CN102180947A - 一种Aβ聚集抑制剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种Aβ聚集抑制剂,其特征在于它的氨基酸序列为:氨基端-IYVLIY-羧基端。本肽序列是基于肽的定量结构功能关系模型设计,经原子力显微镜扫描技术检测得到。它对导致阿兹海默症的毒性体-Aβ的聚集具有良好的抑制作用,可进一步开发为治疗阿兹海默症的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种Aβ聚集抑制剂,特别是一种抗阿兹海默症毒性体Aβ抑制剂。
背景技术
阿兹海默症(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是老年人最常见的一种痴呆症。目前,全球至少有3500万人患有此病,且每年的致死率正在上升。每年全球的总花费估计达到2000亿美元,研究表明,Aβ(Amyloid β-peptide)寡聚体是AD病人体内的显著毒性体,因此抑制Aβ寡聚体的生成是阻止AD发生最有效的策略。然而,目前无有效方法用于AD抑制剂设计,主要面对三方面的严重挑战:1、缺少有效的高通量筛选方法:实验筛选方法需要合成和纯化Aβ,这对于大量化合物的筛选无疑是费时、昂贵且不现实。2、缺少Aβ寡聚体的高分辨率结构:Aβ寡聚体呈亚稳态,因此利用X-射线衍射和NMR技术很难得到其结构,使基于结构的合理药物设计难以实现。3、缺少对Aβ自组装机制的理解:包括肽的哪一部分构成在淀粉样纤维生成过程中起着关键作用;种子和纤维生成相关的路径与中间体是什么;Aβ是否亲和到特定的受体;Aβ如何生成毒性体以及毒性的机制是什么。因此,设计新型Aβ抑制剂对相关蛋白质折叠疾病诊断和治疗具有重要的实践意义。
发明内容
有鉴于此,为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种Aβ聚集抑制剂,可进一步开发为AD治疗药物。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:它的氨基酸序列为:氨基端-IYVLIY-羧基 端。
本发明的一种Aβ聚集抑制剂,选取一组具有聚集行为的6肽样本,经过肽定量构效关系建模技术设计具有聚集行为的肽分子,将其与Aβ相互作用,经过原子力显微镜检测肽其对Aβ的抑制特征,依此方法找到了本发明所述的氨基酸序列,即:氨基端-IYVLIY-羧基端。
合成本发明所述的氨基酸序列方法均是现有的成熟技术,它是按照如下方法制成的:
采用标准Fmoc方案,起始选用0.0125mmol,PSC树脂(ABI公司生产,批号A5F013),按照权利要求1所述的序列特征,使肽链从C端逐个向N端延伸,各氨基酸的用量为0.1mmol,各种氨基酸保护基团是:各氨基酸的alpha氨基Pmoc保护,其余侧链保护基团,Arg(Mtr),Tyr(tBu),Thr(tBu),Asp(OtBu),对于生物素基和十八酰基团的修饰,Fmoc-Lys(biotin)-OH和十八酸分别连接到肽的C末端和N末端。每步缩合都加入HoBT/Dcc活化保护氨基酸的羧基。每步缩合用含有20%六氢吡啶的NMP溶液去除Fmoc保护基,肽侧链合成后,按照ABI公司推荐的步骤,将含树脂的肽链加入处于冰浴条件下的混合反应液中,反应液的成分:结晶苯酸0.75g,酒石酸乙二胺(EDT)0.25ml,苯硫基甲烷0.5ml,去离子水0.5ml,三氟乙酸10ml。在室温条件下持续搅拌,反应时间为4.5小时,把肽链从树枝上裂解下来,同时去除多种保护基团。将混合液经4G的玻璃滤器过滤,以滤掉切下的树脂和保护集团,并用三氟乙酸冲洗反应瓶和滤器,将滤液在常温下低压蒸发至1-2ml,加乙醚50ml,使多肽沉淀后,经6G滤器过滤后,冷冻干燥,所得便是肽产品。以上过程都是在ABI-431A固相自动肽合成仪中完成。所合成肽经过RP-HPLC纯化,纯度达到95%,并经TOF-MS鉴定结构。
用原子力显微镜扫描技术测定上述所合成肽对Aβ的抑制作用。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述,并且在某种程度上,基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的,或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他 优点可以通过下面的说明书,权利要求书,以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述,其中:
图1是新设计肽IYVLIY对Aβ抑制作用的原子力显微镜扫描(A为肽IYVLIY对Aβ抑制7天后的结果,未生成明显的纤维样,左图为未添加肽IYVLIY的以及结果,生成明显的纤维样)
具体实施方式
以下对采用本发明的方法用于阿兹海默症发病过程中的Aβ抑制剂的设计和鉴定为例进行详细的描述,包括以下步骤:
a)肽的定量构效关系建模;
a1)肽结构表征:从文献(Matsubara et al.,Nat Methods,2010,7(3):237)选择120个肽样本,其中可聚集肽样本为49,非聚集肽样本为71个。每个肽含有6个氨基酸残基,为了合理表征这些肽的结构特征,精选20种天然氨基酸的335种性质参数,这些变量表征氨基酸的如下性质,α-螺旋与转角倾向性质;β倾向性质;物理化学性质;构成特征及其它特性等。用因子分析法处理精选得到的变量,通过斜交旋转,并用主成分法提取6个因子,这6个因子解释了原始变量83.47%的信息,参见表1。
对6个因子进行载荷分析发现,每个因子都具有较明显的物理化学意义,涉及序列的疏水性、α-螺旋与转角倾向、体积性质、构成特征、局部柔性及静电性质。进一步计算各因子得分,见表1,为方便,称此6个因子得分矢量为氨基酸广义信息因子分析标度,该表征体系综合了335个原始氨基酸性质参数大部分信息,可将其用于肽或蛋白质结构表征。肽序列中的每个氨基酸残基用6个氨基酸广义信息因子分析标度表征,对于每个6肽序列,则可用6×6个=36 个变量表征。
表1 20种天然氨基酸的335个性质参数的6个因子得分
a20种天然氨基酸用常规的单个英文字母表示。
a2)用线性判别分析建立聚集肽的识别模型;
用逐步方法挑选参数,以偏F检验对应的F值为依据,当F值大于3.84时,则该变量留在模型中,当该变量对应F值小于2.71时,则剔除该变量,经过留一法交互验证模型的预测能力,最后得到一个9变量标准化模型:Y=-1.151+0.618*X1-0.455*X3-0.398*X5+0.410*X13+0.394*X16+0.386*X21+0.321*X25+0.587*X27-0.538*X35 M1
M1对聚集肽的识别正确利率为74.1%,灵敏度为0.767,特异度为0.722,马修斯相关系数为0.483,留一法交互验证的识别正确率为71.9%,灵敏度 为0.759,特异度为0.691,马修斯相关系数为0.444。
b)肽的设计;
根据M1模型,X1为第1残基的疏水特征,X3为第1残基的体积特征,X5为第1残基的局部柔性,X13为第3残基的疏水特征,X16为第3残基的构成特征,X21为第4残基的体积性质。X25为第5残基的疏水特征,X27为第5残基的体积性质,X35为第6残基的局部柔性对于肽的聚集行为具有显著影响作用。以120个肽样本中具有最高亲和性的肽为模板,该肽的氨基酸序列为:氨基端-GTVLFM-羧基端。根据模型M1设计10个具有更高亲和性的肽,参见表2。
表2 根据模型M1设计的10个具有最高得分的肽
c)肽的合成;
在ABI-431A固相自动肽合成仪中合成肽。具体过程如下:采用标准Fmoc方案,起始选用0.0125mmol,PSC树脂(ABI公司生产,批号A5F013),按照权利要求1所述的序列特征,使肽链从C端逐个向N端延伸,各氨基酸的用量为0.1mmol,各种氨基酸保护基团是:各氨基酸的alpha氨基Pmoc保护,其余侧链保护基团,Arg(Mtr),Tyr(tBu),Thr(tBu),Asp(OtBu),对 于生物素基和十八酰基团的修饰,Fmoc-Lys(biotin)-OH和十八酸分别连接到肽的C末端和N末端。每步缩合都加入HoBT/Dcc活化保护氨基酸的羧基。每步缩合用含有20%六氢吡啶的NMP溶液去除Fmoc保护基,肽侧链合成后,按照ABI公司推荐的步骤,将含树脂的肽链加入处于冰浴条件下的的混合反应液中,反应液的成分:结晶苯酸0.75g,酒石酸乙二胺(EDT)0.25ml,苯硫基甲烷0.5ml,去离子水0.5ml,三氟乙酸10ml。在室温条件下持续搅拌,反应时间为4.5小时,把肽链从树枝上裂解下来,同时去除多种保护基团。将混合液经4G的玻璃滤器过滤,以滤掉切下的树脂和保护集团,并用三氟乙酸冲洗反应瓶和滤器,将滤液在常温下低压蒸发至1-2ml,加乙醚50ml,使多肽沉淀后,经6G滤器过滤后,冷冻干燥,所得便是肽产品。所合成肽经过RP-HPLC纯化,纯度达到95%,并经TOF-MS鉴定结构。
d)肽对Aβ抑制作用的原子力显微镜扫描实验;
用单光束硅悬臂探测器,在轻敲模式(Tapping Mode)模式下测定,至少扫描4个区域以确保结构正确采样。图1为新设计肽IYVLIY对Aβ抑制作用的原子力显微镜扫描结果,经对比看出,经过7天,IYVLIY对Aβ具有明显的抑制作用。此肽可以作为Aβ聚集抑制剂,其序列为:氨基端-IYVLIY-羧基端。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并不用于限制本发明,显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (1)
1.一种Aβ聚集抑制剂,其特征在于它的氨基酸序列为:氨基端-IYVLIY-羧基端。
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Cited By (4)
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CN103910781A (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-09 | 重庆大学 | 一种Aβ聚集抑制剂 |
CN107474114A (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-15 | 梁凯睿 | 一种可自结合且对淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)具有解聚作用的多肽 |
CN104231053B (zh) * | 2013-06-08 | 2017-12-26 | 国家纳米科学中心 | 调节β淀粉样蛋白生理毒性的多肽 |
CN107652357A (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-02 | 梁凯睿 | 一种可自结合且对淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)具有解聚作用的多肽 |
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2011
- 2011-02-25 CN CN2011100459146A patent/CN102180947A/zh active Pending
Cited By (7)
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CN104231053B (zh) * | 2013-06-08 | 2017-12-26 | 国家纳米科学中心 | 调节β淀粉样蛋白生理毒性的多肽 |
CN103910781A (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-09 | 重庆大学 | 一种Aβ聚集抑制剂 |
CN103910781B (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-02-17 | 重庆大学 | 一种Aβ聚集抑制剂 |
CN107474114A (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-12-15 | 梁凯睿 | 一种可自结合且对淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)具有解聚作用的多肽 |
CN107652357A (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-02 | 梁凯睿 | 一种可自结合且对淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)具有解聚作用的多肽 |
CN107652357B (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2021-01-01 | 梁凯睿 | 一种可自结合且对淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)具有解聚作用的多肽 |
CN107474114B (zh) * | 2017-09-22 | 2021-01-01 | 梁凯睿 | 一种可自结合且对淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)具有解聚作用的多肽 |
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