left(11\right)$

Determine channel relevancy coefficient ρ by following formula _e:

(12)

${\mathrm{\ρ}}_e\≈{\left|{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{c,X}^{21}\right|}^2.$

It should be noted that, in the model building device of above-mentioned mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy, in the implication of each parameters of formula and the modeling method of mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy, the implication of each parameters of formula is identical, does not repeat them here.

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, implementation procedure of the present invention is described in detail.

(1) antenna model

A. physical composition

Described antenna physical model mainly comprises following 5 parts:

(1) cylindrical conductor 0

Described cylindrical conductor 0 is that a Z-direction total length is X0, and radius is R0 metal cylinder body, as shown in Figure 6.

(2) primary radiation element 1

Described primary radiation element 1 as shown in Figure 6, is that an external radius is that Rpat, inside radius are the circular ring type metal patch structure that Rpin, Z-direction thickness are Hpat; Taking three-dimensional system of coordinate initial point as reference point, described primary radiation element 1 is positioned at Z-direction height H rad place, links together, and then can regulate the Z-direction height H rad of primary radiation element 1 with a metal cylinder 1.1 that is threaded structure.The described metal cylinder 1.1 that is threaded structure is that a Z-direction height is that Hpin, radius are screwed cylindrical structure on Rpin, side, and following table plane is positioned in coordinate system XY plane.

(3) collateral radiation element 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4

Described collateral radiation element 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 as shown in Figure 6, is that four radiuses are the little metal cylinder that R1, thickness are H1, XY plane parallel in following table plane and three-dimensional system of coordinate, and distance is H0+Hs; Meanwhile, the central point of four little metal cylinders is evenly distributed on the circle that the center of circle is positioned in Z coordinate axis, radius is D0, be positioned at separately in positive Y-axis, negative Y-axis, negative X-axis, positive X-axis, and symmetrically.

(4) feed element 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4

Described feed element 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 as shown in Figure 6, by four be the metal cylinder that R0, Z-direction height are H0 as feeder line, radius, and four Z-direction height, 50 Ω impedance matching feed port compositions that are Hs; The following table plane of described metal cylinder feeder line and the XY plane parallel of three-dimensional system of coordinate, distance is Hs; Described 50 Ω impedance matching feed port one sides are positioned in XY plane, and opposite side is positioned at feeder line following table plane; Described feed element 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 is to be evenly distributed on the circle that the center of circle is positioned in Z coordinate axis, radius is D0 equally, is positioned at separately in positive Y-axis, negative Y-axis, negative X-axis, positive X-axis, symmetrically.

(5) antenna holder 4

Described antenna holder 4, as shown in Figure 6, prototype is that a Z-direction height is that Hw, external radius are that Rw, inside radius are that Rn, material are teflon (specific inductive capacity 2.55, dielectric loss angle is 0.0019) cylinder ring type structure, following table plane is positioned in the XY plane of three-dimensional system of coordinate; Meanwhile, in antenna holder 4 inside, in XY plane, apart from the position of initial point D0, having dug out four radiuses is the cylinder aperture that R0, Z-direction height are Hw, simultaneously, four cylinder apertures are evenly distributed in positive Y-axis, negative Y-axis, negative X-axis, positive X-axis, symmetrically separately.

B. the annexation of each chief component:

(1) connection of cylindrical conductor entity

As shown in Figure 6, the various piece of cylindrical conductor 0: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H are that order interconnects, the central point of various piece is all on the Z axis of three-dimensional system of coordinate, and particularly the hexagon in H part has connected the rectangular parallelepiped with special construction as empennage at its six water chestnut limits place.

(2) being connected of radiating element and feed element entity

As shown in Figure 6, primary radiation unit 1 entity links together with the metal cylinder 1.1 that is threaded structure, and then can regulate the Z-direction height H rad of primary radiation element 1; Also therefore need on primary radiation unit paster, dig out the circle that radius is Rpin, and finally form circular ring structure.The following table plane that is threaded the metal cylinder 1.1 of structure is positioned in the XY plane of three-dimensional system of coordinate, links together with the A part of cylindrical conductor 0, is positioned at annular antenna holder 4 centers; Meanwhile, because its radius is less than the interior ring radius of antenna holder 4, thereby between metal cylinder 1.1 and antenna holder 4, still leave an annular space.

As shown in Figure 6, the following table plane of collateral radiation element 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 is just in time positioned at the upper table plane place of antenna holder 4, is connected with the cylinder feeder line upper surface in feed element 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 6, feed element 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4 is arranged in four cylinder apertures that dig out antenna holder 4 inside, upper table plane and the collateral radiation element 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4 of column type feeder line wherein link together, following table plane and 50 Ω impedance matching feed port link together, and the feed port other end is connected with the A part of cylindrical conductor 0.

As shown in Figure 6, the following table plane of antenna holder 4 is positioned in XY plane, is to be equally connected with the A part of cylindrical conductor 0.

C. physical dimension

(1) cylindrical conductor 0

X0＝330mm，XA＝10mm，RA1＝53.85mm，RA2＝64mm，XB＝40mm，RB＝65mm，XC＝90mm，RC＝65mm，XD＝20mm，RD1＝63mm，RD2＝55mm，XE＝80mm，RE＝49.05mm，XF＝5mm，RF＝42mm，XG＝60mm，RG＝17mm，XH＝25mm，RH1＝46mm，RH2＝174mm，RH3＝100mm，RH4＝5mm，TH1＝5mm，TH2＝2mm

(2) primary radiation element 1

Rpat＝46.08mm，Rpin＝18mm，Hpat＝2.25mm，Hrad＝34.85mm，Hpin＝34.85mm

(3) collateral radiation element 2.1,2.2,2.3,2.4

R1＝7.2mm，H1＝0.3mm，H0＝29.2mm，Hs＝0.8mm，D0＝50mm

(4) feed element 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4

R0＝2.7mm，H0＝29.2mm，Hs＝0.8mm

(5) antenna holder 4

Hw＝30mm，Rw＝53?085mm，Rn＝35mm

(2) electromagnetic performance

By Electromagnetic Simulation or actual measurement, obtain the three-dimensional voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas heteropoleization with different poliarizing antenna road port S parameter (s11, s12, s21, s22), as shown in Figure 7, must show up and represent with road port transmission and coupled characteristic, be i.e. β matrix.

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& (s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ (s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-{(s_{11,X}^{01}+A}_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right]---\left(5\right)$

Wherein,

$s_{13,X}^{01}({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R,r_1)={\stackrel{\→}{G}}_{1,X}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)e^{-{\mathrm{jkr}}_1+\mathrm{j\Φ}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)}\·\stackrel{\→}{H}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)---\left(9\right)$

$s_{23,X}^{01}({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R,r_2)={\stackrel{\→}{G}}_{2,X}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)e^{-{\mathrm{jkr}}_2+\mathrm{j\Φ}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)}\·\stackrel{\→}{H}\left({\mathrm{\Ω}}_R\right)---\left(10\right)$

(3) many antennas heteropole channel relevancy model

The heteropole of antenna more than 4.1 channel relevancy characteristic can be expressed as:

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]=\left[\mathrm{\β}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_{13,X}^{01}\\ s_{23,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]---\left(11\right)$

Wherein, channel correlation coefficient

It should be noted that, preferred embodiment hypothesis source impedance coupling, although be taking simulation parameter as example here, method of the present invention can also be widely used in the occasion of any double antenna effect that needs simulating mobile terminal such as emulation or test.

The parameter obtaining according to Electromagnetic Simulation, can obtain the mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy model that above-mentioned formula represents.What above step was determined is all to calculate the parameter that double antenna channel model needs, and the order that the present invention carries out each step is not limited.

Use the result derived of the present invention with test result (as shown in Figure 8) compared with, the better and formula A of consistance ₀=v _g, A ₁=0, A ₂=0 is a simple analytical formula, also has advantages of that the programming of being easy to realizes.

In sum, adopt the inventive method, can be according to the three-dimensional gain parameter of mobile terminal multi-antenna network parameter and antenna and load, source matching parameter, set up the general characterization model of many antennas behavioral scaling correlation matrix, for performance study, test and the certification of mobile terminal multi-antenna are given security.Meanwhile, the inventive method also has advantages of that environmental requirement is low, moderate accuracy, simple and easy to do.

Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned of the present invention each module or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, or be distributed on the network that multiple calculation elements form, alternatively, they can be realized with the executable program code of calculation element, thereby, they can be stored in memory storage and be carried out by calculation element, and in some cases, can carry out shown or described step with the order being different from herein, or they are made into respectively to each integrated circuit modules, or the multiple modules in them or step are made into single integrated circuit module to be realized.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.

The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a modeling method for the heteropole of antenna more than channel relevancy, using many antenna electrics magnetic system as three port Microwave Nets that comprise two road ports and a field port, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

Reflection coefficient parameter according to described port to scattering parameter, source equivalent voltage and described the corresponding external source of port of the S parameter of described two road ports, described port, determine a port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, wherein, comprise the coupling coefficient A that determines described port and space channel ₀, A ₁and A ₂:

Determine the coupling coefficient A of described port and space channel by following formula ₀, A ₁and A ₂:

$A_0={(1-s_{33,x}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{v}_g;$

$A_1={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{13,X}^{01};$

$A_2={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{23,X}^{01};$

Wherein, for the scattering parameter of described port, Γ _gfor the reflection coefficient parameter of described the corresponding external source of port, v _gfor source equivalent voltage, with for described port is to the S parameter of described two road ports, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

According to the S parameter between described port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, described two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, determine road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, wherein, comprise and determine the pulling effect △ of antenna to load:

Determine the pulling effect △ of described antenna to load by following formula:

$\mathrm{\Δ}=[1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]-(s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01})(s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2};$

Wherein, be the S parameter between described two road ports, A ₁and A ₂be the coupling coefficient of described port and space channel, Γ _l1and Γ _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

According to the S parameter between described port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, the transmission of described road port and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, described two road ports, described port to the S parameter of described two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, determine field and road port transmission and coupled characteristic characterization model, wherein, comprise β matrix:

Determine described β matrix by following formula:

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& (s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ (s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right];$

Wherein, △ is the pulling effect of described antenna to load, with be the S parameter between described two road ports, with be the S parameter of described port to described two road ports, A ₁and A ₂be the coupling coefficient of described port and space channel, Γ _l1and Γ _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

According to described and road port transmits and phase pattern and the spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient of coupled characteristic characterization model, the heteropole voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas, the volume coordinate vector of many antennas, many antennas, determine the characterization model of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy of mobile terminal, wherein, comprise and determine a road port transformation parameter with

Determine described road port transformation parameter by following formula with

Wherein, Ω _rfor incoming wave incident angle, with be the volume coordinate vector of antenna 1 and antenna 2, with voltage gain directional diagram when the angle that is the aerial array plane normal relative reference face at antenna 1 and antenna 2 places is X, Φ (Ω _r) be the phase pattern of antenna 1 and antenna 2, for spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient, 00 represents the θ polarization components of antenna 1 and the θ polarization components of antenna 2 when the θ θ, or 00 is time represent antenna 1 polarization components and antenna 2 polarization components;

Wherein, the characterization model of determining described mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy also comprises and is identified for characterizing multi-antenna channel h _athe antenna field of model and road port transition matrix $\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]:$

Determine described for characterizing multi-antenna channel h by following formula _athe antenna field of model and road port transition matrix $\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]:$

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]=\left[\mathrm{\β}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_{13,X}^{01}\\ s_{23,X}^{01}\end{array}\right];$

Wherein, with be the S parameter of described port to described two road ports, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

Wherein, the characterization model of determining described mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy also comprises channel relevancy coefficient ρ _e:

Determine described channel relevancy coefficient ρ by following formula _e:

${\mathrm{\ρ}}_e\≈{\left|{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{c,X}^{21}\right|}^2;$

Wherein, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the time that source impedance is mated,

$\mathrm{\Δ}=[1-s_{11,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-s_{22,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]-s_{21,X}^{01}{s}_{12,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2};$

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{[1-s_{11,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-s_{22,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-s_{22,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& s_{12,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ s_{21,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-s_{11,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right];$

Wherein, △ is the pulling effect of described antenna to load, with be the S parameter between described two road ports, Γ _l1and Γ _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face, wherein, described source impedance coupling refers to reflection coefficient and the described free space reflection coefficient coupling to described antenna of described antenna to free space.

3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in the time that load is total to volume coupling,

$s_{11,X}^{01}={\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}^{*}$ With $s_{22,X}^{01}={\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}^{*},$ β matrix is:

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{[1-{\left|s_{11,X}^{01}\right|}^2][1-{\left|s_{22,X}^{01}\right|}^2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-{\left|s_{22,X}^{01}\right|}^2& s_{12}{\left(s_{22,X}^{01}\right)}^{*}\\ s_{21}{\left(s_{11,X}^{01}\right)}^{*}& 1-{\left|s_{11,X}^{01}\right|}^2\end{array}\right];$

Wherein, △ is the pulling effect of described antenna to load, with be the S parameter between described two road ports, Γ _l1and Γ _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face, and wherein, described load conjugate impedance match refers to that the input impedance of described road port and the input impedance of load mates.

4. a model building device for the heteropole of antenna more than channel relevancy, using many antenna electrics magnetic system as three port Microwave Nets that comprise two road ports and a field port, is characterized in that, described device comprises:

The first determination module, for the reflection coefficient parameter to scattering parameter, source equivalent voltage and described the corresponding external source of port of the S parameter of described two road ports, described port according to described port, determine a port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, wherein, comprise the coupling coefficient A that determines described port and space channel ₀, A ₁and A ₂:

Determine the coupling coefficient A of described port and space channel by following formula ₀, A ₁and A ₂:

$A_0={(1-s_{33,x}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{v}_g;$

$A_1={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{13,X}^{01};$

$A_2={(1-s_{33,X}^{01}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g)}^{-1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_g{s}_{23,X}^{01};$

Wherein, for the scattering parameter of described port, Γ _gfor the reflection coefficient parameter of described the corresponding external source of port, v _gfor source equivalent voltage, with for described port is to the S parameter of described two road ports, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

The second determination module, for according to the S parameter between described port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, described two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, determine road port transmission and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, wherein, comprise and determine the pulling effect △ of antenna to load:

Determine the pulling effect △ of described antenna to load by following formula:

$\mathrm{\Δ}=[1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}][1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}]-(s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01})(s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}{\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2};$

Wherein, with be the S parameter between described two road ports, A ₁and A ₂be the coupling coefficient of described port and space channel, Γ _l1and Γ _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

The 3rd determination module, for according to the S parameter between described port incident and scattering properties characterization parameter, the transmission of described road port and reflection characteristic characterization parameter, described two road ports, described port to the S parameter of described two road ports and the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, determine field and road port transmission and coupled characteristic characterization model, wherein, comprise β matrix:

Determine described β matrix by following formula:

$\mathrm{\β}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\Δ}}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1-(s_{22,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}& (s_{12,X}^{01}+A_2{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l2}\\ (s_{21,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{23,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}& 1-(s_{11,X}^{01}+A_1{s}_{13,X}^{01}){\mathrm{\Γ}}_{l1}\end{array}\right];$

Wherein, △ is the pulling effect of described antenna to load, with be the S parameter between described two road ports, with be the S parameter of described port to described two road ports, A ₁and A ₂be the coupling coefficient of described port and space channel, Γ _l1and Γ _l2be the active load reflection coefficient of described road port, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

The 4th determination module, for according to described and road port transmits and phase pattern and the spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient of coupled characteristic characterization model, the heteropole voltage gain directional diagram of many antennas, the volume coordinate vector of many antennas, many antennas, determine the characterization model of many antennas heteropole channel relevancy of mobile terminal, wherein, comprise and determine a road port transformation parameter with

Determine described road port transformation parameter by following formula with

Wherein, Ω _rfor incoming wave incident angle, with be the volume coordinate vector of antenna 1 and antenna 2, with voltage gain directional diagram when the angle that is the aerial array plane normal relative reference face at antenna 1 and antenna 2 places is X, Φ (Ω _r) be the phase pattern of antenna 1 and antenna 2, for spatial polarizations channel Dan Jing unit transmission coefficient, 00 represents the θ polarization components of antenna 1 and the θ polarization components of antenna 2 when the θ θ, or 00 is time represent antenna 1 polarization components and antenna 2 polarization components;

Wherein, the characterization model of determining described mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy also comprises and is identified for characterizing multi-antenna channel h _athe antenna field of model and road port transition matrix $\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]:$

Determine described for characterizing multi-antenna channel h by following formula _athe antenna field of model and road port transition matrix $\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]:$

$\left[\begin{array}{c}{h}_{a1,X}^{01}\\ h_{a2,X}^{01}\end{array}\right]=\left[\mathrm{\β}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_{13,X}^{01}\\ s_{23,X}^{01}\end{array}\right];$

Wherein, with be the S parameter of described port to described two road ports, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face;

Wherein, the characterization model of determining described mobile terminal multi-antenna heteropole channel relevancy also comprises channel relevancy coefficient ρ _e:

Determine described channel relevancy coefficient ρ by following formula _e:

${\mathrm{\ρ}}_e\≈{\left|{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{c,X}^{21}\right|}^2;$

Wherein, X is the angle of aerial array plane normal relative reference face.