CN102169497A - Method and device for managing metadata through bitmaps - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and device for managing metadata through bitmaps, wherein the method comprises the steps as follows: the catalog information of a file for storing the metadata is recorded by a file catalog level bitmap; the file information and file property information are recorded by the file and the property level bitmap of the file; when the next file of the file catalog is accessed, a first pointer pointing at addresses recorded by corresponding files is obtained through the file catalog level bitmap; moreover, corresponding file information and file property information are obtained by the first pointer in the files and the property level bitmaps of the files. As the invention records various metadata like the file catalog, the files, the file properties of the files, and the file updating information in a laminated way through multi-level bitmaps, efficient storage, management, and searching on the file data are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the management method of computer memory system metadata, relate in particular to method and device by bitmap mode management of metadata.
Background technology
Metadata is the data of data of description.In file system, volume management system and fast photographic system, often can use metadata, utilize metadata information to come the feature of data of description.
The form of management of metadata information is various, and metadata has different forms in the different systems.For example in fast photographic system, the quantity of information of metadata is bigger, and can increase along with reducing of management data block granularity.But the metadata information of snapshot data is semantic simple, has only a kind of semanteme, so can adopt the mode of bitmap (bitmap) to store and manage such as the such metadata of fast photographic system, this bitmap mode can be saved storage space.By the information that just can describe a data block granularity in the bitmap, promptly the change list of each shows the pointer that is indicated to this data block in the bitmap.The bitmap access speed is very fast, and its visit is more consistent with the array access mode, need not any traversing operation, and can directly position by Calculation Method.
When by the data of being managed more after a little while, can adopt the one-level bitmap to realize the data of corresponding space are effectively managed; But, when being taken up room when very big by the data of being managed are more, adopt the one-level bitmap to realize will having following two problems to the data management of corresponding very large space:
1) increase of invalid data ratio can cause the waste of storage space.
When data space was very big, some more data may be temporarily invalid concerning calling party, so the ratio of the temporary transient invalid data space of this class will increase greatly; Obviously in internal memory these invalid data assignment bit map information, the memory source of waste preciousness greatly.
2) access efficiency of bitmap reduces.
At every turn in visit during message bit pattern, all need to obtain the pointer of respective data blocks by the actual value that obtains in the bitmap one; When the data space of being managed was very big, message bit pattern tended to account for bigger memory headroom, so need change to the support of the technology of swapping out.Therefore only adopt the one-level bitmap to carry out under the situation of metadata management, can do a lot of invalid changing to operation that swaps out, making access efficiency reduce greatly.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method and device by bitmap mode management of metadata, can save a large amount of memory headrooms.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method by bitmap mode management of metadata, comprising:
The file of preserving metadata is write down file directory information by file directory level figure, write down fileinfo and file attribute information by file and attribute level figure thereof;
When visit one file directory next one file, obtain first pointer of the address of pointing to corresponding file logging by file directory level bitmap, and in file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding fileinfo and file attribute information by this first pointer.
Further, the file of preserving metadata is write down file directory information by file directory level figure, writes down fileinfo and file attribute information, specifically comprise by file and attribute level figure thereof:
Write down described file directory information by file directory level bitmap with the structure of chained list, comprise the unified identifier of first overall situation and first pointer of identification document catalogue;
Comprise the unified identifier of second overall situation of identification document by the fileinfo of file and attribute level figure thereof record, the file attribute information of record comprises one or more information in the title of file, file size, document creation and/or the modification time.
Further, this method also comprises:
Know that according to the file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then return the data of changing file, do not change, then return the data of this original of not changing if know corresponding file.
Further, write down fileinfo and file attribute information, specifically comprise by file and attribute level figure thereof:
File and attribute level bitmap thereof are divided into file-level bitmap and file attribute level bitmap, write down described fileinfo by this document level bitmap with list structure, except that comprising the unified identifier of second overall situation, also comprise second pointer that points to the address of corresponding file attribute information in the file attribute level bitmap; Write down described file attribute information by this document attribute level bitmap with list structure, and with tree structure log file changed information.
Further, in file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding fileinfo and file attribute information, specifically comprise by this first pointer:
In described file-level bitmap, find file logging by this first pointer, obtain second pointer, find corresponding file attribute information according to this second pointer according to the unified identifier of second overall situation in this document record.
Further, this method also comprises:
Know that according to the file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then obtain the file data of change, and merge in the original, return the file data after the merging by the file amendment information of tree structure record; Then return the not original data of change as if knowing that corresponding file is not changed.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of device by bitmap mode management of metadata, comprise the file directory level module and file and the attribute level module thereof that connect successively, wherein:
File directory level module when being used under user capture one catalogue file, is obtained corresponding file logging address from the file directory information of file directory level figure record;
File and attribute level module thereof are used for obtaining corresponding file logging according to the file logging address from file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding file attribute information according to fileinfo.
Further,
File directory level bitmap comprises the unified identifier of first overall situation of identification document catalogue and first pointer of the address of pointing to file logging with the structure log file directory information of chained list;
Fileinfo in the file logging in file and the attribute level bitmap thereof comprises the unified identifier of second overall situation of sign corresponding document, and file attribute information comprises one or more information in title, file size, document creation and/or the modification time of file.
Further,
File and attribute level module thereof also know that according to the file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then return the data of changing file; Do not change if know corresponding file, then return the data of this original of not changing.
Further,
File and attribute level bitmap thereof are divided into file-level bitmap and file attribute level bitmap, write down described fileinfo by the file-level bitmap with list structure, except comprising the unified identifier of second overall situation, also comprise second pointer that points to the address of corresponding file attribute information in the file attribute level bitmap; By file attribute level bitmap with list structure log file attribute information, and with tree structure log file changed information.
Further, file and attribute level module thereof comprise file-level unit and the file attribute level unit that connects successively, wherein:
The file-level unit is used for finding corresponding file logging by first pointer at the file-level bitmap, obtains second pointer according to the unified identifier of second overall situation that writes down in this document record;
File attribute level unit, second pointer that is used for obtaining according to the file-level unit obtains corresponding file attribute information from file attribute level bitmap.
Further,
File attribute level unit also knows that by the file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then obtains the file data of change, merges in the original, and returns file data after the merging; Then return the not original data of change as if knowing that corresponding file is not changed.
The present invention is by multistage bitmap laminated record file directory, file and file attribute thereof and all kinds of metadata of file update information, thereby realization is to high-level efficiency storage, the management and retrieval of file data.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the framework that the present invention is used for the secondary bitmap embodiment of management of metadata;
Fig. 2 is the method embodiment flow process that the present invention is directed to the management of metadata of secondary bitmap shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the framework that the present invention is used for three grades of bitmap embodiment of management of metadata;
Fig. 4 is the method embodiment flow process that the present invention is directed to the management of metadata of three grades of bitmaps shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart that passes through the device embodiment of bitmap mode management of metadata of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.The embodiment that below exemplifies only is used for description and interpretation the present invention, and does not constitute the restriction to technical solution of the present invention.
Fig. 1 has represented that the present invention is used for the framework of the secondary bitmap embodiment of management of metadata, comprises file directory level and file and attribute level thereof, wherein:
The file directory level is used to write down directory listing, for example with the mode record of data link table; The information of each catalogue comprises the address of listed files in catalogue ID and the sensing next stage bitmap in the directory listing; Wherein the catalogue ID mode of unifying identifier (GUID, Globally Unique IDentifier) with the overall situation generates, and is unique in total system to guarantee each catalogue;
File and attribute level thereof are used for writing down the file attribute of listed files and All Files under each catalogue of directory listing, for example with the mode record of data link table; The information of each file comprises file ID and file attribute information in the listed files, one or more information in title, size, establishment and the modification time of this document attribute information include file; Wherein listed files is with the mode record of data link table, and file ID generates in the mode of GUID equally, is unique in total system to guarantee each file.
The present invention adopts the mode record of above-mentioned two level frameworks with metadata, and wherein the bitmap capacity of file directory level is less, so can memory-resident; File and attribute level bitmap thereof can be saved in the disk unit.One (forming pointer with other position) in the upper level bitmap describes the data block (data block of log file and attribute level thereof) in the next stage bitmap.
When the shared space of the metadata of management is big, the above-mentioned way that metadata is divided into the two-stage bitmap management of the present invention, can avoid adopting one-level bitmap management mode user once visit can have access to many temporary transient invalid data, but when needing, the user just has access to next stage from upper level, both dwindle the space of visit data, also improved efficiency for data access simultaneously.
Fig. 2 expresses the secondary bitmap that the present invention is directed to management of metadata shown in Figure 1 and the method embodiment flow process of the management of metadata that provides comprises:
110: meta data file is write down file directory information by file directory level figure, and write down file and file attribute information by file and attribute level figure thereof;
The file directory level is with the mode log file directory listing of data link table, and the information of each catalogue comprises the address of listed files in catalogue ID and the sensing next stage bitmap in the directory listing.
120: when user capture one file directory next one file, obtain corresponding file and file attribute information address by file directory level bitmap;
Find corresponding pointer in sensing file and the attribute level bitmap thereof by the catalogue ID that writes down in the file directory level bitmap, and by the corresponding fileinfo of this pointed address.
130: obtain corresponding file logging by file and attribute level bitmap thereof, find corresponding file attribute information according to the file ID in the file logging;
In file and attribute level bitmap thereof, find corresponding listed files (being file logging) by the pointer that points to the fileinfo address, find corresponding file attribute information according to the file ID in the listed files.
140: return corresponding file data, process ends according to file attribute information.
According to file attribute information (such as file name, size, establishment and modification time etc.),, then return the original data if know the file unmodified; Otherwise return the file data of modification.
When the shared space of metadata of management very big, when causing adopting the secondary bitmap also can appearance can visit many temporary transient invalid data, be necessary above-mentioned file and attribute level thereof are further divided into secondary, the framework of three grades of bitmap embodiment as shown in Figure 3, that is except comprising the file directory level, file and attribute fraction thereof are become file-level and file attribute level, wherein:
The file directory level, effect is with described in the above-mentioned secondary bitmap framework, and this repeats no more;
File-level, be used for mode log file tabulation with data link table, the information of each file that writes down in the listed files comprises file ID and points to the address of file attribute in the next stage bitmap that its file ID generates in the mode of GUID, is unique to guarantee each file in total system;
The file attribute level, be used for log file attribute information and file amendment information respectively, wherein file attribute information comprises one or more information in file name, file size, creation-time and the modification time with the list structure record, file amendment information is with the data of tree structure log file change, and tree structure for example adopts B tree or B+ tree.
Fig. 4 expresses three grades of bitmaps that the present invention is directed to management of metadata shown in Figure 3 and the method embodiment flow process of the management of metadata that provides comprises:
210: when user capture one file directory next one file, obtain corresponding file logging address by the file directory level;
Find corresponding pointer in the sensing file-level bitmap by the catalogue ID that writes down in the file directory level, and by the corresponding listed files of this pointed (being file logging) address.
220: obtain corresponding file attribute address by corresponding file logging in the file-level;
Find corresponding pointer in the sensing file attribute level bitmap by file ID in the file logging of file-level, and by the corresponding file attribute of this pointed address.
230: obtain corresponding file attribute information by the file attribute level;
Get access to the file attribute information and the file amendment information of record by the file attribute level, wherein file attribute information comprises one or more information in file name, file size, creation-time and the modification time; The data of file amendment information log file change.
240: judging whether corresponding file is changed, is execution in step 250 then, otherwise execution in step 260;
Know according to file creation-time in the file attribute information and/or modification time information whether file is changed.
250: obtain the file data of change, merge in the original, return the file data after the merging, process ends;
From the file amendment information of corresponding tree structure, get access to the data of file amendment, merge in the original and return.
260: return the original data, process ends.
Above-mentioned way of the present invention, can further avoid adopting one-level or secondary bitmap management mode user once visit can have access to many temporary transient invalid data, but when needing, the user just has access to next stage, the space of visit data be can further save thus, management and efficiency for data access also further improved simultaneously.
The present invention is directed to said method embodiment, the device embodiment by bitmap mode management of metadata correspondingly also is provided, its structure comprises the file directory level module and file and the attribute level module thereof that connect successively as shown in Figure 5, wherein:
File directory level module when being used under user capture one catalogue file, is obtained corresponding file logging address from file directory level bitmap;
File directory level module finds by the catalogue ID that writes down in the file directory level bitmap and points to corresponding pointer in file and the attribute level bitmap thereof, and by the corresponding listed files of this pointed address.
File and attribute level module thereof are used for obtaining corresponding file logging from file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding file attribute information according to the fileinfo in the file logging, and return corresponding file data according to file attribute information.
File and attribute level bitmap thereof further are divided into file-level bitmap and file attribute level bitmap, and file and attribute level module thereof further comprise file-level unit and the file attribute level unit that connects successively, wherein:
The file-level unit is used for finding corresponding pointer in the sensing file attribute level bitmap by the file ID that the file-level bitmap writes down;
File attribute level unit, be used for obtaining corresponding file attribute information, know by the file attribute information that obtains whether corresponding file is changed, if the file data of change is then obtained in change according to the pointer that the file-level unit obtains, merge in the original, and return file data after the merging; If the original data of obtaining are not then returned in change.
More than explanation only is the preferable embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (12)
1. method by bitmap mode management of metadata comprises:
The file of preserving metadata is write down file directory information by file directory level figure, write down fileinfo and file attribute information by file and attribute level figure thereof;
When visit one file directory next one file, obtain first pointer of the address of pointing to corresponding file logging by described file directory level bitmap, and in described file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding fileinfo and file attribute information by this first pointer.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the file of preserving metadata write down file directory information by file directory level figure, write down fileinfo and file attribute information, specifically comprise by file and attribute level figure thereof:
Write down described file directory information by described file directory level bitmap with the structure of chained list, comprise the unified identifier of first overall situation and described first pointer of the described file directory of sign;
Comprise that by the described fileinfo of described file and attribute level figure thereof record the unified identifier of second overall situation of the described file of sign, the described file attribute information of record comprise one or more information in title, file size, document creation and/or the modification time of file.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Know that according to the described file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then return the data of changing file, do not change, then return the data of this original of not changing if know corresponding file.
4. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that, write down fileinfo and file attribute information, specifically comprise by file and attribute level figure thereof:
File and attribute level bitmap thereof are divided into file-level bitmap and file attribute level bitmap, write down described fileinfo by this document level bitmap with list structure, except that comprising the unified identifier of described second overall situation, also comprise second pointer that points to the address of corresponding file attribute information in the described file attribute level bitmap; Write down described file attribute information by this document attribute level bitmap with list structure, and with tree structure log file changed information.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that, in described file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding fileinfo and file attribute information, specifically comprise by this first pointer:
In described file-level bitmap, find described file logging by this first pointer, obtain described second pointer, find corresponding file attribute information according to this second pointer according to the unified identifier of described second overall situation in this document record.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Know that according to the described file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then obtain the file data of change, and merge in the original, return the file data after the merging by the described file amendment information of described tree structure record; Then return the not original data of change as if knowing that corresponding file is not changed.
7. the device by bitmap mode management of metadata comprises the file directory level module and file and the attribute level module thereof that connect successively, wherein:
File directory level module when being used under user capture one catalogue file, is obtained corresponding file logging address from the file directory information of file directory level figure record;
File and attribute level module thereof are used for obtaining corresponding file logging according to described file logging address from file and attribute level bitmap thereof, obtain corresponding file attribute information according to described fileinfo.
8. according to the described device of claim 7, it is characterized in that,
Described file directory level bitmap writes down described file directory information with the structure of chained list, comprises the unified identifier of first overall situation of the described file directory of sign and first pointer of the address of pointing to described file logging;
Fileinfo in the described file logging in described file and the attribute level bitmap thereof comprises the unified identifier of second overall situation of sign corresponding document, and described file attribute information comprises one or more information in title, file size, document creation and/or the modification time of file.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described devices, it is characterized in that,
Described file and attribute level module thereof also know that according to the described file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then return the data of changing file; Do not change if know corresponding file, then return the data of this original of not changing.
10. according to the described device of claim 8, it is characterized in that,
Described file and attribute level bitmap thereof are divided into file-level bitmap and file attribute level bitmap, write down described fileinfo by described file-level bitmap with list structure, except comprising the unified identifier of second overall situation, also comprise second pointer that points to the address of corresponding file attribute information in the described file attribute level bitmap; Write down described file attribute information by described file attribute level bitmap with list structure, and with tree structure log file changed information.
11., it is characterized in that described file and attribute level module thereof comprise file-level unit and the file attribute level unit that connects successively according to the described device of claim 10, wherein:
The file-level unit is used for finding corresponding file logging by first pointer at described file-level bitmap, obtains described second pointer according to the unified identifier of described second overall situation that writes down in this document record;
File attribute level unit, second pointer that is used for obtaining according to described file-level unit obtains corresponding file attribute information from described file attribute level bitmap.
12. according to the described device of claim 11, it is characterized in that,
File attribute level unit also knows that by the file attribute information that obtains corresponding file changes, then obtains the file data of change, merges in the original, and returns file data after the merging; Then return the not original data of change as if knowing that corresponding file is not changed.
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| CN103544156A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-29 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Method and device for storing files |
| CN104598533A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-05-06 | 曙光云计算技术有限公司 | File extension attribute storing method |
| CN105653648A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-08 | 北京金山安全软件有限公司 | File acquisition method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN109445713A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-08 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of storage state recording method, system and the associated component of metadata volume |
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