CN102183808B - Phase delayer - Google Patents
Phase delayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183808B CN102183808B CN201110163942.8A CN201110163942A CN102183808B CN 102183808 B CN102183808 B CN 102183808B CN 201110163942 A CN201110163942 A CN 201110163942A CN 102183808 B CN102183808 B CN 102183808B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a phase delayer, comprising a polyhedron birefringence crystal, the polyhedron is a cuboid, a vertical edge of an incidence surface of the polyhedron is processed into a second wedge angle surface, the corresponding wedge angle is Beta; an edge of an emergent surface which is centrosymmetric with the vertical edge is processed into a first wedge angle surface, the corresponding angle is Alpha, and alpha is equal to beta; an optical axis of the polyhedron birefringence crystal is in parallel with the bottom surface, and forms an included angle gamma with a central axis of the incidence surface; the first wedge angle surface and the second wedge angle surface are plated with high reflection films; the values of alpha and beta are all angle values which can lead the second sub-light-beam separated in the polyhedron birefringence crystal rightly to be overlapped with the first sub-light-beam on the emergent surface after multiple times of internal reflection. The phase delayer in the structure is large in phase delay effect, simultaneously, the phase delayer has small size, thereby being good for the miniaturization of light module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication and photodetection field, relate in particular to a kind of optical delay of realizing large phase delay.
Background technology
In light transmission and photodetection application, often need to change with optical element or optical module the optical path difference of two mutual vertical components of light beam, thereby realize the object of the polarization state that changes light beam.This class optical element or assembly are referred to as phase delay device.Wherein the most common phase delay device is wave plate, become the birefringece crystal of parallel flat shape to form, and the optical axis of crystal is parallel to wave plate surface by cutting and polishing.When a branch of light beam impinges perpendicularly on wave plate, can be divided into two orthogonal light polarization components, wherein the component perpendicular to optical axis is called o light, and the component that is parallel to optical axis is called e light.O light in wave plate and e only propagate along same direction, but due to o light different with the refractive index of e light in crystal (establish its value and are respectively no and ne), pass between wave plate latter two light and will produce the optical path difference (thickness that d is wave plate) of (no-ne) d, produced the phase delay of 2 π * (no-ne) * d/ λ.
The phase delay device that also has a kind of total-reflection type, as fresnel prism and water chestnut mirror, the principle that the relative phase while having utilized light total internal reflection between its s and p polarized component can change, the phase delay of acquisition half-wave or 1/4 ripple.
Yet the phase-delay quantity of above-mentioned two class phase delay devices is all smaller, and be not suitable for the application scenario of large phase delay.For example, in the depolarized application of frequency domain polarization, its depolarized effect, along with the increase of phase-delay quantity improves, in order to reach the depolarized effect of design, must increase the size of whole product.Fig. 1 is a kind of existing depolarized delay structure, and wherein 11,12 is birefringece crystal sheet, and 13 is retardation plate.Crystal sheet 11 is separated into two beamlet o light 141 and e light 142 by incident light, then with retardation plate 13, separately e light 142 is carried out to phase delay, finally by crystal sheet 12, separated beamlet o light 141 and e light 142 is combined into a branch of again.Conventionally the material of crystal sheet 11,12 is YVO4 material, and for conventional hot spot is carried out to effective separation, its length need be greater than 6mm, and therefore, even if do not comprise retardation plate length, whole delay structure length has also surpassed 12mm.
Fig. 2 is another kind of existing depolarized delay structure, the crystal sheet 11,12 that mainly adopts PBS (polarized light beam splitting bundling device) 21,22 to replace in Fig. 1, the function that realizes respectively light splitting, closes light.Same, also there is the defect that delay structure length is longer in this structure.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of undersized phase delay device, when realizing large phase delay, dwindles product package dimension.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme proposed by the invention is: a kind of phase delay device, comprise a polyhedron birefringece crystal, this polyhedron is a rectangular parallelepiped, comprise the plane of incidence, exit facet, bottom surface, end face and two sides, one vertical seamed edge of its plane of incidence is processed into the second angle of wedge face, corresponding angle of wedge β, be processed into the first angle of wedge face, corresponding locking angle, and α=β with the seamed edge of the centrosymmetric exit facet of this seamed edge, the optical axis of this polyhedron birefringece crystal is parallel to bottom surface, and becomes angle γ with plane of incidence central shaft, described the first angle of wedge face and the second angle of wedge face are all coated with highly reflecting films, incident light impinges perpendicularly in this polyhedron birefringece crystal from the plane of incidence, be separated into the first beamlet and the second beamlet, wherein polyhedron birefringece crystal is crossed in the direct transmission of the first beamlet, from exit facet, export, the second beamlet is successively through the first angle of wedge face, the multiple internal reflection of two sides and the second angle of wedge face, or successively after the reflection of the first angle of wedge face and the second angle of wedge face, two beamlets overlap again at exit facet, be combined into light beam outgoing, described α, β value is all angle values that the described beamlet through multiple internal reflection is just overlapped at exit facet with the beamlet of directly transmission.
Preferably, the birefringece crystal of described rectangular shape also can be replaced by the birefringece crystal of a prismatic prism shape, same two centrosymmetric seamed edge is processed into centrosymmetric two angle of wedge faces.
Further, described the second beamlet comprises more than twice or twice internal reflection through multiple internal reflection.
Further, the two sides of stating polyhedron birefringece crystal are all coated with highly reflecting films.
Further, described angle γ angle is 20 ° ~ 70 ° scopes.
Preferably, described processing mode is cutting or grinding.
Further, described polyhedron birefringece crystal can also be cut into two polyhedron birefringece crystals, two relative cut surfaces are all coated with anti-reflection film; Two polyhedron birefringece crystals bond as a whole by cementing agent.
Further, in the middle of described two birefringece crystals, can also add parallel plate glass pad to form a parallel air-gap.
Further, in the middle of described two birefringece crystals, also can add the optical element of a control phase retardation.
Preferably, described optical element is optical glass, or the birefringece crystal identical with described polyhedron.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: a kind of phase delay device of the present invention, by a branch of beamlet separated in birefringece crystal, after multiple internal reflection, again overlap and close bundle outgoing with another beamlet, produce large phase delay; And the function of utilizing a birefringece crystal to realize light splitting simultaneously and close light, has greatly reduced the length of whole delay structure, has the advantage that size is little, is beneficial to the miniaturization that realizes optical module.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of depolarized delay structure of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the depolarized delay structure of the another kind of prior art;
Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention one schematic perspective views;
Fig. 4 is embodiments of the invention one light path schematic diagram (vertical view of Fig. 3);
Fig. 5 is embodiments of the invention two light path schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is embodiments of the invention three light path schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is embodiments of the invention four light path schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the general character schematic diagram of single crystal embodiment light path part of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is embodiments of the invention five light path schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is embodiments of the invention six light path schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment mono-: as shown in Figures 3 and 4, a kind of phase delay device of the present invention, comprises a polyhedron birefringece crystal 3, and this polyhedron is a rectangular parallelepiped, one vertical seamed edge of its plane of incidence 31 is processed into the second angle of wedge face 33 by the mode of cutting or grinding, corresponding angle of wedge β; By the mode of cutting or grinding, be processed into the first angle of wedge face 34, corresponding locking angle, and α=β equally with the seamed edge of the centrosymmetric exit facet 32 of this seamed edge; The optical axis 38 of this polyhedron birefringece crystal 3 is parallel to bottom surface, and becomes angle γ with the plane of incidence 31 central shafts; Described the first angle of wedge face 34 and the second angle of wedge face 33 are all coated with highly reflecting films; Described α, β value are all angle values that the second beamlet 352 of these polyhedron birefringece crystal 3 interior separation is just overlapped with the first beamlet 351 at exit facet 32 after multiple internal reflection.Wherein γ value can be the scope of positive and negative 20 ° ~ 70 °.
When incident light impinges perpendicularly on polyhedron birefringece crystal 3 when interior from the plane of incidence 31, birefringence effect due to crystal, beam separation is o light (the first beamlet 351, light polarization direction is perpendicular to the axial plane of crystal) and e light (the second beamlet 352, light polarization direction is parallel to the axial plane of crystal).The first beamlet 351 will directly see through 3 outputs of polyhedron birefringece crystal; The second 352 of beamlets are with first beamlet 351 is in a certain angle transmits in crystal, finally incide on the first angle of wedge face 34, because the first angle of wedge face 34 is coated with highly reflecting films, to there is internal reflection in the second beamlet 352, then successively again through two sides 36 of polyhedron birefringece crystal 3, on the 37 and second angle of wedge face 33, internal reflection occurs, these two sides 36,37 are coated with highly reflecting films equally.Because the first angle of wedge face 34 and the second angle of wedge face 33 are parallel to each other, two sides 36,37 are also parallel to each other, route when reflected light is parallel to the second beamlet 352 initial separation the most at last.Work as locking angle, when β gets appropriate value, in the time of can making the second beamlet 352 again overlap with the first beamlet 351 just from exit facet 32 outgoing of polyhedron birefringece crystal 3.Because the plane of incidence 31 and exit facet 32 are also parallel to each other, the emergence angle of the second beamlet 352 is inevitable identical with the emergence angle of the first beamlet 351, and bundle outgoing is closed in namely the two formation.Whole process, e light (the second beamlet 352) for o light (the first beamlet 351), the longer distance of having advanced, thus obtained large phase delay; And due to the function of utilizing a birefringece crystal 3 to realize light splitting and close light simultaneously, also greatly reduced the length of whole delay structure.
Embodiment bis-: as shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment is that with the difference of embodiment mono-the wedge angle angle of its first angle of wedge face 44 and the second angle of wedge face 43 is larger than the angle of wedge β in embodiment mono-.From the plane of incidence 41 incides in crystal, e light (the second beamlet 452) is after the first angle of wedge face 44 reflections, incide on its side, incident angle is smaller, thereby after having carried out internal reflection repeatedly between two sides, just incide on the second angle of wedge face 43, and again overlap at exit facet 42 with o light (the first beamlet 451) after reflection, be combined into light beam outgoing.
Embodiment tri-: as shown in Figure 6, the present embodiment is that with the difference of embodiment mono-the wedge angle angle of its first angle of wedge face 54 and the second angle of wedge face 53 is less than the angle of wedge β in embodiment mono-.From the plane of incidence 51 incides in crystal, e light (the second beamlet 552), after the first angle of wedge face 54 reflections, is directly incident on the second angle of wedge face 53, and again overlaps at exit facet 52 with o light (the first beamlet 551) after reflection, is combined into light beam outgoing.
Embodiment tetra-: as shown in Figure 7, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment mono-is, its optical axis 66 is different from the angle γ angle of the plane of incidence 61 central shafts, e light (the second beamlet 652) separated from the plane of incidence 61 incidents directly sees through the output of polyhedron birefringece crystal, o light (the first beamlet 651) in crystal after the first angle of wedge face 64 reflection, after carrying out multiple internal reflection again, two sides incide the second angle of wedge face 63, again overlap at exit facet 62 with e light (the second beamlet 652) after reflection, be combined into light beam outgoing.
Significantly, from above-mentioned 4 embodiment, can find out, each embodiment has a common feature, as shown in Figure 8, incident light is after the plane of incidence 71 incidents of polygonal crystal, birefringence effect due to crystal, separate the first beamlet 751 and the second beamlet 752, wherein after the direct transmission of a beamlet, export, and another beamlet is after more than 2 times or the 2 times internal reflection of the first angle of wedge face 74 and the second angle of wedge face 73 and two sides, two beamlets overlap again at exit facet 72, are combined into light beam outgoing.And the beamlet of multiple internal reflection first internal reflection point in birefringece crystal and last internal reflection point are symmetrical centered by the central point of the first beamlet 751, have uniqueness.
Embodiment five: as shown in Figure 9, from above-mentioned 4 things that embodiment is different, birefringece crystal divides by 2 polyhedron birefringece crystals 81,82 form, also can regard as the polyhedron birefringece crystal in above-described embodiment is cut into two, two polyhedron birefringece crystals 81,82 can bond by cementing agent as a whole, its two relative cut surfaces 814,824 are all coated with highly reflecting films.Same, its optical axis 813,823 is all parallel in bottom surface, and becomes identical angle with the central shaft of the plane of incidence 811 and exit facet 821 respectively.After incident light incides in crystal, the first separated beamlet 831 directly projected after two polyhedron birefringece crystals 81,82 from exit facet 821 outgoing; The second beamlet 832 after the first angle of wedge face 822 reflection at two polyhedron birefringece crystals 81, in the 82 whole two sides that form, through multiple reflections, incide the second angle of wedge face 812, at exit facet 821, again overlap with the first beamlet 831 after reflection, be combined into light beam outgoing.
Embodiment six: as shown in figure 10, on the basis of figure embodiment five, add an optical element 84 between two polyhedron birefringece crystals 81,82, carry out the adjusting of phase-delay quantity.This optical element can be optical glass, can be also the birefringece crystal identical with described polyhedron birefringece crystal 81,82.
In addition, can also, on the basis of embodiment five, by adding the glass gasket of parallel flat shape to form a parallel air-gap, conveniently in light path, increase the regulation mechanism of phase delay.
For above-mentioned several embodiment, its polyhedron birefringece crystal, also can, on the basis of the birefringece crystal of prismatic prism shape, be processed into centrosymmetric two angle of wedge faces by two centrosymmetric seamed edge by cutting or lapping mode.
Although specifically show and introduced the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiment; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; within not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits; the various variations of in the form and details the present invention being made, are protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a phase delay device, comprise a polyhedron birefringece crystal, it is characterized in that: described polyhedron is a rectangular parallelepiped, comprise the plane of incidence, exit facet, bottom surface, end face and two sides, one vertical seamed edge of its plane of incidence is processed into the second angle of wedge face, corresponding angle of wedge β; Be processed into the first angle of wedge face, corresponding locking angle, and α=β with the seamed edge of the centrosymmetric exit facet of this seamed edge; The optical axis of this polyhedron birefringece crystal is parallel to bottom surface, and becomes angle γ with plane of incidence central shaft; Described the first angle of wedge face and the second angle of wedge face are all coated with highly reflecting films; Incident light impinges perpendicularly in this polyhedron birefringece crystal from the plane of incidence, be separated into the first beamlet and the second beamlet, wherein polyhedron birefringece crystal is crossed in the direct transmission of the first beamlet, from exit facet, export, the second beamlet is successively through the multiple internal reflection of the first angle of wedge face, two sides and the second angle of wedge face, or successively after the reflection of the first angle of wedge face and the second angle of wedge face, two beamlets overlap again at exit facet, are combined into light beam outgoing; Described α, β value are all angle values that the described beamlet through multiple internal reflection is just overlapped at exit facet with the beamlet of directly transmission.
2. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the birefringece crystal of described rectangular shape is replaced by the birefringece crystal of a prismatic prism shape, and two centrosymmetric seamed edge is processed into centrosymmetric two angle of wedge faces.
3. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described the second beamlet comprises more than twice internal reflection through multiple internal reflection.
4. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the two sides of described polyhedron birefringece crystal are all coated with highly reflecting films.
5. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described angle γ angle is 20 ° ~ 70 ° scopes.
6. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described processing mode is cutting or grinding.
7. a kind of phase delay device as described in claim as arbitrary in claim 1-6, is characterized in that: described polyhedron birefringece crystal is through being cut into two polyhedron birefringece crystals, and two relative cut surfaces are all coated with anti-reflection film; Two polyhedron birefringece crystals bond as a whole by cementing agent.
8. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: in the middle of described two birefringece crystals, add parallel plate glass pad to form a parallel air-gap.
9. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the optical element that adds a control phase retardation in the middle of described two birefringece crystals.
10. a kind of phase delay device as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: described optical element is optical glass, or the birefringece crystal identical with described polyhedron.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110163942.8A CN102183808B (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Phase delayer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110163942.8A CN102183808B (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Phase delayer |
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| CN102183808A CN102183808A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| CN102183808B true CN102183808B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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| CN201110163942.8A Active CN102183808B (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2011-06-17 | Phase delayer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102590908B (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-02-12 | 首都师范大学 | Fresnel prism and method for converting polarization state of terahertz wave |
| CN108594426B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2023-06-30 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Optical retarder and application method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5499132A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1996-03-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Optical passive components |
| US5724184A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1998-03-03 | Hesline; Raymond | Polarizer with birefringent plate |
| CN1387071A (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-25 | 北京亚科晶体器件有限责任公司 | Optical phase delay device |
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2011
- 2011-06-17 CN CN201110163942.8A patent/CN102183808B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5724184A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1998-03-03 | Hesline; Raymond | Polarizer with birefringent plate |
| US5499132A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1996-03-12 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Optical passive components |
| CN1387071A (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-12-25 | 北京亚科晶体器件有限责任公司 | Optical phase delay device |
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| CN102183808A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
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