CN102207712A - Developer cartridge and image formation apparatus - Google Patents
Developer cartridge and image formation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102207712A CN102207712A CN2011101852912A CN201110185291A CN102207712A CN 102207712 A CN102207712 A CN 102207712A CN 2011101852912 A CN2011101852912 A CN 2011101852912A CN 201110185291 A CN201110185291 A CN 201110185291A CN 102207712 A CN102207712 A CN 102207712A
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Abstract
The invention provides a developer cartridge and an image formation apparatus. The developer cartridge is provided, which contains developer made of toner and carrier and is detachably mounted in a body of an image formation apparatus. The developer cartridge is configured to include an ID chip in which a carrier content rate of the developer contained in an inner container of the developer cartridge is stored.
Description
The application be that March 16, application number in 2009 are 200910128529.0 the applying date, denomination of invention divides an application for the application for a patent for invention of " developer box and image processing system ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to for example compounding machine of duplicating machine, printer, facsimile recorder or these machines of image processing system, and relate to the developer box that is removably disposed in the described device.Specifically, the present invention relates to can be suitably with the developer box of new developer replenishing to the premix developer supply system of developing cell, and relate to the image processing system that comprises this developer box.
Background technology
In the prior art, known duplicating machine or printer have in due course with the premix developer supply system (for example, be disclosed in TOHKEMY 2004-4559 communique (document 1), TOHKEMY 2007-133057 communique (document 2), TOHKEMY 2004-29306 communique (document 3), TOHKEMY 2007-183348 communique (document 4)) of new developer supply to the developing cell that contains the two-component developing agent of being made by toner and carrier.
Use the developing cell of two-component developing agent to be set to according to the consumption of toner from its toner port supply toner suitably.The toner of supply stirs with developer in developing cell by transfer unit such as agitating screw or conveying screw rod and mixes.Then, the developer that mixes is partly supplied to developer roller (developer carrier).The amount of developer is by regulating that scraper suitably limits and its toner is adsorbed on the sub-image on the photoconductor drum on the developer roller.
In general developing process, thus the carrier in the two-component developing agent be not consumed and be retained in make in the developing cell carrier quality in time and deterioration.Specifically, the coating of carrier is worn and torn because of the long-term stirring of carrier and mixing in developing cell or is peeled off, and this has reduced the charged ability of this carrier.And wherein toner components or adjuvant are adsorbed on used toner on the carrier surface and also cause the charged ability of this carrier to reduce.
The purpose of premix developer supply system be prevent owing to carrier through the time deterioration cause the deterioration of image output quality.It can relatively reduce the amount of deterioration carrier and the amount and the charged ability of maintenance carrier by suitably new two-component developing agent being supplied in the developing cell and with the discharge of part developer in developing cell.With each carrier demonstrate through the time all need developing cell or carrier are compared with the device of new replacement during deterioration, use the image processing system of this premix developer supply system can more stably produce the image of good quality for a long time.
For example, document 1 discloses the developing cell that uses the premix developer supply system that comprises overflow type developer deliverying unit.This developing cell is furnished with escape hole (hole) when the upper surface of supplying with new carrier and being transported to the developer of this escape hole surpasses predetermined altitude excessive developer is being discharged to the outside.
And document 4 discloses a kind of premix developer box, and wherein the weight ratio of carrier and developer is set at 3-20 weight % (weight portion) for example to optimize the flowability of the developer of discharging from escape hole.
Have problems in the image processing system of the prior art, i.e. the variation of toner degree of staining greatly influences the image output quality colorrendering quality for example in duplicating machine, the printer etc.The degree of staining of toner is created conditions according to toner or the change of toner character changes.The variation of toner degree of staining is mainly caused by the variation of the adhesive resin dispersiveness of the pigment that is used for colorant.For reducing the variation of toner degree of staining, for example TOHKEMY 2003-186248 communique (document 5), TOHKEMY 2004-287072 communique (document 6), TOHKEMY 2006-91066 communique (document 7), No. 3990214 communiques of TOHKEMY (document 8) disclose the technology of improving the adhesive resin dispersiveness of the pigment that is used for colorant in making toner.
And, TOHKEMY 2002-108147 communique (document 9) and TOHKEMY 2002-268479 communique (document 10) disclose developer box (toner Cartridge) and developing cell, and it is removably mounted in the image processing system and comprises data storage cell such as the ID chip of wherein having stored as the information of making number.
Yet, the premix developer supply system of prior art also has problem, promptly when the toner concentration (ratio of toner and developer) of developer in the developing cell when resting on relatively low level, even supply with new carrier and discharge excessive carrier, the coating of carrier also may be stripped from the developer.This layer peeled off the hickie that may cause in the output image.
By inquiry and research, the present inventor finds, above problem is to be caused by the create conditions change of the charged ability of the caused toner of difference (charged characteristic) in (environment, make machine, starting material character) of toner.Specifically, toner generally manufactures the carried charge that has in the standard of tolerance.Yet, in image processing system, using when containing carried charge and being almost the developer box of toner of its lower limit, the toner concentration in the developing cell may be controlled at relatively low level.Therefore, the collision of carrier particle in the easier generation developer, the generation that causes carrier to be peeled off.
For addressing this is that, the ratio of carrier in the developer box is redefined for big value can be the good method that the carried charge that solves toner is almost its lower limit.Yet when the carrier that uses carried charge to be almost the toner of its upper limit and to be set at height ratio became excessive, this method may cause different problems, i.e. the raising of the cost of developer box, weight and size.And the other method that overcomes the above problems is the standard of tolerance scope of dwindling the toner carried charge in manufacture process.Yet in this case, may reduce the output of toner, improve the cost of toner.
And, for the variation of toner degree of staining, even a spot of variation also can cause not enough, unsettled colorrendering quality in the output image.Consider the high-quality image of present needs, this is very important problem.
And the variation of toner degree of staining can greatly influence the colorrendering quality of output image, thereby especially when in developing process, using the toner with high degree of staining to obtain high repeatability with a small amount of toner for conserve energy.
Simultaneously, though disclosed technology can reduce the variation of toner degree of staining among the document 5-10, their effect is being restricted aspect the manufacturing of toner and the checkout procedure.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above problems, described developer box the purpose of this invention is to provide the developer box of premix developer supply system and comprises the image processing system of this developer box, even also can prevent when concentration in developer demonstrates the toner of variation that when containing the toner that charged ability changes or contain in manufacture process carrier from peeling off.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of developer box and comprises the image processing system of this developer box, no matter how the variation of described developer box toner degree of staining all realizes good, the stable colorrendering quality of output image under the situation that does not improve toner manufacturing or inspection cost.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide the developer box that comprises the developer of making by toner and carrier and be used for image processing system.This developer box comprises the internal container that contains this developer, the data storage cell of storing carrier containing ratio data in the contained developer of this internal container.
In the feature aspect above, in the manufacture process of developer box, determine the containing ratio of carrier according to the charged ability of the contained toner of internal container.
In the further feature aspect above, in the manufacture process of developer box, the containing ratio of carrier is set to little value when the charged ability of the contained toner of described internal container is high, and the containing ratio of carrier is set to big value when the charged ability of described toner is low.
In the further feature aspect above, in the manufacture process of developer box, with the charged capabilities setting of contained toner in this internal container is the charged ability of toner as described below, this toner be in the manufacturing identical batch, make with contained toner in the internal container and be different from internal container in carrier in the predetermined manufacturing batch of manufacturing batch of contained carrier mix.
In the further feature aspect above, in the manufacture process of developer box, with the charged capabilities setting of contained toner in this internal container is the charged ability of toner as described below, this toner be in the manufacturing identical batch, make with contained toner in this internal container and with this internal container in carrier in the manufacturing batch identical manufacturing batch of contained carrier mix.
According to a further aspect in the invention, image processing system comprises: be removably mounted on the aforesaid developer box in the image processing system main body; Make the developing cell of the image development that forms on the image-carrier; Directly or indirectly detect the toner concentration detecting unit of the toner concentration of contained developer in the described developer box; Developer is supplied to the developer replenishing unit of developing cell according to the testing result of toner concentration detecting unit from described developer box; Part developer in the described developing cell is discharged to outside developer deliverying unit; With read the data-reading unit that is stored in the data in the data storage cell.
In the feature aspect above, the developer replenishing unit changes the amount that supplies to the developer of developing cell from developer box according to the data that read by data-reading unit.
In the further feature aspect above, described developer replenishing unit reduces the supply of described developer when the containing ratio of carrier hangs down, and the supply that described developer replenishing unit improves described developer when the containing ratio of carrier is high, thereby described toner concentration is adjusted in the preset range.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the one-piece construction according to the image processing system of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is mounted in the skeleton view of the developer box in the image processing system;
Fig. 3 shows the structure of developer replenishing unit;
Fig. 4 is the skeleton view of developer box;
Fig. 5 shows the time dependent analog result of resistance when the carrier containing ratio changes;
Fig. 6 shows the time dependent test result of resistance when the carrier containing ratio changes;
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram of filling developer box in the manufacture process with developer;
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram of developer replenishing control in the image processing system;
Fig. 9 shows the structure of toner supply unit and image generation unit;
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram of toning dosage control in the image processing system;
Figure 11 shows the degree of staining of toner and the relation between the toner adsorbance; And
Figure 12 shows the one-piece construction of the image processing system of the developing cell comprise developer box integrated.
Embodiment
(first embodiment)
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.Identical Reference numeral is represented identical assembly in some accompanying drawings, and will simplify or avoid the repeat specification to them when suitable.
At first, one-piece construction and the operation of describing according to the image processing system of embodiment of the present invention with reference to figure 1,2.Fig. 1 display image forms the main body 1 of device (color printer), and it comprises: the defeated paper unit 2 that contains paper, carry out image and generate the image generation unit of handling 3, the intermediate transfer belt (image-carrier) 7 of overlapping and four kinds of color toner images of transfer printing on it, extend and support the roller 4 to 6 of intermediate transfer belt 7, form photoconductor drum (image-carrier) 8Y (yellow) of toner image on it, 8M (magenta), 8C (cyan), 8BK (black), exposing unit (writing unit) 9 based on image information emission laser, paper is transported to the opposing roller of intermediate transfer belt 7 to 10, toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 7 is transferred to the second transfer bias roller 11 of paper, with the fixation unit 12 of image fixing to the paper, paper is discharged to the paper discharge tray 13 on it after the photographic fixing, and contain four kinds of color (yellow respectively, magenta, cyan, black) the developer box 20Y of developer, 20M, 20C, 20BK.
Developer box 20Y, 20M, 20C, 20BK contain the toner and the carrier of yellow, magenta, cyan, black respectively.When the developer and its surplus that have consumed in the developing process (the premix developer supply of Miao Shuing after this) are wherein changed with new developer when almost nil.As shown in Figure 2, apparatus main body 1 comprises and is divided into tetrameric container reception portion 100, wherein developer box 20Y, 20M, 20C, 20BK respectively removably (replaceable) be placed in described four parts.This four part is provided with door 103 and thinks replacing developer box 20 and carry out ON/OFF.The back will be described the structure and the operation of developer box in detail.
Below, described coloured image general in the image processing system according to embodiment of the present invention and generated.In Fig. 1, be rotated counterclockwise four photoconductor drums (8Y, 8M, 8C, 8BK) in the image generation unit 3 and uniform charging carried out on its surface by charger.Then, the live part of photoconductor drum 8Y, 8M, 8C, 8BK is used for from exposing the laser radiation based on four kinds of color image information of unit 9.Thus, electrostatic latent image is formed on photoconductor drum 8Y, 8M, 8C, the 8BK, supplies with the toner of four kinds of colors respectively, and by developing cell 14 developments (Fig. 3).
The surface that makes photoconductor drum 8Y, 8M, 8C, 8BK is in the face of intermediate transfer belt 7, and described intermediate transfer belt 7 comprises the unshowned first transfer bias roller on their inside surfaces.By the first transfer bias roller developed image on photoconductor drum 8Y, 8M, 8C, the 8BK is transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 7 successively.
After the image transfer process, remaining toner is removed from the surface of photoconductor drum 8Y, 8M, 8C, 8BK by unshowned cleaning unit.Make photoconductor drum 8Y, 8M, 8C, 8BK by neutralisation unit then, this has just finished a series of images generative process.
Paper is transported to second transfer bias roller 11 to 10 from defeated paper unit 2 via the opposing roller.Specifically, paper via the intake roller paper feed, guides to opposing roller to 10 by carrying guide way from defeated paper unit 2, and is transported to the second transfer bias roller 11 during the toner image on transfer printing intermediate transfer belt 7.
After this, paper is guided in the roll gap between warm-up mill and backer roll the fixation unit 12 of color toner image fixing to the paper, and be discharged on the paper discharge tray 13 via distributing roller.This has finished a series of images forming process.
Next, will describe the developer replenishing unit 59 of image processing system with reference to figure 3 in detail.Fig. 3 shows from the structure of the developer replenishing unit 59 that apparatus main body 1 dorsal part is observed.The quantity of the developer replenishing unit 59 that provides in the apparatus main body 1 is four of quantity of corresponding toner color.Therefore four developer replenishing unit 59 have identical structure except the toner color, only show in them in the accompanying drawings and do not have alphanumeric codes (Y, M, C, BK).Note, for the sake of simplicity, Fig. 3 middle part component developer feed unit 59 has been rotated 90 degree.
As shown in Figure 3, developer replenishing unit 59 carries out supply according to the consumption of toner in the developing cell 14 to the developer (two-component developing agent) that is arranged in the developer box 20 in the container reception portion 100.Utilization is arranged on the developer box 20 in the container reception portion 100, and developer box 20 is connected with a end of delivery pipe (nozzle) 110 in being arranged on container reception portion 100.By cover (capmember) 30 is inserted in the developer box 20, bolt 50 is opened toner discharging port.This is transported to delivery pipe 110 with the developer in the internal container in the developer box 20 21 via cover 30.
The other end of delivery pipe 110 is connected to the end by the pipe made from the low flexible rubber material of the affinity of toner 65.The other end of pipe 65 is connected to helicoidal pump 60 (single pole eccentric screw pump).This helicoidal pump 60 is made up of rotor 61, stator 62, suction inlet 63, universal joint 64, motor 66 etc.This rotor 61 is made by Metallic rod and have helicla flute on its excircle.One end of this rotor is coupled with rotation mode by universal joint 64 and motor 66.This stator 62 is made and is included in by elastomeric material has the spiral fluted hole on its inner peripheral wall.This rotor 61 is inserted in the hole of this stator 62.
Thereby the helicoidal pump 60 of configuration like this sucks the developer in the developer box 20 via pipe 65 with air by the rotor 61 in motor 66 rotatable stators 62 from suction inlet 63.This developer is drawn onto slit between stator 62 and the rotor 61 from suction inlet 63.Along with the rotation of rotor 61, developer is transported to the other end from an end of rotor 61.The developer that penetrates from rotor 61 other ends is discharged to the outlet 67 of helicoidal pump 60 and is fed to developing cell 14 (with direction shown in the arrow Fig. 3) via supply mouth 68.According to present embodiment, 60 transport path is formed by flexible pipe 65 from developer box 20 to helicoidal pump, makes container reception portion 100 can freely be arranged at comparatively speaking the position away from developing cell 14.Present embodiment uses helicoidal pump 60 to come the supplying developing agent, yet, the invention is not restricted to this.Also can use membrane pump or spiral screw rod (auger screw).
Developing cell 14 is configured to comprise: be set in the face of the developer roller 19 of photoconductor drum 8, be set in the face of developer roller 19 first conveying screw rod 15, be set to via distance member 17 in the face of second conveying screw rod 16 of first conveying screw rod 15 be set to adjusting scraper 18 in the face of developer roller 19.Developing cell 14 contains the two-component developing agent of carrier and toner.
Describe the developing process in the image generative process in detail.Developer roller 19 is with the rotation of direction shown in the arrow among Fig. 3.Developer is gone up rotation by first and second conveying screw rods 15,16 at the length direction (direction of vertical accompanying drawing) of first and second conveying screw rods 15,16 and is circulated in developing cell 14, simultaneously with 59 developers of supplying mix and stir from the developer replenishing unit via supply mouth 68.This toner is adsorbed onto on the carrier by friction and is attached to the surface of developer roller 19.
Developer on the developer roller 19 is transported to regulates scraper 18, suitably regulates its amount by this adjusting scraper 18, is transported to the surface of developer roller 19 and the development district between the photoconductor drum 8 then.In this developed the district, the toner in the developer attracted to the electrostatic latent image that forms on the photoconductor drum 8.Specifically, this toner attracted on the sub-image in an electric field (develop), and wherein this electric field is formed by the sub-image current potential (exposure current potential) of the image section that shines with laser (exposure current potential) and the potential difference (PD) (development current potential) that is applied between the development bias voltage of developer roller 19.
In the present embodiment, the developer in the developer box 20 comes supply according to the consumption (variation of toner concentration) of toner in the developing cell 14.The magnetic sensor 85 of developing cell 14 (toner concentration detecting unit) directly detects the consumption of toner in the developing cell 14, and perhaps unshowned light reflective sensor (toner concentration detecting unit) in the face of photoconductor drum 8 carries out indirect detection to it.This magnetic sensor 85 detects the toner concentration (ratio of toner in the developer) of developer in the developing cell 14.According to testing result, the new reagent that will contain the estimated rate toner supplies to developing cell 14 by helicoidal pump 60 preset times of operating developer replenishing unit 59, thereby toner concentration is adjusted in the preset range.
As shown in Figure 3, now, escape hole 81 (developer deliverying unit) is arranged at and forms on the wall of the transport path of first conveying screw rod 15, thereby the part developer is discharged to outer tank 80 outside the transport path from developing cell 14.The effect of escape hole 81 be when the bottom of from the supply of developer replenishing unit 59 amount of developer being brought up to above escape hole 81 with developing cell 14 in excessive developer be discharged to storage tank 80.Being excessive developer discharges to fall storage tank 80 through discharge path from the bottom of escape hole 81 under himself action of gravity.As mentioned above, adopted above-mentioned premix developer supply system according to the image processing system of present embodiment, it can be changed in time toner concentration is maintained in the preset range, and can prevent outside the developing cell 14 because the caused deterioration of image quality of variation of toner concentration by being discharged to automatically owing to carrier as the caused deterioration of resin of toner materials or adjuvant.
Next, describe developer box 20 in detail with reference to figure 4.Developer box 20 among Fig. 4 mainly is made up of internal container 21 and cover 30, and internal container 21 is made up of bag part 22 and adapter 24.Bag part 22 is that the flexible sheet material 22a to 22e of 80-200 μ m makes by thermal weld by the thickness of tygon, nylon etc. Side sheet material 22c, 22d and the top-sheet 22e of bag part 22 comprise broken line 23 separately.Bag part 22 can closely fold along broken line 23 according to the developer discharge of container 21 internally.Therefore, in the present embodiment, developer box 20 is deformable bags, and the capacity of developer also improves the operability of changing developer thereby it can effectively keep wherein.
As shown in Figure 4, the adapter 24 of being made by resin material is fixed to the opening of bag part 22 by thermal weld.This can guarantee bag part 22 and take over impermeability between 24 the periphery.And, take over 24 be provided with outlet (interior bone) thus with developer container 21 discharges internally.
And the cover 30 of developer box 20 is configured to comprise the ID chip 70 (data storage cell) of the carrier containing ratio of wherein storing developer in the developer box 20.According to present embodiment,, change in the developer box 20 ratio (carrier containing ratio) of toner and carrier in the contained developer according to the charged ability of toner when in manufacture process, filling developer box 20 with developer.The carrier containing ratio charged ability according to toner in the manufacture process of developer box 20 that is storage in the ID chip 70 is determined.Specifically, when the charged ability of contained toner in the developer box was high, the carrier containing ratio was set to little, and when the charged ability of contained toner in the developer box was low, the carrier containing ratio was set to greatly.And in the present embodiment, the charged ability of toner is meant the carried charge of toner, this toner be in the manufacturing identical batch, make with contained toner in the developer box 20 and mix with the carrier of in predetermined make batch, making.And, the charged ability of toner can be set to the carried charge of following toner, this toner be in the manufacturing identical batch, make with contained toner in the developer box 20 and with developer box 20 in the carrier made in the identical manufacturing of contained carrier batch mix.
As shown in Figure 2, the developer box 20 that will have a this structure is positioned in door 103 container reception portions of opening 100.Developer box 20 is set to cooperate with closing of door 103, and groove 36 cooperates with the projection of container reception portion 100, and inserts delivery pipe 110 promotions of the bolt 50 of escape hole 41 (Fig. 3) by container reception portion 100.Therefore, during being provided with of the developer box 20 in finishing container reception portion 100, the developer in the developer box 20 is ready to supply to developing cell 14 by developer replenishing unit 59 (Fig. 3).
Here, the ID chip 70 of developer box 20 in the face of the antenna 120 (data-reading unit) that is provided with in the container reception portion 100 (Fig. 3).Antenna 120 reads in the ID chip 70 the carrier containing ratio data of storage and it is transferred to the control module that changes from developer box 20 to developing cell 14 developer replenishing amount according to these data.Specifically, even do not change from the testing result of magnetic sensor 85, the time span of helicoidal pump 60 operations of developer replenishing unit 59 also changes along with the change of carrier containing ratio.How this toner concentration that makes developer in the developer box 20 no matter variation of carrier containing ratio (or toner containing ratio) is regulated in preset range, makes output have the image of stable density.Therefore, control developer replenishing unit 59 to be hour reducing the supply that is supplied to the developer of developing cell 14 and improves developer when its carrier containing ratio is big at the carrier containing ratio of developer box 20, thereby the toner concentration of developer in the developing cell 14 is adjusted in the preset range.
Simultaneously, for developer box 20 is separated from container reception portion 100, carry out above-mentioned setting operation on the contrary.Promptly opening of door 103 makes delivery pipe 110 discharge and angular force by unshowned spring makes bolt 50 move to the position of closing escape hole 41 from cover 30.Then, open door 103, developer box 20 is separated from container reception portion 100.
Note, should be appreciated that in the present embodiment, the data of carrier containing ratio comprise the toner containing ratio of developer in the developer box 20.This be because the toner containing ratio from the carrier containing ratio of developer box 20 as can be known.
And, ID chip 70 can also store various kinds of data except the carrier containing ratio for example toner information (toner color), developer are made number (make batch) or date or recovery information (as the number of times or the date of reclaiming, the perhaps title of recovery plant).And present embodiment is configured to, the ID chip 70 of developer box 20 can with the antenna 120 of apparatus main body 1 with non-contacting mode communication.But it also can be configured to, ID chip 70 and the mode communication of antenna 120 to contact.And present embodiment uses ID chip 70 as data storage cell, yet, the invention is not restricted to this.Can use any given data memory device that can read and write data to substitute ID chip 70.
Below, specific descriptions are according to the structure of the image processing system of present embodiment and the feature of operation.In the present embodiment, before filling developer box 20, measure with developer each make batch in the carried charge of toner.Based on this toner carried charge, for each makes batch carrier containing ratio (premix rate) of definite developer of being filled.
The following measurement of carrying out the toner carried charge.At first, by bowl mill S4-2 (by Ito Seisakusyo co., Ltd make) with the rotating speed of 280rpm with the toner mixing preset time of the carrier of 50g and concentration 8 weight % (weight portion) with the production developer.Then, take out 3g developer and toner that will be wherein at stream of nitrogen gas pressure 1.5 ± 0.1 (kg weight/cm that blows off
2) condition under be dispersed in the SUB316 that places the equipment TB-200 that blows off (Toyo company) online (at interval 635), thereby measure the carried charge Q[μ C that disperses toner] and mass M [g] and obtain carried charge Q/M[-μ C/g].The time of carrier and toner being mixed 60 seconds or 600 seconds.Here, the carried charge that mixes 60 seconds toner is called TA60 and the carried charge that will mix 600 seconds toner is called TA600.
The charged characteristic of carrier may slightly change in each is made batch, but to compare with toner be little in this variation.With the carrier storage in predetermined make batch is the canonical measure carrier, and this standard vector is used for determining the standard deviation of toner carried charge.In the present embodiment, the standard deviation of toner carried charge (TA60, TA600) is defined as:
35(-μC/g)≤TA60≤47(-μC/g)26(-μC/g)≤TA600≤37(-μC/g)
TA60 has mainly showed the rising characteristic of this developer.TA60 crosses when hanging down, and the toner carried charge rises insufficient for toner replenishing, causes polluting output image or toner and disperses from developing cell 14.On the contrary, when TA60 is too high, after the supply in the short time, the carried charge difference of the toner of developer is excessive in supply toner and the developing cell 14, make supply toner with high-band electric weight mixes with developer and may be when charged by carrier with developer in the toner release that contained originally.This also can cause polluting output image or toner disperses from developing cell 14.
TA600 mainly shows the level that becomes the carried charge when stablizing when developer in the abundant stirring of toner and carrier and after mixing.TA600 crosses when low, and the carried charge of developer is generally low, and TA600 is when too high, and the carried charge of developer is generally height.And, carried charge difference excessive between toner development unit 14 contained developers and the TA600 causes the inhomogeneous of developer carried charge, thereby causes because the caused image contamination of non-homogeneous developing performance, toner disperses and the inhomogeneity of output image density.
Present embodiment has considered in the developing cell 14 that toner concentration through regulating is with the carrier containing ratio (premix toner) of contained developer in the developer box 20 that each manufacturing batch is set based on TA600 value.Relation between TA600 value and the carrier containing ratio is as follows:
TA600=26 to 28 (μ C/g) → carrier containing ratio=20 weight %
TA600=29 to 33 (μ C/g) → carrier containing ratio=15 weight %
TA600=34 to 37 (μ C/g) → carrier containing ratio=10 weight %
The carrier containing ratio is the parameter of regulating according to development conditions, toner character condition or carrier character condition, described development conditions is developer roller 19 and the rotating speed of first and second conveying screw rods 15,16, the capacity of developer, the controlling level of toner concentration for example, described toner character condition is the specification or the shape of particle of toner adjuvant for example, and described carrier character condition for example applies the specification of agent, the thickness or the shape of particle of coated film.
For estimating the deterioration of carrier, can estimate the degree of peeling off of carrier with respect to the variation of the working time of developing cell from the resistance of carrier.Be to obtain resistance, can toner be removed and the gained carrier poured into (gap 2mm) between the parallel pole that is used for resistance measurement and apply the direct current of 200V from developer by the equipment of blowing off.After past 30 seconds, resistance is by high resistance instrumentation amount and change into specific insulation in the hope of the carrier resistance R.In the present embodiment, the desired value of carrier resistance R is set at LogR=10 (Ω cm) or higher.When Log R＜10, carrier separates and is attached to electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor drum from developer roller easily when the potential difference (PD) that is applied to developer roller and the development bias voltage of electrostatic latent image is big, thereby may cause the hickie in the image section on the spot.Carrier is peeled off and is caused taking place resistance and descend, so the carrier minimizing of peeling off can prevent the minimizing of resistance.
Fig. 5 shown, when image processing system moves under certain development conditions that obtains by simulation, and when changing the carrier containing ratio, the time dependent analog result of the resistance of carrier.In the figure, horizontal ordinate is represented the resistance value of representing carrier by the amount of images (number) and the ordinate of image processing system printing.It is 0% that curve W0 represents carrier containing ratio (premix rate), and it is 10% that curve W10 represents carrier containing ratio (premix rate), and it is 15% that curve W15 represents the carrier containing ratio, and it is 20% that curve W20 represents the carrier containing ratio, and curve W40 to represent the carrier containing ratio be 40%.Thick vertical line M represents the target life objective of developer and the lower limit that thick dashed line K represents carrier resistance.Notice that the lower limit of controlled toner concentration (TC) is set at 6 weight % in the simulation of Fig. 5.The carrier containing ratio is determined for the value of the target life objective of toner concentration controlled in the image processing system (controlled TC), its controlled condition based on the analog result among Fig. 5 (TC condition) and developer.Then, determine relation between TA600 value and the carrier containing ratio by controlled TC that obtains by test before and the relation between the TA600 value.
Fig. 6 shows the time dependent test result of resistance of carrier when carrier containing ratio and TA600 value change in according to the image processing system of present embodiment.In the figure, horizontal ordinate is represented the resistance value of representing carrier by the amount of images (number) and the ordinate of image processing system printing.Curve R10 represent the carrier containing ratio be 10% and TA600 be 28 (μ C/g), curve R20 represent the carrier containing ratio be 20% and TA600 be 28 (μ C/g), curve R40 represent the carrier containing ratio be 40% and TA600 be 28 (μ C/g), and curve Q10 represent the carrier containing ratio be 10% and TA600 be 34 (μ C/g).Thick vertical line M represents the target life objective of developer and the lower limit that thick dashed line K represents carrier resistance.In the test of Fig. 6, the image area of output image than be set at 5% and the paper number of each operation printing be set at 5.The test result of Fig. 6 has confirmed that the analog result of Fig. 5 generally speaking is correct.
In the present embodiment, storage is used for determining the charged characteristic (TA60, TA600 measure) of product of toner to the carrier in predetermined make batch as standard vector.And the carrier containing ratio that contains the developer (premix toner) of toner is determined based on the TA600 value of measuring.Yet other carriers in the manufacturing identical with standard vector batch also can be used for the measurement of TA600 to determine the carrier containing ratio.This can measure the carried charge that comprises subtle change in the carrier more accurately and determine the carrier containing ratio based on the carried charge of accurate measurement.
Fig. 7 is the process flow diagram that during fabrication developer is filled into the process in the developer box 20.Make toner at step SA1, and the toner in step SA2 makes batch each is measured and is detected with the character of determining toner whether in manufacturer's standard.Then, measure TA600 value as the character characteristic with definite carrier containing ratio (step SA3).Then, developer (premix toner) is filled in the developer box by following.
At first, the predetermined carrier concn (perhaps toner concentration) that is set at 92 weight % in step SA4 in present embodiment is made developer.This developer is made in the mode identical with the developer set in the developing cell of back of the developer that presets or carry in when transportation developing cell.In step 5, the scheduled volume developer of carrier rate 92 weight % is poured in the developer filling machine, according to destination carrier containing ratio (table 1) developer of scheduled volume is poured into wherein extraly then.The developer filling machine is filled into (step SA8) in the developer box with the developer of scheduled volume.Change the extra loading of developer according to the containing ratio of carrier shown in the table 1.
(table 1)
| Carrier containing ratio (weight %) | Loading (g) |
| 10 | 121 |
| 15 | 192 |
| 20 | 272 |
At step SA6, the toner of scheduled volume is poured in the toner filling machine according to the destination carrier containing ratio.This toner filling machine is filled into the toner of scheduled volume in the developer box in step SA9.Change the scheduled volume of toner according to the containing ratio of carrier shown in the table 2.
(table 2)
| Carrier containing ratio (weight %) | Loading (g) |
| 10 | 992 |
| 15 | 985 |
| 20 | 979 |
As mentioned above, not that carrier and toner are filled in the developer box respectively, wherein make the toner particle in all carrier particles and the developer box is combined in the mode of electricity but premix developer and toner be filled into.Therefore, toner is dispersed in the developer box.
And in step SA7, the carrier containing ratio that step SA3 is determined writes ID chip 70 by data write unit.Then, at step SA10, the ID chip 70 of having stored carrier containing ratio data is installed on the developer box 20 that is filled with developer.
Fig. 8 is at the process flow diagram according to the control of the developer supply in the image processing system of present embodiment.In the figure, at step SA20, when being installed in the container reception portion 100 of apparatus main body 1, developer box 20 do not give the alarm.In step SA21, the message of " wishing the dress developer box good health " is presented on the display unit of apparatus main body 1.In step SA22, determine whether to have installed developer box.When yet developer box not being installed, repeat SA21 step afterwards.When developer box had been installed, in step SA23, the carrier containing ratio data that 120 pairs on antenna is stored in ID chip 70 read and store.
In step 24, developer replenishing unit 59 changes from developer box 20 to developing cell 14 quantity delivered according to the carrier containing ratio that reads.Specifically, best service time coefficient is determined according to the carrier containing ratio that reads in developer replenishing unit 59.According to present embodiment, in step SA24, the working time of the helicoidal pump 60 by changing developer replenishing unit 59 and developer be to the relation table of the quantity delivered of developing cell 14, is adjusted to the toner concentration of developer in the developing cell 14 constant.Specifically, in the present embodiment, the carrier containing ratio be 10% o'clock be 1 with the service time coefficient settings, when the carrier containing ratio is 15%, be 1.06, and when the carrier containing ratio is 20%, be 1.13 the service time coefficient settings with the service time coefficient settings.
Therefore, by change the carrier containing ratio of developer box 20 contained developers according to the carried charge of toner in the developer, can be optimized and prevent owing to carrier is peeled off the developer degradation that causes the controlling level of toner concentration in the developing cell 14.Therefore, can prevent to have output image as the defective of hickie.And, need not to increase the kind of carrier, can obtain more accurate toner charged characteristic and make and can utilize minimum carrier to realize the effect of premix developer supply system.In addition, even use the developer box with different carriers containing ratio also can not influence the toner concentration of developer in the developing cell 14, this makes output image have constant density.
Next, the developer (carrier and toner) that uses according in the developing cell 14 of present embodiment is described.In the present embodiment, the average particle size of carrier is 20 to 65 μ m.This is because average particle size during less than 20 μ m, and the uniformity coefficient of particle descends and pearl may be taken place and takes (bead carry-over) out of, thereby and average particle size during greater than 65 μ m the repeatability of image detail worsen and can not obtain high meticulous image.Notice that the average particle size of carrier is measured more than 0.7 μ m by the little mark particle-size analyzer of SRA type (Nikkiso Co., Ltd. system) in the scope below the 125 μ m.In this was measured, methyl alcohol was as the solvent of the fluid dispersion of refractive index 1.33.The refractive index of carrier and core material is set at 2.42.
The average thickness of the coated film of carrier is set at 0.05 μ m (preferred 0.05-1.00 μ m) below 4.00 μ m.When average thickness during less than 0.05 μ m, the projection that the thickness of coated film is not enough to be coated with particle makes this projection to be fallen by friction or may expose core material, reduces the resistance of carrier.When average thickness during,, cause the decline of image fineness because big carrier particle has reduced the charged ability of carrier greater than 4.00 μ m.
For obtaining high meticulous coloured image, present embodiment is used the spherical toner of the polymerization of small grain size.The equal granularity of the body of this toner is that 3 to 8 μ m and its average roundness are 0.13 to 1.00.Use this toner can improve the resolution and the transfer printing performance of image, realize the preferable image quality.And being primary particle diameter with adjuvant adds toner less than the hydrophobic silica of 20nm with mass ratio (hydrophobic silica/toner) 0.3 to 5.0 quality %.This allows to keep the flowability of small grain size toner.
Can use distribution of particles counter such as Coulter counter TA-II or Coulter multisizer II (both are by Beckman Coulter, and Inc. makes) to measure the equal granularity of body of toner based on the Ku Erte counting method.This measurement is carried out according to following.The surfactant (preferred alkyl benzene sulfonate) of 0.1-5.0ml is added the electrolyte aqueous solution of the NaCl aqueous solution of 100-150ml wherein about 1% with a grade sodium chloride (for example, Beckman Coulter, the ISOTON-II of Inc.) adjusting.Then, the sample that adds 2-20mg.The aqueous solution that wherein the is suspended with sample ultrasonic disperser by aperture 100 μ m is disperseed about 1-3 minute with the number of the volume of measurement toner and toner particle and calculate toner volume distributed median and distributed number.Obtain equal granularity of body (D4) and number average particle size from this distribution that calculates.Passage used herein is 13 following passages: 2.00 μ m are below 2.52 μ m, 2.52 μ m is below 3.17 μ m, 3.17 μ m is below 4.00 μ m, 4.00 μ m is below 5.04 μ m, 5.04 μ m is below 6.35 μ m, 6.35 μ m is below 8.00 μ m, 8.00 μ m is below 10.08 μ m, 10.08 μ m is below 12.70 μ m, 12.70 μ m is below 16.00 μ m, 16.00 μ m is below 20.20 μ m, 20.20 μ m is below 25.40 μ m, 25.40 μ m is below 32.00 μ m, with 32.00 μ m below 40.30 μ m.To measuring to the toner particle below the 40.30 μ m more than the big or small 2.00 μ m.
The circularity A of above toner is expressed as:
Circularity A=L
0/ L
L wherein
0Be that girth and the L that has a circle of same projection size with particle picture is the length of side of particle projected image.Circularity is the index of the concavity/convexity of toner particle.Perfectly spherical toner will show 1.00 circularity, and the complicated more then circularity of surface configuration is more little.Circularity can be measured by flow model particle image analyzer FPIA-2000 (being made by Sysmex Corporation) according to following.At first, in container, prepare the water that 100-150ml does not contain solid impurity, then 0.1-0.5ml is added in the entry as surfactant (preferred alkyl benzene sulfonate) and about 0.1-0.5g sample of spreading agent.This suspending liquid passes through ultrasonic decollator with 3,000-10, and the concentration of 000/μ l is disperseed about 1-3 minute to measure the shape of toner with above-mentioned image analyzer.
And the shape coefficient SF-1 of the toner that uses in the present embodiment is 100-180 as 100-180 and shape coefficient SF-2.This amount that allows to be attached to the adjuvant of a toner particle increases, thereby the amount that improves inorganic particles is avoided external carbuncle with carrier collision etc. with protection toner parent surface.And this toner contains the following fine tuning toner powder of 2 μ m below 30%.When the concentration of fine tuning toner powder surpassed 30%, the amount that is attached to the inorganic particles of a toner particle reduced, and has increased the gathering of toner particle, the dispersiveness of toner in the developer when reducing the mobile of developer and reducing supply.
Shape coefficient SF-1 represents the circularity of toner shape.When shape coefficient SF-1 is 100, the toner shape will be perfect sphere.SF-1 is big more, and then the toner shape is irregular more.SF-1 is expressed from the next:
SF-1＝{(MXLNG)
2/AREA}×(100π/4)
Wherein MXLNG is that maximum length and the AREA that projects to the toner shape on the two dimensional surface is the area of toner shape.
Shape coefficient SF-2 represents the ratio of the concavity and the convexity of toner shape.When being 100, shape coefficient SF-2 do not have unevenness on the surface of toner.SF-2 is big more, and unevenness is obvious more.SF-2 is expressed from the next:
SF-2＝{(PERI)
2/AREA}×(100π/4)
Wherein PERI is that circumference and the AREA that projects to toner shape on the two dimensional surface is the area of toner shape.Specifically, shape coefficient is by following measurement: take the image of toner with scanning electron microscope S-800 (Hitachi Limited system), and the data input picture analyser LUSEX3 (Nireco Corporation system) on the image is used for analytical calculation.
Toner is not limited to aforesaid toner, and can use other known toner as there not being oily toner.This does not have oily toner and contains adhesive resin, colorant and release agent.This does not have oily toner can not be coated with the fixation unit 12 that prevents to be used to comprise under the oil condition that toner adheres to warm-up mill (fixing roller).Move to used toner on the carrier surface though release agent wherein may occur in no oily toner, premix developer supply system can supply with toner and carrier simultaneously.Therefore, compare with supply toner only, it can significantly improve the tolerance to used toner, and making can the good toner qualities of long term maintenance.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, developer box 20 is configured to comprise the ID chip 70 (data storage cell) of wherein having stored contained developer carrier containing ratio.This can prevent reliably that carrier from peeling off, even the toner concentration of developer demonstrates because the caused variation of variation of the charged ability of toner in the toner manufacture process in the developing cell 14.
And present embodiment is used deformable bag type developer box 20.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this and be applicable to the developer box of other type, for example have the bottle type or the box type of non deformable rigid walls.This other developer box can obtain the effect identical with present embodiment by the data storage cell that comprises storage developer carrier containing ratio.
Present embodiment adopts the wherein developing cell of two conveying screw rods of horizontal positioned.Yet, the present invention be applicable to other developing cell for example wherein the vertical developing cell of placing of two conveying screw rods, wherein place the developing cell of three above conveying screw rods or be included in the oar type transfer unit of supplying developing agent on the shorter direction rather than the developing cell of first conveying screw rod 15 of supplying developing agent in the longitudinal direction.These other developing cells can obtain the effect identical with present embodiment.
(second embodiment)
First embodiment has been described the developer box of the premix developer supply system of the ID chip that comprises memory carrier containing ratio data.Second embodiment comprises description the developer box that contains color toner of the ID chip of storage toner degree of staining data.
Below the part that second embodiment is different from first embodiment will only be described.Identical or equivalent assemblies gives the figure notation identical with first embodiment in second embodiment, therefore, and will the descriptions thereof are omitted.
Fig. 9 shows the developer replenishing unit 59 that also comprises charhing unit 25, exposing unit 9, intermediate transfer belt 7 and cleaning unit 26 in Fig. 3 the parts.It also comprises below with toner quantity sensor 28, control module 84 and the power supply unit 82,83 described in detail.Dotted arrow among this figure represent these unit and the bias voltage that applied between signal flow.
And the degree of staining of contained toner is measured in the manufacture process of toner in the developer box 20 in the present embodiment.The degree of staining data of gained toner are write the ID chip 70 of the developer box that contains toner.
Notice that developer box 20 has the structure identical with first embodiment in the present embodiment except the degree of staining that only contains toner and ID chip 70 storage toners.
And, in the present embodiment the degree of staining of ID chip 70 storage be with developer box 20 in the degree of staining of toner in the identical manufacturing of contained toner batch.That is, the degree of staining of toner is measured in each is made batch and measurement data stores in the ID chip 70 of all developer boxes 20 that contain the toner of making in same batch.The degree of staining of toner is by using color copy machine " remodeling Imageo Neo C600 (Ricoh, Co., Ltd. system) " with 0.400 ± 0.005/cm
2Toning dosage go up printing monochrome image and measuring on the spot at paper (Ricoh, Co., the 6000/70W type of Ltd.).Then, this on the spot image measure down in certain condition (light source setting: D50, the visual angles of 2 degree) with 938 type densitometers (X-Rite Inc. system).
As shown in Figure 2, this developer box 20 is installed in door 103 container reception portions of opening 100.Match with closing of door 103, the groove 36 of developer box 20 covers 30 is matched with the projection of container reception portion 100, and the delivery pipe by container reception portion 100 110 promotes to be inserted into the bolt 50 (Fig. 9) in the escape hole 41.Thus, during the installation of developer box 20, the developer in the developer box 20 has been ready to supply to developing cell 14 (Fig. 9) by developer replenishing unit 59 in finishing container reception portion 100.
Here, the ID chip 70 of developer box 20 in the face of be arranged in the container reception portion 100 antenna 120 (data-reading unit) (Fig. 9).Antenna 120 reads the toner degree of staining data that are stored in the ID chip 70 and it is transferred to the control module 84 of going up the toning dosage of toner image according to the adjustment of data photoconductor drum 8 (and/or intermediate transfer belt 7) that reads.That is, can meticulous adjusting be adsorbed on the amount that photoconductor drum 8 (and/or intermediate transfer belt 7) is gone up toner based on the degree of staining of toner by the developing cell in the developing process 14.
Specifically, present embodiment is configured to be included in after the developing process and the primary transfer process detects the toner quantity sensor 28 (toner amount detection unit) of the toning dosage of toner image on the photoconductor drum 8 before.This toner quantity sensor 28 is the catoptrics detecting devices with the tone pattern that forms on photoconductor drum 8 under the schedule time in the optical mode measurement image generative process (being different from the time that produces image on the paper).Control module 84 (toning DM unit) changes the toning dosage of toner image according to the testing result of toner quantity sensor 28.And control module 84 is regulated the development current potential subtly and is controlled to desired value with the dosage of will mixing colours.Specifically, control module 84 is controlled the voltage of the power supply unit 83 that puts on exposing unit 9 or the development bias voltage of the power supply unit that is used for developing cell 14 82 that control is applied to developer roller 19.Control module is proofreaied and correct the toning dosage of toner image by this way according to the degree of staining of toner, thereby hour increases toning dosage and reduce toning dosage when the degree of staining of toner is big at the degree of staining of toner.Even under the situation that the degree of staining of toner changes in developer box 20, this also can obtain good, stable output image.Note, will specifically describe the flow process of toning dosage control with reference to Figure 10,11 afterwards.
Simultaneously, for from container reception portion 100 dismounting developer boxes 20, be reversed above-mentioned fitting operation.That is, open door 103 and discharge delivery pipes 110 and the angular force by not shown spring moves on to bolt 50 position of closing escape hole 41 from cover 30.Then, open door 103, developer box 20 is removed from container reception portion 100.
Below, with reference to Figure 10, the 11 toning dosage control of describing according to the image processing system of present embodiment.In Figure 10, at step SB1, toning dosage control procedure begins at the fixed time.Then, regulate toner quantity sensor 28 (reflective optical sensors) at step SB2 thus receiving the output that the luminous quantity of normal reflection light time by adjusting luminescent device (LED) has 4V.Such toning dosage control can carry out during at once preheating time after the energising of the power supply (main switch) of apparatus main body 1 or finish the image output of predetermined quantity after carry out.Though toner quantity sensor 28 was regulated before the dosage control that begins to mix colours, and was not always need regulate it.
At step SB3, control module 84 obtains the testing result (output: Vt) of the magnetic sensor 85 of developing cell 14.As mentioned above, this testing result be used for developer replenishing unit 59 control from developer box 20 to developing cell 14 toner supply.
At step SB4, in above-mentioned image generative process, on photoconductor drum 8, produce the tone pattern.This is in order to detect the slope of toning dosage (development capability) with respect to development γ (development current potential=development bias voltage-sub-image current potential).Specifically, produce on the main scanning direction 5 tone patterns of 16mm width on the 15mm width and sub scanning direction with 50mm direction of scanning at interval in the position of photoconductor drum 8 Widths.They are by make visual generation of tone pattern of the sub-image current potential of formation when charge bias voltage and development bias voltage are fixed as particular value and change exposure gradually.
At step SB5, toner quantity sensor 28 detects the toning dosage of tone illustration case on the photoconductor drum 8.At step SB6, calculate development γ and development starting potential from the toning dosage and the relation between the development current potential that detect by toner quantity sensor 28.That is, find out as the development current potential of X-axis and as the linear function between the toning dosage of Y-axis based on least square method.On behalf of the intercept of development γ and X-axis, the slope of this linear function represent the development starting potential.Relation between four colour toners amounts and the development current potential is stored among the RAM of control module 84 of apparatus main body 1.Thus, temporarily determine target toning dosage.Target toning dosage is meant the toner image that forms under the predetermined condition toning dosage of part on the spot on intermediate transfer belt 7.
At step SB7, determine in control module 84, whether to exist the data of the degree of staining of any toner that detects by antenna 120.At step SB8, utilize the degree of staining data in the control module 84, determine toning dosage based on these data.That is, finally determine that based on the degree of staining data part goes up target toning dosage on the spot, and the temporary transient target toning dosage that step SB6 obtains is proofreaied and correct (upgrading) is the final goal dosage of mixing colours.
Figure 11 shows the degree of staining (data of storage in the ID chip 70) of toner and the relation between the controlled toning dosage (the toning dosage on the part on the spot).When the degree of staining hour control module 84 of toner (toning DM unit) improves toning dosage on the part on the spot, and the toning dosage on control module 84 reduces on the spot partly when the degree of staining of toner is big.For example, it is 1.40 o'clock at the degree of staining of toner, as needs 0.429 (mg/cm
2) toning dosage when obtaining target Cmax (ID=1.5) as shown in figure 11 on the spot the toning dosage on the part to proofread and correct be 0.437 (mg/cm
2).Similarly, it is 1.50 o'clock at the degree of staining of toner, as needs 0.408 (mg/cm
2) toning dosage when obtaining target Cmax (ID=1.5) on the spot the toning dosage on the part to proofread and correct be 0.400 (mg/cm
2).Degree of staining at toner is 1.60 o'clock, as needs 0.375 (mg/cm
2) toning dosage when obtaining target Cmax (ID=1.5) as shown in figure 11 on the spot the toning dosage on the part to proofread and correct be 0.383 (mg/cm
2).Note, among Figure 11, be set to 1.5 ± 0.1 according to the scope of the standard deviation degree of staining of used toner in the present embodiment.
Therefore, even take place because toner is created conditions or during the variation of the caused toner degree of staining of toner change of properties, also can export according to the image processing system of present embodiment and to have image stable, accurate colorrendering quality, because this image processing system has been proofreaied and correct the value of toning dosage according to the degree of staining of used every kind of toner.
And in the prior art, the image processing system toning dosage of part on the spot is controlled to be 0.400 (mg/cm
2Thereby) obtain target Cmax (ID=1.5) and control the toner degree of staining in 1.50 ± 0.05 scope.Therefore, reduced because the caused colorrendering quality of difference that toner is made batch and the variation of concentration.On the contrary, have good color reproduction and do not have the image of variable density and do not increase toner manufacturing cost or inspection cost even when using degree of staining to exceed the toner of above scope, also can export, because it can be based on the degree of staining optimization of the used toner target toning dosage on the part on the spot according to the image processing system of present embodiment.
Obtained among the performing step SB8 the required development current potential of target toning dosage (density of image on the spot) of part on the spot at step SB10.The dosage of the target of part toning on the spot obtains by using the development γ and the development starting potential adjusting development bias voltage that obtain at step SB6.The development bias voltage is the voltage that is applied to developer roller 19 from power supply unit 82, and the sub-image current potential is exposure and the voltage that is applied to exposing unit 9 from power supply unit 83.SB11 finishes control procedure in step.
And when not having the degree of staining data that read by antenna 120 at step SB7, inciting somebody to action on the spot at step SB9, the target toning dosage of part is set at predetermined value.Control module 84 is proofreaied and correct the toning dosage of part on the spot according to predetermined degree of staining.For example, when the developer box with non-orthodox school is installed in the apparatus main body 1, may not obtain the degree of staining data of toner.In this case, wherein the characteristic of toner is unknown, makes apparatus main body 1 use predetermined degree of staining data run.Preferably on the display unit of apparatus main body 1, show the message that toning dosage control and image adjustment are not carried out based on present colorant data, perhaps this message is sent to the client personal computer of management printing machine information.
Next the toner that uses in the present embodiment is described.For obtaining high meticulous coloured image, present embodiment is used the spherical polymerization toner of small grain size.The equal granularity of the body of this toner (Dv) is that the ratio (Dv/Dn) of 3-8 μ m and equal granularity of body and number average particle size (Dn) is 1.00-1.40.Its average roundness is 0.93-1.00.Use this toner can improve the resolution and the transfer printing performance of image, realize the preferable image quality.
Can use distribution of particles counter such as Coulter counter TA-II or Coulter multisizer II (both are by Beckman Coulter, and Inc. makes) to measure the equal granularity of body of toner based on the Ku Erte counting method.This measurement is carried out according to following.The surfactant (preferred alkyl benzene sulfonate) of 0.1-5.0ml is added the electrolyte aqueous solution of the NaCl aqueous solution of 100-150ml wherein about 1% with a grade sodium chloride (for example, Beckman Coulter, the ISOTON-II of Inc.) adjusting.Then, the sample that adds 2-20mg.The aqueous solution that wherein the is suspended with sample ultrasonic disperser by aperture 100 μ m is disperseed about 1-3 minute with the number of the volume of measurement toner and toner particle and calculate toner volume distributed median and distributed number.Obtain equal granularity of body (D4) and number average particle size (D1) from this distribution that calculates.Passage used herein is 13 following passages: 2.00 μ m are below 2.52 μ m, 2.52 μ m is below 3.17 μ m, 3.17 μ m is below 4.00 μ m, 4.00 μ m is below 5.04 μ m, 5.04 μ m is below 6.35 μ m, 6.35 μ m is below 8.00 μ m, 8.00 μ m is below 10.08 μ m, 10.08 μ m is below 12.70 μ m, 12.70 μ m is below 16.00 μ m, 16.00 μ m is below 20.20 μ m, 20.20 μ m is below 25.40 μ m, 25.40 μ m is below 32.00 μ m, with 32.00 μ m below 40.30 μ m.To measuring to the toner particle below the 40.30 μ m more than the big or small 2.00 μ m.
The circularity A of above toner is expressed as:
Circularity A=L
0/ L
L wherein
0Be that girth and the L that has a circle of same projection size with particle picture is the length of side of particle projected image.Circularity is the concavity/convexity index of toner particle.Perfectly spherical toner will show 1.00 circularity, and the complicated more then circularity of surface configuration is more little.Circularity can be measured by flow model particle image analyzer FPIA-2000 (being made by Sysmex Corporation) according to following.At first, in container, prepare the water that 100-150ml does not contain solid impurity, then 0.1-0.5ml is added in the entry as surfactant (preferred alkyl benzene sulfonate) and about 0.1-0.5g sample of spreading agent.This suspending liquid passes through ultrasonic decollator with 3,000-10, and the concentration of 000/μ l is disperseed about 1-3 minute to measure the shape of toner particle with above-mentioned image analyzer.
And the shape coefficient SF-1 of the toner that uses in the present embodiment is 100-180 as 100-180 and shape coefficient SF-2.This allows to wait that the amount that is attached to the adjuvant of a toner particle increases, thereby the amount that improves inorganic particles is avoided external carbuncle with carrier collision etc. with protection toner parent surface.And this toner contains the following fine tuning toner powder of 2 μ m below 30%.When the concentration of fine tuning toner powder surpassed 30%, the amount that is attached to the inorganic particles of a toner particle reduced, and has increased the gathering of toner particle, the dispersiveness of toner in the developer when reducing the mobile of developer and reducing supply.Shape coefficient SF-1 represents the circularity of toner particle shape.When shape coefficient SF-1 is 100, the toner particle shape will be perfect sphere.SF-1 is big more, and then the toner shape is irregular more.SF-1 is expressed from the next:
SF-1＝{(MXLNG)
2/AREA}×(100π/4)
Wherein MXLNG is that maximum length and the AREA that projects to the toner shape on the two dimensional surface is the area of toner shape.Shape coefficient SF-2 represents the ratio of toner shape concavity and convexity.When being 100, shape coefficient SF-2 do not have roughness on the surface of toner.SF-2 is big more, and roughness is obvious more.SF-2 is expressed from the next:
SF-2＝{(PERI)
2/AREA}×(100π/4)
Wherein PERI is that circumference and the AREA that projects to toner shape on the two dimensional surface is the area of toner shape.Specifically, shape coefficient is measured as follows: use the image of scanning electron microscope S-800 (Hitachi Limited system) shooting toner, and the data input picture analyser LUSEX3 (Nireco Corporation system) on the image is used for analytical calculation.
And the toner of Shi Yonging is spherical basically in the present embodiment.(r1 〉=r2 〉=r3), the ratio (r3/r2) that the ratio (r2/r1) of major axis and minor axis is set at 0.5-1.0 and thickness and minor axis is set at 0.7-1.0 to the shape of supposing toner by major axis r1, minor axis r2 and thickness r3 definition.When the ratio (r2/r1) of major axis and end axle less than 0.5 the time, this toner no longer is spherical, has reduced the repeatability and the transfer efficiency of point, causing not have to export the image with good quality.And, when the ratio (r3/r2) of thickness and minor axis less than 0.7 the time, this toner almost is flat, and can not realize high transferring rate.On the contrary, when ratio (r3/r2) was 1.0, this toner can be to be the rotary body of turning axle with the major axis, thereby has improved the flowability of toner.
Measure the shape (major axis r1, minor axis r2, thickness r3) of toner as follows.At first, toner is dispersed on the smooth surface.Then, use color laser microscope VK-8500 (KEYENCE corporate system) to amplify 100 toner particles and determine r1, r2, r3 with the major axis r1 (μ m), the minor axis r2 (μ m) that measure each 100 particle and thickness r3 (μ m) and from the mean value that calculates with 500 times magnification.
And the toner that uses in the present embodiment produces by the cross-linking reaction and/or the lengthening reaction of liquid toner materials in aqueous solvent.Here, liquid toner materials is dispersed in the organic solvent by polyester prepolyer, polyester, colorant and the release agent that will comprise the functional group that has nitrogen-atoms at least and obtains.Below, describe toner component and method for preparing toner in detail.
(polyester)
Polyester obtains by the polycondensation of polyol compound and polybasic carboxylic acid compound (PC).Polyol compound (PO) comprises the polyvalent alcohol (TO) of dibasic alcohol (DIO) and three above hydroxyls.Preferred independent (DIO), the perhaps potpourri of (DIO) and a small amount of (TO) of using.Dibasic alcohol (DIO) comprises aklylene glycol (ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1, ammediol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol etc.); Alkylene ether glycol (diglycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyglycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol etc.); Alicyclic diol (1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A etc.); Bisphenols (bisphenol-A, Bisphenol F, bisphenol S etc.); The adduct of above-mentioned alicyclic diol and epoxide (oxirane, epoxypropane, epoxy butane etc.); The adduct of above-mentioned bisphenols and epoxide (oxirane, epoxypropane, epoxy butane etc.) etc.In the middle of these, preferably have the aklylene glycol of 2-12 carbon atom and the adduct of bisphenols and epoxide, and the adduct of preferred especially bisphenols and epoxide with and with the potpourri of aklylene glycol with 2-12 carbon atom.Polyvalent alcohol (TO) with three above hydroxyls comprises having 3-8 or more polyhydric aliphatic polyhydroxy alcohol (glycerine, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythrite, sorbierite etc.); Phenols (trisphenol PA, phenol novolaks, cresols novolaks etc.) with three above hydroxyls; Above-mentioned have the polyhydroxy phenol of three above hydroxyls and an adduct of epoxide etc.
Polybasic carboxylic acid (PC) comprises dicarboxylic acid (DIC), has the polybasic carboxylic acid (TC) of three above carboxyls etc.Preferred independent (DIC), the perhaps potpourri of (DIC) and a small amount of (TC) of using.Dicarboxylic acid (DIC) comprises alkylene dicarboxylic acids (succinic acid, hexane diacid, decanedioic acid etc.); Alkenylene dicarboxylic acid (maleic acid, fumaric acid etc.); Aromatic dicarboxylic acid (phthalic acid, m-phthalic acid, terephthalic acid (TPA), naphthalene dicarboxylic acids etc.) etc.In the middle of these, preferably have the alkenylene dicarboxylic acid and aromatic dicarboxylic acid of 4-20 carbon atom with 8-20 carbon atom.Polybasic carboxylic acid (TC) with three above carboxyls comprises the aromatic polycarboxylic acid (trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid etc.) with 9-20 carbon atom.Notice that polybasic carboxylic acid (PC) acid anhydrides or lower alkyl esters (methyl esters, ethyl ester, isopropyl ester etc.) available and the above-mentioned carboxylic acid that polyvalent alcohol (PO) reacts replace.
The ratio of polyvalent alcohol (PO) and polybasic carboxylic acid (PC) (with equivalent proportion [OH]/[COOH] expression of hydroxyl (OH) with carboxyl (COOH)) is generally 2/1～1/1, and is preferred 1.5/1～1/1, and more preferably 1.3/1～1.02/1.In polycondensation, polyvalent alcohol (PO) and polybasic carboxylic acid (PC) known ester catalyst as four titanium butoxide acid esters or dibutyltin oxide in the presence of 150-280 ℃ of down heating.And, utilize decompression to remove the water of generation when needing to obtain to have the polyester of hydroxyl.Preferably, its hydroxyl value is more than 5 and its acid number is generally 1-30, preferred 5-20.Polyester with acid number has negative charge easily and makes toner better to the affinity of paper when fusion, thereby improves the fixation performance of toner under the low temperature.Yet acid number surpasses at 30 o'clock, and the charged ability of toner may be unsettled, especially when environmental change takes place.The weight-average molecular weight of polyester is 10,000-400, and 000, preferred 20,000-200,000.When weight-average molecular weight less than 10,000 o'clock, will reduce the anti-anti-seal of toner unfriendly, and weight-average molecular weight is greater than 400,000 o'clock, will reduce the fixation performance of toner under the low temperature.
Except above unmodified polyester, also can use the polyester of urea modification by the polycondensation generation.The polyester of this urea modification is by following acquisition: make the carboxyl of polyester or hydroxyl and the reaction of polyisocyanates (PIC) compound to obtain to have the polyester prepolyer (A) of isocyanate groups; This polyester prepolyer (A) and amine (B) are reacted with crosslinked and/or elongation strand.Polyisocyanates (PIC) comprises aliphatic polyisocyanate (tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,6-diisocyanate methylhexanoic acid etc.); Alicyclic polyisocyanates (isophorone diisocyanate, cyclohexyl-methane diisocyanate etc.); Aromatic diisocyanates (inferior cresyl vulcabond, '-diphenylmethane diisocyanate etc.); Fragrance aliphatic vulcabond (α, α, α ', α '-tetramethylxylene diisocyanate etc.); Isocyanates; Above-mentioned polyisocyanates with end-blockings such as phenol derivatives, oxime, caprolactams; And two or more combination among them.
Ratio with the polyisocyanates (PIC) of equivalent proportion [NCO]/[OH] expression of isocyanate groups (NCO) and polyester hydroxyl (OH) is generally 5/1～1/1, and is preferred 4/1～1.2/1, and more preferably 2.5/1～1.5/1.When ratio [NCO]/[OH] greater than 5 the time, low-temperature fixing decline.When the molar ratio of [NCO] less than 1 the time, the amount of urea is low in the modified poly ester, thus the heat-resisting anti-seal of deterioration (hot offset resistance).
The amount that contains middle polyisocyanates (PIC) component of polyester prepolyer (A) (locating endways to contain) of isocyanate groups is generally the 0.5%-40% weight portion, preferred 1%-30% weight portion, more preferably 2%-20% weight portion.If amount is less than 0.5% weight portion, then reduces heat-resisting anti-seal and disadvantageously can not realize thermotolerance and low-temperature fixing between the storage life simultaneously.If amount surpasses 40% weight portion, then reduce low-temperature fixing.
The number that contains contained isocyanate groups in each molecule of polyester prepolyer (A) of isocyanate groups is generally more than one, preferred average out to 1.5～3, and more preferably average out to 1.8～2.5.If it less than 1/molecule, then reduces the molecular weight of urea modified poly ester, and reduce heat-resisting anti-seal.
Next, the amine (B) with polyester prepolyer (A) reaction comprise diamines (B1), have polyamines (B2) amino more than three, hydramine (B3), amineothiot (B4), amino acid (B5), the derivant of amino-terminated B1-B5 (B6) etc. wherein.
Diamines (B1) comprises aromatic diamine (phenylenediamine, diethyl toluene diamine, 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane etc.); Alicyclic diamine (4,4 '-diamines-3,3 '-dimethyl dicyclohexyl methyl hydride, diamino-cyclohexane, isophorone diamine etc.); Aliphatic diamine (ethylenediamine, tetra-methylenedimine, hexamethylene diamine etc.) etc.Have polyamines (B2) amino more than three and comprise diethylene triamine, trien etc.Hydramine (B3) comprises monoethanolamine, ethoxylaniline etc.Amineothiot (B4) comprises aminoothyl mercaptan, amino propanethiol etc.Amino acid (B5) comprises alanine, aminocaproic acid etc.The derivant of wherein amino-terminated above-mentioned B1-B5 (B6) comprise the ketimine compound that obtains from the amine of B1-B5 and ketone (acetone, MEK, methyl isobutyl ketone etc.) and
Oxazolidine compound etc.Among these amine (B), preferred B1, and the potpourri of B1 and a small amount of B2.
Ratio with the amine (B) of amino [NHx] equivalent proportion ([NCO]/[NHx]) expression in isocyanate group group [NCO] and the amine (B) in the polyester prepolyer (A) that contains isocyanate groups is generally 1/2～2/1, preferred 1.5/1～1/1.5, more preferably 1.2/1～1/1.2.If ratio [NCO]/[NHx] be greater than 2 or less than 1/2, then the molecular weight of urea modified poly ester will be low and with its heat-resisting anti-seal reduction.
And the urea modified poly ester may contain amino-formate bond and urea key.The mol ratio of urea linkage content and carbamate linkage content is generally 100/0～10/90, and is preferred 80/20～20/80, and most preferably 60/40～30/70.If urea key mol ratio is less than 10%, then heat-resisting anti-seal reduction.
The urea modified poly ester is by single stage method (one shot method) or prepolymer method manufacturing.Polyvalent alcohol (PO) and polybasic carboxylic acid (PC) known ester catalyst as four titanium butoxide acid esters or dibutyltin oxide in the presence of 150-280 ℃ of down heating.And, utilize decompression to remove the water of generation when needing to obtain to have the polyester of hydroxyl.Then, under 40-140 ℃ temperature, make polyester and polyisocyanates (PIC) reaction, polyester prepolyer (A) and amine (B) are reacted under 0-140 ℃ temperature to obtain the urea modified poly ester to obtain to have the polyester prepolyer (A) of isocyanate groups.
Solvent can be used for when needing (PIC) and (A) and reaction (B).Spendable solvent is to the solvent of polyisocyanates (PIC) non-activity for example arsol (for example toluene and dimethylbenzene), ketone (for example acetone, MEK, methyl isobutyl ketone), ester (for example ethyl acetate), acid amides (for example dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide) and ether (for example tetrahydrofuran).
Can use reaction suppressor as required, obtain the polyester of modification and regulate the molecular weight of gained urea modified poly ester by the lengthening reaction between polyester prepolyer (A) and the amine (B) or cross-linking reaction.This reaction suppressor for example is monoamine (diethylamine, dibutylamine, butylamine, lauryl amine etc.), end-blocking monoamine (ketimine compound) etc.
The weight-average molecular weight of urea modified poly ester is generally more than 10,000, and more preferably 20,000～10,000,000, and most preferably 30,000～1,000,000.When weight-average molecular weight less than 10,000 o'clock, heat-resisting anti-seal deterioration.When using with unmodified polyester, the number-average molecular weight of urea modified poly ester is not limited to particular value.It can be the value that easily obtains aforesaid weight-average molecular weight.When independent use, its number-average molecular weight is generally 2,000～15, and 000, preferred 2,000～10,000, and more preferably 2,000～8,000.When number-average molecular weight surpasses at 20,000 o'clock, low-temperature fixing and gloss deterioration when in panchromatic equipment, using.
It is preferred that the common use of urea modified poly ester and unmodified polyester is compared with independent use urea modified poly ester, because it can improve the gloss of low-temperature fixing and toner when using in the device when forming at full-colour image.Unmodified polyester can comprise except the polyester by the chemical bond modification the urea key.In that preferably this urea modified poly ester and unmodified polyester are formed up to the compatible potpourri of small part aspect low-temperature fixing and the heat-resisting anti-seal.Therefore, preferably their polyester components has similar composition.The weight ratio of urea modified poly ester and unmodified polyester is generally 5/95～80/20, and is preferred 5/95～30/70, and more preferably 5/95～25/75, and most preferably 7/93～20/80.When the weight ratio of urea modified poly ester less than 5% the time, the heat-resisting anti-seal reduction of toner, thus can not satisfy the thermotolerance and the low-temperature fixing of toner simultaneously.
The glass transition temperature (Tg) that comprises the adhesive resin of urea modified poly ester and unmodified polyester is generally 45-65 ℃, preferred 45-60 ℃.When it was lower than 45 ℃, the thermotolerance of toner reduced between the storage life, and when being higher than 65 ℃, can not obtain enough low-temperature fixings.Because the urea modified poly ester be retained in easily obtain on the surface of toner parent particle, even use the adhesive resin of low glass transition temperature, also between the storage life, show than the better thermotolerance of known polyester toner according to the toner of present embodiment.
(colorant)
Dyestuff and pigment that all are known can be used for colorant.Example comprises carbon black, aniline black byestuffs, iron black, naphthol yellow S, Hansa yellow (10G, 5G and G), cadmium yellow, iron oxide yellow, yellow eisenocher, chrome yellow, titan yellow, the polyazo Huang, oil yellow, Hansa yellow (GR, A, RN and R), pigment yellow L, benzidine yellow (G and GR), permanent yellow (NCG), Vulcan fast yellow (5G and R), tartrazine lake, quinoline yellow lake, alizarin yellow BGL, and iso-dihydro-indole Huang, colcother, red lead, cinnabar lead, cadmium red, cadmium mercury is red, antimony red, permanent bordeaux 4R, paranitraniline red, red as fire, p-chloro-o-nitroaniline red, lithol that fast scarlet G, bright fast scarlet, bright carmine BS, permanent bordeaux (F2R, F4R, FRL, FRLL and F4RH), fast scarlet VD, the strong ruby red B of Vulcan, brilliant scarlet G G, the ruby red GX of lithol that, permanent bordeaux (F5R), brilliant carmine 6B, pigment scarlet 3B, the red 5B of wine, the toluidine chestnut, permanent bordeaux F2K, the red BL of sun wine (Helio Bordeaux), the red 10B of wine, the shallow chestnut of BON, tremble among the BON, eosine lake, rhodamine color lake B, rhodamine color lake Y, alizarine lake, thioindigo red B, the thioindigo chestnut, oil red, quinacridone is red, pyrazolone red, polyazo is red, the cinnabar cadmium, benzidine orange, pyrene ketone orange (perinone orange) and oil orange, cobalt blue, cerulean blue, alkali blue lake, peacock blue lake, the Victoria blue color lake, metal-free phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue, fast sky blue, indanthrene blue (RS and BC), indigo-blue, Prussian blue, ultramarine blue, anthraquinone blue, Fast violet B, the methyl violet color lake, cobalt violet, manganese violet, the dioxane purple, the anthraquinone purple, chrome green, zinc green, chromium oxide, chrome green, emerald green, pigment green B, naphthol green B, green gold, the acid green color lake, the malachite green color lake, phthalocyanine green and anthraquinone green, titanium dioxide, zinc paste, lithopone etc.These colorants can be used singly or in combination, and colorant is generally the 1-15% weight portion with respect to the content of toner, preferred 3-10% weight portion.
These colorants can merge with resin groups and be used for masterbatch.The adhesive resin that is used for the adhesive resin of masterbatch manufacturing or mixes with masterbatch comprises, for example the multipolymer of the polymkeric substance of styrene or substituted phenylethylene (for example polystyrene, poly-to chlorostyrene, polyvinyl toluene etc.) or itself and vinyl compound; Polymethylmethacrylate, poly-n-butyl methacrylate, Polyvinylchloride, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), tygon, polypropylene, polyester, epoxy resin, epoxy polyol resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid resinoid, rosin, modified rosin, terpene resin, aliphatic series or alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin, paraffin etc.These can be used singly or in combination.
(charge control agent)
Can use arbitrarily known charge control agent, for example aniline black byestuffs, kiton colors, contain the slaine of chromium metal complex dyes, molybdic acid chelate dyestuff, rhodamine dyes, alkoxyamine, quaternary ammonium salt (comprise and fluoridize quaternary ammonium salt), alkylamide, phosphorus and compound, tungsten and compound thereof, fluorine activator, salicylic acid metal salt, salicyclic acid derivatives etc.Instantiation is the Bontron03 as aniline black byestuffs, Bontron P-51 as quaternary ammonium salt, Bontron S-34 as the alloying metal azo dyes, α naphthols acid metal complex E-82, salicylic acid metal complex E-84, phenol condensation product E-89 (making) by Orient Chemical Industries, quaternary ammonium salt molybdenum complex TP-302, TP-415 (making) by Hodogaya Chemical Industries, quaternary ammonium salt Copy Charge PSY VP2038, triphenylmethane derivative Copy Blue PR, quaternary ammonium salt Copy Charge NEG VP2036 and Copy Charge NX VP434 (making) by Hoechst, LRA-901 as boron complex, LR-147 (by Japan Carlit Co., Ltd. makes), copper phthalocyanine, perylene, quinacridone, AZO pigments, with contain functional group's (sulfonic group for example, carboxyl, quaternary ammonium salt etc.) other polymer compound.Among these, especially preferably control the material of toner by negative polarity.
The amount of charge control agent is determined according to following factor: the type of adhesive resin, the adjuvant that whether has use as required and the method for preparing toner that comprises process for dispersing.It is not mainly to be limited to specified quantitative, yet its preferred range should be the 0.1-10 weight portion with respect to 100 weight portion adhesive resins, and more preferably 0.2-5 weight portion.Use above 10 weight portion charge control agents to make the charged ability of toner excessive, cause the Electrostatic Absorption increase between toner and the developer roll, the flowability reduction of developer and the reduction of image density.
(release agent)
For release agent, preferred fusing point 50-120 ℃ wax is because they are at high temperature realizing anti-anti-seal effect in the effect of playing release agent between the interface of fixing roller and toner effectively and release agent (for example oil) not being coated between the adhesive resin dispersed phase under the situation on the fixing roller.The example of this wax is as follows.
The wax example is as follows: vegetable wax is Brazil wax, cotton wax, vegetable wax and rice wax for example; Animal wax is beeswax and sheep oil for example; Mineral wax is ceresine and ceresin for example; And pertroleum wax for example paraffin, microcrystalline wax and vaseline.Except these natural waxs, also have synthetic chloroflo for example fischer-tropsch wax and Tissuemat E; And synthetic wax for example ester, ketone and ether.Other example is for example 12-hydroxy stearic acid acid amides, stearic amide, anhydrous terephthalic acid (TPA) acid amides and a chlorinated hydrocabon of fatty acid amide; And have the homopolymer of the crystalline polymer (its for low-molecular-weight crystalline polymer resin) of chain alkyl and polyacrylate (for example positive stearyl ester of polymethylacrylic acid and the positive lauryl of polymethylacrylic acid) or a multipolymer (for example the positive stearyl ester-ethyl methacrylate copolymers of acrylic acid etc.).
Charge control agent and release agent can and be mediated with masterbatch and adhesive resin fusion, perhaps add organic solvent when fusion and dispersion.
(adjuvant)
Inorganic particles is preferably used as adjuvant to support flowability, development capability and the charged ability of toner particle.Primary particle diameter should be preferably 5 * 10
-3～2 μ m, more preferably 5 * 10
-3～0.5 μ m.Specific surface area according to the BET method should be preferably 20～500m
2/ g.The ratio of inorganic particles and toner should be preferably 0.01～5wt%, more preferably 0.01～2.0wt%.
The example of inorganic particles comprises silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, titanium dioxide, barium titanate, magnesium titanate, calcium titanate, strontium titanates, zinc paste, tin oxide, silica sand, clay, mica, wollastonite, zeyssatite, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, red ferric oxide, antimony oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, barium sulphate, barium carbonate, lime carbonate, silit, silicon nitride etc.Among these, preferably hydrophobic silica particulate and the combination of hydrophobic titanium oxide particulate are used as fluid additive.Specifically, using mean grain size in the stirring the mixture of developing cell is 5 * 10
-2μ m or the littler charged level of two kinds of particulates to obtain to expect, and improve Van der Waals force and the antistatic property that is attached to toner very significantly.Therefore, can obtain to have the image of excellent picture quality and not diffusion, and reduce the amount of residual toner after the transfer printing.
Have good quality at titanium oxide microparticle aspect environmental stability and the stable image density, yet they trend towards worsening charged rising characteristic.Therefore, when the titanium oxide microparticle amount of adding toner to during greater than the amount of silicon particle, this degradation effects will be quite significant.Yet, the addition of titanium oxide microparticle is remained in the scope of 0.3-1.5 weight % and can obtain desirable charged rising characteristic, thereby even when for example duplicating repeatedly, also can obtain to have the image of good stabilised quality.
Next, method for preparing toner will be described.Here, will be described as an example, yet described method should not only limit to this with method for optimizing.
(1) by colorant, unmodified polyester, the polyester prepolyer that contains isocyanate groups and release agent being dispersed in preparation toner solution in the organic solvent.Preferred organic should be a boiling point less than 100 ℃ volatile solvent, because they are removed after forming the toner parent particle easily.Specifically, example has toluene, dimethylbenzene, benzene, phenixin, methylene chloride, 1,2-ethylene dichloride, 1,1,2-trichloroethanes, triclene, chloroform, monochloro benzene, dichloroacetal, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, MEK, methyl isobutyl ketone etc., and they can use separately or be used in combination.Especially, preferred arsol is toluene and dimethylbenzene for example, and halogenated hydrocarbons methylene chloride, 1 for example, 2-ethylene dichloride, chloroform and phenixin.The amount of used organic solvent is generally the 0-300 weight portion of the polyester prepolyer of relative 100 weight portions, preferred 0-100 weight portion, and more preferably 25-70 weight portion.
(2) this toner solution surfactant and resin particle emulsification in aqueous medium.This aqueous medium can be independent water or moisture organic solvent for example pure (methyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, ethylene glycol etc.), dimethyl formamide, tetrahydrofuran, cellosolve (methyl cellosolve etc.) and lower ketones (acetone, MEK etc.).The amount of used aqueous medium is generally the 50-2000 weight portion with respect to the toner solution of 100 weight portions, and preferred 100-1000 weight portion.When it measured less than 50 weight portions, the dispersion of this toner solution can not be enough to obtain the toner particle of predetermined particle diameter, and when its amount surpassed 2000 weight portions, cost efficiency was bad.
And, for keeping the dispersion in the aqueous medium in shape, can for example surfactant or resin suitably add wherein with spreading agent.The example of surfactant comprises anionic surfactant for example alkyl benzene sulfonate, alpha-alkene sulfonate, phosphate etc.; Amine salt is alkylamine salt, amino alcohol fatty acid derivatives, polyamines derivative of fatty acid, imidazoline etc. for example; Quaternary cationics is alkyl trimethyl ammonium salt, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salt, alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salt, pyridine for example
Salt, alkyl isoquinoline
Salt, benzethonium chloride etc.; Non-ionic surfactant is fatty acid amide derivant, polyol derivative etc. for example; Amphoteric surfactant is alanine, dodecyl two (aminoethyl) glycinol, two (octyl group aminoethyl) glycinol, N-alkyl-N, N-Dimethyl Ammonium betaine etc. for example.
And, use very small amount of surfactant can realize great effect with fluoro-alkyl.Example with anionic surfactant of fluoro-alkyl is preferably fluoro-alkyl carboxylic acid and the slaine thereof with 2-10 carbon atom; PFO sulphonyl disodium glutamate; 3-[ω-fluoro-alkyl (C6-C11) oxygen base]-1-alkyl (C3-C4) sodium sulfonate; 3-[ω-fluoroalkane acyl group (C6-C8)-N-ethylamino]-1-propane sulfonic acid sodium; fluoro-alkyl (C11-C20) carboxylic acid and slaine thereof; perfluoro carboxylic acid (C7-C13) and slaine thereof; perfluoroalkyl (C4-C12) sulfonate and slaine thereof; the Perfluorooctane sulfonates diglycollic amide; N-propyl group-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) PFO sulfonamide; perfluoroalkyl (C6-C10) sulfonamide oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium salt; perfluoroalkyl (C6-C10)-N-ethyl sulfonyl glycine salt; single perfluoroalkyl (C6-C16) ethyl phosphonic acid ester etc.
Commercially available product is for example Surflon S-111, S-112, S-113 (making) by Asahi Glass Co.Ltd, Fluorad FC-93, FC-95, FC-98, FC-129 (Sumitomo 3M Limited), Unidyne DS-101, DS-102 (Daikin Industries Ltd.), Megafack F-1110, F-120, F-113, F-191, F-812, F-833 (by Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Incorporated makes), Ekutop EF-102 to 105,112,123A, 123B, 306A, 501,201,204 (making) by Tohkem Products Corporation, Ftergent F-100, F 150 (making) by Neos Company Limted.
The example of cationic surfactant is quaternary ammonium salt perfluoroalkyl (C6-C10) the sulfonamide oxypropyl trimethyl ammonium salt etc. for example that has the Armeen or the secondary amine of fluoro-alkyl or have secondary amine acid, the fatty acid of fluoro-alkyl; Zephiran, benzethonium chloride, pyridinium chloride
And imidazoline
Salt.Commercially available product is for example Surflon S-121 (by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. makes), Fluorad FC-135 (by Sumitomo3M, Co., Ltd. manufacturing).Unidyne DS-202 (by Daikin Industries, Ltd. makes), Megafack F-150 and F-824 (making), Ekutop EF-132 (making), Ftergent F-300 (making) etc. by NEOS Company Limted by Tochem Products Corporation by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Incorporated.
Add resin particle to be stabilized in the toner parent particle that forms in the aqueous medium.For this reason, thus adding particulate makes the lip-deep coverage rate of toner parent particle be preferably 10-90%.They are the ps particle of for example polymethylmethacrylate particulate, 0.5 μ m and the 2 μ m of 1 μ m and 3 μ m, poly-(styrene-acrylonitrile) particulate of 1 μ m.Commercially available product is for example PB-200H (being made by Kao Corporation), SGP (being made by Soken Co.Ltd), technopolymer SB (being made by Sekisui Plastics O.Ltd), SGP-3G (being made by Soken Co.Ltd.) and Micropar (being made by Sekisui Fine Chemicals Co.Ltd.).Also can use mineral compound spreading agent for example tricalcium phosphate, lime carbonate, titanium dioxide, silica gel, hydroxyapatite etc.
The spreading agent that can use with above-mentioned resin particle and mineral compound spreading agent be wherein dispersant liquid drop by the stable spreading agent of superpolymer protecting colloid.Example is for example acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alpha-cyanoacrylate, alpha-cyano methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, a maleic anhydride etc. of acid; (methyl) acrylic monomers that contains hydroxyl is beta-hydroxyethyl acrylic acid for example, the beta-hydroxyethyl methacrylic acid, β-hydroxypropyl acrylic acid, β-hydroxypropyl methyl acrylic acid, γ-hydroxypropyl acrylic acid, γ-hydroxypropyl methyl acrylic acid, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl acrylic acid, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methyl acrylic acid, the diglycol monotertiary acrylate, the diglycol monotertiary methacrylate, the glycerine mono acrylic ester, glycerin monomethyl acrylic ester, N hydroxymethyl acrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide etc.; The ether of vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol is vinyl methyl ether, EVE and vinyl propyl ether etc. for example, perhaps contain the compound of carboxyl and the ester of vinyl alcohol, for example vinyl acetate, propionate and vinyl butyrate etc., acrylamide, Methacrylamide, diacetone acrylamide or its methylol compound etc.; For example chloracrylic acid and chloromethyl propylene acid of acid chloride, for example contain the nitrogen compound of vinylpyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole, aziridine etc. or the homopolymer and the multipolymer of heterocycle; Polyoxyethylene compound is polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, polyoxypropylene alkyl amine, polyoxyethylene alkylamide, polyoxypropylene alkylamide, polyoxyethylene nonylplenyl ether, polyoxyethylene dodecylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl base phenylester, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenylester etc. for example; Cellulose is methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose etc. for example.
Process for dispersing is not had particular restriction, and can adopt and use low velocity shear for example, high speed shear, friction, high-pressure injection, ultrasonic etc. any known dispersing apparatus.Among them, preferred high speed shear dispersing apparatus is the dispersed particle of 2-20 μ m to obtain diameter.Its rotating speed is not particularly limited, yet, it typically is 1,000～30,000rpm, and preferred 5,000～20,000rpm.Jitter time is not subjected to special demonstration, yet it typically is 0.1-5 minute in discontinuous method.Dispersion temperature (under pressure) is generally 0-150 ℃, preferred 40-98 ℃.
Add amine (B) when (3) preparing emulsified solution, and make itself and polyester prepolyer (A) reaction that contains isocyanate groups.This reaction is accompanied by the strand elongation and/or cross-linking reaction takes place.Reaction time can be definite with the reactivity of the combination of amine (B) according to isocyanate groups in the polyester prepolyer (A), and it typically is 10 minutes-40 hours, and be preferably 2-24 hour.Temperature of reaction is generally 0-150 ℃, preferred 40-98 ℃.Also can use catalyzer well known in the prior art for example dibutyl tin laurate, dioctyltin laurate if desired.
(4) after reaction is finished, by from emulsification dispersion (reaction product), removing organic solvent, cleaning, and the dry toner parent particle that obtains.For removing organic solvent, the temperature of the whole system that raises gradually when dispersion is carried out the laminar flow stirring.When temperature reaches the fixed temperature scope, it is carried out strong agitation.After this, can generate spindle bodily form toner parent particle by removing to desolvate.In addition, dissolve in use under the situation of material (for example synthos) as dispersion stabilizer of bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry, for example can synthos be removed from the toner parent particle by using the flushing of acid (for example hydrochloric acid) dissolving phosphoric acid calcium salt and water.It also can for example use enzyme to decompose by other method and remove.
(5) then, by charge control agent being implanted the toner parent particle of as above acquisition and being obtained toner to wherein adding inorganic particles (for example silicon dioxide microparticle and titanium oxide microparticle).The implantation of charge control agent and the interpolation of inorganic particles are undertaken by the known method of for example using mixer etc.Thus, can easily obtain to have the toner of small grain size and sharp-pointed size-grade distribution.And the strong agitation that organic solvent is removed in the process can be adjusted into rugby shape from sphere with the shape of particle, and can be with configuration of surface from the smooth fold that is adjusted into.
Toner is not limited to aforesaid toner, and can use other known toner for example not have oily toner.This does not have oily toner and contains adhesive resin, colorant and release agent.This does not have in oily toner can be used for the having warm-up mill fixation unit 12 of (fixing roller) and is not coated with the oil that prevents that toner from adhering to.Move to used toner on the carrier surface though occur release agent wherein easily in no oily toner, this premix developer supply system is supplying toner and carrier simultaneously.Therefore, compare with supplying toner only, it can significantly improve the tolerance to used toner, but makes the good toner qualities of long term maintenance.
As mentioned above, be configured to comprise the ID chip 70 (data storage cell) of the data of storing the toner degree of staining according to the developer box 20 of present embodiment.Therefore, regardless of the variation of toner degree of staining, comprise that the image processing system of developer box 20 all can be exported the image with good, stable colorrendering quality under the situation of manufacturing cost that does not improve toner or inspection cost.
And present embodiment is used deformable bag type internal container 21.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this and for example have the bottle type or the box type of the wall of non deformable, rigidity applicable to the developer box of other type.This other developer box can be realized the effect identical with present embodiment by the data storage cell that comprises storage toner degree of staining data.
And present embodiment adopts the developing cell 14 that contains two-component developing agent.Yet the present invention also is applicable to and contains the monocomponent toner developing cell of (not comprising carrier).The present invention also is applicable to from developer box supply two-component developing agent and discharges the redesign type premix developer developing cell of excessive developer.These developing cells can be realized the effect identical with the developing cell of present embodiment by the developer box that comprises the data storage cell of being furnished with storage toner degree of staining data.
And the present invention is applicable to the developing cell (perhaps being combined with the handle box of photoconductor drum, charhing unit or cleaning unit) that combines with Delevoping cartridge in the main body that is removably mounted on image processing system.This developing cell also can be realized the effect identical with the developing cell of present embodiment by the data storage cell that comprises storage toner degree of staining data.
In the present embodiment, toner quantity sensor 28 places the position relative with photoconductor drum 8 (upstream of the downstream of the position relative with developing cell 14 and the position relative with intermediate transfer belt 7) to go up the toning dosage of toner image with direct detection photoconductor drum 8 (image-carrier).Yet toner quantity sensor 28 can place the toning dosage of the position relative with intermediate transfer belt 7 with toner image on the indirect detection photoconductor drum 8.And, can be configured to be provided with 28, one positions of toner quantity sensor and be the position relative, and another position is the position relative with intermediate transfer belt 7, to detect the toning dosage of toner image on the photoconductor drum 8 with photoconductor drum 8 two positions.In this configuration, by control based on the testing result of toner quantity sensor the toning dosage can realize with present embodiment in identical effect.
The present invention also comprises following invention.
(1) comprise the developer box that the internal container that contains toner also removably places the main body of image processing system, this developer box comprises the data storage cell of the degree of staining data of wherein storing toner in the internal container.
(2) according to the developer box of project (1), wherein this developer box contains the carrier with toner.
(3) image processing system, it comprises:
Developer box according to project (1) or (2);
Image-carrier;
Make image development on the image-carrier to form the developing cell of toner image;
The toner amount detection unit of the toning dosage of toner image on the direct or indirect detected image carrier;
Change the toning DM unit of the toning dosage of toner image on the image-carrier based on the testing result of toner amount detection unit; With
Read the data-reading unit of the data in the data storage cell that is stored in developer box,
Wherein toner amount detector unit is based on the toning dosage of toner image on the adjustment of data image-carrier that reads by data-reading unit.
(4) according to the image processing system of project (3), the DM unit of wherein mixing colours improves toning dosage when the degree of staining of toner is low, and reduces toning dosage when the degree of staining of toner is high.
(5) according to the image processing system of project (3) or project (4), wherein mix colours the DM unit when the data that do not read by data-reading unit based on the toning dosage of toner image on the predetermined toner degree of staining correcting image carrier.
(6) according to each image processing system in project (3)-project (5), wherein developing cell combines and is removably mounted in the main body of image processing system with developer box.
(7) make image development on the image-carrier to form toner image and to be removably installed in developing cell in the main body of image processing system, this developing cell comprises the data storage cell of the degree of staining data of wherein storing contained toner in the developing cell.
Though the present invention is described based on illustrative embodiments, it is not limited thereto.Should be appreciated that those skilled in the art can make variation and not break away from the scope of the invention defined by the claims described embodiment.And the Reference numeral of parts, position and shape should be not limited to those in the present embodiment, can suitably use Reference numeral, position and shape arbitrarily.
Claims (7)
1. developer box, the main body that it comprises the internal container that contains toner and removably places image processing system, this developer box comprises the data storage cell of the degree of staining data of wherein storing toner in the internal container.
2. according to the developer box of claim 1, wherein this developer box contains the carrier with toner.
3. image processing system, it comprises:
Developer box according to claim 1 or 2;
Image-carrier;
Make image development on the image-carrier to form the developing cell of toner image;
The toner amount detection unit of the toning dosage of toner image on the direct or indirect detected image carrier;
Change the toning DM unit of the toning dosage of toner image on the image-carrier based on the testing result of toner amount detection unit; With
Read the data-reading unit of the data in the data storage cell that is stored in developer box,
Wherein toner amount detector unit is based on the toning dosage of toner image on the adjustment of data image-carrier that reads by data-reading unit.
4. according to the image processing system of claim 3, the DM unit of wherein mixing colours improves toning dosage when the degree of staining of toner is low, and reduces toning dosage when the degree of staining of toner is high.
5. according to the image processing system of claim 3, wherein mix colours the DM unit when the data that do not read by data-reading unit based on the toning dosage of toner image on the predetermined toner degree of staining correcting image carrier.
6. according to the image processing system of claim 3, wherein developing cell combines and is removably mounted in the main body of image processing system with developer box.
7. developing cell, it makes image development on the image-carrier to form toner image and to be removably installed in the main body of image processing system, and this developing cell comprises the data storage cell of the degree of staining data of wherein storing contained toner in the developing cell.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP066961/08 | 2008-03-17 | ||
| JP2008066961 | 2008-03-17 | ||
| JP2008217629A JP2009258592A (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2008-08-27 | Developer cartridge and image forming apparatus |
| JP217629/08 | 2008-08-27 | ||
| JP2008286398 | 2008-11-07 | ||
| JP286398/08 | 2008-11-07 | ||
| JP2008308077A JP2010134060A (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2008-12-03 | Toner container, image forming apparatus and developing device |
| JP308077/08 | 2008-12-03 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101285290A Division CN101539745B (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-16 | Developer cartridge and image formation apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102207712A true CN102207712A (en) | 2011-10-05 |
Family
ID=44696603
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101852912A Pending CN102207712A (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-03-16 | Developer cartridge and image formation apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102207712A (en) |
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Application publication date: 20111005 |