Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of servo turntable angular acceleration self-adapting measuring method; Adopted that precision is high, the Piezoelectric Angular Accelerometer direct measured angular acceleration signal of stable performance; Use DSP and constitute auto-adaptive fir filter; And measuring-signal carried out auto adapted filtering and Error processing, it is complicated to solve the angular acceleration signal measuring method, and the problem that measuring error is bigger than normal, precision is not high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of servo turntable angular acceleration self-adapting measuring method, includes: angular accelerometer, A/D modular converter, DSP filtration module, computing machine; It is characterized in that concrete grammar is following: established angle accelerometer on servo turntable at first; The angular acceleration of the direct measurement of inductance servo-drive system of angular accelerometer; The corresponding DC voltage V of angular acceleration signal a of output and servo-drive system; And be directly inputted to the A/D modular converter and carry out A/D conversion, will change digitized voltage signal again and input to the DSP filtration module, by the auto-adaptive fir filter of DSP realization based on the LMS algorithm; And the automatic adaptation FIR filtering and the error correction of completion angular acceleration signal; According to given " the input angle acceleration a-output voltage V " linear corresponding relation of angular accelerometer, the angular acceleration signal of handling is demarcated conversion again, and then realize the adaptive measuring of servo turntable angular acceleration signal.
Described angular accelerometer is selected CJ41A-2E type Piezoelectric Angular Accelerometer for use, measurement range: (100~+ 100) (°)/s
2, WV: ± 15 V, output voltage :-8 V~+ 8 V, interface adopt J14A-9ZJB type socket.
Described A/D modular converter adopts ADS1210 chip, 24 sigma-delta type A/D converters of dynamic range.
Described DSP filtration module is to be core with the TMS320LF2407 chip.
Described auto-adaptive fir filter is 32 rank, and structure adopts the lateral type wave filter.
Described error correcting method is following: after the angular accelerometer Installation and Debugging finish, according to measurement range, set one group of standard angle accekeration a according to the height of servo turntable dynamic perfromance<sub >Mark</sub>, respectively with real-time measurement values a<sub >Survey</sub>Compare to analyze and find that systematic measurement error changes along with the change of angular acceleration values,, draw error size and scope: 1) according to the relation of the error between standard value and the measured value<img file="486713DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF" he="23" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="23" />≤30 °/s<sup >2</sup>, systematic error e=0.0002 °/s<sup >2</sup>2) 30<<img file="223725DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF" he="23" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="23" />≤50 °/s<sup >2</sup>, systematic error e=0.0005 °/s<sup >2</sup>3)<img file="278269DEST_PATH_IMAGE002.GIF" he="23" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="23" >50 °/s<sup >2</sup>, systematic error e=0.0008 °/s<sup >2</sup>After automatic adaptation FIR filtering is accomplished, can be according to the height of turntable dynamic perfromance, that is the size of angular acceleration values comes the selecting system error amount, and then compensation measurement (<img file="114638DEST_PATH_IMAGE004.GIF" he="34" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="51" />), realize the adaptive error correction.
Good effect of the present invention is: because the present invention has avoided measuring error and calculating noise in the indirect calculation angular acceleration process; And digitized angular acceleration signal is carried out auto adapted filtering handle and error correction; And then the adaptive measuring of realization angular acceleration signal; Improve the measurement result of acceleration signal, improved measuring accuracy.Resulting angular acceleration signal can be used as feed-forward control signals and sends servo-control mechanism to, also can be used for monitoring the dynamic property of servo turntable, has positive effect for the research of photoelectric follow-up servo control technique.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of servo turntable angular acceleration self-adapting measuring method includes: angular accelerometer, A/D modular converter, DSP filtration module, computing machine.
Angular accelerometer is selected CJ41A-2E type Piezoelectric Angular Accelerometer for use, measurement range: (100~+ 100) (°)/s
2, WV: ± 15 V, output voltage :-8 V~+ 8 V, interface adopt J14A-9ZJB type socket, and contact distributes like table 1.A/D converter adopts the ADS1210 chip; It is a 24 sigma-delta type A/D converters with high precision, wide dynamic range; Has the chip self-correcting function; Chip integration has become a series of functions such as analog switch in the traditional discrete data acquisition channel, sampling maintenance, signal amplification, takies that mouthful line is few, precision is high, and various parameters are adjustable to adapt to the varying input signal requirement.DSP adopts the TMS320LF2407 chip; This chip adopts static CMOS technology of high-performance and improved Harvard structure; Have very high real-time control and arithmetic capability, the software algorithm of angular acceleration information processing will be cured to the TMS320LF2407 chip and realize the auto adapted filtering and the Error processing of angular acceleration signal to support the DSP filtration module.Computing machine adopts and grinds magnificent 610 type industrial control computers, is used for the monitoring angle acceleration signal, and realizes the servocontrol to the photoelectric tracking platform.
Table 1 J14A-9ZJB type receptacle contact distributes
The contact definition |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6、7、8、9 |
Function |
+15V |
-15V |
Ground |
Output |
Self-test signal |
Empty |
The installation bottom surface of angular accelerometer and the installed surface of photoelectricity servo turntable track frame are rigidly connected; The side group face of angular accelerometer and the side group face of track frame are adjacent to; To reduce alignment error, the direction of arrow shown in the angular accelerometer housing nameplate is judged by right-hand screw rule.Under the driving of motor, the servo turntable track frame produces motion in orientation and two planes of pitching, and angular accelerometer directly measurement of inductance arrives real-time angular acceleration information a, and output dc voltage V.It is that the A/D modular converter of core carries out the A/D conversion that the d. c. voltage signal of angular accelerometer output is transferred to the ADS1210 chip; Digital quantity by the output of A/D modular converter is sent to the DSP filtration module; With the TMS320LF2407 chip is the auto-adaptive fir filter of the DSP filtration module realization of core based on the LMS algorithm; Completion is to the adaptive digital filtering and the error correction of measured angular acceleration signal; The digital quantity of handling well promptly can be exchanged into actual angular acceleration signal measured value according to angular accelerometer " input angle acceleration a-output voltage V " linear corresponding relation again; Promptly accomplished the adaptive measuring of servo turntable angular acceleration, like Fig. 4, the angular acceleration values of output can read, monitor through computing machine at last.
The direct measurement of angular acceleration: according to dielectric piezoelectric effect; As long as calculate the induced voltage of piezoelectric element and the relation between the angular acceleration; Just can angular acceleration be converted into voltage output, typical piezoelectric formula angular acceleration transducer principle such as Fig. 2, the displacement of mass can be responded to angular acceleration; Piezoelectric sensing element can convert the displacement induction of mass into voltage; Voltage after preposition amplification, the promptly exportable voltage signal that can characterize angular acceleration information, the measurement effect of piezoelectric type angular acceleration transducer depends primarily on characteristics such as the piezoelectric modulus of piezoelectric, electric charge and voltage sensitivity.
Choose CJ41A-2E type angular accelerometer, this type angular accelerometer integrated level is good, reliability is high, easy for installation, but direct output of DC current is pressed the angular acceleration signal of expression.CJ41A-2E type angular accelerometer principle of work such as Fig. 3; Because driving circuit is to the Sensitive Apparatus effect; Make beam that the vibration of making uniform amplitude under the frequency arranged within it, when the angular velocity input was arranged on the sensitive direction of beam, the voltage signal that sensor amplifier will be read on the transducer (piezoelectric patches) amplified; Through the detuner demodulation; Just can detect the signal that causes by inertial force, the voltage signal that acquisition is directly proportional with input angular velocity, angular velocity signal can obtain angular acceleration signal behind differentiating circuit.Angular accelerometer is selected to finish, and can directly be installed on the photoelectricity servo turntable track frame, and Installation and Debugging finish, and get final product the angular acceleration signal of direct measurement of inductance servo turntable.
The auto adapted filtering of angular acceleration signal and error correction: because angular accelerometer is measured the acceleration of output is analog voltage signal, needs signal is carried out necessary signal condition, A/D conversion, to obtain the digitizing angular acceleration signal.By the measurement range (100~+ 100) of angular acceleration °/s
2Be not more than 0.02 °/s with threshold value
2Can draw, make its maximality of angular accelerometer performance be at least 10000 scales by required range, can confirm the required minimum precision of A/D conversion thus.Consider the interference of various factors, select 24 high-performance A/D converter spare ADS1210 chip for use, get its high 16 bit data and deliver to the DSP filtration module.
In the measuring process of angular acceleration signal; Because the influence of factors such as sensor self performance, electromagnetic interference (EMI), A/D conversion accuracy, data transmission; Can mix the high frequency clutter and the noise signal that cause thus in the measuring-signal; Analyze the model of also confirming these influence factors and be difficult to, and they also are dynamic changes to the form that influences and the intensity of measuring-signal, understand along with the variation of the dynamic perfromance of servo turntable and Measuring Time and change.Through analyzing; We find to adopt the wave filter of conventional fixed parameter can only eliminate the part interference noise; Measurement effect is very undesirable, for this reason, and for accuracy and the real-time that improves measuring-signal; We adopt auto-adaptive fir filter that digitized angular acceleration measuring-signal is carried out necessary auto adapted filtering and handle and the error compensation correction adaptive filtration theory such as Fig. 5.Auto adapted filtering processing and error correction to measuring-signal are to realize through the DSP filtration module that has solidified software algorithm.
Sef-adapting filter is made up of filter construction and adaptive algorithm two parts of adjustment filter coefficient, and the characteristic variations of sef-adapting filter is realized through the adjustment filter coefficient by adaptive algorithm.For this reason, we have designed the auto-adaptive fir filter on 32 rank, and the FIR filter construction adopts the lateral type wave filter, like Fig. 6.In order to reduce the complicacy of measuring method; Strengthen practicality; Adopt lowest mean square (LMS) algorithm as adaptive algorithm; This algorithm is to be the iterative algorithm of principle with the fastest descent method; Basic ideas are expectation
minimums that make the square value of ideal signal
and poor
that wave filter is exported
; And coming power of amendment coefficient
in view of the above, error mean square
is expressed as:
.Wave filter for the lateral type structure; The expression formula of substitution
also adopts iterative algorithm to ask the best weights coefficient, and iterative formula is:
is input signal; 2 moment before and after
and
expression;
;
is the exponent number of wave filter;
,
are respectively the coefficient values before and after the iteration;
is a gain constant that is used to control adaptive speed and stability, also is converging factor;
is error signal.LMS algorithm adjustment weight coefficient is simple; Do not need square operation and statistics square operation; Be next constantly weight vector
equal current weight vector
and add a correction; This correction is the weighted value of error signal
; Weighting coefficient is
; Be proportional to current input signal; Concerning the institute of the valuation of weight vector was important, error signal
was identical.
is used for the step parameter of control stiffness and speed of convergence; In the auto adapted filtering operation of reality; Must be noted that the selection of adaptive step
; For guaranteeing the stability of adaptive process;
must satisfy
, and wherein
is power input.
We are that hardware carrier has been realized the automatic adaptation FIR filtering based on the LMS algorithm with the TMS320LF2407 chip in the DSP filtration module, DSP realization flow such as Fig. 7, and whole process mainly comprises three phases:
1) initialization of related operation unit, register, address pointer and the variable before the filtering operation;
2) according to the input the sampled value calculating filter output and obtain error;
3) upgrade filter parameter according to the iterative formula of LMS algorithm, have to forward the circulation of second step to after the new sampling input and carry out.
After the angular accelerometer Installation and Debugging finish, because its working environment is relatively stable, so relatively stable in a certain dynamic range by determined systematic measurement errors of factor such as himself measuring accuracy, electromagnetic environments.According to measurement range, set one group of standard angle accekeration a according to the height of servo turntable dynamic perfromance<sub >Mark</sub>, respectively with real-time measurement values a<sub >Survey</sub>Compare to analyze and find that systematic measurement error changes along with the change of angular acceleration values,, draw error size and scope: 1) according to the relation of the error between standard value and the measured value<img file="DEST_PATH_IMAGE025.GIF" he="23" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="23" />≤30 °/s<sup >2</sup>, systematic error e=0.0002 °/s<sup >2</sup>2) 30<<img file="281286DEST_PATH_IMAGE025.GIF" he="23" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="23" />≤50 °/s<sup >2</sup>, systematic error e=0.0005 °/s<sup >2</sup>3)<img file="96796DEST_PATH_IMAGE025.GIF" he="23" img-content="drawing" img-format="GIF" inline="no" orientation="portrait" wi="23" >50 °/s<sup >2</sup>, systematic error e=0.0008 °/s<sup >2</sup>After auto adapted filtering is accomplished; Can be according to the height of turntable dynamic perfromance; That is the size of angular acceleration values is come the selecting system error amount; And then compensation measurement (<img file=" 509322DEST_PATH_IMAGE026.GIF " he=" 34 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 51 " />), realize the adaptive error correction.
The output of angular acceleration signal: according to CJ41A-2E type angular accelerometer " input angle acceleration a-output voltage V " linear corresponding relation; Like Fig. 8; Can convert the angular acceleration that characterizes with voltage after auto adapted filtering processing and the error correction into actual angular acceleration values and output, promptly accomplish the adaptive measuring of servo turntable angular acceleration.
Under laboratory environment; When servo turntable angular acceleration during according to
rule conversion; Measurement result such as Fig. 9; Measured value is that angular accelerometer records original signal, modified value for the original measurement signal through the output valve after auto adapted filtering and the Error processing.When servo turntable rotates according to the angular acceleration rule, in two cycles, choose 40 measured values, result such as Figure 10, curve are theoretical value, asterism is adaptive measurement output valve.
The measurement data of practical implementation of the present invention is following:
Table 2 (negativeacceleration)
Standard value (°/s
2)(-)
|
5 |
15 |
25 |
35 |
45 |
55 |
Voltage V (volt) (-) |
0.4001 |
1.2012 |
2.0004 |
2.8 |
3.6003 |
4.4006 |
Measured value (°/s
2)(-)
|
5.001 |
15.015 |
25.005 |
35.000 |
45.004 |
55.007 |
Standard value (°/s
2)(-)
|
65 |
75 |
85 |
95 |
100 |
Voltage V (volt) (-) |
5.201 |
6.0001 |
6.8004 |
7.6008 |
8.0003 |
Measured value (°/s
2)(-)
|
65.013 |
75.011 |
85.005 |
95.010 |
100.004 |
Table 3 (positive acceleration)
Standard value (°/s
2)(+)
|
0 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
Voltage V (volt) (+) |
0.001 |
0.8003 |
1.6015 |
2.4008 |
3.2003 |
3.9968 |
Measured value (°/s
2)(+)
|
0 |
10.004 |
20.019 |
30.010 |
40.004 |
49.996 |
Standard value (°/s
2)(+)
|
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
Voltage V (volt) (+) |
4.8006 |
5.6002 |
6.4014 |
7.2007 |
8.0002 |
Measured value (°/s
2)(+)
|
60.008 |
70.002 |
80.017 |
90.009 |
100.002 |