A kind of intelligent building energy management system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application aspect the intelligent building energy of computer networking technology, database technology and Computer Control Technology, specifically be applicable to the energy management of To enterprises management and business characteristic.
Background technology
China's building year power consumption total amount accounts for 10% of national total flow, and energy expenditure surpasses 80,000,000,000 yuan, and unit floor area of building energy consumption ranks the first in the world; Producing these problem main causes is: 1) lack scientific and effective electric energy efficiency ladder of management, such as do not know leak that electric energy in the buildings had mainly consumed somewhere, when consumed how many electric energy, waste of energy where, the chance improved has those again; 2) on electric power distribution system and electric power quality aspect, the unclear consumption how many reactive powers are arranged, how many power factor (PF)s of that time period is; 3) in load and equipment aspect, the resources of central air conditioner, illuminator, boiler and other power consumption loads are not understood, be in a kind of supervisor status of extensive style.
The newly-built building standard of China is all almost planned according to the intelligent building standard and is designed at present.The core that intelligent building is realized is the system integration, realizes comprehensive sharing by the system integration, improves service quality and work efficiency, how soon reaches, the good province and purpose efficiently.Yet, along with deepening constantly of intelligent building, the object of being managed is tending towards complicated, complicated factor mainly contains: the quantity of the unit of the isomerism of the quantity of being managed, the kind of object, tissue, physical distribution, participation tissue, the degree of service colligate etc., at this moment, the network synthesis management that is expanded to based on distribution by traditional single relatively network management is the inevitable requirement of environment.The importance of the energy management of To enterprises management simultaneously and business characteristic is also paid attention to by people gradually.
Essence about zone, groups of building and buildings energy management problem can provide general description by the form of mathematical programming problem:
◆ objective function=MIN (the total energy consumption expense of zone, groups of building and buildings);
◆ constraint condition: the various market price and the environment weather conditions that infeed the various energy with energy demand, outside of zone, groups of building and buildings;
◆ decision variable: the outside infeeds selection, the equipment running status (comprise out/stop and rate of load condensate) of the energy, and the setting value of key parameter (comprising the indoor environment parameter, equipment operation parameter etc.) and other have influence on the factor of system energy consumption.
Chinese invention patent application number 200710035773.3 discloses a kind of construction energy-conserving control method and system; this system adopts upper energy management computing machine and building energy consumption equipment networking; unified energy real time data of gathering building energy consumption equipment; unified calculation is analyzed; and compare with energy conservation standard value in the database; exceed standard and send warning, and the output control signal, device energy conservation operation of control building energy consumption or shutdown connected by network.
Above-mentioned construction energy-conserving control method and system exist several of main problems: 1) all energy consumption datas are separated with business data processing in the buildings, the intelligent building administration of energy conservation is not shared as information, resource and task comprehensive as yet and overall incorporate integrated management in an ingredient; 2) quantity of the unit of the isomerism of the kind of the quantity of not considering to be managed, object, tissue, physical distribution, participation tissue, the complexity factors such as degree of service colligate; 3) lack at the aspects such as distribution synthesization, mobilism and intellectuality of system and take all factors into consideration; 4) only carried out the energy consumption warning function, and do not carried out comprehensive consideration, lacked a kind of optimal solution of building energy management at aspects such as energy auditing, equipment energy consumption management, regional managing power consumption, energy forecast management and energy assessments.
Summary of the invention
Single for the electric energy efficiency ladder of management that overcomes existing construction energy-conserving control method and system, be separated with business data processing, the deficiency of the intelligent aspect of synthesization mobilism shortcoming, the invention provides a kind of have multiple administration of energy conservation means, in conjunction with intelligent building energy management system business administration and business characteristic, that become more meticulous, mobilism, synthesization.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of intelligent building energy management system, described intelligent building energy management system comprises:
System is provided with the unit, is used to be provided with managing power consumption object, administrator information, and system provides user authority management, notifications, system error message, system operation record, energy consumption terminological interpretation and system parameter setting; Described system parameter setting comprise the outside infeed the selection of the energy, equipment by the state of calendar plan operation and the setting value of key parameter, described key parameter comprises indoor environment parameter and equipment operation parameter;
The energy consumption data collecting unit is used to gather the energy consumption data of managing power consumption object; Adopt the situ metrology equipment of different agreement to communicate, the related data of building various energy consumption equipments and energy-efficient equipment is gathered, and on the simulation segment, show the real-time sound attitude attribute of energy consumption equipment automatically;
The energy auditing administrative unit, the power consumption state of the managing power consumption object that is used to audit comprises the size and the phasing degree of reactive power; Automatically gather each energy consumption equipment real time execution parameter, and be saved in database automatically, as the misoperation situation takes place, system reports to the police automatically;
The equipment energy consumption administrative unit is used for real-time monitoring and management to equipment being unit; System possesses and adds up each energy consumption equipment historical data and energy form automatically and sort out the integrated data ability, with the form of coordinate curve, form form show, output and printing;
Managing power consumption unit, zone, being used for the zone is the real-time monitoring and the management of unit; Described zone is single building buildings, be building group, concentrated building group or the building group of dispersion; Described regional managing power consumption unit on a time period, the data of reference time and codes and standards energy consumption compare, and draws each energy consumption equipment comparing data in the zone; Possess period data and period last year energy consumption then, the comparability between the similar energy consumption of other buildingss draws the chain rate data, and generates the energy consumption report automatically and form the managing power consumption file;
In the described managing power consumption file, to the user provide each energy management group by the time, day by day, month by month, power consumption values report year by year, help the user to grasp the energy resource consumption situation of oneself, find out the energy resource consumption exceptional value; The unit area energy consumption index is reported as energy consumption statistic, energy auditing provides the data support; Temperature, the humidity function of reference help to analyze the correlativity of energy consumption data and environmental data.
The energy forecast administrative unit is used for carrying out regional energy consumption data statistics and forecast analysis according to the power consumption state of each managing power consumption object and the requirement that the unit is implemented in energy planning in the history of described energy management database and the various energy consumption datas of present stage, the described energy auditing administrative unit;
Energy consumption is reported to the police and the requirement control module, and the load group, load and the contract capacity information that are used for according to unit carry out requirement control;
Energy assessment unit, the consumption that is used to optimize energy scheduling and balance, energy savings and improves reactive power;
The energy planning unit is used for making rational energy application plan according to present energy operating position;
The energy management database is used for floor, managing power consumption object, gauging table, systematic parameter, key parameter, the operational plan of energy consumption equipment calendar, energy consumption master data, the expert knowledge library of storage administration person, buildings, buildings and preferentially controls energy consumption object apparatus tables of data.
Further, in the described energy forecast administrative unit, providing each classification subitem energy consumption data by the time, day by day, month by month, statistical graph year by year and text form, and the chart of all kinds of relevant energy consumption indexs, all levels of management personnel compare to class's consumption, consumption per day, month consumption of the energy, analyze leak and unreasonable situation in the energy use, adjust energy allocation strategy; Adopt formula (1) to predict the requirements of the energy;
P
pneed=P
Nneed×(1800-t)×Δt/Δp (1)
In the formula: P
PneedBe prediction energy demand value, P
NneedBe current energy demand value, Δ t/ Δ p is a predictive coefficient, and Δ t monitors sampling time interval, and unit is second, and Δ p is the variable quantity of the at interval interior energy of monitoring time, t predicted time interval, and unit is second;
Just need be if prediction energy demand value surpasses peak value contract capacity according to the unloading of load unloading priority level, with the punishment that prevents to be imposed a fine or have a power failure, predetermined period is 30 minutes.
In described energy consumption warning and the requirement control module, the requirement control system is predicted next moment requirement automatically, unloads or recovers according to the unloading priority level of loading and load, and guarantees that system's requirement is no more than peak value contract capacity, avoids imposing a fine or having a power failure; Specific practice is: in the power load power, if during current electricity consumption requirement convergence peak value contract capacity, need take measures to reduce the electricity consumption requirement, requirement control algolithm performing step is as follows:
With DL load is divided into groups, a monitor node can have a plurality of load groups, but each load group necessary corresponding one or one group of contract; The control computing of each load group is independently carried out, and DL will load according to 6 unloading grade classifications; The DL per minute is handled following flow process:
1) DL reads meter data;
2) DL interior power demand of prediction requirement cycle is set when power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, and DL calculates the performance number that needs adjustment, and this performance number is exactly the amount that DL need unload;
3) set when the predicted power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, it is that 6 load unloads that DL at first selects to unload rank, up to reaching the unloading target; The equipment that DL circulation unloading can unload;
Load under the following condition can not unload:
A) load is locked;
B) load is not online, or is in alarm condition;
C) load has been in unloaded state or has been lower than the unloading rank;
D) the load operation time is less than minimum working time;
E) load is just unloaded by DL and recovers, but release time is less than the minimum restoring time;
4) if the unloading rank is that 6 load is all unloaded, DL begins to unload the load than the little one-level of this rank, promptly unloads load and be 5 load, up to meeting the demands;
5) if the unloading rank is that 5 load is all unloaded, it is 4 load that DL begins to unload rank, up to meeting the demands; Up to the unloading rank is 1 load;
6) if the load that unloading all can unload still can not meet the demands, DL produces alert notice;
7) each load has in attribute short landing to carry the time, and DL is unloaded time of each load relatively, and when meeting the demands, DL can recover load, and the order of recovering load is opposite with unloading;
DL under run mode, load picture group and the load detailed map, click the load group and can check that the service data of this load group shows and the powertrace in the requirement cycle, can check each load condition in the load detailed map, simultaneously load is controlled, the grouping information of DL leaves in the described preferential control energy consumption object apparatus tables of data.
In the described energy assessment unit, rely on Implementation of Expert System off-line, inline diagnosis and automatically restoring fault, according to the energy consumption equipment Changing Pattern, automatic diagnosis energy consumption disease, and provide energy-conservation report and power consumption prompting; Also include relevant energy management country and local regulation standard in the described energy assessment unit; Foundation is in order to the minimized energy signature system of the total energy consumption expense that realizes zone, groups of building and buildings,, i.e. the total energy consumption expense of zoning, groups of building and buildings.
Described power consumption prompting, the user is by the self-defined various power consumption types of man-machine interface, and the transmission, the affirmation that possess the power consumption incident are handled and record file function, and information can be sent to the user by different modes such as Email, note, specific printers.
In the described energy signature system, amounting to into standard unit for the operating position of the variety classes energy compares with comprehensive, need set up the energy of fuel oil, fire coal, combustion gas and electrification and amount to relation, the conversion of enterprise energy consumption value is primary energy consumption amounts and relative CO such as heat, standard coal equivalent and crude oil, raw coal
2Burst size, and the described energy relation of amounting to is dynamic, along with the change of energy market is adjusted.
Described energy planning unit forms the managing power consumption file; According to present energy operating position, make energy application plan; According to energy user demand, work out energy buying, production, supply plan.
In the described energy management database, by diverse network and agreement described energy consumption data collecting unit is kept at the energy consumption master data of gathering in the corresponding table, described energy auditing administrative unit, described equipment energy consumption administrative unit, described regional managing power consumption unit, described energy forecast administrative unit, described energy consumption are reported to the police and requirement control module, described energy assessment unit and described energy planning unit read relevant information and data and carry out corresponding calculated from described energy consumption data storehouse, realize the monitoring and the management of energy consumption.
The exchange of data is supported diverse network and agreement with communicating by letter between each unit, comprises interface and agreements such as RS485,232, OPC, Bacnet, Lonwork.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: have multiple administration of energy conservation means, in conjunction with business administration and business characteristic, have become more meticulous, the advantage of mobilism, synthesization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for to carry out building energy management concept figure by peak load shifting;
Fig. 2 is the formation block diagram of intelligent building energy management system;
Fig. 3 is a kind of intelligent building energy management data list structure and graph of a relation;
Fig. 4 is a kind of graph of a relation of each subsystem of intelligent building energy management.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
With reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 4, a kind of intelligent building energy management system, comprise and be used to be provided with the managing power consumption object, the system of relevant informations such as supvr is provided with the unit, be used to gather the energy consumption data collecting unit of managing power consumption object, the energy auditing administrative unit of managing power consumption object is used to audit, being used for equipment is the equipment energy consumption administrative unit of real-time monitoring and management of unit, being used for the zone is the regional managing power consumption unit of real-time detection and management of unit, be used to carry out energy consumption data statistics and the energy forecast administrative unit of analyzing, be used for load group according to unit, load and contract capacity information carry out the energy consumption of requirement control and report to the police and the requirement control module, be used to optimize energy scheduling and balance, energy savings and the energy assessment unit that improves the consumption of reactive power, be used for making the energy planning unit of rational energy application plan according to present energy operating position, be used for storage administration person, buildings, the floor of buildings, the managing power consumption object, gauging table, systematic parameter, key parameter, the operational plan of energy consumption equipment calendar, the energy consumption master data, expert knowledge library, the energy consumption data storehouse of preferential control energy consumption object apparatus tables of data etc., the annexation of each unit is as shown in Figure 4;
Described system is provided with the unit, is used to be provided with relevant informations such as managing power consumption object, supvr, and system provides functions such as user authority management, system comrade, system error message, system operation record, energy consumption terminological interpretation and system parameter setting; Described system parameter setting has comprised the outside selection of the energy, the state (comprise out/stop and rate of load condensate) by calendar plan operation of equipment of infeeding, the setting value of key parameter (comprising the indoor environment parameter, equipment operation parameter etc.) and other have influence on the factor of system energy consumption;
Described energy consumption data collecting unit is used to gather the energy consumption data of managing power consumption object; The requirement system adopts the situ metrology equipment of different agreement to communicate, and the related data of building various energy consumption equipments and energy-efficient equipment is gathered, and show the real-time sound attitude attribute of energy consumption equipment automatically on the simulation segment;
Described energy auditing administrative unit, the power consumption state of the managing power consumption object that is used to audit comprises the size and the phasing degree of reactive power; Automatically gather each energy consumption equipment real time execution parameter, and be saved in database automatically, as the misoperation situation takes place, system reports to the police automatically;
Described equipment energy consumption administrative unit is used for real-time monitoring and management to equipment being unit; System possesses and adds up each energy consumption equipment historical data and energy form automatically and sort out the integrated data ability, with the form of coordinate curve, form form show, output and printing;
Described regional managing power consumption unit, being used for the zone is the real-time monitoring and the management of unit; Described zone can be single building buildings, also can be building group; Can be the building group of concentrating, also can be the building group that disperses; Described regional managing power consumption unit on a time period, the data of reference time and codes and standards energy consumption compare, and draws each energy consumption equipment comparing data in the zone; Possess period data and period last year energy consumption then, the comparability between the similar energy consumption of other buildingss draws the chain rate data, and generates the energy consumption report automatically and form the managing power consumption file;
Described managing power consumption file, be used for to the user provide each energy management group by the time, day by day, month by month, power consumption values report year by year, help the user to grasp the energy resource consumption situation of oneself, find out the energy resource consumption exceptional value; Unit area energy consumption multiple relevant energy consumption indexs such as (EUI) is reported as energy consumption statistic, energy auditing provides the data support; Temperature, the humidity function of reference help to analyze the correlativity of energy consumption data and environmental data, help managerial personnel to analyze and seek energy-conservation approaches and methods;
Described energy forecast administrative unit is used for described zone is carried out the energy consumption data statistics and analyzed; Providing each classification subitem energy consumption data by the time, day by day, month by month, statistical graph year by year and text form, and the chart of all kinds of relevant energy consumption indexs, all levels of management personnel compare to class's consumption, consumption per day, month consumption of the energy, analyze leak and unreasonable situation in the energy use, adjust energy allocation strategy; Adopt formula (1) to predict the requirements of the energy among the present invention;
P
pneed=P
Nneed×(1800-t)×Δt/Δp (1)
In the formula: P
PneedBe prediction energy demand value, P
NneedFor current energy demand value, Δ t/ Δ p are that predictive coefficient, Δ t are the variable quantity of the energy in the monitoring time interval for monitoring sampling time interval (unit is second), Δ p, the t predicted time is (unit is second) at interval;
Just need be if prediction energy demand value surpasses peak value contract capacity according to the unloading of load unloading priority level, with the punishment that prevents to be imposed a fine or have a power failure, predetermined period is 30 minutes;
Described energy consumption is reported to the police and the requirement control module, and the load group, load and the contract capacity information that are used for according to unit carry out requirement control; The requirement control system is predicted next requirement constantly automatically, unloads the priority level unloading or recovers load according to load, guarantees that system's requirement is no more than peak value contract capacity, avoids fine or power failure; Specific practice is: in the power load power, as shown in Figure 1, if during current electricity consumption requirement convergence peak value contract capacity, need take measures to reduce the electricity consumption requirement, requirement control algolithm performing step is as follows:
With DL load is divided into groups, a monitor node can have a plurality of load groups, but each load group necessary corresponding one or one group of contract; The control computing of each load group is independently carried out, and DL will load according to 6 unloading grade classifications;
Described 6 unloading grade classifications are with reference to preferential unloading machine energy supply table, and are as shown in table 1;
Table 1
In described preferential unloading machine energy supply table,, login by priority at first by Unloading Control object load is divided into groups; A plurality of machines in load group, capacity, the circulation of importing them simultaneously stop may the time, with the load group be unit unload the possible time together and the priority under the unloading situation is logined.
The DL per minute is handled following flow process:
1) DL reads meter data;
2) DL interior power demand of prediction requirement cycle is set when power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, and DL calculates the performance number that needs adjustment, and this performance number is exactly the amount that DL need unload;
3) set when the predicted power demand surpasses peak value contract capacity, it is that 6 load unloads that DL at first selects to unload rank, up to reaching the unloading target; The equipment that DL circulation unloading can unload;
Load under the following condition can not unload:
A) load is locked;
B) load is not online, or is in alarm condition;
C) load has been in unloaded state or has been lower than the unloading rank;
D) the load operation time is less than minimum working time;
E) load is just unloaded by DL and recovers, but release time is less than the minimum restoring time;
4) if the unloading rank is that 6 load is all unloaded, DL begins to unload the load than the little one-level of this rank, promptly unloads load and be 5 load, up to meeting the demands;
5) if the unloading rank is that 5 load is all unloaded, it is 4 load that DL begins to unload rank, up to meeting the demands; Up to the unloading rank is 1 load;
6) if the load that unloading all can unload still can not meet the demands, DL produces alert notice;
7) each load has in attribute short landing to carry the time, and DL is unloaded time of each load relatively, and when meeting the demands, DL can recover load, and the order of recovering load is opposite with unloading;
DL under run mode, load picture group and the load detailed map, click the load group and can check that the service data of this load group shows and the powertrace in the requirement cycle, can check each load condition in the load detailed map, simultaneously load is controlled, the grouping information of DL leaves in the described preferential control energy consumption object apparatus tables of data;
Described energy assessment unit, the consumption that is used to optimize energy scheduling and balance, energy savings and improves reactive power; The main functions such as Implementation of Expert System off-line, inline diagnosis and automatically restoring fault that rely on, according to the energy consumption equipment Changing Pattern, automatic diagnosis energy consumption disease, and provide energy-conservation report and power consumption prompting; Also include relevant energy management country and local regulation standard in the described energy assessment unit; Consider the energy structure problem, set up energy signature system,, promptly calculate MIN (the total energy consumption expense of zone, groups of building and buildings) with minimizing of the total energy consumption expense that realizes zone, groups of building and buildings;
Described power consumption prompting, the user is by the self-defined various power consumption types of man-machine interface, and the transmission, the affirmation that possess the power consumption incident are handled and record file function, and information can be sent to the user by different modes such as Email, note, specific printers;
Described energy signature system, being used for amounting to into standard unit for the operating position of the variety classes energy compares with comprehensive, need set up the energy of fuel oil, fire coal, combustion gas and electrification and amount to relation, enterprise energy consumption value conversion is primary energy consumption amounts and relative CO2 burst size such as heat (MJ), standard coal equivalent and crude oil, raw coal, and that this relation needs is dynamic, along with the change of energy market is in time adjusted;
Described energy planning unit is used for making rational energy application plan according to present energy operating position, forms the managing power consumption file; According to present energy operating position, make energy application plan; According to energy user demand, work out energy buying, production, supply plan, accomplishing to produce has purpose, uses planned, aspect the energy guarantee produce steadily and the energy use reasonable, thrifty, the phenomenon that avoids waste generation;
Described energy consumption data storehouse is used for floor, managing power consumption object, gauging table, systematic parameter, key parameter, the operational plan of energy consumption equipment calendar, energy consumption master data and the expert knowledge library of storage administration person, buildings, buildings, preferentially controls information or data such as energy consumption object apparatus tables of data; Described energy consumption data storehouse is kept at described energy consumption data collecting unit in the corresponding table with the energy consumption master data of gathering by diverse network and agreement, described energy auditing administrative unit, described equipment energy consumption administrative unit, described regional managing power consumption unit, described energy forecast administrative unit, described energy consumption is reported to the police and the requirement control module, described energy assessment unit reads relevant information and data and carries out corresponding calculated with described energy planning unit from described energy consumption data storehouse, realize the monitoring and the management of energy consumption, general data list structure and graph of a relation are as shown in Figure 3 in the intelligent building energy management;
System supports diverse network and agreement to comprise interface and agreements such as RS485,232, OPC, Bacnet, Lonwork, all standard agreements in the compatible industry now in the software of system, and need not change platform can integrated all gauging tables and control execution unit.
By the construction of intelligent building energy management system, can not only effectively solve real-time management of balance of the energy and monitoring management, can also be by to the filing and the management of a large amount of historical datas, for further data being excavated, analyze, are processed and processing creating conditions.