CN102175702B - Online detecting device of coal components - Google Patents

Online detecting device of coal components Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102175702B
CN102175702B CN2011100022825A CN201110002282A CN102175702B CN 102175702 B CN102175702 B CN 102175702B CN 2011100022825 A CN2011100022825 A CN 2011100022825A CN 201110002282 A CN201110002282 A CN 201110002282A CN 102175702 B CN102175702 B CN 102175702B
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deuterium
coal
neutron
neutron generator
lanthanum bromide
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CN102175702A (en
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贾文宝
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Abstract

The invention relates to an online detecting device of coal components, wherein the online detecting device and a conveyor belt of a coal sample are installed together. The detecting device provided by the invention comprises an electrically-controllable deuterium neutron generator, a graphite reflecting body, a moderating body, a boracic polyethylene protective block, a lanthanum bromide detector, a temperature control system, a lead absorption sleeve, a shielding protective body, an amplifier, a multi-channel analyzer, a data processing system, an industrial personal computer, a data display system and a remote login system, wherein the neutrons which are generated by the small-sized electrically-controllable deuterium neutron generator with 2.5MeV are irradiated to coal streams which pass through the conveyor belt; the neutrons are in nuclear reaction with the main nuclide in the coal streams to generate characteristic gamma rays; and all the main nuclide in the coal can be detected in an online mode according to the properties of the characteristic gamma rays, thereby analyzing the water, ash components and heat values in the coal. The online detecting device provided by the invention is not influenced by the coal type and the dimension of granules and can carry out the real-time online detection on the element components in all the coal steams and industrial characteristic indexes.

Description

A kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal constituent detection technique field, relate to nuclear technology, utilize neutron technology to detect coal constituent, be a kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device.
Background technology
At present, in various Measurement and analysis, nuclear technology is as a routine techniques.The lot of advantages that it has other analytical technology not have because neutron is not charged, has extremely strong penetration capacity, especially when neutron and material generation nuclear reaction, in the time of lacking very much (10 -10In second) send the characteristic gamma rays, thus detect the principal ingredient content of material.In recent years, use more widely based on the material component on-line measuring device of neutron technology is existing in fields such as cement, coal, ores.But all be based on the electric controlled neutron source of isotope neutron source or 14MeV; No matter whether isotope neutron source is used,, bring great inconvenience for maintenance and use all at given-ioff neutron; Add factors such as neutron source aftertreatment problem and source material anxiety, its development more and more is restricted.
The electric controlled neutron source of 14MeV is because neutron energy is high; Its protection system is very huge, no matter be that install at the scene or transportation all has very big inconvenience, add the tritium material and belongs to the nuclear control material; Belong to hypotoxicity gas, certain degree of difficulty is all arranged no matter be to use or buy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the technical problem is: the existing technologies used in the measurement and analysis of isotope Kai 14MeV neutron source and the deuterium-tritium neutron generator electrical controllable easy installation, maintenance and use of source material tense and difficult to obtain, difficult treatment.
The technical scheme of patent of the present invention is: a kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device; Be installed together with the transmission belt of coal sample; Pick-up unit comprises electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator, graphite reflecting body, slow body, contains boron polyethylene protective block, lanthanum bromide detector, temperature control system, Plumbum absorption cover, shielding protection body, amplifier, multichannel analyzer, data handling system, industrial computer and data presentation system and remote entry system; The shielding protection body is provided with the coal sample passage; Transmission belt passes the shielding protection body by the coal sample passage; Electricity controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator, graphite reflecting body, slow body, contain boron polyethylene protective block, lanthanum bromide detector, temperature control system, the Plumbum absorption cover all is arranged in the shielding protection body and be positioned at the transmission belt below; It is inner that wherein electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator is arranged on the graphite reflecting body; Graphite reflecting body and lanthanum bromide detector are arranged side by side below transmission belt, and slow body is arranged between graphite reflecting body and the transmission belt, between graphite reflecting body and the lanthanum bromide detector for containing the boron polyethylene protective block; Temperature control system is installed in the shell of lanthanum bromide detector; Lanthanum bromide detector and temperature control system are co-located in the Plumbum absorption cover, and the lanthanum bromide detector is electrically connected with amplifier, and amplifier connects multichannel analyzer, data handling system, industrial computer and data presentation system successively; The output of temperature control system connects industrial computer and data presentation system, and industrial computer is connected through telephone wire or netting twine with remote entry system with data presentation system.
Further, the lanthanum bromide detector is provided with thermal neutron outward and absorbs cover, and said thermal neutron absorbs the lithium hydride and 80% high density polyethylene that overlap by 20% and is polymerized, and thickness is between 0.7~0.8cm.
As optimal way, the distance at the neutron tube target spot of electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator and lanthanum bromide detector center is 30~32 centimetres.
The energy of the controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator of electricity is 2.5MeV, and the graphite reflecting body wall thickness around the electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator is 4cm, and slow body is the thick wear resistant polyethylene of 1cm, and transmission belt thickness is 1.2 ± 0.1cm.
Coal constituent on-line measuring device of the present invention; The neutron that utilizes electric controlled 2.5MeV deuterium deuterium portable neutron generator to produce shines through on the stream of the coal on the transport tape, with the main nucleic generation nuclear reaction in the coal stream; Produce the characteristic gamma rays; These characteristic gamma rayss are unique, just as people's fingerprint, are commonly called as the nuclear fingerprint; Utilize special sensor, collect these nuclear informations, utilize the modern mathematics analytical technology; According to the character of these characteristic gamma rayss, the whole main nucleic in just can online detection coal are in conjunction with the high frequency analytical technology; And then the moisture in the analysis coal, ash component and calorific value.Be characterized in not receiving coal, and the influence of grain size, but real-time online detects elemental composition and industrial property index in whole coal streams.In the device, the graphite reflecting body is used for the multiplication neutrons yield, and slow body is used for further slowing down fast neutron; Temperature control system is used for controlling the temperature of lanthanum bromide detector, and temperature-control circuit is directly installed on industrial computer and data presentation system, in order to A.T.C; The neutron that the controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator of electricity produces is a thermal neutron through slow body and transmission belt slowing down; Shine on the coal sample on the belt; Main nucleic generation capturing nucleus reaction with in the coal sample produces the characteristic gamma rays, is gathered by the lanthanum bromide detector of belt below.
The present invention does not receive coal, and the influence of grain size, but real-time online detects elemental composition and industrial property index in the whole coals stream, can online detection coal use department especially thermal power plant go into the industrial property index that the stove coal is gone into by factory.
The present invention utilizes electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator; Substitute isotope neutron source and electric controlled 14MeV neutron source, exist in a large number in the required deuterium seawater of deuterium deuterium neutron generator, inexhaustible; Add deuterium ion and play deuteron target, its life-span can accomplish very long in theory.Deuterium deuterium neutron generator energy is the 2.5MeV neutron, and is close with the average energy of isotope neutron source Cf, and far below the controlled deuterium tritium of electricity neutron (14MeV), so its protection body body weight and size all can reduce significantly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Apparatus of the present invention have following characteristics:
1), the present invention utilizes the controlled deuterium deuterium of small electrical neutron generator, energy is 2.5MeV, and is close with the average energy of isotope neutron source Cf, far below the controlled deuterium tritium of electricity neutron (14MeV), so its protection body body weight and size all can reduce significantly;
2), the present invention is in order effectively to improve the utilization factor of neutron, utilizes graphite as its reflecting body, the graphite with 4cm around the neutron tube of neutron generator comes reflected neutron, the utilization factor of raising neutron;
3) wear resistant polyethylene that, has designed 1cm above the neutron generator of the present invention is as slow body; Add the transmission belt of thickness 1.2 ± 0.1cm; The neutron that the controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator of electricity produces is a thermal neutron through slow body and transmission belt slowing down, shines on the coal sample on the belt;
4), the present invention utilizes state-of-the-art lanthanum bromide detector to gather nuclear information, the lanthanum bromide detector resolution is far above BGO detector and Nal detector, detection efficiency is difficult for deliquescence simultaneously between between the two, does not receive neutron damage;
5), the present invention be close to the lanthanum bromide probe designs a kind of thermal neutron absorb cover, be used for absorbing most possibly the thermal neutron that arrives detector;
6), the geometric arrangement of the present invention's design is that the target spot distance of lanthanum bromide detector center and electric controlled neutron generator is 30~32cm; Both prevented the interference of neutron effectively to detector; Can accept the characteristic gamma rays in the coal sample of surveying as much as possible again, this distance is to get through a large amount of simulations and experimental calculation;
7), the present invention fully utilized the advantage of isotope source and electric controlled deuterium tritium neutron generator, overcome the maintenance inconvenience and the aftertreatment problem of isotope neutron source, and the huge protection body problem of deuterium tritium neutron generator.Because the miniature neutron generator of electric controlled deuterium deuterium, energising given-ioff neutron just during use, not using is just not given-ioff neutron of outage; When maintenance; Outage gets final product, and has no radioactivity, adds the miniature neutron generator of deuterium deuterium and itself has no radioactivity; After equal life finishes, has no radioactive waste.And also there is a large amount of residual activities owing at every moment all send neutron in the isotope radioactive source after the equal life end, thereby maintenance inconvenience, and also need spend many expense Return To Units and carry out aftertreatment after finishing serviceable life.Because the neutron energy (14MeV) of deuterium tritium neutron generator emission far above deuterium deuterium neutron generator (2.5MeV), for effectively slowing down and absorption, needs more heavy metal and is rich in the hydrogen material to carry out slowing down and absorption; Because and the energy 2.5MeV of deuterium deuterium generator is close with the average energy of isotope neutron source californium, thereby protection body is more light and handy.In sum, utilize deuterium deuterium generator both to overcome the maintenance inconvenience and the aftertreatment problem of isotope neutron source, and the huge protection body problem of deuterium tritium neutron generator;
8) but, coal elemental composition on the present invention's real-time online detected transmission band; Because its unique design and advantage; Comprise distance between neutron generator and detector, utilized deuterium deuterium neutron generator, utilized the graphite reflecting body, utilize the lanthanum bromide detector to gather gamma-ray spectrometry, thermal neutron absorbs cover etc., has improved the measuring accuracy and the reliability of elemental composition effectively.
The present invention is further described with implementing below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1.Controlled small-sized deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 energy of electricity is 2.5MeV in apparatus of the present invention, is placed in the graphite reflecting body 2 of special construction, and graphite reflecting body 2 is used for the multiplication neutrons yield; Place the slow body 3 of special size and structure between graphite reflecting body 2 and the transmission belt 16, be used for the fast neutron of further slowing down generation; Lanthanum bromide detector 5 all is placed on the belt below with the controlled small-sized deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 of electricity; Being scattering arranges; Controlled small-sized deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 of electricity and the transmission direction of lanthanum bromide detector 5 along coal sample, the controlled small-sized deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 of electricity be preceding, lanthanum bromide detector 5 after; The centre is a boracic polyethylene blocks 4, and boracic polyethylene blocks 4 plays slowing down and intercept neutrons; The distance of detector center and neutron tube target spot is 30~32 centimetres; Lanthanum bromide detector 5 outside hard-pressed bale thermal neutrons absorb cover 6; It is to be polymerized by 20% lithium hydride and 80% high density polyethylene that this thermal neutron absorbs cover 6; Thickness is between 0.7~0.8cm, and it is certain thickness Plumbum absorption covers 8 that thermal neutron absorbs cover outside 6, realizes protection; Temperature control system 7 is directly installed on the metal shell of detector 5, is used for the temperature of control detector, and control circuit is directly installed on industrial computer and data presentation system 13, in order to A.T.C; Shielding protection body 9 is provided with the coal sample passage; Transmission belt 16 passes shielding protection body 9 by the coal sample passage, and the neutron that the controlled small-sized deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 of electricity produces is a thermal neutron through slow body 3 and transmission belt 16 slowing downs; Shine on the coal sample on the belt that passes in the middle of the shielding protection body 9 15; Main nucleic generation capturing nucleus reaction with in the coal sample 15 produces the characteristic gamma rays, is gathered by the lanthanum bromide detector 5 of belt below.Lanthanum bromide detector 5 is connected with amplifier 10 through cable; Amplifier 10 is imported multichannel analyzer 11 through cable after signal is amplified moulding; Multichannel analyzer 11 passes through cable input data processing system 12 with the power spectrum that collects; Data handling system 12 obtains various main elemental compositions and industrial property index after utilizing the modern mathematics analysis skill that power spectrum is resolved; And with these data send to industrial computer and with data presentation system 13; Data presentation system shows the coal industry characteristic index in real time, and industrial computer is connected through telephone wire or netting twine with remote entry system 14 with data presentation system 13, utilizes remote entry system regularly to carry out remote maintenance and self check.
During practical implementation of the present invention, lanthanum bromide detector 5 can be bought from detector crystal production firm, as: Proteus; Inc. or Saint Gobain, electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 can with relevant research and development unit consolidation tackling key problem, prior art promptly can realize; Amplifier 10 own exploitations also can be bought, and multichannel analyzer 11 is directly bought, like the product of Canberra company; Graphite reflecting body 2 carries out unique design according to the character of deuterium deuterium generator, and slow body 3 is made up of high density polyethylene and graphite, through the two composite design; Its slowing down effect is more satisfactory, and thickness proportion is 1: 1, and gross thickness is 2 centimetres; Near neutron generator be the graphite of 1cm, be the high density polyethylene of 1cm above the graphite.; The outside neutron absorber of detector has designed a kind of more satisfactory proportioning through lot of test and analogue simulation according to actual conditions, utilizes 20% lithium hydride and 80% polyethylene polymerization to form, and thickness is 0.7~0.8cm.
The course of work of the present invention is: device is directly installed on the transmission belt 16, and transmission belt 16 passes shielding protection body 9, and electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 and lanthanum bromide detector 5 are all below transmission belt; When the defeated coal signals of transmission belt 16 begin, start the neutron that electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator 1 produces 2.5MeV, utilize the graphite reflecting body of special construction to improve the utilization factor of neutron; After adding the slow body and transmission belt of high density polyethylene through graphite then, be slow neutron, just thermal neutron by abundant slowing down; Main nucleic generation thermal capture nuclear reaction in the coal sample on slow thermal neutron and the transport tape is sent and is sent out the characteristic gamma rays wink, and these characteristic gamma rayss are unique; Just as people's fingerprint, be commonly called as the nuclear fingerprint, be one to one with nucleic; Send out the characteristic gamma rays these winks and pass transmission belt by high performance lanthanum bromide detector 5 acceptance; These characteristic gamma signals are exaggerated device 10 and amplify the 11 collection storages of entering multichannel analyzer, send into data handling system 12 then, utilize Mathematical Method that these nuclear informations are resolved; The Mathematical Method here is a prior art, no longer details.Obtain the main nuclide composition of coal at last; Corresponding relation according to element and industrial property index; Utilize the industrial property analysis software; Elemental composition is transformed into the industrial property index, and shows reality in real time and regularly store through industrial computer and display system 13, and with these data transmission in the middle of user's management system and control system.In conjunction with the high frequency analytical technology, and then analyze moisture, ash component and the calorific value in the coal.The present invention does not receive coal, and the influence of grain size, but real-time online detects elemental composition and industrial property index in whole coal streams.

Claims (5)

1. coal constituent on-line measuring device; It is characterized in that being installed together with the transmission belt (16) of coal sample (15); Pick-up unit comprises electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1), graphite reflecting body (2), slow body (3), contains boron polyethylene protective block (4), lanthanum bromide detector (5), temperature control system (7), Plumbum absorption cover (8), shielding protection body (9), amplifier (10), multichannel analyzer (11), data handling system (12), industrial computer and data presentation system (13) and remote entry system (14); Shielding protection body (9) is provided with the coal sample passage; Transmission belt (16) passes shielding protection body (9) by the coal sample passage; Electricity controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1), graphite reflecting body (2), slow body (3), contain boron polyethylene protective block (4), lanthanum bromide detector (5), temperature control system (7), Plumbum absorption cover (8) and all be arranged in the shielding protection body (9) and be positioned at transmission belt (16) below; Wherein electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1) is arranged on graphite reflecting body (2) inside; Graphite reflecting body (2) and lanthanum bromide detector (5) are arranged side by side in transmission belt (16) below; Slow body (3) is arranged between graphite reflecting body (2) and the transmission belt (16); For containing boron polyethylene protective block (4), temperature control system (7) is installed on the shell of lanthanum bromide detector (5) between graphite reflecting body (2) and the lanthanum bromide detector (5), and lanthanum bromide detector (5) is co-located in the Plumbum absorption cover (8) with temperature control system (7); Lanthanum bromide detector (5) is electrically connected with amplifier (10); Amplifier (10) connects multichannel analyzer (11), data handling system (12), industrial computer and data presentation system (13) successively, and the output of temperature control system (7) connects industrial computer and data presentation system (13), and industrial computer is connected through telephone wire or netting twine with remote entry system (14) with data presentation system (13).
2. a kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the outer thermal neutron that is provided with of lanthanum bromide detector (5) absorbs cover (6); Said thermal neutron absorption cover (6) is polymerized by 20% lithium hydride and 80% high density polyethylene, and thickness is between 0.7~0.8cm.
3. a kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the neutron tube target spot of electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1) and the distance at lanthanum bromide detector (5) center are 30~32cm.
4. a kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device according to claim 1 and 2; The energy that it is characterized in that electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1) is 2.5MeV; Electricity controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1) graphite reflecting body (2) wall thickness on every side is 4cm; Slow body (3) is the thick wear resistant polyethylene of 1cm, and transmission belt (16) thickness is 1.2 ± 0.1cm.
5. a kind of coal constituent on-line measuring device according to claim 3; The energy that it is characterized in that electric controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1) is 2.5MeV; Electricity controlled deuterium deuterium neutron generator (1) graphite reflecting body (2) wall thickness on every side is 4cm; Slow body (3) is the thick wear resistant polyethylene of 1cm, and transmission belt (16) thickness is 1.2 ± 0.1cm.
CN2011100022825A 2010-11-22 2011-01-07 Online detecting device of coal components Expired - Fee Related CN102175702B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102175702B (en) * 2010-11-22 2012-07-04 贾文宝 Online detecting device of coal components
CN102980904A (en) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-20 长春工业大学 Double-neutron-source coal quality online analyzer
CN102608141A (en) * 2012-03-23 2012-07-25 南京龙源环保有限公司 On-line analysis device of pulsed neutron coal element content and proximate analysis indexes
CN102749345B (en) * 2012-06-19 2015-07-22 内蒙古立信测控技术有限公司 Multipoint type detection apparatus for ash content of coal
CN102841106A (en) * 2012-09-05 2012-12-26 南京威测环保科技有限公司 Transmission-type online detection device for coal characteristic indexes
CN106680019A (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-17 山东信华电力科技有限公司 On-line coal quality laser detection and analysis system
CN108051465A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-05-18 吉林大学 A kind of Atomic Absorption SpectrophotometerICP neutron activation wink sent out gamma ray deferred and combined
CN111707691A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-25 东南大学 Controllable neutron source mobile type coal component rapid detection device
CN111855702A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-10-30 东南大学 Controllable neutron source mechanism for coal composition analysis
CN114545485B (en) * 2022-02-24 2023-12-22 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院(安徽省能源实验室) Copper slag component content detection device based on neutron activation gamma energy spectrum analysis

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US6438189B1 (en) * 1998-07-09 2002-08-20 Numat, Inc. Pulsed neutron elemental on-line material analyzer
CN2496019Y (en) * 2001-09-30 2002-06-19 南京瞬发科技应用研究所 Coal sample container and coal quatity detecting apparatus therewith
CN102175702B (en) * 2010-11-22 2012-07-04 贾文宝 Online detecting device of coal components

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