CN102164017A - Waveguide chip structure for four-way parallel digital modulation and orthogonal multiplexing - Google Patents
Waveguide chip structure for four-way parallel digital modulation and orthogonal multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical DFT (discrete Fourier transform) waveguide chip structure for four-way parallel digital modulation and orthogonal multiplexing, which comprises a Y-shaped waveguide cascade structure, four dual-driven Mach-Zehnder modulator arrays and four all ODFT (optical discrete Fourier transform) waveguide units; and by using the optical DFT waveguide chip structure, under a lower electrical modulation rate, the information transmission with a higher speed is realized, the requirement for electronic processing speed is lowered, the limitation on electronic bottleneck is broken through effectively, and the utilization rate of a communication bandwidth is greatly enhanced. According to the invention, a 100Gbps transmission code rate can be achieved just by using a 12.5Gbps electrical modulation rate, thereby reducing the system complexity, and effectively improving the bandwidth utilization rate of a single channel in a DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing) system, so the optical DFT waveguide chip structure is expected to be used for the signal modulation and orthogonal multiplexing of an optical communication backbone network. In the invention, based on the advanced photonic integration technology, a waveguide structure for realizing all optical Fourier transform is designed, and the dual-driven Mach-Zehnder modulator arrays are integrated; and meanwhile, the structure is compact, and the power consumption is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication and photon integrated technology field, relate in particular to a kind of based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, this structure is used for the single-channel signal modulation of backbone network dense wavelength division multiplexing system, realizes the signal transmission of high speed code check with lower modulation rate.
Background technology
In optical communication field, the channel spacing of dense wavelength division multiplexing system (DWDM) has narrowed down to 100GHz, yet because the existence of four-wave mixing effect and wave length shift, the wavelength interval is difficult to further dwindle.How to make full use of single-channel bandwidth resources, become a big hot technology of optical communication backbone transport net.
According to the conventional method, people are by adopting the time-division multiplex technology (TDM) in electric territory or light territory, in the hope of making full use of single-channel channel capacity.But raising along with code check, especially be higher than 10Gbps when above, adopt the time-division multiplex technology transmitting optical signal to propose harsher restriction, and the operating rate of photoelectric device be high more optical fiber dispersion and intersymbol interference, cost is then expensive more, therefore has been subjected to restriction significantly.
In order further to promote bandwidth availability ratio, development in recent years the quadrature phase modulation technique (OQPSK) of full light, this technology has been utilized four phase informations of light, makes a light signal can represent two code element information; Thereby improve under the situation of modulation rate not needing, transmission rate is doubled.Yet transmission code rate is above if will reach 100Gbps, adopts the QPSK technology merely not enough; So orthogonal amplitude modulation technique (QAM) has been arranged again, this technology has been carried out amplitude modulation(PAM) when having utilized optical phase information, so that single light signal characterizes more code element information, improves bandwidth availability ratio to a greater degree.
But, orthogonal amplitude modulation technique (QAM) will propose harsh requirement to the speed of digital analog converter.As everyone knows, electronic information is handled than light signal and is handled, and its speed has been subjected to considerable restraint (still being in hundred order of megahertz at present), also is so-called electronic bottleneck effect.
Therefore, reach the transmission code rate of hundred GHz magnitudes, must rely on the optical information processing technology, and reduce requirement electrical modulation speed.In order to address this problem, we have done sufficient investigation research, in the hope of seeking the method that a kind of photon information is handled, are implemented under the lower electrical modulation speed, promote bandwidth availability ratio greatly, and promote the transmission performance of resisting chromatic dispersion and intersymbol interference.
Photon information has a very important notion in handling, and is exactly Fourier transform, and it is the mapping algorithm between a kind of frequency domain and time domain: a time-domain signal can be characterized by the form of the frequency domain components sum of quadrature, thereby solve frequency domain information; Can be time-domain signal with the information conversion on the frequency domain conversely also.Relate to the digital optical field thus, can utilize the optics discrete fourier transform algorithm to realize the multiplexing of signal in theory; Generally, then be to regard multiple signals as on the frequency domain information, transmit by the synthetic time-domain signal of this algorithm, utilize algorithm for inversion then, with the information demultiplexing on the frequency domain, thereby improve bandwidth availability ratio.We therefrom obtain to inspire, and expect by the photon integrated technology, design specific optical waveguide structure and realize this process.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to utilize the photon integrated technology, provide the waveguide chip structure of a kind of multidiameter delay quadrature phase modulation (OQPSK) and full light discrete Fourier transform (ODFT), to be implemented in the function that lower modulation rate is issued to high code check transmission.In our specific embodiment, adopt 4 groups (8 tunnel) parallel 12.5Gbps electrical modulation signal source and the optical pulse generator of 12.5GHz, by chip structure of the present invention, one tunnel light pulse is divided into four road signals, carry out the quadrature phase modulation respectively, pass through full light discrete Fourier transform again, realize the signal transmission of 100Gbps.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, this waveguide chip structure comprises Y type waveguide cascade structure, four two Mach zehnder modulators array and four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units of driving, and has realized quadrature phase modulation (QPSK) and the orthogonal multiplex of four tunnel parallel light pulses.
In the such scheme, described Y type waveguide cascade structure is formed by a Y type waveguide Y 1, the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2, the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3, the 4th Y type waveguide Y 4, the 5th Y type waveguide Y 5 and 6 cascades of the 6th Y type waveguide Y, be used to guarantee that the passage light path of each road correspondence all equates, wherein, two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the one Y type waveguide Y 1 are 3: 1, the former inserts the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2, and the latter inserts the 4th pair and drives Mach zehnder modulators array M4; Two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2 are 2: 1, and the former inserts the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3, and the latter inserts the 3rd pair and drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3; Two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3 are 1: 1, insert first pair respectively and drive Mach zehnder modulators array M1 and second couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M2.
In the such scheme, described four two Mach zehnder modulators arrays that drive comprise that first pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M1, second pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and the 4th a couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4, it is respectively applied for the digital modulation of carrying out full light signal, wherein, first pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M1, second pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and the 4th a pair of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4 parallel arranged; Signal electrode I1, Q1, I2, Q2, I3, Q3, I4, Q4 go between by chip bottom, external digital modulation signals source; Electrode GND is a grounding electrode.
In the such scheme, described four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units comprise the first full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1, the second full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F2, the 3rd full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F3 and the 4th full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F4, wherein, the first full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1, the second full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F2, the 3rd full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F3 and the 4th full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F4 drive Mach zehnder modulators array M1 with four parallel first pair respectively, second pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and is connected by waveguide with the 4th a couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4.
In the such scheme, it is characterized in that described four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units all are made of four sections waveguides respectively, long son section doped lithium columbate for L is all chosen in each section waveguide, obtains additional phase shift.The phase-shift value of described additional phase shift is provided with according to the discrete Fourier transform formula.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme as can be seen, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital provided by the invention modulation and orthogonal multiplex adopts the photon integrated technology, and integrated two driving Mach zehnder modulators MZM arrays, has realized that the Parallel Digital of four road light signals is modulated and orthogonal multiplex.
2, the waveguide chip structure of this four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation provided by the invention and orthogonal multiplex is based on the light discrete Fourier transform, by the orthogonal coding of optical phase, realizes the multiplexing of multipath light signal; This waveguide chip structure is used just can transmit high-speed signals than the device of low rate, compares traditional time-division multiplex technology, has improved the tolerance limit of chromatic dispersion and intersymbol interference greatly, has promoted the transmission performance of communication system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation provided by the invention and orthogonal multiplex;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of right side discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1 in the waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital provided by the invention modulation and orthogonal multiplex;
Fig. 3 is the concrete enforcement diagram of the present invention in practical communication system.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital provided by the invention modulation and orthogonal multiplex adopts the photon integrated technology, and integrated two driving moral phase modulator array Mach once, has realized that the Parallel Digital of four road light signals is modulated and orthogonal multiplex.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation provided by the invention and orthogonal multiplex, this waveguide chip structure comprises Y type waveguide cascade structure, four two Mach zehnder modulators array and four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units of driving, and has realized quadrature phase modulation (QPSK) and the orthogonal multiplex of four tunnel parallel light pulses.
Wherein, described Y type waveguide cascade structure is formed by a Y type waveguide Y 1, the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2, the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3, the 4th Y type waveguide Y 4, the 5th Y type waveguide Y 5 and 6 cascades of the 6th Y type waveguide Y, be used to guarantee that the passage light path of each road correspondence all equates, wherein: two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of a Y type waveguide Y 1 are 3: 1, the former inserts Y2, and the latter inserts M4; Two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2 are 2: 1, and the former inserts Y3, and the latter inserts M3; Two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the 3rd Y type waveguide are 1: 1, insert M2 and M1 respectively; The cascade connection of Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, Y6 as shown in Figure 1.
Described four pairs of drivings Mach zehnder modulators arrays comprise that first pair drives a Mach zehnder modulators array M1, second couple of a driving Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and the 4th a couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4, it is respectively applied for the digital modulation of carrying out full light signal, wherein: M1, M2, M3, M4 parallel arranged, form by waveguide, two signal electrodes (I, Q) and the grounding electrode (GND) of two sections doped lithium columbate respectively.
Described four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units comprise the first full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1, the second full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F2, the 3rd full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F3 and the 4th full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F4, and wherein: four Wave guide units (F1, F2, F3, F4) link to each other by waveguide with four parallel Mach zehnder modulators (M1, M2, M3, M4) respectively.Described four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units all are made of four sections waveguides respectively, realize pulse delay and phase shift, i.e. optics discrete Fourier transform.Wherein, the length difference of four sections Waveguide branchings between in twos is the light pulse space width that is adopted, the lithium niobate of the son section doping debita spissitudo of the long z of being is all chosen in each section waveguide, obtain additional phase shift, the phase-shift value of this additional phase shift is provided with according to the discrete Fourier transform formula, i.e. n bar waveguide channels in the full optical Fourier transform Wave guide unit of k, the phase shift value is
Concrete grammar is realized by the doping content of control lithium niobate.See also table 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of right side discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1 in the waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital provided by the invention modulation and orthogonal multiplex.Elaborate as example below.As shown in the figure, the 3rd section waveguide channels (W3) is than first section waveguide channels (W1), the 4th section waveguide channels (W4) is than the light path of each long two pulse duration of second section waveguide channels (W2), second section waveguide channels (W2) is than the light path of the long pulse duration of first section waveguide channels (W1), utilize optical path difference to realize the arrangement of light pulse sequential, the dash area doped lithium columbate is realized the optics phase shift.The concrete practice is that selection length is waveguide segment (P1, P2, P3, P4) the injection lithium niobate of z, changes waveguide index, thereby realizes added phase shift, and wherein, the relational expression of added phase shift and variations in refractive index is
The waveguide index that Δ n introduces for mixing changes, and regulates by control lithium niobate doping content; λ
0Be the Communication ray wavelength that is adopted.
The branch road length L and the additional phase shift of discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit among the present invention
Numerical value is referring to following table.
Table 1:
Annotate: T
pBe pulse duration, c is the light velocity, i.e. c=310
8M/s, the L in the table
0Be the datum length of waveguide arm,
According to the chip size choose reasonable.
Refer again to Fig. 3, at first produce the light pulse sequence of characteristic frequency, and send into the waveguide chip structure of four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation provided by the invention and orthogonal multiplex from the A port by optical pulse generator.Four two driving Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) are used for the quadrature phase modulation (QPSK) of four tunnel light pulses, and drive signal is provided by the signal source of outside, has 8 tunnel synchronous parallel modulation signals.Modulation code check with each road signal is that 12.5Gbps is an example, and required optical pulse frequency is 12.5GHz, and pulse width T p then is controlled to be 20ps or following, by the clock triggering of modulating signal source.
In the design, do not having under the modulation signal effect, the doping content by the control lithium niobate or regulate bias voltage guarantees to be differing of pi/2 between each two two arm that drive the Mach zehnder modulators; Modulation signal adopts nonreturn to zero code NRZ, and code check is 12.5Gbps, and the logical one drive level makes each two waveguide arm that drive the Mach zehnder modulators produce additional π phase shift; Four road light pulse sequences after ovennodulation, enter four discrete Fourier transform unit (F1, F2, F3, F4) respectively respectively.In such discrete Fourier transform unit, the light pulse of each road after ovennodulation is divided into 4 branch roads, passes through different waveguide channels respectively, produces different time-delays and phase shift thus, and wherein waveguide channels length and added phase shift are referring to table 1; Be superimposed upon one then, just done once full light discrete Fourier transform.Suppose a rectangular light pulse
Through k two Mach zehnder modulators (M that drives
k) quadrature phase modulation (QPSK), the modulation signal of loading is I
kAnd Q
k, by the full light discrete fourier Wave guide unit of k of the present invention, can obtain the pulse train formed by 4 pulses, promptly finish the full light discrete Fourier transform of this pulse, on mathematics, can be expressed as:
Four road such pulse trains are superimposed upon one, from the output of B port, have just done 4 * 4 complete optics discrete Fourier transforms.The result is multiplexed with one the tunnel with four road light signals exactly and transmits, and mathematical notation is as follows:
At system receiving terminal, utilize reverse discrete Fourier transform, just can be with the signal demultiplexing.
The present invention also utilizes the OptiSystem of optical communication system simulation software to carry out system emulation, has verified the feasibility of this structure.If each multiplexing road signal adopts the QPSK modulation classification, then can use 8 speed only to realize the transfer of data of 100Gbps as parallel two driving Mach zehnder modulators of 12.5Gbps, and do not need modulator or the optical switch of 100Gbps, greatly reduce system complexity and cost.Simulation result shows accurately transmission signals of this structure, and data after the demodulation and initial data are coincide.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. waveguide chip structure based on modulation of four tunnel Parallel Digital of light discrete Fourier transform and orthogonal multiplex, it is characterized in that, this waveguide chip structure comprises Y type waveguide cascade structure, four two Mach zehnder modulators array and four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units of driving, and has realized the quadrature phase modulation and the orthogonal multiplex of four tunnel parallel light pulses.
2. according to claim 1 based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, it is characterized in that, described Y type waveguide cascade structure is by a Y type waveguide Y 1, the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2, the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3, the 4th Y type waveguide Y 4, the 5th Y type waveguide Y 5 and 6 cascades of the 6th Y type waveguide Y form, be used to guarantee that the passage light path of each road correspondence all equates, wherein, two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the one Y type waveguide Y 1 are 3:1, the former inserts the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2, and the latter inserts the 4th pair and drives Mach zehnder modulators array M4; Two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the 2nd Y type waveguide Y 2 are 2: 1, and the former inserts the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3, and the latter inserts the 3rd pair and drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3; Two Waveguide branching splitting ratios of the 3rd Y type waveguide Y 3 are 1: 1, insert first pair respectively and drive Mach zehnder modulators array M1 and second couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M2.
3. according to claim 1 based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, it is characterized in that, described four two Mach zehnder modulators arrays that drive comprise that first pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M1, second pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and the 4th a couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4, it is respectively applied for the digital modulation of carrying out full light signal, wherein, first pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M1, second pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and the 4th a pair of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4 parallel arranged; Signal electrode I1, Q1, I2, Q2, I3, Q3, I4, Q4 go between by chip bottom, external digital modulation signals source; Electrode GND is a grounding electrode.
4. according to claim 1 based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, it is characterized in that, described four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units comprise the first full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1, the second full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F2, the 3rd full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F3 and the 4th full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F4, wherein, the first full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F1, the second full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F2, the 3rd full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F3 and the 4th full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide unit F4 drive Mach zehnder modulators array M1 with four parallel first pair respectively, second pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M2, the 3rd pair drives Mach zehnder modulators array M3 and is connected by waveguide with the 4th a couple of driving Mach zehnder modulators array M4.
5. according to claim 4 based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, it is characterized in that, described four full light discrete Fourier transform Wave guide units all are made of four sections waveguides respectively, long son section doped lithium columbate for L is all chosen in each section waveguide, obtains additional phase shift.
6. according to claim 5 based on four tunnel Parallel Digital modulation of light discrete Fourier transform and the waveguide chip structure of orthogonal multiplex, it is characterized in that the phase-shift value of described additional phase shift is provided with according to the discrete Fourier transform formula.
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