CN102185243B - Mode-locked all-fiber laser with all-normal-dispersion cavity - Google Patents
Mode-locked all-fiber laser with all-normal-dispersion cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN102185243B CN102185243B CN 201110088751 CN201110088751A CN102185243B CN 102185243 B CN102185243 B CN 102185243B CN 201110088751 CN201110088751 CN 201110088751 CN 201110088751 A CN201110088751 A CN 201110088751A CN 102185243 B CN102185243 B CN 102185243B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mode-locked all-fiber laser with an all-normal-dispersion cavity. A fiber laser structure is formed by rare earth-doped fibers, a polarization beam splitter, a band-pass long-period fiber grating filter, a semiconductor saturable absorber and the like, wherein the rare earth-doped fibers serve as laser gain mediums; the polarization beam splitter is used for splitting light; the band-pass long-period fiber grating filter is used for mode-locked laser center wavelength selection and mode-locked laser spectrum filtration optical pulse compression; and the semiconductor saturable absorber serves as a mode locking element. The fiber laser structure has high repetition rate, high power, simple structure and high efficiency. The mode-locked all-fiber laser works in an all-normal-dispersion area, and is an environmentally-stable all-fiber mode-locked ultrashort pulse laser with a novel structure. The mode-locked all-fiber laser can output polarized laser with picosecond and femtosecond light impulse length and the wavelength of more than 1 mu m, and after being amplified by a high-power fiber amplifier, the laser can be used for pumping-detection ultrafast optical physical experiments or environmental monitoring and microwave photonic and biophysical detection, dual-wavelength pumping-detection ultrafast optical physical experiments, sum frequency optical radiation generation, coherent anti-stokes raman scattering microprocessing and micromachining, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber laser, be particularly related to a kind of passive mode locking full-optical-fiber laser with high pulse repetition rate ultrashort laser pulse output, being applicable to produce stable ultrashort laser pulse output is used for biomedical applications such as the multi-photon imaging is micro-etc. and adopts direct beat method to produce the scientific experiments such as pumping-detection that the radiation of ultrashort pulse mid-infrared laser is used for molecular system, environmental monitoring and Microwave photonics and biophysics detection etc. belong to the optical information technical field.
Background technology
The now scientific experiments such as pumping-detection of molecular system, environmental monitoring and Microwave photonics and biophysics detection etc. needs the mid-infrared light source of high-average power ultrashort pulse.The in recent years development of solid laser medium such as tunable ti sapphire laser technology and harmonic wave frequency transform techniques and optical parametric oscillation and amplifying technique, high-repetition-rate ultrashort light pulse are infrared all accomplished covering from the extreme ultraviolet of 200nm to 4 μ m.And the available wavelength of THz system surpasses 20 μ m.
In recent years, the develop rapidly of high-power fiber ultrashort light pulse laser technology provides new opportunity and possibility (H.M.Pask for the dual wavelength mixing generation high power high-repetition-rate intermediate infrared radiation light source that develops based on Fiber laser technology, R.J.Carman, D.C.Hanna, A.C.Tropper, C.J.Mackechnie, P.R.Barber, and J.M.Dawes, IEEE J.Sel.Top.QuantumElectron.1,2 (1995) .) (F.Roser, J.Rothhard, B.Ortac, A.Liem, O.Schmidt, T.Schreiber, J.Limpert, and A.Tunnermann, Opt.Lett.30,2754 (2005) .).Fiber laser is because its unique waveguiding structure has simply, high efficiency, firm, light weight, integrated, high reliability, high stability.And have recently a Nd that mixes of broad band laser vibration
3+, Pr
3+, Yb
3+, Er
3+And Tm
3+The progress of fiber laser and amplifier provides and has produced wavelength greater than the possibility of the double-wavelength short pulse laser of 1 μ m.And mix Nd
3+, Yb
3+, Er
3+And Tm
3+Optical fiber (Tm
3+＞200nm, Er
3+＞80nm) particularly mix Tm
3+Optical fiber its therefore to have very wide gain bandwidth also be to produce the potential effective medium (H.M.Pask of dual wavelength femto-second laser pulse vibration, R.J.Carman, D.C.Hanna, A.C.Tropper, C.J.Mackechnie, P.R.Barber, and J.M.Dawes, IEEE J.Sel.Top.Quantum Electron.1,2 (1995) .).
Utilize semiconductor saturable absorber to realize that as the locked mode element it is a research field of being paid much attention to (A.Isoma ki et al, Optics Express, Vol14 that passive mode locking produces ultrashort laser pulse always in fiber laser, No.20,9238,2006) (A.Chong et al, Opt.Lett., Vol.33, No.22,2638,2008), and existing a large amount of result of study delivers, and some commercial products are also arranged.But existing commercialization mode locked fiber laser is only exported single wavelength laser, there is no commercialization dual wavelength mode locked fiber laser.
Nearest about being operated in the Y that mixes in Totally positive dispersion district
b 3+Optical-fiber laser bibliographical information (FrankW.Wise et al, High energy femtosecond fiber lasers based on pulsepropagation at normal dispersion, Laser ﹠amp; Photonics.Rev.2, No.1-2,58-73,2008) so that output macro-energy, Stability Analysis of Structures, practical ultrashort pulse fiber laser technology have striden forward again major step.Although because the Totally positive dispersion cavity is so that this mode locked fiber laser is exported the picosecond laser pulse with positive in a large number linear Zhou pond, but can obtain the macro-energy femto-second laser pulse of transform limit after adopting the chamber Laser with External Dispersive to compress, certainly since this laser adopt spectral filtering light pulse compression mechanism so that the spectral bandwidth of laser output be subject to certain restrictions. but because this laser structure is simplified and can be realized full fiberize and export the light pulse of picosecond macro-energy locked mode, therefore be subject to the attention of academia.
In Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser, spectral filtering is in the formation of mode-locked laser pulse with on more existing bibliographical informations (the B.G.Bale et al of the impact of mode locked fiber laser stability, Spectral filtering for mode locking in the normal dispersive regime, OptLett., Vol.33, No, 9,2008,941; A.Chong et al, Properties of normal dispersionfemtosecond fiber lasers, J.O.S.A (B), Vol.25, No.2,2008,140). spectral filtering plays in Totally positive dispersion modelocked fiber laser cavity the optical pulse generation pinch effect from phase-modulation pulse stretching, simultaneously in the chamber from amplitude modulation(PAM) generation effect, the stability of mode-locked laser is played a part very crucial, the spectral filtering that can think fit is that the Totally positive dispersion mode locked fiber laser is from the key technology of starting of oscillation and stable mode-locking work.Existing open source literature report such as the Y that mixes in annular chamber nonlinear polarization rotation mechanism of 2006 and U.S. Cornell university in 2007
b 3+The spectral filtering sheet that the birefringence quartz plate of the interferometric filter of employing 4 to 12nm bandwidth or different-thickness consists of in the optical-fiber laser has been realized stable locked mode concussion (A.Chong et al, All Normal dispersion femtosecond fiber laser, OpticsExpress, Vol.14, No.21,2006,10095; A.Chong et al., All Normal dispersionfemtosecond fiber laser with pulses energy above 20nJ, Optics letters, Vol.32, No.16,2007,2408; K.Kieu et al.; Sub-100fs pulses at watt-level powersfrom a dissipative-soliton fiber laser; Opt Lett.; Vol.34; No.5; 2009,539), 2007-2008 US Naval Research Laboratory and the German Han Luowei Han Luowei of university laser also adopt similar locked mode mechanism the Totally positive dispersion annular chamber mix Y
b 3+Optical-fiber laser has realized that (wherein the naval laboratory is adopted and placed interferometric filter in the Totally positive dispersion annular chamber in the locked mode vibration, and German laser Han Luowei has adopted respectively the optical fibre wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) of particular design to realize principle (the Janet W.Lou et al. that semiconductor saturable absorber starts in pulse compression and the chamber as spectral filter in the chamber, Experimental measurements ofsoliton pulse characteristics from an all normal dispersion Yb-doped fiberlaser, Optics Express, Vol.15, No.8,2007,4960; O.Prochnow et al., All fibersimilariton laser at 1 μ m without dispersion compensation, Optics Express, Vol.15, No.11,2007,6889; Michael Schultz et al, All fiber Ytterbiumfemtosecond laser without dispersion compensation, Optics Express, Vol.16, No.24,2008,19562)).Totally positive dispersion to ambient stable adopts all risk insurance partially to mix Y
b 3+The mode-locked laser of optical fiber, U.S. Cornell university utilized the online property of semiconductor saturable absorber locked mode mechanism chamber guarantor partially to mix Y in 2008
b 3+Adopt the spectral filtering sheet of the birefringence quartz plate formation of 12nm to realize stable locked mode vibration (A.Chong et al. in the optical-fiber laser, Environment stable all normal-dispersionfemtosecond fiber laser, Optics letters, Vol.33, No.10,2008,1071).Laser engineering research institute of Osaka, Japan university adopted full polarization fibre annular-type cavity Yb-doped fiber laser to realize tuning mode-locked laser output (K.Sumimura et al without the compensation of chamber internal dispersion in 2006, Environmentally-stablemode-locked Yb fiber laser composed of all polarization maintaining fiberwith a broad tuning range, OSA/CLEO 2006, CThJ4.pdf).Partially mix Y and adopt in recent years to protect
b 3+The mode-locked laser of optical fiber as Germany and Denmark etc., also adopt the chamber internal dispersion compensate as diffraction grating to or photonic crystal fiber, or adopt reflective Zhou pond fiber grating (CFBG) as output coupler and dispersion compensator (T.Schreiber et al, Microj oule levelall-polarization-maintaining femtosecond fiber source, Optics letters, Vol.31, No.5,2006,574; C.K.Nielsen et al., Self-starting self-similar allpolarization maintaining Yb-doped fiber laser, Optics Express, Vol.13, No.23,2005,9346; B.Ortac et al, Experimental and numerical study ofpulses dynamics in positive net cavity dispersion mode-locked Yb-dopedfiber lasers, Optics Express, Vol.15, No.23,2007,15595; Dmitry et al., Monolithic all PM femtosecond Yb-fiber laser stabilized with a narrow-bandfiber Bragg grating and pulses-compressed in a hollow core photonic crystalfiber, Optics Express, Vol.16, No.18,2008,14004).But in the locked mode Yb-doped fiber laser of the Totally positive dispersion district of above-mentioned present report work, adopted the Zhou pond Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (CFBG) of the interferometric filter of non-fiberize or reflection-type as chamber face speculum or outgoing mirror in the chamber, these elements or affect the full fiberize of cavity, or affect the design of laser cavity.
Recent years long period band flow-through fiber grating (Long Period Grating, LPG) filter progress of research (Radan Slav í k et al., Long-Period Fiber-Grating-Based Filter forGeneration of Picosecond and Subpicosecond Transform-Limited Flat-TopPulses, IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, VOL.20, NO.10,2008,806; D.Nodop et.al., Long period gratings written in Large modephotonic crystal fiber, Ap pl.Physics.B, 92,2008,509-512) so that adopt long period band flow-through fiber grating filter as mode-locked laser pulse compression and optical maser wavelength filter tuning element, be operated in the Totally positive dispersion cavity full optical fiber mode locked laser be designed to possibility, there is no at present open source literature but understand according to the author.
Publication number is that its two spectral reflectance peaks that adopted two different polarization states of polarization-maintaining fiber grating to have of Chinese invention patent " common polarization maintaining optical fibre grating tunable dual wavelength fibre laser " of CN101202408A are realized the output of dual wavelength linear polarization tuning laser by the reflection peak position that changes pressure or temperature change polarization-maintaining fiber grating.Its shortcoming is: these two of l. are because the spectrum interval of the different reflection peaks (different polarization states is arranged respectively) that the intrinsic large birefringence of polarization maintaining optical fibre causes is smaller and scope that regulate is very little; 2. owing to adopting the narrow bandwidth polarization-maintaining fiber grating as the laser cavity reflecting surface, be difficult to realize that passive mode locking produces ultrashort laser pulse; 3. this cavity body structure is fit to the tuning dual wavelength fibre laser of narrow linewidth.Publication number is the Chinese invention patent " a kind of optical fiber laser with multi-wavelength output " of CN1194453C, adopts AWG (array waveguide grating) to realize multiwavelength laser output as optical filter in the chamber.
Publication number is in the Chinese invention patent " polarization dual wavelength fiber-optical ultrashort pulse laser " of CN101510663A, proposes to utilize the mode of polarization spectro to utilize two optical axis directions (fast axle and slow axis) of polarization maintaining optical fibre as the polarization direction of the laser of two wavelength.But this technology is operated in zero dispersion owing to two wavelength mode-locked lasers of fiber laser or approaches in zero dispersion area, adopted in the laser cavity two parallel diffraction grating to or reflective Zhou pond fiber grating (CFBG) as the dispersion compensation device of two wavelength in the chamber, with the dual wavelength mode-locked laser pulse of output femtosecond pulsewidth.
Through literature search, there is following technology to relate to mode locked fiber laser, such as Jian Liu, UltrshortStable Mode-locked Fiber Laser At One Micron By Using PolarizationMaintaining (PM) Fiber and Photonic Bandgap Fiber (PBF), US Patent, US2008/0151945 A1, Hong Lin, Wavelength Tunable, Polarization StableMode-locked Fiber Laser, World International Property Organization, PCT/US00/19170,2001 and O.Okhotnikov et al, A Mode-Locked Fiber Laser, World International Property Organization, PCT/FI2006/050184,2006 etc.Above-mentioned technology has adopted and has been operated in the dispersion region concept, have in the chamber solid diffraction grating to or the photon band-gap optical fiber grating carry out dispersion compensation etc., thereby this full fiberize that has also affected laser cavity has affected the long-time stability of mode locked fiber laser, perhaps very expensive its scope of application that affects of the cost of laser.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that exists in order to overcome prior art the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Totally positive dispersion district that is operated in, and the non-dispersive compensating element, is realized full fiberize, practical, the mode-locked all-fiber laser of output intensity laser pulse.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser, it is the full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse linear laser cavity that is operated in the Totally positive dispersion district, and described linear laser cavity comprises semiconductor saturable absorber, optical-fiber laser gain media, band flow-through long period fiber grating, output coupler and the second laser cavity end face of holding concurrently the first laser cavity end face locked mode using; Described band flow-through long period fiber grating, it is the band flow-through long period fiber grating of one section centre wavelength, 1.0～1.1 μ m, bandwidth 4～12nm, or centre wavelength is that 1.0～1.1 μ m, bandwidth are two sections of 4～12nm band flow-through long period fiber grating, and each section is different with the centre wavelength of flow-through long period fiber grating; Described optical-fiber laser gain media is mixed the rare earth gain fibre partially for protecting.
The fine linear laser cavity of this Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all has following three kinds of concrete structures:
The structure of the first linear laser cavity is:
Semiconductor saturable absorber is bonded on the fiber end face of wavelength division multiplexer and produces the locked mode light pulse;
A pumping source provides pump light for wavelength division multiplexer, as input pumping light;
Wavelength division multiplexer with protect inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber and be connected the pumping laser that is used for pumping source and be input to the inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber of guarantor and produce laser gain;
End with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating is connected with the other end of protecting inclined to one side gain fibre;
One end of a fiber coupler that only has single polarization axle concussion output is connected with the other end with the flow-through long period fiber grating;
A total reflection chamber mirror is connected with the other end of output coupler.
The structure of the second linear laser cavity is:
The coupling mirror of a partial reflectance is connected with the signal input optical fibre of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer;
The pumping laser of 976nm coupling fiber is connected with the pumping laser input optical fibre of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer pumping laser is input in the laser chamber;
Protect an inclined to one side end of mixing the Yb3+ gain fibre for one section and be connected with the other end of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer, this link is the common terminal of signal laser and pumping laser input;
Protect the inclined to one side Y that mixes
b 3+The other end of gain fibre closes bundle one word end polarization maintaining optical fibre with polarization beam apparatus and is connected, and polarization beam apparatus separates the laser of two polarization direction different wave lengths;
One end of the attenuator of two polarization maintaining optical fibre couplings is connected with two polarization direction coupled fibers of polarization beam apparatus respectively, and two attenuators are regulated respectively the net gain balance of two wavelength lasers in the laser cavity;
The other end of the attenuator of polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling is that 4 to 12nm the end with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating connects from two different centre wavelengths, bandwidth respectively, is that selection and two wavelength mode-locked laser spectral filtering light pulses of dual-wavelength laser centre wavelength are compressed with the function of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating;
Two semiconductor saturable absorber respectively with two other end optical fiber with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating by coupling optical system or directly be connected by optical cement, semiconductor saturable absorber is served as the cavity reflecting element of locked mode element and laser.
The structure of the third linear laser cavity is:
The coupling mirror of a partial reflectance closes bundle one word end polarization maintaining optical fibre with polarization beam apparatus and is connected;
The signal input optical fibre of two polarization maintaining optical fibre 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexers is connected with two polarization direction coupled fibers of polarization beam apparatus respectively;
The 976nm pumping laser of two coupling fibers is connected with two pumping laser input optical fibres of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer respectively, and pumping laser is input in the laser chamber;
The guarantor of two sections different lengths mixes Y partially
b 3+One end of gain fibre is connected with two other ends of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer respectively, and this end is signal laser and the public end of pumping laser, protects and partially mixes Y
b 3+Gain fibre produces laser gain under the pumping laser effect;
The guarantor of two sections different lengths mixes Y partially
b 3+The other end of gain fibre is 4 to 12nm connect with an end of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating from two different centre wavelengths, bandwidth respectively, is the selection of dual-wavelength laser centre wavelength and the spectral filtering light pulse compression of two wavelength mode-locked lasers with the effect of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating;
Two semiconductor saturable absorber respectively from two sections different centre wavelengths with the other end optical fiber of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating by coupling optical system or directly connect by optical cement, semiconductor saturable absorber is served as locked mode element and a laser cavity reflecting element.
A kind of Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser, it is the ring-like cavity laser of ultrashort pulse non PM fiber that is operated in the Totally positive dispersion district, described ring-like cavity laser comprise a coupling fiber isolator, optical fiber polarization controller, mix Y with the 976nm of coupling fiber output or 915nm pump laser, 976/1060nm or 915/1064nm wavelength division multiplexer, common single mode
b 3+The polarization beam apparatus of optical-fiber laser gain media, a section single-mould fiber, a single mode band flow-through long period fiber grating and a coupling fiber; Described single mode band flow-through long period fiber grating, its centre wavelength are that 1.0～1.1 μ m, bandwidth are 4～12nm; The structure of this laser is:
An optical fiber polarization controller is connected with the isolator of coupling fiber, and isolator guarantees the unidirectional formation laser generation of optic fiber ring-shaped cavity, optical fiber polarization controller regulation and control endovenous laser polarization;
The signal input part of 980/1060 wavelength division multiplexer is connected with optical fiber polarization controller;
The pumping laser of coupling fiber is connected with the pumping laser input of 980/1060 wavelength division multiplexer in the pumping laser coupled into optical fibres loop laser chamber;
One end of single mode doped fiber gain media mixes end with the signal laser of 980/1060 wavelength division multiplexer/pumping laser and is connected, and gain media produces the signal laser gain under pumping laser;
One end of one section general single mode fiber is connected with the other end of doped fiber gain media;
One end of single mode band flow-through long period fiber grating is connected with the other end of one section general single mode fiber;
One end of another optical fiber polarization controller is connected with the other end with the flow-through long period fiber grating, optical fiber polarization controller regulation and control endovenous laser polarization;
The input optical fibre end of the polarization beam apparatus of a coupling fiber is connected with the other end of optical fiber polarization controller;
An output optical fiber of the input of the isolator of coupling fiber and coupling fiber polarization beam apparatus connects and composes a unidirectional loop fiber laser cavity, and another output optical fiber of coupling fiber polarization beam apparatus is as the output port of locked mode annular cavity laser.
A kind of Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser, it is the ultrashort pulse full polarization fiber ring-type cavity laser that is operated in the Totally positive dispersion district, and described ring-like cavity laser comprises that a fiber end face is pasted with the polarization maintaining optical fibre loop device of semiconductor saturable absorber, polarization fiber isolator, polarization maintaining optical fibre gain medium, band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter and output coupler; Described band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter, its centre wavelength are that 1.0～1.1 μ m, bandwidth are 4～12nm; Described optical-fiber laser gain media adopts one section guarantor partially to mix the rare earth gain fibre as gain media; The structure of this laser is:
A pumping source provides pump light for wavelength division multiplexer, as input pumping light;
A wavelength division multiplexer is connected the inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber of pumping laser input guarantor that is used for pumping source and produces laser gain with the inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber of guarantor;
End with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating is connected with the other end of protecting inclined to one side gain fibre, function with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating is selection and the pulse compression of locked mode spectrum of mode-locked laser pulse centre wavelength, realizes the steady operation of mode-locked laser;
One end of a fiber coupler that only has single polarization axle concussion output is connected with the other end with the flow-through long period fiber grating, and mode-locked laser pulse is exported from fiber coupler;
The first end optical fiber of a polarization maintaining optical fibre loop device is connected with the other end of fiber coupler;
The second end optical fiber of a polarization maintaining optical fibre loop device and a semiconductor saturable absorber are by optical lens or directly be connected with optical cement, and semiconductor saturable absorber produces mode-locking effect to the nonlinear interaction of laser and forms ultrashort laser pulse in annular cavity laser;
The 3rd end optical fiber of a polarization maintaining optical fibre loop device is connected with the isolator of a polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling, and isolator is so that the unidirectional generation laser concussion of doped fiber ring laser;
The output optical fiber of isolator is connected with the other end optical fiber of wavelength division multiplexer, consists of loop laser complete, unidirectional concussion a chamber.
It is that common single mode or single mode are protected inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber that guarantor described in the technical solution of the present invention mixes the rare earth gain fibre partially, or adopts the big core diameter single-mode polarization maintaining optical fibre of mixing rare earth of two multiple layer pumping, or mixes guarantor's core diameter single-mode photonic crystal fiber bigger than normal of rare earth; The described rare earth of mixing is for mixing Nd
3+, Yb
3+
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the obvious advantage of several respects:
1. in the annular chamber mode locked fiber laser, adopt single mode band flow-through long period fiber grating, whole laser works is in the Totally positive dispersion district, in the chamber without free-space chromatic-dispersion compensating device or photonic crystal dispersion compensating fiber, realized full optical fiber integration structure, this means that laser cavity is more stable, more practical, and exportable larger pulsed laser energy.
2. adopt band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating in the linear cavity locked mode polarization-maintaining fiber laser, whole laser works is in the Totally positive dispersion district, laser design is more simplified, realized full optical fiber integration, this means that also laser cavity is more stable, more practical, real ambient stable, and exportable larger pulsed laser energy.
3. in linear cavity locked mode dual wavelength fibre laser, adopt band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating, whole two optical maser wavelength mode-locked lasers are operated in the Totally positive dispersion district, laser design is more simplified, realized full optical fiber integration, this means that also laser cavity is more stable, more practical, real ambient stable, and exportable larger dual-wavelength laser pulse energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the structure of the Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser that provides of embodiment 1 forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the structure of the Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser that provides of embodiment 2 forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the structure of the Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser that provides of embodiment 3 forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the structure of the Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser that provides of embodiment 4 forms schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the structure of the Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser that provides of embodiment 5 forms schematic diagram.
Among the figure: the semiconductor saturable absorber element that 0 (01,02), locked mode are used; 1 (101,102), band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating; 10, common single mode band flow-through long period fiber grating; 2, polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling polarization beam apparatus; 3 (301,302), guarantor mix Y partially
b 3+Gain fibre; 30, common single mode is mixed Y
b 3+Gain fibre; 4 (401,402), polarization maintaining optical fibre 976/1064 wavelength division multiplexer; 40, monomode fiber 976/1064 wavelength division multiplexer; 5 (51,52), 976nm pumping laser (source); 6, part reflects outgoing mirror; 8 (15), monomode fiber Polarization Controller; 9, the polarization beam apparatus of coupling fiber; 12, completely reflecting mirror; 13, necessarily export ratio list polarization polarization maintaining optical fibre output coupler; 14, Single-Mode Fiber Coupling isolator; 17, polarization maintaining optical fibre loop device; 18, polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling isolator.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides a kind of locked mode all risk insurance that is operated in Totally positive dispersion district, ambient stable partially to mix Yb
3+The structure of optical fiber linear laser cavity, adopt one section guarantor partially to mix the rare earth gain fibre as gain media, that has used suitable centre wavelength and bandwidth in its chamber protects inclined to one side long period optical fiber grating filter as the element of the selection of mode-locked laser centre wavelength and spectral filtering pulse compression with flow-through, realizes full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse laser stable mode-locking vibration.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, it is the schematic diagram that the present embodiment adopts the cavity body structure of linear cavity locked mode full polarization fibre laser; That has utilized suitable centre wavelength and bandwidth in the chamber protects inclined to one side long period optical fiber grating filter as the element of mode-locked laser center wavelength tuning and spectral filtering pulse compression with flow-through.Pumping laser is coupled into by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) and protects inclined to one side rare earth doped optical fibre generation gain, adopted in the laser chamber suitable centre wavelength and bandwidth with the element of flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter as selection and the spectral filtering pulse compression of laser centre wavelength, polarization maintaining optical fibre output coupler output mode-locked laser power also guarantees to only have an optical axis direction laser generation, completely reflecting mirror is as the first cavity end face of laser cavity, one by optical system coupled or directly be bonded at semiconductor saturable absorber on the fiber end face as the second reflection cavity face and the locked mode components and parts of laser, and semiconductor saturable absorber is to nonlinear interaction and the gain fibre of laser, suitably (4～12nm) band flow-through is protected inclined to one side long period fiber grating spectral filtering light pulse compression for centre wavelength (1.0～1.1 μ m) and bandwidth, produce stable locked mode ultra-short pulse laser at whole positive dispersion laser cavity.Can be seen by Fig. 1, its concrete annexation is: pumping laser 5 is coupled into by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 4 and protects inclined to one side rare earth doped optical fibre 3 generation gains; Adopted in the laser chamber centre wavelength be 1.1 μ m, bandwidth be 6nm with the element of flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 1 as the selection of laser centre wavelength and spectral filtering light pulse compression; Polarization maintaining optical fibre output coupler 13 is connected with the suitable band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 1 of bandwidth, and polarization maintaining optical fibre output coupler 13 output mode-locked laser power also guarantee to only have the laser generation of slow-axis direction; Completely reflecting mirror 12 is as the first reflection end face of laser cavity; One by optical system coupled or directly be bonded at semiconductor saturable absorber 0 on the fiber end face as the second reflection cavity face and the locked mode components and parts of fiber laser, the nonlinear interaction of 0 pair of laser of semiconductor saturable absorber and gain fibre 3, suitable the protecting inclined to one side long period optical fiber grating filter light pulse compression 1 with flow-through and produce stable locked mode ultra-short pulse laser in whole positive dispersion laser cavity of bandwidth are by 13 outputs of polarization maintaining optical fibre output coupler.Whole optical fibre devices are stablized the locked mode work of ambient stable ground for protecting inclined to one side device to guarantee the endovenous laser polarization in the full-optical-fiber laser chamber.
Embodiment 2:
The structure that the present embodiment provides a kind of locked mode dual wavelength all risk insurance that is operated in Totally positive dispersion district, ambient stable work partially to mix Yb3+ optical fiber linear laser cavity.Adopt one section guarantor partially to mix the rare earth gain fibre as gain media, that has used two suitable centre wavelengths (centre wavelength is that 1.0～1.1 μ m are adjustable), bandwidth in its chamber and be 4～12nm protects inclined to one side long period optical fiber grating filter as the element of dual wavelength mode locked fiber laser centre wavelength selecting tuning and spectral filtering light pulse compression with flow-through, utilizes semiconductor saturable absorber to realize the locked mode vibration that the full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse laser of dual wavelength is stable.
Fig. 2 is a kind of cavity body structure schematic diagram that adopts the semiconductor saturable absorber locked mode, is operated in the full optical fiber linear laser cavity of dual wavelength in Totally positive dispersion district of the present embodiment; Utilized selecting as mode-locked laser centre wavelength and the element of spectral filtering pulse compression with the flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter of two suitable bandwidth and centre wavelength in the chamber.Pumping laser is coupled into by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) and protects inclined to one side rare earth doped optical fibre generation gain, polarization beam apparatus is as the dual-wavelength laser light-splitting device, two centre wavelength different with the element of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating as dual-wavelength laser selectors in the laser cavity and locked mode spectral filtering light pulse compression, semiconductor saturable absorber is as the double-wavelength short pulse fiber laser locked mode element, that be operated in the Totally positive dispersion district.Referring to accompanying drawing 2, the concrete annexation of this optical fiber laser structure is: the coupling mirror 6 of a partial reflectance is connected with the laser signal input optical fibre of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer 4, and the function of coupling mirror 6 is second reflection end face of output mode-locked laser pulse and whole laser; Polarization maintaining optical fibre wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 4 is connected with pumping laser 5, and pumping laser 5 is by in wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) the 4 coupled into optical fibres laser cavities; Protecting an inclined to one side end of mixing Yb3+ gain fibre 3 and the other end of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexer 4 (signal laser be connected with pumping laser end) for one section is connected with the generation laser gain; Protect the inclined to one side Y that mixes
b 3+The other end of gain fibre 3 closes bundle one word end polarization maintaining optical fibre with polarization beam apparatus 2 and is connected, and the function of polarization beam apparatus 2 is to use the mode of polarization to separate from the space laser of two wavelength; The attenuator 11 of two polarization maintaining optical fibre couplings, an end of 12 is connected with two polarization direction coupled fibers of polarization beam apparatus 2 respectively, the function of attenuator 11,12 is to change the loss of two wavelength arms of dual-wavelength optical-fiber laser with the net gain of two wavelength lasers of balance; The attenuator 11 of polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling, (one of them centre wavelength is 1.02 μ m to 12 the other end from two different centre wavelengths respectively, another is 1.09 μ m), bandwidth is the band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating 101 of 10nm, an end of 102 connects, the effect of band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating 101,102 is the selection of dual-wavelength laser centre wavelength and the light pulse compression of two wavelength mode-locked lasers; Two semiconductor saturable absorber 01,02 is with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber gratings 101 with two respectively, 102 other end optical fiber is by coupling optical system or directly by the optical cement connection, semiconductor saturable absorber 01,02 is served as a cavity reflection element of locked mode element and laser cavity.Thereby polarization beam apparatus 2 is separately controlled respectively (such as locked mode etc.) with the laser of two wavelength with the mode of polarization from the space, and the realization of two wavelength laser locked modes is to have adopted two semiconductor saturable absorber 01,02, the band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating 101 of two different centre wavelengths, 102 select two different locked mode centre wavelengths and realize locked mode spectral filtering light pulse compression at the Totally positive dispersion laser cavity, realize stable dual wavelength locked mode ultra-short pulse laser pulse output.
Embodiment 3:
The structure that the present embodiment provides a kind of locked mode dual wavelength all risk insurance that is operated in Totally positive dispersion, ambient stable partially to mix the Yb3+ linear cavity fiber laser.Adopt the guarantor of two sections different lengths partially to mix the rare earth gain fibre as gain media, used two suitable centre wavelengths (1.0～1.1 μ m), bandwidth in its chamber and be 4～12nm with the element of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter as dual wavelength mode locked fiber laser centre wavelength selecting tuning and spectral filtering light pulse compression, utilize semiconductor saturable absorber to realize the full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse laser locked mode vibration of dual wavelength Totally positive dispersion cavity.
Fig. 3 is that a kind of employing semiconductor saturable absorber realizes locked mode in the present embodiment, is operated in the cavity body structure schematic diagram of the full optical fiber linear laser cavity of Totally positive dispersion district dual wavelength; Utilized in the chamber two suitable centre wavelengths (1.0～1.1 μ m) and bandwidth (4～12nm) with the element of flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter as mode-locked laser centre wavelength selecting tuning and spectral filtering light pulse compression.Referring to accompanying drawing 3, its concrete structure is: the coupling mirror 6 of a partial reflectance closes bundle one word end polarization maintaining optical fibre with polarization beam apparatus 2 and is connected, and the function of coupling mirror 6 is mode-locked laser output port and first laser cavity reflecting surface; Two polarization maintaining optical fibre 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexers 401,402 signal laser input optical fibre is connected with two polarization direction coupled fibers of polarization beam apparatus 2 respectively, and the function of polarization beam apparatus 2 is to use the mode of polarization to separate from the space laser of two wavelength; The 976nm pumping laser 51,52 of two coupling fibers is by in wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 401, the 402 difference coupled into optical fibres laser cavities; The guarantor of two sections different lengths mixes Y partially
b 3+One end of gain fibre 301,302 is connected with two other ends of protecting inclined to one side 980/1064 wavelength division multiplexers 4 (signal laser be connected with pumping laser end) respectively, and pumping laser produces laser gain in gain fibre; Two sections guarantors mix Y partially
b 3+Gain fibre 301,302 the other end is respectively the band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating 101 of 12nm from two different centre wavelengths (wavelength may be selected to be respectively 1.02 and 1.08 μ m), bandwidth, an end of 102 connects, the effect of band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating 101,102 is that dual-wavelength laser centre wavelength is selected and the spectral filtering light pulse of two wavelength mode-locked lasers is compressed; Two semiconductor saturable absorber 01,02 is with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber gratings 101 with two respectively, 102 other end optical fiber passes through coupling optical system or directly connects by optical cement, semiconductor saturable absorber 01,02 is served as the cavity reflecting element of laser mode locking element and laser cavity.Thereby polarization beam apparatus 2 is separately controlled respectively (such as locked mode etc.) with the laser of two wavelength with the mode of polarization from the space, and the realization of two wavelength laser locked modes is to have adopted two semiconductor saturable absorber 01,02, the band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating 101 of two different centre wavelengths, 12nm bandwidth, 102 select two different locked mode centre wavelengths and realize the pulse compression of locked mode spectral filtering at the Totally positive dispersion laser cavity, form stable dual wavelength locked mode ultrashort pulse output.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment provides a kind of locked mode that is operated in the Totally positive dispersion annular chamber to mix Y
b 3+The structure of fiber laser, adopt one section single mode to mix the rare earth gain fibre as gain media, (4～12nm) select as mode-locked laser centre wavelength and the element of spectral filtering light pulse compression with the flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter realizes that full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse laser stable mode-locking vibrates to have used suitable centre wavelength (1.0～1.1 μ m) and bandwidth in its chamber.
Referring to accompanying drawing 4, it is the full-optical-fiber laser cavity body structure schematic diagram that the present embodiment adopts annular chamber nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode; Utilized in the chamber suitable centre wavelength and bandwidth with the flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter is selected as mode-locked laser centre wavelength and the spectral filtering light pulse is compressed element.Pumping laser is coupled into the single mode rare earth doped optical fibre by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) and produces gain, adopted in the annular cavity laser chamber suitable bandwidth with the element of flow-through long period band general character fiber grating filter as the selection of laser centre wavelength and spectral filtering light pulse compression, the isolator of a coupling fiber is guaranteed the unidirectional vibration of fiber laser, two optical fiber polarization controllers are adjusted the polarization direction of fiber laser endovenous laser, polarization beam apparatus is as the output coupler of mode-locked laser, gain fibre, band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter, isolator, two optical fiber polarization controllers, the nonlinear polarization rotation saturable absorber of the laser that polarization beam apparatus forms produces stable mode locking pulse.Its concrete annexation is as seen from Figure 4: pumping laser 5 is coupled into single mode rare earth doped optical fibre 30 by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 40 and produces gain; a suitable centre wavelength is 1.02 μ m; bandwidth is that the band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 10 of 12nm is connected with single mode rare earth doped optical fibre 30 by a section single-mould fiber 16; with the element of flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 10 as selection and the spectral filtering light pulse compression of laser centre wavelength; an optical fiber polarization controller 8 is connected with long period band general character fiber grating filter 10; the effect of optical fiber polarization controller 8 is to adjust the endovenous laser polarization state and produce saturable absorber with other device to produce mode-locked laser pulse; the polarization beam apparatus 9 of a coupling fiber is connected with optical fiber polarization controller 8 and consists of exports the variable Laser output port of ratio; the isolator 14 of a coupling fiber is connected with the polarization beam apparatus 9 of coupling fiber; the effect of isolator 14 is to guarantee the unidirectional vibration of circular cavity optic fibre laser; another optical fiber polarization controller 15 is connected with isolator 14; the effect of optical fiber polarization controller 15 is to adjust the polarization state of annular endovenous laser and form the saturable absorber that passive mode locking produces ultrashort laser pulse with other device; optical fiber polarization controller 15; wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 40; single mode rare earth doped optical fibre 30; one section single-mould fiber 16; the band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 10 of suitable centre wavelength and bandwidth; optical fiber polarization controller 8; the polarization beam apparatus 9 of coupling fiber; isolator 14 consists of a laser that utilizes nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode annular chamber; band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 10 produces intracavity wavelengths and selects and spectral filtering light pulse compressions, two optical fiber polarization controllers 8 and 15; gain fibre 30; band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 10; but the polarization beam apparatus 9 of coupling fiber produces nonlinear polarization rotation saturated absorption body locked mode.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment provides a kind of locked mode that is operated in the Totally positive dispersion district to mix Y
b 3+The structure of full polarization fibre annular-type cavity laser, adopt one section guarantor partially to mix the rare earth gain fibre as gain media, utilize semiconductor saturable absorber to realize locked mode work, used in its chamber suitable centre wavelength (1.0～1.1 μ m) and bandwidth (4～12nm) with the element of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter as mode-locked laser centre wavelength selecting tuning and spectral filtering light pulse compression, realizes that stable full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse laser locked mode vibrates.
Referring to accompanying drawing 5, it is the described a kind of full polarization fibre laser annular housing structural representation that adopts the semiconductor saturable absorber locked mode of the present embodiment; Utilized in the chamber suitable bandwidth (4～12nm) and centre wavelength (1.0～1.1 μ m) with the element of flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter as mode-locked laser centre wavelength selecting tuning and spectral filtering light pulse compression.Pumping laser is coupled into to mix by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) protects inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber generation gain, adopted in the annular cavity laser chamber suitable bandwidth with the element of flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter as the selection of laser centre wavelength and spectral filtering light pulse compression, the isolator of a polarization maintaining optical fibre coupling is guaranteed the unidirectional belt vibration of fiber laser, a polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is the mode-locked laser output coupler, gain fibre, band flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter, isolator, the belt cavity of the laser that fiber coupler and semiconductor saturable absorber form produces stable mode-locked laser pulse.Its concrete annexation is as seen from Figure 5: pumping laser 5 is coupled into by wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 4 and protects inclined to one side rare earth doped optical fibre 3 and produce gain; Centre wavelength is that 1.06 μ m, bandwidth are that the end with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter 1 of 8nm is connected with the other end of protecting inclined to one side rare earth doped fiber 3 that mixes, the element that compresses as selection and the spectral filtering light pulse of mode locked fiber laser centre wavelength with flow-through long period optical fiber grating filter 1; One end optical fiber of a polarization fiber coupler 13 is connected with other end optical fiber with flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter 1, and the effect of polarization fiber coupler 13 is mode-locked lasers in the output cavity; The input optical fibre end of a belt device 17 of polarization maintaining optical fibre is connected with the other end optical fiber of polarization fiber coupler 13, semiconductor saturable absorber 0 is by the optical lens coupling or directly be adhesive in polarization maintaining optical fibre with optics and go in ring on the second end optical fiber of device 17, and the nonlinear interaction of 0 pair of laser of semiconductor saturable absorber forms stable mode-locked laser pulse; The output optical fibre end of the belt device 17 of polarization maintaining optical fibre is connected with the input of polarization preserving fiber isolator 18, and the effect of polarization preserving fiber isolator 18 is to make the doped fiber ring laser one-way only operation; The output optical fiber of polarization preserving fiber isolator 18 is connected with the signal input part optical fiber of wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 4, forms a complete loop laser chamber; The nonlinear interaction of 0 pair of laser of semiconductor saturable absorber and gain fibre 3, the suitably band flow-through long period polarization-maintaining fiber grating filter 1 light pulse compression of bandwidth, thereby produce stable locked mode ultra-short pulse laser at whole positive dispersion laser cavity, by 13 outputs of polarization maintaining optical fibre output coupler.
Claims (1)
1. Totally positive dispersion cavity mode-locked all-fiber laser, this laser is the full fiber-optical ultrashort pulse linear laser cavity that is operated in the Totally positive dispersion district, it is characterized in that: described linear laser cavity comprises not only as the first laser cavity end face but also the semiconductor saturable absorber of using as locked mode, wavelength division multiplexer, optical-fiber laser gain media, band flow-through long period fiber grating, output coupler and the second laser cavity end face; Described band flow-through long period fiber grating, it is the band flow-through long period fiber grating of one section centre wavelength, 1.0～1.1 μ m, bandwidth 4～12nm, or centre wavelength is that 1.0～1.1 μ m, bandwidth are two sections of 4～12nm band flow-through long period fiber grating, and the centre wavelength of each section is different; Described optical-fiber laser gain media is mixed the rare earth gain fibre partially for protecting;
The structure of described linear laser cavity is:
Described semiconductor saturable absorber [0] is bonded on the fiber end face of wavelength division multiplexer [4] and produces mode-locked laser pulse, and described semiconductor saturable absorber [0] doubles as the first laser cavity end face of described linear laser cavity;
A pumping source [5] provides pump light for described wavelength division multiplexer [4], as input pumping light;
Described wavelength division multiplexer [4] and described guarantor partially mix rare earth gain fibre [3] and are connected the pump light [5] that is used for pumping source and are input to described guarantor and partially mix rare earth gain fibre [3] generation laser gain;
One end of described band flow-through long period fiber grating [1] is connected with the other end that described guarantor mixes rare earth gain fibre [3] partially, and described band flow-through long period fiber grating [1] is selected centre wavelength and spectral filtering light pulse compression, realizes stable mode-locking laser generation;
One is only had an end of the described fiber coupler [13] of single polarization axle vibration output to be connected with the other end of described band flow-through long period fiber grating [1], described fiber coupler [13] output mode-locked laser pulse;
A total reflection chamber mirror [12] is connected with the other end of output coupler [13], as the described second laser cavity end face of described linear laser device.
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| CN103022860A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Tunable ytterbium-doping double-clad fiber mode-locked laser |
| WO2017073609A1 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-04 | 株式会社フジクラ | Fiber laser system, reflection resistance evaluation method and reflection resistance improvement method for same, and fiber laser |
| CN107248692B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2020-01-14 | 武汉理工大学 | Ultra-narrow linewidth wavelength-adjustable composite cavity optical fiber laser |
| CN109672078B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-01-26 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Pulse seed source and laser system with same |
| CN112332815B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2024-04-02 | 国网四川省电力公司经济技术研究院 | High-speed random code generator based on doped gain fiber random laser |
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| US20080151945A1 (en) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-06-26 | Polaronyx, Inc. | Ultrashort stable mode locked fiber laser at one micron by using polarization maintaining (PM) fiber and photonic bandgap fiber (PBF) |
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