CN102171103B - 通过旋转密封机构充胀和密封包装垫的方法和设备 - Google Patents

通过旋转密封机构充胀和密封包装垫的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102171103B
CN102171103B CN200980134318.6A CN200980134318A CN102171103B CN 102171103 B CN102171103 B CN 102171103B CN 200980134318 A CN200980134318 A CN 200980134318A CN 102171103 B CN102171103 B CN 102171103B
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membrane material
equipment
band
film
inflation
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CN102171103A (zh
Inventor
罗布.范尤詹
詹姆斯.伯克尔
罗布.罗宾逊
维维克.克里什南
查尔斯.戴格尔
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Free Flow Packaging Corp
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Free Flow Packaging Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31DMAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D5/00Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D5/0039Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D5/0073Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including pillow forming
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30Electrical means
    • B29C65/305Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/787In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using conveyor belts or conveyor chains
    • B29C65/7873In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using conveyor belts or conveyor chains using cooperating conveyor belts or cooperating conveyor chains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7888Means for handling of moving sheets or webs
    • B29C65/7894Means for handling of moving sheets or webs of continuously moving sheets or webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/439Joining sheets for making inflated articles without using a mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8223Worm or spindle mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83431Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types rollers, cylinders or drums cooperating with bands or belts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/222Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81264Mechanical properties, e.g. hardness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/816General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
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    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/007Hardness

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于充胀和密封包装垫的设备,具有用于以在形成纵向密封的密封区域中没有皱纹的平整状态馈送预配置的膜材料到密封机构的驱动机构。在一个方面,驱动机构包括一对上相邻的带和背部支撑元件,例如下带。密封机构可以是旋转密封轮,其接触上相邻的带之间的膜材料。

Description

通过旋转密封机构充胀和密封包装垫的方法和设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请根据35U.S.C.§119(e)要求于2008年9月3日提交的临时申请No.61/093,858的优先权,该临时申请公开的内容在此被全文引用作为参考。
背景技术
充气枕或者垫可以用作在装运纸板箱等中的包装材料和空隙填充物。这样的垫典型地具有两层塑料膜材料,该两层塑料膜材料可以密封在一起以形成充注空气或者其它适当气体的腔室。垫通常由一长卷材料形成,所述材料典型地具有沿着该膜的纵向和横跨该膜的横向。该膜可以由塑料或者本领域已知的其它适当材料制成。膜可以采用辊或卷的方式供应和存储或在箱子中。典型地,该膜包括穿孔,该穿孔可以大致在跨过膜的横向方向布置,但是也可以位于其它方向,例如对角线方向。穿孔可不同地配置在例如一个或多个连续的垫之间以使得它们能够被撕开或者采用其它方式被分开。
尽管重量非常轻,充气垫却占据相当的空间量。为了减小必须装运和存储的材料的体积,这些垫一般在使用点处或附近进行制作。为了避免包装者和装运者在他们的工厂需要具有大且复杂的垫制作设备,充气包装垫的供应者通常提供给他们的顾客膜材料,主要的密封物和穿孔已经形成在该膜材料中(以下称作“预配置的膜材料”)。
使用预配置膜材料的包装者和装运者被提供有相对便宜且容易使用的设备,用于充胀和密封材料以在使用点处或附近完成垫。许多设备装备有长型导引件,该导引件插入到膜中纵向延伸的通道中,用于导引膜通过该设备。在一些设备中,导引件包括用于注入空气到垫腔室中的喷嘴。在其它的设备中,空气从与导引件分离的注射器注入。其中空气通过长型导引件注入到垫腔室中的设备的例子包括美国专利6,209,286、6,659,150、6,410,119、7,174,696和7,325,377,这些美国专利全部属于本受让人,其公开内容在此被引用作为参考。其中充胀气体注入到膜的开口边缘中或者通过穿孔的设备的例子示出在WO00/43198、WO00/43270和美国专利5,873,215和6,375,785中,其每个都由本受让人拥有,其公开的内容在此被引入作为参考。
发明内容
本发明涉及用于从预配置的膜材料制造充气包装垫的方法和设备。在一个方面,驱动机构配置为以在膜材料的形成纵向密封的密封区域中没有皱纹的平整状态递送预配置的膜材料到密封机构。驱动机构可包括一对上相邻的带和背部支撑(backing)元件,例如下带。密封机构可在密封区域接触膜材料以产生高质量的纵向密封,并燃烧、针孔泄漏和典型地由于膜皱纹产生的弱的粘结密封的情形显著减少。
在一个方面,密封机构可以是包括热源和旋转密封元件的旋转密封机构。旋转密封机构可包括由导热材料例如铝制成的轮。旋转密封机构与驱动机构一起可以有利于促进比传统的气垫设备可能的速度明显高的生产速度。
一个或多个用于馈送、驱动、充胀和密封该膜的机构可以制造为可调节的以使得装置能够处理宽(并且潜在地没有限制)种类的预配置膜材料,具有不同的尺寸和/或不同的配置腔室的膜材料。这些各种机构的操作可以通过控制器协调。在一些方面,所述控制器可识别膜的类型,而无需操作者输入(例如,利用RFID技术等等),并自动影响适于使用的膜的类型的(各)操作参数的任何需要的调节。
在一些实施例中,预配置的膜材料可包括纵向延伸的通道和可与该通道连通的可充胀腔室。在一些实施例中,膜材料可馈送到长型构件上,该长型构件可定位在纵向延伸的通道中并配置为使得利用单独的或者一体的注射器引入到腔室中的充胀气体来充胀垫。在替代实施例中,膜材料可以具有开口边缘,充胀气体从注射器注入到该开口边缘中。
尽管本发明的一些方面已经在“发明内容”部分进行了专门的示例性目的的说明,但是,本发明的其它方面限定在其余部分的描述中。本发明的上述方面以及在下面详述的本发明的其它方面可以以任何适当的组合或者再组合进行利用。
附图说明
现参照本发明的仅以例子形式给出并在附图中示出的优选实施例更详细地描述本发明,其中:
图1是可用于制造充气包装垫的预配置膜材料的部分剖开的平面图。
图2是美国专利7,174,696中描述的用于充胀和密封充气包装垫的设备的透视图。
图3是图2所示设备的分解透视图。
图4是在图3所示设备中的密封单元的局部侧面立视图。
图5是图4的密封单元的局部横截面视图。
图6是图2的设备将预配置的膜材料变换为充气包装垫的操作视图。
图7是可用于制造充气包装垫的另一预配置的膜材料的平面图。
图8是用于充胀和密封充气包装垫的设备的前透视图。
图9是图8所示的设备的密封机构的分解视图。
图10是图8所示设备的密封机构和充气机构的横截面视图。
图11a是图8所示设备的后部透视图;图11b是密封机构致动器的分解视图。
图12a和12b示出旋转密封机构的例子。
图13示出预配置的膜材料,该预配置的膜材料具有开口边缘,腔室能够通过该开口边缘充胀。
图14是替代的预配置的膜材料,其具有开口边缘,腔室可以通过该开口边缘充胀。
图15a-15c示出用于在展开过程中控制膜供应卷上的张力的机构;图15b是其分解视图;图15c是其横截面视图。
图16是膜边缘导引件的示意图。
图17是图8所示设备的侧立视图,示出根据本发明的一个方面的支撑元件214的曲面。
图18是根据本发明的替代实施例的用于充胀和密封充气包装垫的设备的前透视图。
图19是图18的设备的后部透视图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的一个方面,用于充胀和密封包装垫的设备具有驱动机构,该驱动机构能够将预配置的膜材料配送给密封机构以使得膜材料处于平状态并且在密封区域例如其中形成纵向密封以将充胀气体捕获在腔室中的膜的区域没有或者基本没有皱纹。在一个实施例中,驱动机构包括一对上部相邻的带和背部支撑元件例如下部带。密封机构可在定位在上部相邻的带之间的膜的区域接触膜材料。
术语例如“上”和“下”在此用于示例性目的以及易于参照。应当认识到,这些术语并不是限制性的,因为各个元件的方向以及整个设备的方向可以与在此描述的不同,其并不脱离本发明的范围。
图8-12示出根据本发明的用于充胀和密封包装垫的设备200的例子。设备200相对紧凑并适于方便地布置在桌台的顶部表面或者其它表面例如定制台(未示出)上。设备200可以由重量轻的材料例如耐用的塑料或者轻金属构造。参照图8,设备200包括具有底座202和支撑心轴205的竖直壁的框架、具有带传动组件218的密封机构和用于供应空气到空气注射器210的可调速度的吹送器225。心轴可包含一卷预配置膜材料(在阴影区示出)。
在一个方面,上下膜边缘导引件257a和257b可分别设置用于对齐该膜与充胀和密封机构。如图8和10所示,上下膜边缘导引件257a和257b通过相对窄的间隙隔开,膜材料的边缘部分通过该间隙馈送到充胀和密封机构。因为充胀气体注入到膜材料中,所以腔室被充胀以使得腔室的高度变成大于上下膜边缘导引件257a和257b之间的间隙。这示出在图10中,其中在膜1的左手部分的“V”形状代表充胀的腔室。当膜材料通过抵抗膜材料通过膜边缘导引件257a和257b之间的间隙的横向运动而被馈送通过充胀和密封机构时,充胀的腔室有助于将膜材料保持在变平状态中。还可以设置任选的导引辊255。如图8所示,导引辊255可定位在与心轴205大致相同的竖直平面。当膜从心轴展开时,膜的边缘部分在导引辊255上向着带传动组件218通过。随着该卷材料用完,导引辊255从而提供恒定的膜路径到充胀和密封机构。如图16所示,导引辊255的轴B可以关于心轴205的轴A偏置,例如以大致30-45度的角度。当膜1在导引辊255上通过时,偏置轴B使得膜1的边缘升高一些,这使得随着该膜向着充胀和密封机构导引时张紧该膜。
心轴205可装备有用于固定膜卷的夹持机构(未示出)。夹持机构可包括能够在脱离位置和接合位置之间移动的把手,所述脱离位置例如为把手的纵轴大致平行于心轴205的轴的位置,所述接合位置为例如把手的轴大致垂直于心轴205的轴的位置。
设备200还可以具有穿孔撕破单元250。穿孔撕破单元的例子描述在共有的美国专利7,343,723B2中,该美国专利公开的内容在此被引入作为参考。穿孔撕破单元250包括一对咬合辊,其可以被致动以沿着横向延伸的穿孔部分地撕破该膜以帮助操作者将多个充胀的垫或者多组充胀的垫彼此分开。可选择地,如下面更加完全地讨论的,穿孔撕破单元250或者成片单元可以与控制器相关联,用于在预定数量的垫充胀后沿着穿孔自动撕破该膜。这样,设备200可以被编程来产生期望长度(例如,具有一个、两个、三个、四个、五个、六个或更多个的充胀垫)的充胀的膜段。
图9是图8所示的设备的带传动组件218和密封机构216的分解视图。带传动组件包括一对相邻的上带218a和218b和下带218c。上下驱动辊222由电机驱动,用于旋转上带218a和218b和下带218c。旋转密封机构216定位为以使得密封件216a在位于两上带218a和218b之间的密封区域接触该膜以形成纵向密封从而捕获充胀的气体在腔室中。支撑表面214,其可以是由铝或者其它的金属构成的块,定位在下带218c下方以提供砧(anvil)表面,下带218c通过来自密封机构216的压力偏斜抵靠着该砧表面。
图10是示出旋转密封机构216的截面视图,旋转密封机构216具有:相对窄的凸状部分,其形成围绕它的外周的密封件216a;导引件/空气注射器210;支撑表面214;和上传动带218a、218b和下传送带218c。在膜1的左手部分中的开口的“V”形状,如图10所示,表示一腔室,充胀气体注入到该腔室中。如图10所示的膜1的右手部分为纵向通道,导引件210插入到该纵向通道中。在这个实施例中,导引件210还通过将空气(或者其它的充胀气体)通过位于导引件210的远端处或附近的一个或多个开口排出而用作空气注射器。在其它的实施例中,与导引件分开的注射器可以用于将充胀气体注入腔室中。刮刀片可沿着导引件210定位,用于切开该膜以允许通过密封区域的膜继续运动。当膜1通过密封机构216和下传动带218c之间时,充胀的垫被热密封。
在另一个方面,一个或多个传动带可形成冠状部以当膜材料馈送通过密封机构时帮助膜材料在密封区域保持在扁平的状态。例如,如图10所示,传动带218a、218b和218c可以具有冠状部以使得膜1的密封区域(例如,直接定位在密封元件216a的下方的膜1的部分)相对于膜1的相邻的部分升高。或者,带218a、218b和218c可以具有不同(例如相反的)构型的冠状部,其用以通过相对于密封区域向外拉膜1而使得在密封区域的膜1变平。具有冠状部的传动带218a、218b和218c将膜以平稳、变平的状态递送到密封机构216,而不会使得膜材料起皱。这使得密封件216a能够以明显较高的质量和精度产生纵向密封,与利用传统的气垫设备形成密封相比,明显降低燃烧的情形。旋转密封机构216和传动带组件218的组合同样使得该装置能够以明显高的生产速度,高达120英尺/分钟或更高的速度操作。采用例如密封杆的传统的气垫设备由于通过密封带的慢的传热速度以及在杆和带之间产生的高摩擦而典型地受限于不超过大约70英尺/分钟的生产速度。
在另一个方面,如图17所示,支撑元件214的表面可在膜路径方向弯曲。弯曲的顶可以大致位于支撑元件214的中心,例如,在密封机构216接触膜材料的地方。支撑元件214的曲面有效加长膜材料的路径,其帮助补偿当膜材料进行处理时膜材料的尺寸变化。特别地,膜材料的长度在当腔室充胀时减小一些(由于膜材料在厚度方向的膨胀)。但是,通过密封机构216密封的膜材料的边缘部分并不充胀,这样边缘部分的长度并不随着腔室充胀而减少。结果,膜材料的边缘部分易于在腔室充胀时聚集,例如,聚集成“手风琴”形式。支撑元件214的曲面增加膜路径的长度,其有助于在当膜材料馈送通过密封机构216时保持膜材料在变平状态。
如图10所示,传动带218a、218b和218c的每一个可以分别具有肋219a、219b和219c(例如,矩形横截面的),肋沿着它的长度在与膜接触的表面相反的表面上延伸。肋219a、219b和219c可接合驱动辊222中的相应的凹槽以导引并防止传动带218a、218b和218c沿着驱动辊222滑移。在下传动带218c的情形中,肋219c还进一步帮助在密封区域使该膜变直。特别地,在下传动带218c上的肋219c可对齐密封件216a以使得当密封件216a挤压下带218c抵靠着支撑表面214时,肋219c产生反作用力,该反作用力偏斜下带218c以使在密封区域的膜变直。
在如图8-12所示的实施例中,下带218c用作用于密封机构216的背部支撑元件。如在此所用的,术语“背部支撑元件”是指接触与密封机构相对的膜材料的结构。背部支撑元件典型地由弹性材料例如天然橡胶或者合成橡胶例如硅橡胶构造。弹性表面部分地符合密封件216a的形状,其提高密封质量和增加密封停留时间。当使用弹性背部支撑元件时,背部支撑元件例如块214通常用作砧表面,如以前描述的。支撑元件的非限定性的例子包括鼓、板、轮、箱、以及其它由金属或者其它刚性材料构造的表面。支撑元件可以具有施加到它的表面的弹性材料以用作背部支撑元件。例如,背部支撑元件可以通过硫化1/4英寸层橡胶到铝或者钢轮或者其它的支撑元件上而形成。或者,背部支撑元件可以预配置为弹性带并在背部支撑元件上伸展。背部支撑元件的厚度通常从大约1/8至大约1/4英寸的范围。弹性材料应该选择为以使得膜材料并不会不当地粘住背部支撑元件。再者,弹性材料应该选择为以使得它在受热下不降级。适当的弹性材料经常具有从大约20到大约95,通常从大约45到大约75,更通常地从大约50到大约70硬度计的肖氏硬度。例如,可使用60硬度计的硅橡胶。
密封机构216可安装为以使得它的轴相对于框架202的侧壁固定,或者以使得它能够手动地或者通过机械帮助而向着和远离支撑表面214位移。例如当设备的操作中断以防止膜1的燃烧时,缩回密封机构216离开该膜1会是期望的。如图11a和11b所示,线性步进致动器230可用于调节密封机构216的位置。密封机构216的位置还可调节,用于增大或者减小密封件216a和下传动带218c的位置。例如,致动器230可致使密封机构216位移以使得弹簧233压缩或者解压缩以分别产生更大或更小的密封力。密封压力可以调节,例如,以适应不同厚度的膜。作为线性致动器的替代,密封压力可以通过提供翼形螺钉等而进行调节,用于调节密封机构216和/或背部支撑元件的位置,而不需要明显拆卸设备或者替换零件。
在如图8-12所示的实施例中,密封机构216是自由飞轮,例如通过膜1的运动而被致使旋转,密封件216a压靠所述膜。如以前讨论的,上带218a和218b和下带218c,其全部由馈送辊222驱动,致使膜1前进。作为自由飞轮式的密封机构216的替代,电机可提供用于协同另一个驱动机构而旋转密封机构。
图12a和12b示出图8的设备中的密封机构的分解视图。耐高温的轴承或者衬套262配合到硬化处理过的铝轮216。衬套262定位在不锈钢芯主体264的上方。三个加热元件270和热电偶266定位在芯主体264的开口中。这些部件与芯主体端盖260和芯安装轴272固定在一起。
图15a-15c示出可以用于当膜从心轴205展开时控制膜卷上的张力的机构。张力控制机构可以包括线性致动器280、致动器轴281、具有橡胶表面的咬合辊282和压缩弹簧284。咬合辊282在当膜展开时接触卷膜的外表面。线性致动器280使得致动器轴281位移,从而压缩或者解压弹簧284以增大或者减小在内部盘和咬合辊284的毂之间的拖拽量。基于许多理由,控制卷膜上的张力会是期望的。在膜卷上的张力影响膜到充胀和密封机构的递送,并且张力的优化量可以关于具有不同垫尺寸和/或构型的膜而变化。张力控制机构还可用作闸以当设备中断时停止展开膜卷。线性致动器280可通过适当的控制器进行控制以协同驱动机构的操作和/或响应手动输入到装置中或者通过如下面更透彻地讨论的RFID技术自动传感的膜材料的特征而调节展开的张力。
充胀和密封设备可以具有许多不同的构型的任何一种,下面描述其几个例子。预配置膜材料可以具有各种构型例如具有限定大致矩形的腔室的密封线路,如Perkins等人的美国专利7,090,912或者Fuss等人的美国专利6,582,800所示的,或者具有限定非矩形的腔室的起伏不平的密封线路,例如,在DeLuca等人的美国专利6,410,119和6,761,960中所示的。通过例子,图1示出具有双层12、13的适当的膜材料例如聚合物材料的膜,所述聚合物材料包括例如高密度聚乙烯或者低密度聚乙烯的这样的材料。例如,膜可包括任何的适当的聚烯烃,包括,例如,低密度聚乙烯、同质乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、尼龙、包括偏二氯乙烯的氯乙烯共聚物或丙烯酸甲酯其中一个或多个的聚偏氯乙烯(聚二氯乙烯)、聚乙烯醇、聚酰胺或者前述物质的任何适当的组合。取决于不同应用,这些膜可以具有任何适当的厚度,例如从大约0.05到大约25密耳。在大多数情形下,膜将为大约0.5和4密耳之间的厚度。
材料可以为沿着它的纵向边缘16、17结合在一起的或者闭合的平整导管的形状,或者它可以沿着一个或两个边缘开口。
在图1所示的膜材料中,膜材料的单一的长型片或条,例如通过切开挤压成型的气泡或者通过沿着它的中心线折叠材料的卷筒(web)以形成边缘16而得以形成。其它的方法可被用来制备膜材料,例如通过热密封覆盖的卷筒(web)。相对的边缘17可闭合或者开口。在一个实施例中,边缘16是闭合的,边缘17是开口的。
再一次参照图1,两层膜可密封在一起以形成纵向延伸的通道19和多个适当配置的可充胀腔室21、22。通道19可沿着膜的一个或两个边缘和/或沿着中央不同配置。在通道在材料的一个边缘附近纵向延伸的情形中,一个或多个腔室21、22可安置在跨过材料的大致横向方向,要么在垂直于通道的方向,要么与通道成一定的角度的方向。入口23可配置为在通道19和一个腔室之间延伸。在这些实施例中,开口24互连腔室会是期望的。任选地,多个出口25可被包括以允许在充胀和密封过程中允许过量的空气从通道19逃脱。在出口被包括的情形中,它们可以在通道19和材料的边缘17之间延伸。边缘17可以在出口25的区域开封以允许过量的空气逃脱通过开口的边缘17。或者,边缘17可以被密封,在该情形下,过量空气可被允许逃脱通过跨过通道19横向延伸的穿孔26和/或通过出口25。各种变化是可以的。例如,一些出口25可开口于边缘17处并且其它出口25在边缘17处闭合。
任选地,大致横向的或者对角线的多排穿孔26可大致跨过膜在连续的多个垫或者多组垫的腔室之间延伸以有利于在腔室充胀之前或者之后分离材料。或者,穿孔26可以延伸通过可充胀的腔室21、22和/或出口25以隔开各组垫。
在图7所示的膜材料中,每个垫90可以具有一个或多个全尺寸腔室91以及任选地两个或更多的部分尺寸的腔室92。全尺寸腔室可以替代地配置为具有任何数量的离散的部分93(例如,四个),其可以跨过膜材料并排地定位,开口94位于它们之间。每个半尺寸腔室也可具有任何数量的部分96(例如,三个),开口97位于它们之间。
入口98、99可在纵向延伸的通道101和每一腔室中的第一部分之间横向延伸。进一步地,一个或多个出口102可在纵向延伸的通道和垫的外部之间延伸。在一个实施例中,出口延伸到膜材料的相邻边缘。穿孔103可设置在垫之间用于将垫分离。
图13示出如在WO00/43198中描述的预配置的膜421的例子。膜421可以沿着它的中心线折叠以形成闭合的边缘422和开口的边缘423。横向排的穿孔424沿着长度以规则的间隔形成并跨过材料的整个宽度延伸。所述材料沿着形成在穿孔424的相对侧面上的密封线路426密封在一起。密封线路从闭合的边缘422延伸以在距离开口边缘423短的距离内。在充胀过程中,空气或者其它的充胀气体注入在两层之间,并且一设备沿着纵向延伸的密封线路428将各层密封在一起以将空气或者其它的气体包含在垫中。
图14示出可以通过开口边缘充胀的预配置的膜500的另一个例子,如在美国专利6,982,113B2中描述的。膜具有以密封件518的图案彼此密封的两层512和514,留出限定可充胀的腔室501和充胀端口524的未密封区域。这些层可以通过热密封或者通过利用介入胶粘剂而粘接。一对纵向的凸缘530通过膜512和514的延伸超过充胀端口524和间断的密封件518的部分形成。腔室501通过将空气注入凸缘530而被充胀,然后纵向的密封552形成以闭合充胀的腔室501。
预配置的膜,例如在图1、7、13或者14所示的任何的类型,可以绕成卷或者折叠到箱中以形成可以用于充胀和密封设备的供应源。
本发明的一个或多个上述方面可以与现有的用于充胀和密封包装垫的设备组合使用,所述现有的设备是例如这样的设备,即其中膜的路径可以是大致水平的,例如,如在Perkins的美国专利6,209,286中所示的,或者大致竖直的,例如Perkins的美国专利6,659,150中所示的。可以修改以包括本发明的一个或多个方面的设备的例子示出在图2-6中,所述设备用于充胀和密封预配置的膜材料,如在美国专利7,174,696中描述的。所述设备可包括相对小的柜31,其可以适于置放在桌台顶部或者其它的支撑表面上。柜具有L形状的底座32,具有直立的前壁33、端壁34、36和用于柜的顶部和后部侧面的可移除的盖37。
在如图2所示的设备中,一对间隔开的水平延伸的辊39、41可布置在设备上,例如安装在柜的上侧面上,用于接收预配置的膜材料卷。所述卷可布置来置放在辊上并随着材料从辊上抽取出而自由旋转。辊之间的间隙通常小于芯的直径以使得卷随着它的尺寸减小不会在辊之间下降。如果希望的话,辊中的一个或者二者的轴可以稍微倾斜,例如直到大约10度,以为了保持卷抵靠止停部朝向设备的一个侧面。
再一次参照图2,辊39可以旋转地安装在静止轴42上,静止轴42在柜的前部附近在端壁34、36之间延伸。辊41可包括安装在辊39的后部的旋转安装的轴43上的两个相对短的辊41a、41b。辊41a、41b可朝向设备的相对侧面定位,用于朝向该卷的边缘与膜材料卷接合。辊44可安装在挨着辊41b的轴43上并直接在预配置膜中的纵向延伸的通道19下方。盘46同样安装在轴43上,具有开口47,该开口47可光学检测以监测卷的旋转和材料从其移除。
在如图2所示的设备中,止停部49可向着柜的一个侧面定位,并可以配置为用于将卷定位在辊上的导引件。在使用止停部的场合,卷可以布置在辊上,边缘与纵向延伸的通道19相邻,通道19邻接抵靠止停部49,以使得通道19和入口23可位于相同位置,而不管卷的宽度如何。如上所述,辊的一个或者二者可以向着止停部定位所在的柜的侧面向下倾斜以帮助保持卷抵靠止停部。对于以这种方式倾斜的一个或两个辊,它们仍然大致水平,并且卷的轴仍大致平行于辊的轴。卷可以是任何期望宽度的,并且它甚至可以悬垂在柜的与止停部相对的侧面,只要它不宽到使得悬垂重量导致卷翻到或者在辊上不稳定。
驱动机构51、长型构件52和密封组件53可组合为单一的模块单元54,其可以朝向设备的前部定位。如图3所示,模块单元54可以可移除地安装在端壁36的外侧并凸出通过所述壁上的开口56,而端盖57和前盖58包围它的一部分。
仍参照图2,盖58可端接在正好在膜材料通过馈送辊和密封组件的移动路径的前面。凸缘81可从柜的前壁延伸,与盖的左侧对齐,并正好端接到膜路径的后部。该设备还可包括安装在盖和凸缘的相对边缘上的导引靴(shoe)82、83以限定用于膜材料的进出开口84和有助于导引材料到馈送辊中。此外,导引件86可朝向长型构件和馈送辊上方的柜的前部定位以朝向它们导引膜材料。
控制面板87可位于任何适当的位置,例如在驱动模块的右侧的端盖57的倾斜部分。这个面板可包括各种控制,例如用于打开和关闭设备的控制,以及用于各种操作功能例如制造的垫的数量和牢固度的控制。此外,控制面板87可包括用于响应从膜供应接收到的数据调节各种操作参数的控制,如下面更加透彻地讨论的。
该设备的操作和使用可以参照图6进行描述。预配置的膜材料28的卷可以布置在辊39、41上,卷19的纵向延伸的通道侧邻接抵靠止停部49,以使得纵向延伸通道自身与咬合辊44和长型构件52对齐。其它馈送机构,例如悬臂送料辊机构,也可使用。
仍参照图6,膜材料的自由端可在导引件86(如图3所示)上向下拉动并到导引件例如延伸到纵向延伸通道19中的长型构件上。一旦在导引件上,对于操作者来说,继续在材料上向下拉动直到它接合上游馈送辊并然后通过辊馈送,会是期望的。导引件或者长型构件执行导引和保持膜材料正确对齐辊的功能。
当膜材料移动通过导引件例如长型构件时,空气或者另外的适当气体可以利用结合到导引件中或者与导引件分离的任何适当的机构注入膜中。在气体通过导引件注入的情形中,可以利用导引件中的喷嘴进行注射。在空气从布置在导引件外部的位置或者喷嘴注射的情形中,可以优选定位空气喷射端口的源在膜的馈送路径附近。在任一情形中,气体可以通过开口例如开口23、24注入并进入到腔室例如上面讨论的腔室21、22中。气体可限制在空气喷射设备与其由辊39和/或辊41b夹持(pinch-off)的地方之间的膜的部分。取决于卷的直径,膜材料可从卷在从纵向延伸的通道通过辊挤捏闭合的点大约90到180度角度退出。
导引件可以不同地配置。在如图2所示的一个实施例中,导引件包括在长型构件的上端的扩大的球形物52a。球形物52a可以配置来促进膜材料在长型构件的末端部分上的移动并防止空气沿着长型构件从纵向延伸的通道向后逃离。配合件52b可设置在长型构件的另一末端上,用于连接到空气泵。
参照图3、4和6,在充胀之后,膜材料可配置为行进通过密封组件53,在那里辊77挤压材料为与加热元件76接触。多(例如两)层膜材料可沿着相对窄的密封线路89熔合在一起,线路89可配置为沿着膜材料纵向延伸并跨过入口23以密封腔室。
该设备可配置为利用切割机构例如刀以切开膜。例如,切口可以形成在膜的通道中。例如,切割机构可以配置为在导引件已经接触膜之后切割膜。切割机构可以定位在进气口之前或者之后。在一个实施例中,切割机构定位在设备中的垫被充胀和密封的点之后,膜材料移动经过切割打开与纵向延伸的通道挨着的材料的边缘的刀以使得长型构件可以从通道退出。其它的实施例可以在充胀之前切割膜。又另一实施例可以在充胀的同时切割膜。
在其中馈送辊和长型构件仅接合膜材料的一个边缘部分的实施例中,该设备可以处理任何期望宽度的材料以制作具有任何期望数量的腔室的垫,包括具有延伸该材料的全宽的单一腔室的垫。
如图3所示的驱动机构可包括不同的导引辊,例如上游辊61-64和下游辊66-69。在包括这些辊的情形中,这些辊接合膜材料的边缘部分并将其馈送通过设备。上游和下游的辊可安置为双组,用于接合纵向延伸的通道的相对侧面上的膜材料。在这些实施例中,上游辊61、62和下游辊66、67接合纵向延伸通道和该材料的边缘之间的膜材料,而上游辊63、64和下游辊68、69在通道和腔室之间接合它。馈送辊可由任何适当的机构例如可安装在柜内部的电机71驱动。电机可包括一个或多个驱动齿轮、滑轮或者可以耦合到驱动齿轮72、滑轮的电机轴上的其它适当的机构,或者附着到辊安装所在的轴的其它适当的机构。
长型构件52可定位在内和外馈送辊之间并可以在向上方向延伸。任选地,它可向内弯曲,如图2和3所示,用于插入到膜材料的纵向延伸通道中。空气或者其它适当的气体可提供给空气注射器,典型地通过泵例如空气泵73以大约0.5-10磅/平方英寸的压力。泵也可安装在柜内部。如果期望,调整器(未示出)可以连接在泵和空气注射器之间以允许用户调节气压,并因此调节垫被充胀的强度。
在如图3-5所示的装置中,密封组件53可定位在上游和下游辊之间。密封组件可包括一个或多个加热元件76和抵靠着加热元件挤压膜材料的一个或多个背部支撑元件。加热元件可安装在固定的位置,辊可安装在座78上。在该实施例中,当操作设备时,辊通过凸轮79压靠加热元件,并且在当设备空置时从加热元件退出。不在操作时加热元件从背部支撑元件的这一退出防止加热元件燃烧塑料并过度加热背部支撑元件。如图4和5所示,加热元件可包括相对小直径(大约1/8英寸)的不锈钢杆80。杆80可配置为竖直(或平行于膜移动的方向)并垂直于背部支撑辊77的轴而延伸。
图18和19示出根据本发明的替代实施例的用于充胀和密封充气包装垫的设备200a。不是具有前面描述的导引辊255,设置固定的导引构件256用于从供应源导引该膜到带传动组件218。固定的导引构件256可以由片金属或者其它适当的材料例如硬质塑料构造。如图18和19所示,固定的导引构件256可以具有大致弯曲的外表面,该外表面围绕或者部分地围绕心轴上的膜材料卷。
同样示出在图18和19中,不是如前面描述的具有可调节的张紧机构例如咬合辊282,设备200a具有一对挤压咬合辊299,膜材料在从供应卷展开之后通过该咬合辊299。咬合辊299可以覆盖有弹性材料,例如橡胶,并可以跨越膜材料的整个宽度。通过以这种方式咬合膜材料,膜材料到充胀和密封组件的恒定的接近角得以保持,例如,接近角可以随着膜材料展开而膜卷直径减小而不变化。同样地,如所示的咬合辊299的位置允许可充胀气体注入腔室中一直向上游到咬合辊299,其相应地提供更大的预充胀体积以及在充胀周期之间更快的再启动时间。在膜材料通过咬合辊299之间之后,它在固定的导引构件256的外表面上被馈送到带传动组件218。
如在共同的未授权的公布的申请US2007/0251190A1中描述的,该申请公开的内容在此被全文引入作为参考,设备可以包括具有用于采集包含在膜或者膜供应源上的信息的功能的控制器,例如在膜或者膜卷缠绕所在的芯上存在的射频识别(RFID)标签。从膜或者膜供应源获得的信息可以用于设定一个或多个用于操作设备的操作参数,例如,密封温度、密封压力、空气填充程度和驱动部件中的操作正时延迟。这些和其他操作参数可以受到膜的厚度和组分、可充胀腔室的尺寸和构型和/或膜的其它的属性的影响。控制器任选地可以配置为将数据写回到标签。例如,如在公布的申请US2007/0251190A1中描述的,当膜卷被处理时,控制器可以定期将处理过的膜的量写回到标签,直到所有膜都处理完。该特征可以用于防止用户从过期的膜供应源移除标签并附着标签到可以不相容的或者未经认可用于设备的新的材料供应源。
在一些情形中,用户会想具有精细调节特定操作参数的能力以满足用户偏好。控制器可以配置为允许用户在预定极限中调节一些或者全部参数。例如,用户可以被允许在编程值的+/-10%内调节值。通常,中间范围的设置被选择用于这一编程值以允许稍微的用户调节,同时防止总的过调节。用户可调节的参数的非限定性例子包括密封温度和充气水平。
用于驱动辊222的驱动电机可以是固定速度的电机,或者,任选地,可变速的电机。在可变速度的电机的情形中,操作速度可以通过操作者在键盘上输入信息而进行调节,或者可以从膜供应源上的RFID标签等通信。
作为RFID标签的替代,该设备可利用许多其它的技术,用于将数据从膜或者膜供应源传输到控制器。例如,膜或者膜供应源可以印刷有条形码或者注册标记,或者包含条形码或者注册标记的标签等可以附着到膜或者膜供应源。控制器可以利用条形码读出器或者其它适当的读取器从膜或者膜供应源检索信息。
参照如图8-12所示的装置,控制器可以适于控制步进致动器230、密封元件216、吹送器225、传动带218a-218c和卷展开张紧机构282的一个或多个的操作。控制器可以配置为能够调节密封压力、密封温度、充气水平、当膜卷展开时模卷上的张力以及在驱动部件中的操作时序延迟的一个或多个。密封压力可以通过控制步进致动器230的操作进行控制。密封温度可以通过控制供应到密封元件216的热的量而进行控制。充气水平可以通过控制吹送器225的操作而进行控制。操作时序延迟可以通过控制各个驱动部件的操作而进行控制。当膜供应源展开时在膜供应源上的张力可以通过线性致动器280的控制操作而进行控制。这些参数的每一个可以根据适于使用的特定膜构型的预定方案进行控制。
穿孔撕破单元250的操作同样可以是部分地或者完全地自动化的。例如,膜材料的供应可包括对应于分隔相邻的多个腔室或者多组腔室的横向穿孔的位置的注册标记。该设备可装备有用于传感注册标记的适当的读取器以使得控制器能够确定穿孔的位置以及穿孔撕破单元250的适当的控制操作。例如,当期望沿着穿孔撕破该膜时,如果需要,控制器可以致使驱动机构使得膜前进,以定位穿孔在带传动组件218和穿孔撕破单元250之间,然后停止带传动组件218的移动。穿孔撕破单元的咬合辊然后可以被致动以接合该膜并将它拉动远离固定的带传动组件218,从而沿着穿孔撕破膜。穿孔撕破单元250可基于用户输入请求而沿着穿孔撕破该膜。或者,控制器可编程以每当预定数量的相邻的垫充胀时致动穿孔撕破单元250以沿着穿孔撕破该膜。
预配置膜可以具有以上所述描述构型的任何,例如,膜可沿着两纵向边缘闭合,或者可以沿着一个纵向的边缘打开。膜可包含用于接收导引件和/或充胀构件的纵向的通道。或者,膜可以具有开口边缘,空气或者其它的气体通过该开口边缘注入以使得预配置腔室充胀。腔室可以为大致矩形、圆形或者其它的期望形状。
尽管已经描述和示出本发明的特定实施例,但是,应当理解,本发明并不限于此,因为本领域技术人员可以进行修改。本申请包括落在在此公开的本发明的精神和范围内的任何和全部修改。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于从具有多个腔室的预配置的膜材料充胀和密封包装垫的设备,所述设备包括:
用于沿着路径馈送膜材料的馈送机构,所述馈送机构包括在第一区域接触膜材料的第一表面的第一带,和第二带,所述第二带在第二区域接触所述膜材料的所述第一表面;
用于注射充胀气体到所述腔室中的充胀机构;以及
包括密封元件和背部支撑元件的密封机构,其中所述密封元件在位于所述第一带和所述第二带之间的密封区域接触所述膜材料的所述第一表面以形成纵向密封从而捕获充胀气体在所述腔室中。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备,进一步包括用于调节所述密封元件的位置的线性致动器。
3.如权利要求1所述的设备,进一步包括用于手动调节所述密封元件的位置的手拧螺钉/翼型螺钉。
4.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述密封元件包括旋转密封元件。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述背部支撑元件包括带。
6.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述背部支撑元件由弹性材料构成。
7.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中,所述预配置的膜材料具有纵向延伸的通道,所述设备进一步包括适于插入到所述纵向延伸的通道中的长型构件。
8.如权利要求7所述的设备,其中,所述长型构件具有用于将充胀气体注入到所述纵向延伸的通道中的至少一个开口。
9.一种用于从具有多个腔室的预配置的膜材料充胀和密封包装垫的设备,所述设备包括:
用于沿着路径馈送膜材料的馈送机构,所述馈送机构包括在第一区域接触所述膜材料的第一表面的第一带,以及在第二区域接触所述膜材料的第一表面的第二带;
用于注射充胀气体到所述腔室中的充胀机构;以及
包括密封元件和背部支撑元件的密封机构,其中所述密封元件接触所述膜材料的密封区域以形成纵向密封从而捕获充胀气体在所述腔室中;
其中所述第一带、所述第二带以及所述背部支撑元件其中的至少一个具有冠状表面,该冠状表面接触所述膜材料并且在所述膜材料的所述密封区域中产生横向张力;
其中,所述背部支撑元件具有肋,其中来自所述密封元件的压力产生来自所述肋的反作用力,该反作用力偏斜所述背部支撑元件以在所述密封区域使得所述膜材料变平。
10.如权利要求9所述的设备,其中,所述第一带、所述第二带和所述背部支撑元件的每一个具有接触所述膜材料并且在所述膜材料的所述密封区域产生横向张力的冠状表面。
11.如权利要求9所述的设备,其中,所述背部支撑元件包括带。
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