CN102175723A - Distributed crack sensor based on coaxial cable - Google Patents
Distributed crack sensor based on coaxial cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN102175723A CN102175723A CN2011100271211A CN201110027121A CN102175723A CN 102175723 A CN102175723 A CN 102175723A CN 2011100271211 A CN2011100271211 A CN 2011100271211A CN 201110027121 A CN201110027121 A CN 201110027121A CN 102175723 A CN102175723 A CN 102175723A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0025—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of elongated objects, e.g. pipes, masts, towers or railways
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0033—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0091—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by using electromagnetic excitation or detection
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Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed crack sensor based on a coaxial cable, belonging to the technical field of an engineering structure safety monitoring. The distributed crack sensor provided by the invention is characterized in that a metal conductor core on the inner layer, an insulating layer in the middle, the metal conductor layer provided with a weak link (such as sunk weak threads, dot mode weak threads and the like) and a surface anticorrosive material are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the weak threads are machined by applying the rotation advancing traction to the coaxial cable and simultaneously utilizing a drill to carve grooves on an outer conductor layer or utilizing a puncher to continuously punch on the outer conductor layer; the depth and pitch of the weak threads select different numerical values according to the requirements of the structure on the test sensitivity and the space resolution; and when cracks are monitored, the attenuation signals which are generated because of the crack modulation of the coaxial cable are obtained through an electric time domain reflectometer to determine the occurrence position and expansion degree of the cracks. The sensor provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the sensor is a coaxial cable distributed crack sensor provided with weak threads, the structure is simple, the durability is good, the crack monitoring scale is large, and a structural damage memory function is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering structure safety monitoring technology field, relate to the damage monitoring sensor of structure behavior, specially refer to a kind of abominable Service Environment based on concentric cable with distributed crackle (or big strain) monitoring sensor.
Background technology
Crackle is the direct indicator that characterizes structural damage and safe condition, takes effective means that it is monitored reliably and with long-term with early warning and has important practical significance in the structural safety field.The crackle means of testing that adopts during engineering is used at present mainly comprises: displacement transducer (LVDT), strain testing conversion, ocular estimate etc., and traditional Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement, comprise non-contact testing and the penetration testing methods such as dodging spot, white light sudden strain of a muscle spot, laser and CCD sheared.Said method have can't the implementation structure crackle fatal shortcoming such as higher, the operating difficulties of real-time distributed monitoring, cost, especially be unsuitable for abominable Service Environment, can't satisfy actual requirement of engineering.At the problems referred to above that exist in the crack monitoring process, relevant abroad in recent years scholar adopts concentric cable tentatively to realize the real-time distributed monitoring of structural crack and big strain as sensor based on electric Time Domain Reflectometry (ETDR, Electrical Time Domain Reflectometry) technology.The test philosophy of ETDR is: pulse producer is sent into transmission line (as concentric cable etc.) as pumping signal with electric pulse, by transmission line theory as can be known, electric pulse runs into impedance when discontinuous along transmission line, can produce reflex at the impedance variation place, by reflected signal is carried out sample analysis, just can draw the resistance value and the position of impedance point of discontinuity.The people such as Mark W.Lin of U.S. Clarke Atlanta university directly are deployed in engineering structure as sensor the concentric cable of commercialization based on this principle, concentric cable generator tool deformation under the crackle effect causes impedance to change and then reflects crack position and degree of expansion, tentatively realized the detection of engineering structure crackle, but there are shortcomings such as reflected signal is faint, sensitivity is low, can't satisfy the testing requirement of large scale engineering structure fine crack.In order to improve the crackle measurement sensitivity of concentric cable sensor, people such as the Genda Chen of Missouri, USA university adopt the mode of directly twining sheet metal at the outer manual spiral of coaxial cable insulated layer that the outer conductor layer of concentric cable is improved, the sheet metal of adjacent winding is close together, when treating that strain (or crackle) appears in geodesic structure, this place's adjacent metal thin slice will be drawn back, cause the impedance of concentric cable to change and then reflect crack information (2008, Genda Chen, United States Patent (USP), numbering 7421910B2).The sensitivity of this sensor than people's such as Mark W.Lin raising 10 to 50 times.But because it adopts the mode that manual spiral twines to make concentric cable sensor outer conductor layer, exist to twine sheet metal loose contact, medium and disturb big, signal attenuation to cause Validity Test greatly, can't realize applying of industrialization production and actual engineering apart from problem such as fragile in weak point, preservative treatment difficulty and the laying process.At present, do not see that its achievement uses on actual engineering.
More than studies show that, can effectively improve the sensor detection sensitivity and increase the crack monitoring yardstick by changing coaxial cable outer conductor layer structure, and then be expected to the distributed monitoring of implementation structure crackle.And how the outer conductor layer structure is improved, become the key issue that can distributed coax cable crack sensor satisfy actual engineering test needs.Given this, the applicant avoids other people critical defect, proposition is made weak link on concentric cable metal outer conductor layer, as directly scribing the weak screw thread of spill, the weak screw thread of point type etc., solve the shortcoming of present international patent of invention well, be expected to realize the through engineering approaches application of distributed coax cable crack sensor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of good endurance, crackle (or big strain) monitoring yardstick big, have structural damage memory function, transmission range big, lay convenient, with low cost distributed crack sensor based on concentric cable, solved the technical bottleneck of the real-time distributed monitoring of structural crack.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of distributed crack sensor based on concentric cable is followed successively by the metallic conductor core of internal layer, middle insulation course, the metal outer conductor layer (as the weak screw thread that caves in, the weak screw thread of point type etc.) and the surface anticorrosion material of band weak link from inside to outside.
The present invention also has some feature technologies like this:
1) the weak screw thread of described depression is by concentric cable being applied the traction of rotation protrusive, utilizing drill bit to scribe groove simultaneously on the coaxial cable outer conductor layer and process;
2) the weak screw thread of described point type is by concentric cable being applied the traction of rotation protrusive, utilizing tapping and plugging machine continuous perforation processing on the coaxial cable outer conductor layer to form simultaneously;
3) degree of depth of scribing of the weak screw thread of described depression is chosen different numerical value according to engineering structure to the requirement of measurement sensitivity and spatial resolution with the punching spacing of flight pitch and the weak screw thread of point type.
Test job is achieved in that the sensor is deployed in the structure, obtains the deamplification that concentric cable is produced by the crackle modulation by electric domain reflectometer.Specifically, send an electric pulse by electric domain reflectometer and import sensor into, when treating that crackle appears in geodesic structure, the collaborative deformation of weak screw thread on the outer conductor layer and crackle is drawn back changes impedance, cause a part of pulse signal to be reflected, can determine crackle occurrence positions and degree of expansion to the analysis of reflected signal by electric domain reflectometer.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are the distributed crack sensors of concentric cable that has weak screw thread, not only given full play to the high sensitivity characteristic of helical structure, and eliminated effectively that winding loose contact, outer conductor layer structure that manual winding etc. brings are inhomogeneous to reach problem such as fragile in the laying process greatly with signal attenuation crack monitoring.And, because weak screw thread can be drawn back not easy fracture by spiral under the effect of large scale crackle, improved the military service performance of sensor greatly, really realized the distributed measurement of large scale crackle.In addition, this screw thread scribe the degree of depth, flight pitch and the punching spacing can be regulated arbitrarily, can be according to actual demands of engineering, the key position that is prone to crackle can corresponding increase screw thread scribe the degree of depth, increase punch density and reduce measurement sensitivity and the spatial resolution that technologies such as flight pitch improve key position.That the present invention has is simple in structure, with low cost, be easy to advantages such as industrialization production, can be widely used in structural safety monitoring engineerings such as bridge, tunnel, dam body and skyscraper.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the distributed crack sensor synoptic diagram based on concentric cable of the present invention: the weak screw thread (a) is the weak screw thread of depression; (b) the weak screw thread in is the weak screw thread of point type.
Fig. 2 is the distributed crack sensor diagrammatic cross-section based on concentric cable of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the distributed crack sensor schematic cross-section based on concentric cable of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the distributed crack sensor test synoptic diagram based on concentric cable of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1 inner wire; 2 insulation courses; 3 outer conductors; 4 weak screw threads; 5 anticorrosive paints; 6 tail end protective jackets.
Embodiment
Be described in detail specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
Distributed crack sensor structure based on concentric cable of the present invention constitutes as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, and this sensor comprises: 1 inner wire; 2 insulation courses; 3 outer conductors; 4 weak screw threads; 5 anticorrosive paints; 6 tail end protective jackets.Wherein, inner wire can adopt gold, silver, copper, aluminium etc. to have the metal material of satisfactory electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity; Outer conductor can adopt copper, aluminium etc. to have better corrosion stability and be easy to carry out the metal material of pressure processing; The weak screw thread that caves in is by concentric cable being applied the traction of rotation protrusive, utilizing drill bit to scribe groove simultaneously on the coaxial cable outer conductor layer and process; The weak screw thread of point type is by concentric cable being applied the traction of rotation protrusive, utilizing tapping and plugging machine continuous perforation processing on the coaxial cable outer conductor layer to form simultaneously; The punching spacing of scribing the degree of depth and flight pitch and the weak screw thread of point type of weak screw thread of caving in is chosen different numerical value according to engineering structure to the requirement of measurement sensitivity and spatial resolution; Sensor surface anticorrosion with painting coating is protected, and prevents wrong report or inefficacy that sensor causes because of corrosion in the process under arms; The sensor tail end adopts insulating material to carry out packaging protection, prevents the influence that structure infiltration factor etc. is brought sense line.
Distributed coax cable crack sensor crack monitoring synoptic diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, concrete method of testing is: at first sensor is deployed to and treats to be connected with electric domain reflectometer in the geodesic structure and with sensor, make up distributed crack monitoring system.Then, send an electric pulse by electric domain reflectometer and import sensor into.When treating that crackle appears in geodesic structure, the collaborative deformation of weak screw thread and crackle is drawn back by spiral impedance is changed, and causes a part of pulse signal to be reflected, and by electric domain reflectometer crackle occurrence positions and degree of expansion is determined in the analysis of reflected signal.Signal has reflected the position of crackle generation two-way time:
In the formula,
Be the speed that pulse signal transmits in concentric cable, c is the light velocity in the vacuum, and ε is the relative dielectric constant of coaxial cable insulated layer, and t is the two-way time of pulse signal from transmitting terminal to the crackle nidus.The size of reflection coefficient has reflected the degree of expansion of crackle:
In the formula, U
+Be incident voltage amplitude, U
-Be the reflected voltage amplitude, Z is the impedance of crackle nidus, Z
0Impedance for concentric cable.
Claims (4)
1. the distributed crack sensor based on concentric cable is characterized in that: be followed successively by the metallic conductor core of internal layer, middle insulation course, the metal outer conductor layer and the surface anticorrosion material of band weak link from inside to outside; During the structural crack monitoring, the sensor is deployed in the structure, obtains concentric cable by electric domain reflectometer and be subjected to the deamplification of crackle modulation generation to determine crackle occurrence positions and degree of expansion.
2. a kind of distributed crack sensor according to claim 1 based on concentric cable, it is characterized in that: the weak screw thread of described depression is by concentric cable being applied the traction of rotation protrusive, utilizing drill bit to scribe groove simultaneously on the coaxial cable outer conductor layer and process.
3. a kind of distributed crack sensor according to claim 1 based on concentric cable, it is characterized in that: the weak screw thread of described point type is by concentric cable being applied the traction of rotation protrusive, utilizing tapping and plugging machine continuous perforation processing on the coaxial cable outer conductor layer to form simultaneously.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described a kind of distributed crack sensors based on concentric cable, it is characterized in that: the degree of depth of scribing of the weak screw thread of described depression is chosen different numerical value according to engineering structure to the requirement of measurement sensitivity and spatial resolution with the punching spacing of flight pitch and the weak screw thread of point type.
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| CN2011100271211A CN102175723A (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Distributed crack sensor based on coaxial cable |
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| CN2011100271211A CN102175723A (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2011-01-18 | Distributed crack sensor based on coaxial cable |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103033124A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-10 | 大连理工大学 | Coaxial strain sensor filled with discontinuous media |
| CN103398730A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-20 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Sensor based on coaxial bragg grid |
| CN103499274A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-08 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Coaxial cable sensor and production method and use method thereof |
| CN104819685A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-05 | 长安大学 | Landslide monitoring device based on TDR technology and landslide monitoring method thereof |
| CN105572329A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 大连理工大学 | Concrete crack scale distance adaptive monitoring method |
| CN105788749A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-20 | 大连理工大学 | Intelligent photoelectric composite cable for monitoring local large deformation of structure and monitoring method |
| CN105937884A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-14 | 东莞理工学院 | Strain sensor based on two-dimensional coaxial Bragg structure |
| CN106054788A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-10-26 | 徐涛 | Secondary water supply remote automatic monitoring system |
| CN106152929A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-23 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Distributed coax cable strain sensor based on cavity reflection and preparation method thereof |
| CN106152982A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-23 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Distributed coax cable strain sensor of tunable reflectivity and preparation method thereof |
| CN106197486A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of construction method of miter gate's optical fiber crack sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4183010A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1980-01-08 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Pressure compensating coaxial line hydrophone and method |
| US20060086197A1 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-27 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Strain sensitive coax cable sensors for monitoring structures |
| CN101017156A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2007-08-15 | 山东电力研究院 | Method for detecting microcrack of high temperature furnace inner wall of furnace and device therefor |
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2011
- 2011-01-18 CN CN2011100271211A patent/CN102175723A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4183010A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1980-01-08 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Pressure compensating coaxial line hydrophone and method |
| US20060086197A1 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-27 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Strain sensitive coax cable sensors for monitoring structures |
| US7421910B2 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2008-09-09 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Strain sensitive coax cable sensors for monitoring structures |
| CN101017156A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2007-08-15 | 山东电力研究院 | Method for detecting microcrack of high temperature furnace inner wall of furnace and device therefor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT》 20090831 shishuang sun et al. A Novel TDR-Based Coaxial Cable Sensor for Crack/Strain Sensing in Reinforced Concrete Structures 第2714-2724页 1-4 第58卷, 第8期 * |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103033124A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-10 | 大连理工大学 | Coaxial strain sensor filled with discontinuous media |
| CN103033124B (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2015-10-28 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of coaxial strain transducer being filled with discontinuous media |
| CN103398730A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-20 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Sensor based on coaxial bragg grid |
| CN103499274A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-01-08 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Coaxial cable sensor and production method and use method thereof |
| CN103499274B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2017-02-15 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Coaxial cable sensor and production method and use method thereof |
| CN104819685A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-05 | 长安大学 | Landslide monitoring device based on TDR technology and landslide monitoring method thereof |
| CN106152929A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-23 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Distributed coax cable strain sensor based on cavity reflection and preparation method thereof |
| CN106152982A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-11-23 | 华滋奔腾（苏州）安监仪器有限公司 | Distributed coax cable strain sensor of tunable reflectivity and preparation method thereof |
| CN105788749A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-07-20 | 大连理工大学 | Intelligent photoelectric composite cable for monitoring local large deformation of structure and monitoring method |
| CN105572329A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 大连理工大学 | Concrete crack scale distance adaptive monitoring method |
| CN105937884A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-09-14 | 东莞理工学院 | Strain sensor based on two-dimensional coaxial Bragg structure |
| CN106197486A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of construction method of miter gate's optical fiber crack sensor |
| CN106197486B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-08-31 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of construction method of miter gate's optical fiber crack sensor |
| CN106054788A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-10-26 | 徐涛 | Secondary water supply remote automatic monitoring system |
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Application publication date: 20110907 |