Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to have overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, providing a kind of can be conveniently used in the open-air adverse circumstances, and have self-organizing, self-learning capability, communication distance is longer, useful life is longer, wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system simple in structure, with low cost, as to have wide range of applications.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system of the present invention has following formation:
This system comprises based on wireless mesh network node cluster, concentrator and Surveillance center, described concentrator is connected between described based on wireless mesh network node cluster and the Surveillance center, described based on wireless mesh network node cluster comprises a plurality of based on wireless mesh network node communication devices, and described each based on wireless mesh network node communication device all directly or by other based on wireless mesh network node communication device connects described concentrator indirectly.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises central processing module, memory module, network communication interface module, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and power module, described central processing module connects described memory module, network communication interface module, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and power module respectively, described based on wireless mesh network node communication device interconnects by described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, or connects described concentrator by described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the central processing module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises hardware cell, data processing unit, applying unit and administrative unit, described data processing unit is connected between described hardware cell and the described applying unit, described hardware cell also connects described network communication interface module and memory module, and described administrative unit connects described hardware cell, data processing unit and applying unit respectively.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the hardware cell of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises hardware driving subelement and hardware abstraction subelement, described hardware driving subelement connects described data processing unit by described hardware abstraction subelement, and described hardware driving subelement also connects described network communication interface module and memory module respectively.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the data processing unit of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises clock subelement, storage subelement and communications protocol subelement, and described clock subelement, storage subelement and communications protocol subelement all are connected between described hardware cell and the described applying unit.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the central processing module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device also comprises radio frequency unit, and described radio frequency unit is connected between described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and the described applying unit.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the radio frequency unit of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises radio-frequency driven subelement and the abstract subelement of radio frequency, and described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module is connected described applying unit by described radio-frequency driven subelement with the abstract subelement of radio frequency successively.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the central processing module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device is a microprocessor.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the power module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device is super capacitor or battery and/or ac-dc converter circuit.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, described concentrator comprises application management module, application module, mixed-media network modules mixed-media and Network Interface Module, described application management sequence of modules connects described application module, mixed-media network modules mixed-media and Network Interface Module, and described Network Interface Module connects the based on wireless mesh network node communication device that each described in described Surveillance center and the based on wireless mesh network node cluster directly connects concentrator respectively.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, described application module comprises wide area network applying unit and mesh network applying unit, described mixed-media network modules mixed-media comprises wide area network network element and mesh network element, described Network Interface Module comprises radio frequency interface unit and Ethernet interface unit, described application management sequence of modules is by described wide area network applying unit, the wide area network network element is connected described Surveillance center with the Ethernet interface unit, and described application management sequence of modules is by described mesh network applying unit, mesh network element is connected the based on wireless mesh network node communication device of each described direct connection concentrator with the radio frequency interface unit.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, the wide area network network element in the described mixed-media network modules mixed-media and mesh network element are by directly being connected based on IP protocol communication pipeline.
In this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system, described Surveillance center comprises management server and database, and described database is connected in described management server, and described management server also is connected in the Network Interface Module of described concentrator.
Adopted the wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system of this invention, because it comprises based on wireless mesh network node cluster, concentrator and Surveillance center, concentrator is connected between described based on wireless mesh network node cluster and the Surveillance center, described based on wireless mesh network node cluster comprises a plurality of based on wireless mesh network node communication devices, and each based on wireless mesh network node communication device all directly or by other based on wireless mesh network node communication device connects described concentrator indirectly.Its based on wireless mesh network node cluster has self-organizing, self-learning capability, the communication distance of based on wireless mesh network node communication device is longer, useful life is longer, thereby make this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system can be conveniently used in having expanded based on wireless mesh network The Application of Technology scope effectively in field extreme environment, difficult wiring occasion or the dynamic mobile object group place.This wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system simple in structure, with low cost, and have wide range of applications.
Embodiment
In order more to be expressly understood technology contents of the present invention, describe in detail especially exemplified by following examples.
See also shown in Figure 1ly, be the structural representation of wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system of the present invention.
In one embodiment, this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system comprises based on wireless mesh network node cluster, concentrator and Surveillance center, described concentrator is connected between described based on wireless mesh network node cluster and the Surveillance center, described based on wireless mesh network node cluster comprises a plurality of based on wireless mesh network node communication devices, and described each based on wireless mesh network node communication device all directly or by other based on wireless mesh network node communication device connects described concentrator indirectly.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises central processing module, memory module, network communication interface module, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and power module, described central processing module connects described memory module, network communication interface module, radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and power module respectively, described based on wireless mesh network node communication device interconnects by described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module, or connects described concentrator by described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module.The central processing module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device is a microprocessor.The power module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device is super capacitor or battery and/or ac-dc converter circuit.
Described concentrator comprises application management module, application module, mixed-media network modules mixed-media and Network Interface Module, described application management sequence of modules connects described application module, mixed-media network modules mixed-media and Network Interface Module, and described Network Interface Module connects the based on wireless mesh network node communication device that each described in described Surveillance center and the based on wireless mesh network node cluster directly connects concentrator respectively.
Described Surveillance center comprises management server and database, and described database is connected in described management server, and described management server also is connected in the Network Interface Module of described concentrator.
In a kind of more preferably execution mode, the central processing module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises hardware cell, data processing unit, applying unit and administrative unit, described data processing unit is connected between described hardware cell and the described applying unit, described hardware cell also connects described network communication interface module and memory module, and described administrative unit connects described hardware cell, data processing unit and applying unit respectively.
The application module of described concentrator comprises wide area network applying unit and mesh network applying unit, described mixed-media network modules mixed-media comprises wide area network network element and mesh network element, described Network Interface Module comprises radio frequency interface unit and Ethernet interface unit, described application management sequence of modules is by described wide area network applying unit, the wide area network network element is connected described Surveillance center with the Ethernet interface unit, and described application management sequence of modules is by described mesh network applying unit, mesh network element is connected the based on wireless mesh network node communication device of each described direct connection concentrator with the radio frequency interface unit.
In a kind of further preferred embodiment, the hardware cell of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises hardware driving subelement and hardware abstraction subelement, described hardware driving subelement connects described data processing unit by described hardware abstraction subelement, and described hardware driving subelement also connects described network communication interface module and memory module respectively.The data processing unit of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises clock subelement, storage subelement and communications protocol subelement, and described clock subelement, storage subelement and communications protocol subelement all are connected between described hardware cell and the described applying unit.The central processing module of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device also comprises radio frequency unit, and described radio frequency unit is connected between described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module and the described applying unit.The radio frequency unit of described based on wireless mesh network node communication device comprises radio-frequency driven subelement and the abstract subelement of radio frequency, and described radio-frequency (RF) receiving and transmission module is connected described applying unit by described radio-frequency driven subelement with the abstract subelement of radio frequency successively.
In more preferred embodiment, the wide area network network element in the mixed-media network modules mixed-media of described concentrator and mesh network element are by directly being connected based on IP protocol communication pipeline.
In an application of the invention, wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system of the present invention is by node, and concentrator and network manager three parts are formed.The essence of system is a two-way IPV6 wireless communication networks platform, node each other, node and concentrator, and carry out communication by this platform between concentrator and the network manager.
Node deployment can be found network voluntarily and be registered to concentrator after installing, and carry out Route Selection and reselection procedure intelligently according to the situation that wireless channel constantly changes, form and have self-organizing, self-healing realizes on this basis also that from the based on wireless mesh network of managerial ability two-way relay-type data transmit.Interstitial content covers and can reach up to ten thousand, the number of nodes that can cover far more than wireless mesh network system of the prior art.
1, based on wireless mesh network node communication device
The node communication device is built-in, and it has data acquisition, storage, the function of monitoring and intelligent two-way wireless communication.Be responsible for the data of various transducers are sent to Surveillance center via neighbor node or concentrator, and form and have self-organizing, self-healing is from the based on wireless mesh network of managerial ability.It finishes information exchange with concentrator by the refile of adjacent node.By two-way communication completely can be at any time reading of data and send warning information as required, and receive from the instruction of Surveillance center and deliver to corresponding processing unit.
The functional structure chart of based on wireless mesh network node communication device as shown in Figure 3.The hardware driving layer is responsible for the interface of hardware, and as clock, the setting of synchronous communication asynchronous communication etc. provides the hardware abstraction layer service.The hardware abstraction layer service separates the concrete function based on specific hardware with upper layer module, improve the portability of software.Clock module is responsible for the setting of various clocks, the generation of time signal etc.Data memory module is responsible for the conversion of data format, and the compression of data stores functions such as verification and deletion.Communication protocol module is responsible for carrying out communication with transducer etc. by respective protocol, and application module is to the data from the transducer or the wire network (radio-frequency head) of this locality, instruction, and alarms etc. are correspondingly processed.Management plane manages each module, and upgrading etc. as the registration of module, are set.
Physical layer/the data Layer of communication module is operated in the frequency band that need not licence based on IEEE 802.15.4g SUN standard.And adopt frequency hopping to carry out anti-interference and the reduction multipath effect.Maximum radio frequency power can reach 1W, and under clear (LOS) situation, effective propagation path is above 10 kilometers.The building block technique index is as follows:
Working frequency range: 470-510MHz
Data transfer rate: 400kbps
Spread spectrum: FHSS
Modulation: GFSK
Maximum radio frequency output: 1W (30dBm)
Receiver sensitivity :-90dBm (PER=1%)
Working temperature :-40 ℃ to+85 ℃
Working relative humidity: 0%-95%, non-condensing
Radio-frequency driven is responsible for the concrete setting to radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, the returning of control and data.The radio frequency level of abstraction separates data Layer function and concrete radio-frequency (RF) transceiver, to increase the portability of software.It is encrypted or deciphers data by 128-AES encoder, and carries out forward error correction (FEC) coding, 32 CRC check sign indicating numbers and albefaction (Whitening).Link layer (LLC/MAC) adopts the IEEE802.15.5 standard.Network layer is supported IPV6, and carries out the selection of route by routing engine.
2, based on wireless mesh network concentrator
Concentrator is the communication bridge between the wide area network of independently node based on wireless mesh network and external stability.Its two ends are fully independently, use the network of different physical layers.One end and node are by wireless telecommunications, and concentrator can connect a nearly hundreds of node.The other end provides the Ethernet interface of standard, by the broadband IP network of standard, and as optical fiber, GPRS etc. and Surveillance center's network management software and other application software communication.
The structure of based on wireless mesh network concentrator as shown in Figure 4, its application management layer provides the user interface that adopts HTTPS based on WEB, is used for each application module is managed.Its function comprises setting, self-test, the upgrading of module, the daily record audit of incident/alarm, user authorization management etc.Application module comprises data, the management of alarm and incident etc.
At wide area network interface one end, the wide area network application module is responsible for the setting of network parameter, as IP, and dns server network address etc.Network layer and network interface layer adopt IP and ethernet standard fully.
At mesh network interface one end, the mesh network application module is responsible for the setting to network, monitoring and management, the state of the registration of project such as node, mandate, network, routing table etc.It also is responsible for the software upgrading of own and coordinator node simultaneously.Concentrator mesh network interface supports a plurality of radio frequencies to increase bandwidth and to reduce time delay, is coordinated and division by application module.
Concentrator also provides the direct pipeline communication of the IP packet of wide area network and mesh network in addition, and IP-based applications software is directly communicated by letter with network node.
3, based on wireless mesh network Surveillance center
Surveillance center's operation has an enterprise operation center network management server.Management server provides one based on WEB for the user, and powerful, the graphic user interface of simple and convenient is effectively managed all based on wireless mesh network nodes and concentrator by this program.It and concentrator adopt the communications protocol of the TCP/IP over SSL of standard.Surveillance center is made up of database service and network management services two parts, and software adopts the client-server pattern, and client only needs web browser.
Wherein, the processing to data, storage partly are responsible in database service.It provides powerful instant analysis simultaneously, and query function, and can produce various forms and warning information makes the operator can be real-time, grasps the ruuning situation of node all sidedly, and can inquire about as required in real time part of nodes by database service.Database service also provides standard interface, makes things convenient for the use of other application software.
Network management services partly is responsible for the management to based on wireless mesh network, being provided with etc. of monitoring and operational factor.It can carry out automatic, intelligent setting to node and concentrator, and need not manual intervention.Network management services can be to single or multiple or all nodes and approaching real-time inquiry and the instruction of concentrator issue.Simultaneously also can be provided with and show alarm.The network management services part also is responsible for the synchronous of network system time.
Fig. 5 is the meshed network topological diagram that is produced by based on wireless mesh network Surveillance center.From figure, can be clear that very much the situation of structure, node route and the node of network.By this topological diagram, and be equipped with GPS and GIS,, whether bottleneck arranged, whether isolated node etc. is arranged as network with regard to being very easy to find the problem place.And then can take appropriate measures, as increasing repeater etc., to address the above problem easily.
Following table is the tabulation report example of each node, shows series number, node hardware and software version, IP address, node state, the concentrator of being registered etc.
Sequence number |
The IP address |
Hardware version |
Software version |
The concentrator sequence number |
The present situation |
NJ-100 |
128.122.4.100 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-101 |
128.122.4.121 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-102 |
128.122.4.101 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-104 |
128.122.4.102 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-105 |
128.122.4.111 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-106 |
128.122.4.117 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Work |
NJ-107 |
128.122.4.110 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-109 |
128.122.4.103 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-110 |
128.122.4.105 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-111 |
128.122.4.107 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-112 |
128.122.4.108 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-113 |
128.122.4.120 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Fault |
NJ-119 |
128.122.4.113 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
NJ-121 |
128.122.4.114 |
NJ-V8 |
V1.0.1 |
NET-CTO2 |
Await orders |
Each node state report tabulation example of table 1
Wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, fail safe
Network security is the most important thing of system.This wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system adopts multiple safe and secret technology guaranteeing the safety of the whole transmission course of data from initial to terminal point, and to the safety of data access control.Following table has been listed the specific implementation of security of system in detail.
The table 2 native system security performance implementation table of comparisons
2, self-organization
This based on wireless mesh network has self-organization.Network can be found and add to the node communication module voluntarily after startup is installed.Its process realizes by monitoring and periodic broadcasting self.By monitoring the existence that to understand near adjacent node, obtain routing iinformation by information exchange again with adjacent node.Make adjacent node know that thereby the existence of self reaches the purpose with the adjacent node communication by periodic broadcasting self.
Self-organization has been exempted manual intervention, need not manual setting, thereby has simplified system's installation, makes system have fabulous extensibility.
3, reliability
This ad-hoc wireless mesh network system have self-healing and characteristic.The existence in a plurality of paths makes the fault of individual node not influence other node.Node is regularly assessed the path, and returns information with the maintenance optimal path with adjacent node, thereby system reliability is greatly improved.When searching shortest path, also fully take into account the power of signal, the data traffic of node, and the history of mutual communication etc.
4, time synchronized
Owing to the temporal difference that the difference of the crystal oscillator of each node and concentrator causes, need be corrected to guarantee the validity of data.This wireless mesh network system is regularly once corrected.At first be synchronized to time server by network manager, correct concentrator by network manager again, concentrator is corrected the one-level contact, and the one-level contact is corrected secondary, corrects so step by step, realizes the time synchronized of whole system.
5, wireless software upgrading
This based on wireless mesh network node can be realized the wireless software upgrading.Software upgrading is initiated by network management server, and code is sent to concentrator, sends to the one-level contact by concentrator again, sends to the secondary contact by the one-level contact again, as ripple effect, realizes the software upgrading of whole system.Software upgrading also can be only to single or specific group.
Adopted the wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system of this invention, because it comprises based on wireless mesh network node cluster, concentrator and Surveillance center, concentrator is connected between described based on wireless mesh network node cluster and the Surveillance center, described based on wireless mesh network node cluster comprises a plurality of based on wireless mesh network node communication devices, and each based on wireless mesh network node communication device all directly or by other based on wireless mesh network node communication device connects described concentrator indirectly.Its based on wireless mesh network node cluster has self-organizing, self-learning capability, the communication distance of based on wireless mesh network node communication device is longer, useful life is longer, thereby make this wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system can be conveniently used in having expanded based on wireless mesh network The Application of Technology scope effectively in field extreme environment, difficult wiring occasion or the dynamic mobile object group place.This wireless Ad Hoc mesh network system simple in structure, with low cost, and have wide range of applications.
In this specification, the present invention is described with reference to its certain embodiments.But, still can make various modifications and conversion obviously and not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, specification and accompanying drawing are regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive.