A kind of preparation method of two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of waste water processing, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode.
Background technology
Dyeing waste water has characteristics such as organic concentration height, colourity height, complicated component, biodegradability difference, and modern dye species is more and more, and develop towards anti-photodissociation, anti-oxidant, biorefractory direction, the treatment of dyeing wastewater difficulty is strengthened, so dyeing waste water is emphasis and difficult point in the Industrial Wastewater Treatment always.At present, still do not have the improvement technology with universality, its governing problem is still a global difficult problem.Although there is lot of advantages in electrochemical method, at present in the middle of the processing of difficult for biological degradation organic waste water, still be subjected to the restriction of electrode materials, higher factors such as energy consumption.
At present, generally adopt titanium-base PbO
2Electrode, i.e. PbO
2/ Ti electrode, electrochemical plating are used in its preparation mostly, and this technology for preparing electrode exists titanium matrix pretreatment procedure than problems such as difficult control, electrode performance are stable inadequately, fall short of work-ing life.Therefore, generally plate the middle layer in the process of preparation electrode earlier to suppress passivation, but this process has increased electrode cost of manufacture and process complexity, and is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of passivation of matrix, also is the not high problem of processing efficiency that causes using this kind electrode pair dyeing waste water.
Based on above reason, invent the making method of the lead dioxide electrode that a kind of easy to implement, electrode performance is stable, waste water treatment efficiency is high, be assistant officer's problem to be solved in the present technique field.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming deficiency of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode, stablize, handle the not high enough problem of waste water efficient inadequately with the difficult control of electrode operation, the electrode performance that solve treatment of dyeing and printing in the prior art.
For reaching above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode: the pretreated active carbon fibrefelt is cut into small pieces, stick to the both sides of two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode with conductive resin, promptly make two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode.
The pretreatment process of wherein said activated carbon fiber felt is as follows:
After activated carbon fiber is successively passed through pre-treatment step such as alkali cleaning, pickling, poach,, standby in drying in the temperature more than 100 ℃.
Preferably, what the alkali cleaning step was used is that concentration ratio is 1: 1 a ammoniacal liquor, and what acid pickling step used is that concentration ratio is 1: 1 HNO
3Or HCl, poach step are with distillation poach 2h.
The preparation method of wherein said two-phase voluminous powder plumbic oxide combined electrode is as follows:
(a) preparation of lead powder: lead pig is made shot or lead earlier, grind in the ball mill of packing into, and air blast is oxidized to lead powder.The lead powder that makes is the two-phase body particle meal of the metallic lead of surface coverage one deck plumbous oxide then, and the oxidisability of lead powder is generally 65%~80%.
(b) preparation of two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode: at first in an amount of lead powder, add distilled water, the add-on of distilled water is to add 3-10ml in every 100g lead powder, the sulphuric acid soln vitriolic add-on that adds density again and be 1.14~1.35g/L is to add 7.5-18.4mL in every 100g lead powder, lead powder is in harmonious proportion to paste, it is online that this lotion is spread upon lead-calcium alloy, promptly gets the two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode through compacting, oven dry, electrochemical oxidation.
Preferably, the electrochemical oxidation in the described step (b) is to finish by the following method: it is 1.00~1.10g/cm that the electrode after compacting, oven dry places density
3Sulphuric acid soln in, be anode, be equipped with negative electrode stable in sulphuric acid soln that with this electrode the feeding current density is 10~20mA/cm
2Galvanic current, when electrode surface become brown stop the energising; Take out above-mentioned electrode, use distilled water flushing, oven dry promptly gets powder porous lead dioxide electrode about 30~50 ℃.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. kind electrode belongs to the two-phase porous electrode, and the real surface of electrode is long-pending to be higher than ti-supported lead dioxide electric pole far away, so reaction area increases greatly;
2. introduce the activated carbon fiber felt, the strong characterization of adsorption of activated carbon fiber felt and the high catalytic activity of two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode are combined, realized the synergistic effect of enrichment-catalytic oxidation, catalytic activity strengthens greatly, and oxidation capacity improves greatly; Because the activated carbon fiber felt has good electrical conductivity, the energy consumption of therefore handling waste water reduces greatly in addition.
3. adopt the lead-calcium alloy matrix to replace the titanium matrix, avoided the matrix problem of passivation;
4. making processes is comparatively simple, easy to implement;
5. compare with conventional treatment method of printing and dying wastewater, this method can not produce excess sludge.
6. adopt the two-phase voluminous powder plumbic oxide combined electrode of the present invention's preparation effective to treatment of dyeing wastewater.
Embodiment
The first step, the preparation of lead powder:
Lead pig is made shot or lead earlier, grind in the ball mill of packing into, and air blast is oxidized to lead powder.
Second step, the preparation of two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode:
Add distilled water earlier in the above-mentioned lead powder for preparing, add the sulphuric acid soln that density is 1.14g/L again, be in harmonious proportion to thick, wherein lead powder, water and vitriolic ratio are 100g: 5mL: 10mL; It is that the lead-calcium alloy of 3cm * 3cm is online that this lotion is spread upon area, promptly gets the two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode through compacting, oven dry, electrochemical oxidation.
The 3rd step, the pre-treatment of activated carbon fiber felt:
The activated carbon fiber felt successively passes through alkali cleaning (with 1: 1 ammoniacal liquor), pickling (with 1: 1 HNO
3Or HCl), after the pre-treatment step such as poach (distillation poach 2h), in drying in the temperature more than 100 ℃, standby.
The 4th step, the preparation of two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode:
The pretreated active carbon fibrefelt is cut into the square of 3cm * 3cm, sticks to the both sides of prepared two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode of second step, promptly make two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode of the present invention with conductive resin.
Two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode of the present invention is tested the treatment effect of dyeing waste water:
Dyeing waste water is taken from Suzhou printing and dyeing mill, after testing: pH=8.78, TOC=4.81g/L.With this electrode is anode, and two stainless steel electrodes lay respectively at this anodic both sides.Control current density is 20mA/cm
2, temperature is 40 ℃, adopts magnetic agitation, and above-mentioned dyeing waste water dilution is degraded for ten times, adopts German Multi-N/C 3100 analysis-e/or determining TOC.
Table 1 two-phase porous lead dioxide of the present invention combined electrode is to the degradation effect of dyeing waste water
As can be seen from Table 1, two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode of the present invention is after the TOC clearance has reached 51.4%, 8 hour in 1 hour, and the TOC clearance has reached 86.3%.Groove is pressed in the whole degradation process comparatively stable, about average out to 3.5V.Relatively the color of dyeing waste water can be found before and after the degraded, is black-and-blue before the degraded, and it is transparent to become colorless after the degraded.
In order to compare with simple two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode, the contriver adopts simple two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode that above-mentioned dyeing waste water is degraded again.Test condition is the same, and the result is as shown in table 2.
The simple two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode of table 2 is to the degradation effect of dyeing waste water
As can be seen from Table 2, simple two-phase porous lead dioxide electrode was 79% to the TOC clearance in 8 hours afterwards, be lower than the two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode in the table 1, and average groove pressure is higher than the groove pressure of the two-phase porous lead dioxide combined electrode in the table 1 far away for about 12V.