CN102183226B - Based on the anchor rod nondestructive testing method of Multi-source Information Fusion - Google Patents
Based on the anchor rod nondestructive testing method of Multi-source Information Fusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN102183226B CN102183226B CN201110057649.3A CN201110057649A CN102183226B CN 102183226 B CN102183226 B CN 102183226B CN 201110057649 A CN201110057649 A CN 201110057649A CN 102183226 B CN102183226 B CN 102183226B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 7
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of anchor rod nondestructive testing method based on Multi-source Information Fusion, the hand hammer that its test platform comprises more than four kinds materials, the computing machine being arranged on the sonic sensor on tested anchor pole exposed junction anchor head, the data collector be connected with sonic sensor and being connected with data collector; When Non-Destructive Testing is carried out to anchor pole, the anchor head of anchor pole is knocked respectively with the hand hammer of more than four kinds materials, produce the pumping signal of more than four kinds, the acoustic reflection signal of anchor pole bottom is sent in data collector by sonic sensor, carry out calculating with identifying based on the data processing of Multi-source Information Fusion to the data that described data collector gathers by computing machine again, Non-Destructive Testing is carried out to described anchor pole; Described Non-Destructive Testing comprises carries out linear measure longimetry and/or pouring defect detection to anchor pole.The present invention can overcome that weak not easy to identify, the on-the-spot test condition of single signal excitation energy is harsh, the deficiency of poor stability, reflective information is easily identified, accuracy of detection is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anchor rod nondestructive testing method based on Multi-source Information Fusion.
Background technology
In prior art, drawing experiment, coring method, sonic method (containing stress wave), supercritical ultrasonics technology etc. are mainly contained to the method that anchor pole detects.
Drawing experiment, coring method all belong to destructive detection method, although be traditional method of testing, use time-consuming, efficiency is low, and the sample number of sampling observation is very limited, can take a part for the whole unavoidably, cannot become conventional detection means.
Sonic method (containing stress wave), supercritical ultrasonics technology belong to lossless detection method, replace traditional method of testing just gradually at present.Supercritical ultrasonics technology is owing to adopting high frequency waves (being greater than 20K), in test, decay is large, reflected signal is weak, cause information identification difficulty, often affect the accuracy of result, and must ultrasonic generator be equipped with, problem that must be explosion-proof in mine down-hole detection is difficult to solve, and effect is undesirable and restricted.
Mainly adopt sonic method in anchor pole detection without damage, the frequency band of employing is 2K-10K, and testing efficiency is high, effective, has a extensive future.
In existing signal processing technology, as the eigenwert utilizing small wave converting method to extract signal, utilize the methods such as neural network prediction anchor pole quality, all need by means of the clear identification of bottom reflection signal.If bottom reflection signal is not obvious, identify just there is certain difficulty, and small wave converting method also exists the On The Choice of wavelet basis function.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, provide a kind of can accurately perception reflex information, the anchor rod nondestructive testing method based on Multi-source Information Fusion that accuracy of detection is high.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems:
Based on an anchor rod nondestructive testing method for Multi-source Information Fusion, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) first test platform is set up, first test platform is set up, the hand hammer that described test platform comprises more than four kinds materials, the computing machine being arranged on the sonic sensor on tested anchor pole exposed junction anchor head, the data collector be connected with sonic sensor and being connected with data collector;
(2) anchor head of anchor pole is knocked respectively with the hand hammer of more than four kinds materials, produce the pumping signal of more than four kinds, the acoustic reflection signal of anchor pole bottom is sent in data collector by sonic sensor, carry out calculating with identifying based on the data processing of Multi-source Information Fusion to the data that described data collector gathers by computing machine again, Non-Destructive Testing is carried out to described anchor pole;
Described Non-Destructive Testing comprises carries out linear measure longimetry and/or pouring defect detection to anchor pole;
It is described that to carry out the method for linear measure longimetry to anchor pole as follows:
For the pumping signal of described more than four kinds, detect the acoustic reflection signal of its anchor pole bottom, utilize HHT method to carry out denoising and characteristics extraction, by its signal extraction on the first yardstick or the second yardstick out, obtain IMF
j, j=1,2,3,4; According to the signal after characteristics extraction, determine the particular location of acoustic reflection signal, obtain rock-bolt length or anchorage length;
It is described that to carry out the method for pouring defect detection to anchor pole as follows:
To two kinds of defect type F of anchor pole
i(i=1,2) calculate substantially credible number
with uncertain probability
, described defect type F
ibe without pouring defect as i=1, for there being pouring defect during i=2, recycling D-S evidence theory merges the merging rule pair in assessment algorithm
merge,
, the substantially credible number after the fusion obtained
, (A) calculates evidence interval then according to the following equation
:
（A）
Wherein:
for belief function, be also called basic confidence level;
for plausibility function, be also called plan reliability;
Determine that the diagnosis decision-making of diagnostic result and defect type Fi is as follows:
Rule 1: target classification should have maximum basic confidence value; Rule 2: the difference of the basic confidence value of target classification and other classifications must be greater than threshold value
; Rule 3: uncertain probability
a certain threshold value must be less than
; Rule 4: other basic confidence value of target class must be greater than uncertainty probability
.
Good effect of the present invention is: the anchor rod nondestructive testing method based on Multi-source Information Fusion of the present invention, because the method adopting the hammer of unlike material to hit shake at random produces different pumping signals, and utilize HHT and D-S evidence theory to merge assessment algorithm identification bolt design parameters and anchor pole quality, can overcome that weak not easy to identify, the on-the-spot test condition of single signal excitation energy is harsh, the deficiency of poor stability, reflective information is easily identified, accuracy of detection is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the anchor rod nondestructive testing method principle schematic that the present invention is based on Multi-source Information Fusion;
Fig. 2 be in the present invention with material be respectively aluminium, ebonite wood, iron and nylon cap irony four kinds of hand hammers be that excitation focus is to excite without pouring defect anchor pole one group of acoustic reflection signal graph;
Fig. 3 carries out the curve after characteristics extraction to Fig. 2 application HHT method.
Fig. 4 be in the present invention with material be respectively aluminium, ebonite wood, iron and nylon cap irony four kinds of hand hammers be that excitation focus is to the one group of acoustic reflection signal graph having pouring defect anchor pole to excite;
Fig. 5 carries out the curve after characteristics extraction to Fig. 4 application HHT method.
Embodiment
Anchor rod nondestructive testing method based on Multi-source Information Fusion of the present invention, preferably embodiment is as follows for it:
(1) first, set up test platform, as shown in Figure 1, first set up test platform, described test platform comprise four kinds and the hand hammer of above material, the sonic sensor be arranged on tested anchor pole exposed junction anchor head, with sonic sensor to the data collector be connected and the computing machine be connected with data collector;
(2) respectively with material be aluminium, ebonite wood, iron and nylon cap irony four kinds of hand hammers knock the outer end anchor head of indoor cast anchor pole, produce four kinds of pumping signals, the acoustic reflection signal of anchor pole low side is sent to data collector by sonic sensor, then the data gathered described data collector in a computer carry out calculating with identifying based on the data processing of Multi-source Information Fusion, carry out Non-Destructive Testing to anchor pole.
Be illustrated in figure 2 and knock anchor pole without pouring defect respectively with the hand hammer of unlike material, the acoustic reflection signal waveforms that data collector gathers, be respectively aluminium from top to bottom, oscillogram that ebonite wood, iron, nylon cap irony hand hammer knock.Be illustrated in figure 4 the anchor pole knocking pouring defect with the hand hammer of unlike material respectively, the acoustic reflection signal waveforms that data collector gathers, be respectively aluminium from top to bottom, oscillogram that ebonite wood, iron, nylon cap irony hand hammer knock.Can find out that the hand hammer of unlike material excites the acoustic waveform of generation, energy, frequecy characteristic to have obvious difference by Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, if to ask for reflection interval more difficult for the waveform produced from single hammering.
Be respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 and carry out the curve after characteristics extraction to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 application HHT method, applying HHT method as seen by Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 can from the signal flooded by noise by the acoustic reflection signal of anchor pole bottom or fault location signal extraction out.
As shown in Figure 3, respectively HHT characteristics extraction is carried out to acoustic reflection signal in Fig. 2, from the signal flooded by noise, extract the acoustic reflection signal of anchor pole bottom, by its signal extraction on the first yardstick out, obtain IMF
j, j=1,2,3,4; Thus calculate rock-bolt length, as shown in table 1.
The rock-bolt length testing result that HHT method completes applied by table 1
| Aluminium is hammered into shape | Ebonite wooden mallet | Iron hammer | Nylon cap+iron hammer | |
| Measure length/m | 1.84 | 1.825 | 1.83 | 1.785 |
| Physical length/m | 1.81 | 1.81 | 1.81 | 1.81 |
| Relative error/% | 1.66 | 0.083 | 1.11 | -1.38 |
From table 1, the anchor pole that application HHT method obtains measure length and anchor pole physical length more close, the relative error of detection is less.
Carry out pouring defect detection to anchor pole: by Fig. 5 data, the merging rule in application D-S evidence theory fusion assessment algorithm is to substantially credible number
merge,
, obtain the substantially credible number after merging
;
(A) calculates evidence interval according to the following equation
:
（A）
Wherein:
for belief function, be also called basic confidence level;
for plausibility function, be also called plan reliability,
for uncertain probability;
According to following diagnosis decision-making determination diagnostic result and defect type Fi as follows:
Described diagnosis decision-making is: rule 1: target classification should have maximum basic confidence value; Rule 2: the difference of the basic confidence value of target classification and other classifications must be greater than a certain threshold value
; Rule 3: uncertain probability
a certain threshold value must be less than
; Rule 4: other basic confidence value of target class must be greater than uncertainty probability
.
That carries out data fusion to Fig. 5 market demand D-S data anastomosing algorithm the results are shown in Table 2(wherein threshold value
,
).
Table 2 pair Fig. 5 market demand D-S data anastomosing algorithm carries out the result of data fusion
Wherein one-level fusion represents that aluminium hammer merges with the substantially credible number of ebonite wooden mallet, the uncertain probability in one-level fusion results
be 0.4774, be greater than threshold value
, be not inconsistent with rule 3, can not result be differentiated.Substantially the credible number of one-level fusion results and iron hammer is merged, obtains two level fusion result, the uncertain probability in two level fusion result
be 0.3266, be greater than threshold value
, be not inconsistent with rule 3, also can not differentiate result.Substantially credible number two level fusion result and nylon being added iron hammer merges, and obtains three grades of fusion results.Defect F in three grades of fusion results
2basic confidence level
be 0.1002 with the difference of other basic confidence levels, be greater than
, and uncertain probability
be 0.2424, be less than
, meet decision rule, reach a conclusion as anchor pole exists pouring defect.
As can be seen from Table 2, fusion results each time all greatly reduces the uncertain probability of information, so can fully differentiate that anchor pole exists pouring defect according to fusion results.
In the present invention, the special hammer of unlike material is adopted to knock anchor pole exposed junction termination (anchor head), docking collection of letters breath carries out processing and identification, as HHT analysis, D-S evidence theory merge assessment algorithm, calculated by computer disposal, obtain anchor pole relevant technologies parameter and quality testing, solve single-frequency in existing method, require that macro-energy encourages the deficiency of the existence such as focus, stability.Adopt the hammer of unlike material to knock anchor pole, and carry out Non-Destructive Testing with above-mentioned algorithm, have that detection efficiency is high, data reliability is high, testing result precision advantages of higher.
Claims (1)
1., based on an anchor rod nondestructive testing method for Multi-source Information Fusion, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
(1) first test platform is set up, the hand hammer that described test platform comprises more than four kinds materials, the computing machine being arranged on the sonic sensor on tested anchor pole exposed junction anchor head, the data collector be connected with sonic sensor and being connected with data collector;
(2) anchor head of anchor pole is knocked respectively with the hand hammer of more than four kinds materials, produce the pumping signal of more than four kinds, the acoustic reflection signal of anchor pole bottom is sent in data collector by sonic sensor, carry out calculating with identifying based on the data processing of Multi-source Information Fusion to the data that described data collector gathers by computing machine again, Non-Destructive Testing is carried out to anchor pole;
Described Non-Destructive Testing comprises carries out linear measure longimetry and pouring defect detection to anchor pole;
It is described that to carry out the method for linear measure longimetry to anchor pole as follows:
For the pumping signal of described more than four kinds, detect the acoustic reflection signal of its anchor pole bottom, utilize HHT method to carry out denoising and characteristics extraction, by its signal extraction on the first yardstick or the second yardstick out, obtain IMF
j, j=1,2,3,4; According to the signal after characteristics extraction, determine the particular location of acoustic reflection signal, obtain rock-bolt length or anchorage length;
It is described that to carry out the method for pouring defect detection to anchor pole as follows:
To two kinds of defect type F of anchor pole
i(i=1,2; ) calculate substantially credible number
with uncertain probability
, described defect type F
ibe without pouring defect as i=1, for there being pouring defect during i=2, recycling D-S evidence theory merges the merging rule pair in assessment algorithm
merge,
, the substantially credible number after the fusion obtained
, (A) calculates evidence interval then according to the following equation
:
（A）
Wherein:
for belief function, be also called basic confidence level;
for plausibility function, be also called plan reliability;
Determine that the diagnosis decision-making of diagnostic result and defect type Fi is as follows:
Rule 1: target classification should have maximum basic confidence value; Rule 2: the difference of the basic confidence value of target classification and other classifications must be greater than a certain threshold epsilon; Rule 3: uncertain probability
a certain threshold gamma must be less than; Rule 4: other basic confidence value of target class must be greater than uncertainty probability
.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102967653B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-12-16 | 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院 | Anchor rod nondestructive testing method and device |
| CN103499320A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-08 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司深圳南方分院 | Anchoring engineering quality detector and analysis method |
| CN106501465B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-11-13 | 石家庄铁道大学 | A kind of detection method for detecting Detection of Bolt Bonding Integrity |
| CN106855539A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of anchor rod nondestructive testing method and equipment based on stress wave |
| CN106874627B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2020-11-03 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Detection method for detecting construction quality and working state of mine anchor rod |
| CN107227968B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2023-06-16 | 贵州大学 | Self-checking anchor rod and using method thereof |
| CN110826598B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-09-02 | 四川大学 | Anchor rod anchoring compactness grade evaluation method based on convolutional neural network |
| CN112729176B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-06-10 | 河南理工大学 | Ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for detecting length of anchor rod in different media |
| CN113188488B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-07-14 | 江河工程检验检测有限公司 | Nondestructive measuring method for length of anchor rod |
| CN114689695B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-05 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Nondestructive testing analysis method for fullness of rock wall beam anchor rod |
| CN115508416A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-23 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Cable degradation evaluation method based on characteristic impedance analysis |
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