CN102191085A - Method for using sludge to produce coal gas - Google Patents
Method for using sludge to produce coal gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102191085A CN102191085A CN2010101181699A CN201010118169A CN102191085A CN 102191085 A CN102191085 A CN 102191085A CN 2010101181699 A CN2010101181699 A CN 2010101181699A CN 201010118169 A CN201010118169 A CN 201010118169A CN 102191085 A CN102191085 A CN 102191085A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for using sludge to produce coal gas. The method comprises the following steps: (1) using sludge and coal to prepare sludge and coal slurry; (2) sending the sludge and coal slurry into a vapourizing furnace, allowing the sludge and coal slurry and a gasifying agent to react to generate coal gas. For example, the sludge and coal slurry and the gasifying agent are subject to a combustion reaction and a gasification reaction at a temperature higher than the melting point of the sludge and coal slurry to generate coal gas. The process flow of the method is: preparation of sludge water and coal sludge-combustion-cooling-coal gas. By adopting sludge as the main raw material of coal gas production, on one hand, the sludge is effectively processed (the sludge goes through the high temperature processing of combustion and gasification and bacteria are killed) ; on the other hand, the resource utilization of sludge is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to green technology, especially Sludge Disposal Techniques particularly relates to a kind of method of making coal gas with mud.
Background technology
Mud is the solid waste that produces in the sewage treatment process, mainly contain city dehydrated sludge and industrial dewatered sludge (as paper mill sludge, printing and dyeing sludge etc.), along with development of science and technology and people raising day by day to environmental requirement, ratio and the degree in the world wide sewage handled improve gradually, the annual sludge discharged amount of China sanitary sewage disposal factory (dry weight) is about 1,300,000 tons at present, and annual growth is greater than 10%, mud is a kind of proemial material, its reason is: 1) contain various bacteriums in the wet mud, virus and Parasites, germ be breeding in a large number therein.2) also contain heavy metal compounds such as zinc, copper, lead and cadmium in the mud, and deleterious organic compound, agrochemical.Enter environment without the appropriate mud of disposing, will produce severe contamination water source and atmosphere.Simultaneously, along with the increase of industrial sewage processing rate, produced the very strong industrial sludge of a large amount of toxicity, the harmless treatment of these mud is to be related to the rivers,lakes and seas Pollution abatement and to keep ecological key.Therefore, the minimizing of mud, stabilization, innoxious and recycling treatment are disposed new difficult point, the new challenge that has become in the comprehensive environmental improvement work.
At present, landfill and anhydration and incineration are the main disposal options of mud, and landfill not only can produce transudate and gas destruction environment, polluted air and water source; The gases methane that landfill yard produces, do not take appropriate measures and also can set off an explosion, therefore, landfill can not finally be avoided environmental pollution, and just delayed the pollution generation time, and landfill can take a large amount of land resources, and the landfill yard that can take over for use is fewer and feweri at present, and landfill is forbidden by various countries gradually.
Because mud has high-moisture percentage and low heat value, for example aspect water ratio, the water ratio of mud can reach 96%-98%, even the water ratio of mud is also still very high after mechanical dehydration is handled, generally at 75%-85%.Obviously, the direct burning of mud is infeasible.At present, topmost burning mode has two kinds.First kind of mode is mud to be mixed together with other fuel burn, and its shortcoming is: need special fuel transport and plenum system, and, the amount of required fuel is bigger, conveying cost height, and fuel consumption causes very high cost, and mud handling capacity is restricted.The second way is that (moisture percentage in sewage sludge is about 35% or lower after the mummification) behind the sludge drying burned again, and its shortcoming is: blast easily in drying process, be easy to generate dust pollution, and the more heat of mummification consumption, the mummification cost is too high.
Therefore, wishing has a kind of novel mud to come mud is carried out more effective recycling treatment, promotes the well-being of mankind to turn waste into wealth.
On the other hand, coal water slurry is made coal gas and is obtained people's attention day by day as a kind of free of contamination clear energy sources technology, and this technology is that raw material passes through Texaco's furnace gas production gas with the coal water slurry.COAL-WATER SLURRY TECHNOLOGY is the new mode of coal utilization of a kind of replace oil with coal of producing in the worldwide oil crisis seventies in 20th century.Its major technique characteristics are that coal, water, portions additive are added in the grinding machine, after grinding, become a kind of similar oil the same can the mobile coal based fluid fuel.Owing in the preparation coal water slurry, need to add about 40% water.And not only contain a large amount of water that is difficult to remove in the mud, organism wherein also has certain calorific value simultaneously, if the water that can utilize mud to replace adding coal water slurry not only can be saved the needed water resources of manufacturing coal water slurry, but also consumed the moisture in the mud, utilized the organic heat energy in the mud, eliminated the pollution of mud and sludge water, really realized the recycling of mud environment.
At present, there are some sludge coal slurries to be used for incendiary report both at home and abroad, but, fail effectively to be applied, therefore, be necessary to study novel technology and method because foreign matter content height in the mud, calorific value are low.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is: provide a kind of method with mud system coal gas, in order to overcome or to alleviate at least the defective and the deficiency of existing mud, coal water slurry gasification and sludge water-coal-slurry.Technical problem to be solved by this invention is existing sludge disposal cost height, exists secondary pollution environment, the halfway problem of sludge disposal in the sludge disposal process; The coal heat-energy losses is excessive in the gasified coal water slurry process, water resource waste big and the low application problem of sludge coal slurry calorific value.
The inventor notices that the water ratio of mud is very high, and generally more than 80%, this is the character decision of mud itself.According to analysis, the moisture in the wet mud mainly exists with four kinds of following forms: intergranular interstitial water, and it accounts for 70% of mud total moisture; Between mud granule, form contained water in some little kapillaries, be called capillary water, account for 20% of sludge water content; Be adsorbed on the moisture of particle surface, be called planar water, account for 7% of sludge water content; Be present in the water in mud granule inside or the microorganism cells, be called internal water, account for 3% of sludge water content.The inventor notices that further the difficulty of removing above-mentioned four kinds of moisture in the mud is successively in proper order: internal water＞planar water＞capillary water＞interstitial water.Being that internal water is the most difficult removes, and removes and interstitial water is the easiest.The both economical mode of moisture is to adopt mechanical system in the removal mud, the mud that sewage disposal produced has higher water content, because moisture and mud granule bonded characteristic, adopt mechanical means to remove and have certain restriction, the organic content in the mud, ash content the ratio particularly addition of flocculation agent have material impact for final solid content.In general, adopt mechanical dehydration can obtain the solid content of 20%-30%.The organic content of general dewatered sludge is 75%, and the low heat value of butt mud is 4155Kcal/Kg, and for the municipal sludge of China, its organic content is approximately 50 to 65%, and calorific value is 2400 to 3600Kcal/KG.
The inventor is also noted that, coal water slurry gasification is that coal water slurry is mixed through burner with high pressure oxygen after the high-pressure coal pulp pump pressurization, coal slurry sprays into the vapourizing furnace combustion chamber after fully being atomized by the high speed oxygen air-flow in burner, in the combustion chamber, carry out complicated gasification reaction, generate coal gas (being called synthetic gas) and slag.
The present invention discloses a kind of method with mud system coal gas, and this method may further comprise the steps: 1) make sludge coal slurry with mud, coal, 2) sludge coal slurry is sent in the vapourizing furnace, sludge coal slurry and vaporized chemical are reacted, and generate coal gas.For example under the temperature that is higher than the sludge coal slurry fusing point, make it and vaporized chemical generation combustion reactions and gasification reaction, and generate coal gas.Its technical process can be sludge water-coal-slurry preparation → burning → cooling → coal gas.By with mud one of main raw material, can effectively handle (make mud pass through the pyroprocessing of burning and gasification temperature, killed bacterium etc.) to mud on the one hand as system coal gas; Can realize resource utilization on the other hand to mud.
Sludge coal slurry is made and is mainly contained following several method:
1. coal dust, mud are mixed with sludge coal slurry by a certain percentage, mix in process for preparation to make the sludge coal slurry of uniform ingredients, the equipment of preparation sludge coal slurry can be pulping tank.
2. the additive with coal dust, mud and certain composition is mixed with sludge coal slurry by a certain percentage, mixes in process for preparation to make the sludge coal slurry of uniform ingredients, and the equipment of preparation sludge coal slurry can be pulping tank.
3. coal dust, mud, an amount of water and the additive of certain composition directly are mixed with sludge coal slurry by a certain percentage, mix in process for preparation to make the sludge coal slurry of uniform ingredients, the equipment of preparation sludge coal slurry can be pulping tank.
4. directly coal and mud mixed grinding are become to mix coal slurry, grinding can be with refining equipments such as ball mills.
5. grind to form the mixing coal slurry after earlier coal being added mud, dispersion agent, and then add the stablizer of certain composition and amount of water and stir and make sludge water-coal-slurry.
6. earlier with coal dust absorption, sedimentation, filtration treatment sewage, allocate an amount of coal dust or mud again into after generating the coal filter mud, and the additive that adds certain composition is made sludge coal slurry.
7. earlier with coal dust and calcium lime powder absorption, sedimentation, filtration treatment sewage, allocate an amount of coal dust or mud again into after generating the coal filter mud, and the additive that adds certain composition is made sludge coal slurry.Can comprise in dispersion agent and the stablizer one or both in the above-mentioned additive.
The sludge coal slurry for preparing sprays in the vapourizing furnace through high pressure pumping and high pressure oxygen mixed aerosol, and the generation coal gas (being also referred to as synthetic gas) that reacts in vapourizing furnace.Then, this coal gas and slag are cooled off, further one or two operation that can also pass through again in dedusting, two operations of deodorization obtains coal gas.
Preferably, a kind of method with mud system coal gas of the present invention is after main raw material is made sludge coal slurry with mud and coal, sends into vapourizing furnace and makes coal gas.
Preferably, a kind of method with mud system coal gas of the present invention is after main raw material is made sludge coal slurry with wet mud and coal, sends into vapourizing furnace and makes coal gas.
The present invention also provides another kind of method with mud system coal gas, in the method, mud is directly sent into also other fuel one generation coal gas that reacts of vapourizing furnace neutralization, and described other fuel can be organic matter fuels such as coal, oil, plant straw.Effective processing and resource utilization have been realized equally to mud.
The present invention also provides another method with mud system coal gas, in the method, burns, reacts generation coal gas with sending in the vapourizing furnace separately after sludge drying or the shallow mummification separately.This has realized can also saving energy consumption to effective processing of mud and resource utilization equally.Need not again dewatered sludge and other fuel.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.Via above technical scheme as can be known, for reaching aforesaid goal of the invention by technique scheme, the present invention has following advantage at least: 1. the present invention utilizes the organism in the mud to prepare coal gas, has realized the recycling of mud, has favorable economic benefit; 2. realize dissolving fully of mud, can not produce secondary pollution; 3. utilize the water of the moisture replacement preparation coal water slurry of mud, saved water resources.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the sludge coal slurry gasification of system coal gas method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Primary innovative point of the present invention is to prepare coal gas with mud as one of main raw material or main raw material.And can following three kinds of concrete modes prepare coal gas usually: 1) prepare coal gas with sludge coal slurry with mud; 2) mud is directly sent into vapourizing furnace other fuel that neutralize and burnt, react the method that generates coal gas together; And 3) burn, react generation coal gas with directly sending in the vapourizing furnace behind the sludge drying separately.
Method according to the system coal gas of first embodiment of the invention may further comprise the steps: 1) make sludge coal slurry with mud and coal; And 2) described sludge coal slurry is sent in the vapourizing furnace, made sludge coal slurry and vaporized chemical generation combustion reactions and gasification reaction, and generate coal gas.
Obviously, above-mentioned method with mud system coal gas when handling mud, has been carried out recycling to mud.The product (coal gas) of aforesaid method acquisition can be delivered to the user easily by pipeline in addition.And, adopt mud can also save a part of water.The slag that produces is good material of construction, as making cement, clinker brick, road stone, has avoided enterprise to take over the land for use for stacking slag everywhere, has not only spent but also contaminate environment, so that become local a kind of public hazards.Contain pulp water after energy recovery, rough purification, the overwhelming majority can be recycled.The waste water of a small amount of discharging does not have volatile organic matter, and the concentration of trace metal is also very low, can reach discharging standards through biochemical treatment, and the waste water that general gasification process produces is handled easily.
Sludge coal slurry is made and can be adopted following three kinds of methods: 1. use coal dust and calcium lime powder absorption, sedimentation, filtration treatment municipal effluent, allocate coal dust again into after generating the coal filter mud, and add dispersion agent, stablizer is made sludge coal slurry; 2. earlier beans being added mud, dispersion agent ball milling in ball mill, to become granularity be the mixing coal slurry of 50～150 μ m, and then add stablizer and amount of water (if necessary) and stir and make sludge coal slurry; 3. coal dust, mud, dispersion agent and stablizer are directly made sludge coal slurry by a certain percentage in pulping tank.Can also adopt other proper method.
Below the detailed description mode 3..Coal, mud, suitable additive (for example dispersion agent and/or stablizer) are added in the grinding machine, after grinding, become a kind of similar oil the same can the mobile coal based fluid fuel.More specifically, the coal grain that clean fine coal is broken into for＜6mm enters ball mill, and adds mud and dispersion agent and together grind in ball mill and become slurry.Remove not through being pumped to colour strainer that ground coarse particles and impurity enter the jar of sizing mixing, after adding stablizer and adjusting viscosity of coal-water slurry, send into slurry can and store for future use, also can directly be sent to the system gas fittings.Water ratio in the sludge coal slurry can be arranged on 30%-50%, 35%-45% preferably, more preferably 40%.
The mud that is adopted can be wet mud (water content is greatly about about 95%), the mud of handling through mechanical dehydration (water ratio is about 75% to about 85%) or through the mud of mummification.Determine the proportioning of mud and coal according to the water ratio of setting, in needs, can also add an amount of water.The water that is added can all or part ofly be the water that reclaims after the gasification.
Coal for gasification does not have particular requirement, and coal adaptability is strong, can adopt aboundresources, widely distributed bituminous coal or brown coal, and granularity, ash content and sulphur content are had bigger compatibility.As long as ash content, ash fusion point, grindability index and the sludge forming performance etc. of coal meet the demands, preferably less than 19%, ash fusion point is lower than 1350 ℃ as the ash content of coal, and Ha Shi can grind index greater than 50, sludge coal slurry concentration be preferably in about 60% or more than.Fine coal and lump coal are not particularly limited, and fine coal is better, can reduce the coal-grinding power consumption.
The sludge coal slurry for preparing sprays in the vapourizing furnace through high pressure pumping and high pressure oxygen mixed aerosol, and the generation coal gas (being also referred to as synthetic gas) that reacts in vapourizing furnace.Then, this coal gas and slag are cooled off, further can also obtain coal gas through one or two operation in dedusting and two operations of deodorization again.
In one embodiment, sludge coal slurry is mixed through burner with high pressure oxygen after the high-pressure coal pulp pump pressurization, coal slurry sprays into combustion gasification apparatus after fully being atomized by the high speed oxygen air-flow in burner, carries out complicated gasification reaction in combustion gasification apparatus, generates coal gas (being called synthetic gas) and slag.For example, as shown in Figure 1, sludge coal slurry mixes with the carbonaceous solid particulates of handling through settling vessel 7 in mixing tank 7a, sprays in the combustion chamber 3 of combustion gasification apparatus 1 at mixing nozzle 6 and 6a place and air mixed then.In combustion chamber 3, above-mentioned raw materials (sludge coal slurry, carbonaceous solid particulates and air) reacts and generation water vapour, slag, charcoal, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbonic acid gas and a spot of other gas.Slag is discharged by discharge orifice 2.Water vapour, charcoal and other gas upwards flow into non-combustion reactions chamber 4, with the sludge coal slurry reaction that is adding by nozzle 8.Described reaction mainly is thermo-negative reaction, and for example vaporization of water in the sludge coal slurry, charcoal and water vapour reaction generate CO and H
2Or the like.Then, the gas of generation enters separator 5, and gas partly upwards flows, and forms synthetic gas (being coal gas), and solid part moves downward to settling vessel.
A kind of method with mud system coal gas of the present invention is that mud and coal are made sludge coal slurry earlier, send in the vapourizing furnace then, and at high temperature with vaporized chemical generation combustion reactions and gasification reaction, and generate coal gas.Its technical process is: sludge coal slurry preparation → burning → cooling → dedusting deodorization.
A kind of method with mud system coal gas of the present invention is after main raw material is made sludge coal slurry with mud and coal, sends into vapourizing furnace and makes coal gas.
Another kind of the present invention is with the method for mud system coal gas, mud directly sent into the vapourizing furnace neutralization and other fuel burn, reacts generation coal gas together, and described other fuel can be organic matter fuels such as coal, oil, plant straw.
Generation coal gas is burnt, reacted to another method with mud system coal gas of the present invention with sending in the vapourizing furnace separately behind the sludge drying separately.
The present invention compared with prior art has tangible advantage and beneficial effect.Via above technical scheme as can be known, for reaching aforesaid goal of the invention by technique scheme, the present invention has following advantage at least: the present invention utilizes the organism in the mud to prepare coal gas, has realized the recycling of mud, has favorable economic benefit; Realize dissolving fully of mud, can not produce secondary pollution; Owing to contain a large amount of jellies and fiber in the mud, utilize mud to prepare sludge coal slurry, can improve the stability of coal slurry, reduced the energy dissipation that the heat absorption because of moisture causes.
In sum, a kind of method of the present invention with mud system coal gas, it has above-mentioned many advantages and practical value, and in class methods, do not see have similar design to publish or use and really genus innovation, no matter it is all having bigger innovation on method or on the function, have large improvement technically, and more existing sludge drying method has the multinomial effect of enhancement, thereby be suitable for practicality more, and have the extensive utility value of industry, really be a new and innovative, progressive, practical new invention.
The above, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, in not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, in every case be the content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification that above embodiment did, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method with mud system coal gas is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) make sludge coal slurry with mud, coal,
2) sludge coal slurry is sent in the vapourizing furnace, sludge coal slurry and vaporized chemical are reacted, and generate coal gas.
2. the method with mud system coal gas as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step 1) further comprises the additive of adding.
3. the method with mud system coal gas as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described additive comprises one or both in dispersion agent and the stablizer.
4. it is characterized in that with mud system coal gas method as in the claim 1 to 3 each is described that mud in the described step 1) is wet mud.
5. the method with mud system coal gas is characterized in that, mud is directly sent into vapourizing furnace neutralization and other fuel one generation coal gas that reacts.
6. the method with mud system coal gas as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described other fuel are one or more fuel in coal, oil, the plant straw.
7. as each described method in the claim 5 to 6, it is characterized in that, be used for described mud and be wet mud with mud system coal gas.
8. the method with mud system coal gas is characterized in that, the mud of mummification or shallow mummification is sent into reacted generation coal gas in the vapourizing furnace.
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| CN104250060A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Biochemical sludge processing method |
| CN105694976A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-06-22 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Wet sludge gasification treatment method capable of energy self-sustaining |
| CN106190375A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 中国石化长城能源化工（宁夏）有限公司 | A kind of industry Ramsbottom carbon powder and biochemical sludge are mixed with water-coal-slurry method |
| CN108503187A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method that oily sludge goes water-coal-slurry harmless treatment |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |