CN102162834A - Battery voltage detecting device in serially-connected battery pack and method of battery voltage detecting device - Google Patents
Battery voltage detecting device in serially-connected battery pack and method of battery voltage detecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102162834A CN102162834A CN2010105978366A CN201010597836A CN102162834A CN 102162834 A CN102162834 A CN 102162834A CN 2010105978366 A CN2010105978366 A CN 2010105978366A CN 201010597836 A CN201010597836 A CN 201010597836A CN 102162834 A CN102162834 A CN 102162834A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery voltage detecting device in serially-connected battery pack and a method of the battery voltage detecting device. The device comprises a switch module for selectively connecting a positive pole and a negative pole of any one battery with a first bus and a second bus respectively, a voltage-to-current (V-I) conversion module of which the output end current is in a linear relation with the voltage between the first bus and the second bus, a current-to-voltage (I-V) conversion module for converting a current signal at the output end of the V-I conversion module into a voltage signal in linear relation, an analogue to digital (A/D) converter for acquiring the voltage signal and converting the voltage signal into a digital signal, and a controller for controlling the switch module and processing and displaying the information received from the A/D converter. The circuit of the invention is simple; the implementation cost is reduced, and the detection precision is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the voltage detecting technology, relate in particular to battery voltage detector and method thereof in the series battery, be applied to the voltage detecting that cell in the series battery is used in fields such as pure electric automobile, mixed power electric car, FC-EV, electric ship, backup type communication power supply.
Background technology
Backup type communication battery, electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle etc. utilize multiple batteries that power is provided usually, and these batteries are cascaded usually so that higher voltage to be provided.Because the difference between the battery individuality, and the restriction of battery operated voltage platform, this series connected battery need battery equilibrium and cell safety protection to prevent that battery lost efficacy in advance and avoids occurring safety problem.Therefore, system needs accurately to detect the voltage of each battery.Existing market has been developed a lot of related systems and technology, satisfies the detection requirement of cell voltage, specifically has following several:
1. electric resistance partial pressure method, this method are because the restriction of measuring element performance, and the high voltage that is detected must be depressured to the situation of can accepting by high-accuracy resitstance voltage divider.In suc scheme, voltage high resistance dividing potential drop ratio more is big more, and the voltage error that causes simultaneously is also big more.Therefore, require the A/D resolution of sampling very high in high-voltage system, this has just greatly improved the cost of product, and has increased the realization difficulty of product.
The application people be Yazaki Corp, publication number be 2003-240806 Japanese Patent Application Publication a kind of system, be used for measuring the voltage of single battery of a plurality of batteries of series connection, this system comprises a plurality of electronic switches that are connected with a plurality of batteries, and wherein each side at each battery connects a switch.First bus be electrically connected to electronic switch every one second side, second bus is electrically connected to second side of each electronic switch that is not connected with first bus.Between bus, be connected with electric capacity.Four bus switchs are electrically connected to electric capacity and bus: being connected between the either side that a pair of bus switch allows electric capacity and the amplifier, and being connected between another allows electric capacity to bus switch either side and the ground.The system of this patent disclosure can not adopt and use the MOSFET transistor npn npn to realize as switch, because must extract some electric currents from system, so that MOSFET opens.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, battery voltage detector and method thereof in a kind of series battery are provided, to improve accuracy of detection and to reduce cost.
Battery voltage detector in the series battery provided by the invention comprises the series battery that is connected and composed by a plurality of battery series connection, also comprises:
Switch module is optionally connected the positive pole and the negative pole of arbitrary battery respectively with first bus and second bus;
The V-I modular converter connects first bus and second bus, and the voltage between the electric current of its output terminal and first bus and second bus is linear;
The I-V modular converter is connected with the output terminal of V-I modular converter, is used for the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal is converted to linear voltage signal;
Analog to digital converter is connected with the I-V modular converter, gathers described voltage signal, and described voltage signal is converted to digital signal;
Controller is electrically connected with switch module and analog to digital converter, is used for the gauge tap module, and the information that receives from analog to digital converter is processed and displayed.
The present invention also provides the battery voltage detection method in the series battery, and series battery is connected and composed by a plurality of battery series connection, and this method comprises:
Controller is controlled switch module, so that the positive pole of a battery in the series battery and negative pole are switched on or switched off with first bus and second bus respectively;
The V-I modular converter is the voltage transitions between first bus and second bus linear output end current;
The I-V modular converter is converted to linear voltage signal to the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal;
Analog to digital converter is gathered described voltage signal, and described voltage signal is converted to digital signal;
Controller is handled obtaining detecting magnitude of voltage the information that receives from analog to digital converter, and described detection magnitude of voltage is shown.
Battery voltage detector and method thereof in the series battery that provides are provided, circuit is simple, and implementation cost is low, has avoided the too much overtension of series-connected cell quantity to cause precision problem, reduce the A/D sampling and distinguished rate, and avoided measuring the long measuring error problem that causes in loop.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the frame circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, series battery comprises 5 batteries that are connected in series, and these 5 batteries sequentially are expressed as from CELL1 to CELL5 in the accompanying drawings.Battery is preferably lithium battery, and the voltage after the cell charging is 4.2 volts (V), so series battery provides the total voltage of 21V.Certainly, employed 5 lithium batteries of present embodiment should not be considered to be restrictive, and the present invention can use the battery of any amount, type or capacity.Those skilled in the art recognize that in fact each battery can be to be connected in parallel and to depress the battery of several physics of work in same electrical, to improve the whole volume of series battery.
Switch module comprises 5 first electronic switch and 5 second electronic switches that are expressed as SK0 to SK4 in turn of being expressed as SW1 to SW5 in turn, the anode of each battery connects the first bus B US_A by one of them first electronic switch separately, the negative electrode of each battery connects the second bus B US_B by one of them second electronic switch separately, specifically be expressed as in the present embodiment, the anode of battery CELL1 is opened SW1 by first electronics and is connected the first bus B US_A, its negative electrode connects the second bus B US_B by the second electronic switch SK0, the anode of battery CELL2 is opened SW2 by first electronics and is connected the first bus B US_A, its negative electrode connects the second bus B US_B by the second electronic switch SK1, and the like.When first electronic switch or second electronic switch closes, the switch ends circuit communication; On the contrary, when first electronic switch or the disconnection of second electronic switch, the switch ends circuit disconnects.When first electronic switch that connects some cell anodes with when being connected second electronic switch closes of its negative pole, the voltage signal of this battery just passes through the first bus B US_A and the second bus B US_B and exports.Preferably, utilize transistor to realize first electronic switch and second electronic switch, thereby can realize changing and need not movable part (i.e. " solid-state " realization) by the TURP that electronic switch is carried out.More preferably, first electronic switch and second electronic switch are Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), use MOSFET rather than mechanical type or relay system switch, greatly reduce the implementation cost of system, and improved the rate of circulation of measuring battery.Yet each electronic switch also can be implemented with dissimilar transistors, dissimilar field effect transistor, relay or other suitable switching devices.In addition, the operation of first electronic switch and second electronic switch (with other switches) can be called as " disconnection ", " closure " etc. in this application, as the custom that is used for mechanical switch.Yet doing like this is for convenience of purpose, and should not be understood that first electronic switch and second electronic switch (with other switches) are defined as mechanical switch.
Switch module also connects at least one accurate voltage reference unit, the accurate voltage reference unit provides known reference voltage, be used for error correction and loop and detect, the accurate voltage device provides calibration system guaranteeing the precision of measuring voltage, and can verify the integrality in loop.The mistake of raising system and fault self-checking ability.
The V-I modulus of conversion connects first bus and second bus, its output terminal connects the I-V modular converter, the V-I modular converter is used to gather the voltage between first bus and second bus, and makes the electric current of its output terminal and this voltage linear, this voltage signal is converted to the current signal of output terminal.Referring to Fig. 2, the V-I modular converter comprises amplifier AR1, precisely power supply and additional device accordingly, the in-phase input end of amplifier AR1 is by resistance R 2, R8 connects the first bus B US_A, the first bus B US_A is by second resistance R, 4 ground connection, the second bus B US_B is ground connection also, the inverting input of amplifier AR1 is connected accurate power supply by resistance R 1 with first resistance R 3, precisely the power supply value of providing is the accurate voltage of Uref, between the resistance R 1 and first resistance R 3, draw the source electrode of single line connection MOSFET P, the output terminal of amplifier AR1 is by the grid of resistance R 5 connection MOSFET P, and the drain electrode of MOSFET P connects the I-V modular converter.First resistance R 3 is high-accuracy resistance.Because the effect of following of amplifier AR1, the monomer battery voltage that is detected (voltage between first bus and second bus just) is converted into the current signal of the linear relationship that enters the I-V modular converter.
The I-V modular converter is connected with the output terminal of V-I modular converter, is used for the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal is converted to linear voltage signal.The I-V modular converter can be resistance or resistance circuit, as electric current by the time produce with the linear pressure of this electric current and fall.The I-V modular converter can also be to have other circuit or other components and parts that the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal are converted to linear voltage signal.Referring to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the I-V modular converter is the sampling resistor R6 that high precision, low temperature float, and the end of sampling resistor R6 connects the drain electrode of MOSFET P, other end ground connection.
Analog to digital converter is connected with the I-V modular converter, is used to gather the voltage signal of I-V modular converter conversion, this voltage signal is converted to digital signal and sends in the controller.Controller is electrically connected with analog to digital converter, after the information that receives from analog to digital converter is handled, can obtain detecting the magnitude of voltage of battery, and this value is shown.Controller is connected with switch module, switch module is carried out control, a plurality of first switches in the switch module and the break-make situation of second switch are controlled by controller, first switch and the break-make of the second switch voltage of selecting measure which cell of controller by control cell positive and negative end.Controller can be other the similar devices known to microprocessor, microcontroller, computing machine, special IC (ASIC) or those skilled in the art.
The principle of work of present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2.
Uref represents accurate power source voltage, makes Uref＞2Ubn (max);
UB is illustrated in the magnitude of voltage that measures on the sampling resistor R6;
R7 represents to measure the cabling internal resistance and the internal resistance of cell summation in loop;
The resistance value of first resistance R 3 and sampling resistor R6 is expressed as R3 and R6 respectively, establishes k=R3/R6, the loop just often make R3＞＞R7, R6＞＞R7;
Ubn represents the voltage of the battery CELL-N that system will measure;
Ucell is expressed as all battery BAT-Z (N-1 battery of first battery to the just) series connection total voltage of cell CELL-N lower end in the series battery;
When Uref-(Uref+Ucell) * R3 ÷ (R3+R7+R6)≤Ubn:
Since the effect of following of amplifier AR1, A point voltage UA=Ubn---------(1);
By (2) formula as can be known, the monomer battery voltage that is detected converts the current signal that has linear relationship with it to;
Equal the electric current of R3, i.e. I1=UB ÷ R6--------(3) by the electric current of R6;
By (3) formula as can be known, the current signal that comes out from the V-I modular converter converts the voltage signal that has proportionate relationship with it to;
According to (1), (2) and (3) Shi Kede, Ubn=Uref-UB * k-----(4);
By (4) formula as can be known, it is irrelevant with measuring loop resistance to install between last detected cell voltage and the actual cell voltage error, and irrelevant with the residing series position of tested battery, has improved measuring accuracy.
When the present invention detects the monomer voltage in the series battery, in controller, set battery voltage range and cell voltage rate of change earlier.Come the positive pole of a battery in the series battery and negative pole are connected with first bus and second bus respectively by control by controller then to switch module, so just selected one to detect battery, for example, when controller makes the first electronic switch SW3 of switch module and the second electronic switch SK2 closed, the both positive and negative polarity of battery CELL3 has been connected the first bus B US_A and the second bus B US_B respectively, has just chosen battery CELL3 for detecting battery.In this step, can to select measuring battery in order, carry out sequence detection by in controller, making relative set to the monomer battery voltage in the electric battery, controller also can depart from this sequential operation and focus on the specific battery.In case selected the detection battery, the V-I modular converter is converted to linear output end current to the voltage between first bus and second bus (just detecting the voltage of battery), the I-V modular converter is converted to linear voltage signal to the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal, analog to digital converter is gathered this voltage signal, and this voltage signal is converted to digital signal, last controller is handled the information that receives from analog to digital converter, make it to become the corresponding battery magnitude of voltage, and this value is shown.When measuring this cell voltage, controller disconnects the both positive and negative polarity of this battery respectively with first bus and second bus.After controller detects magnitude of voltage, this magnitude of voltage and preset value are compared,, then send fault-signal, send fault-signal and can comprise failure logging in storer or to this fault of user reminding if this magnitude of voltage has exceeded preset value.In addition, the step of sending fault-signal can realize system shutdown, battery automatic cut-out or based on other online managements of battery.Alternatively, can repeat several steps, rather than when the one-time detection voltage readings surpasses preset range, send fault-signal, can if each voltage readings that detects surpasses predetermined scope, send fault-signal again through after the duplicate detection repeatedly.
Claims (9)
1. the battery voltage detector in the series battery comprises the series battery that is connected and composed by a plurality of battery series connection, it is characterized in that described device also comprises:
Switch module is optionally connected the positive pole and the negative pole of arbitrary battery respectively with first bus and second bus;
The V-I modular converter connects first bus and second bus, and the voltage between the electric current of its output terminal and first bus and second bus is linear;
The I-V modular converter is connected with the output terminal of V-I modular converter, is used for the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal is converted to linear voltage signal;
Analog to digital converter is connected with the I-V modular converter, gathers described voltage signal, and described voltage signal is converted to digital signal;
Controller is electrically connected with switch module and analog to digital converter, is used for the gauge tap module, and the information that receives from analog to digital converter is processed and displayed.
2. the battery voltage detector in the series battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described V-I modular converter comprises amplifier, accurate power supply and MOSFET P, the in-phase input end of amplifier connects first bus, first bus is passed through second resistance eutral grounding, the second bus ground connection, and the inverting input of amplifier connects the source electrode of MOSFET P and connects accurate power supply by first resistance, the output terminal of amplifier connects the grid of MOSFET P, and the drain electrode of MOSFET P connects the I-V modular converter.
3. the battery voltage detector in the series battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described I-V modular converter is a sampling resistor, and an end of sampling resistor connects the drain electrode of MOSFET P, other end ground connection.
4. the battery voltage detector in the series battery according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described switch module comprises a plurality of first electronic switches and a plurality of second electronic switch, the quantity of first electronic switch and second electronic switch equates with number of batteries in the series battery, the anode of each battery connects first bus by one of them first electronic switch separately, and the negative electrode of each battery connects second bus by one of them second electronic switch separately.
5. the battery voltage detector in the series battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described first electronic switch and described second electronic switch are transistor or relay.
6. the battery voltage detector in the series battery according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described first electronic switch and described second electronic switch are Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor.
7. the battery voltage detector in the series battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described controller is microprocessor, microcontroller, computing machine or special IC.
8. the battery voltage detection method in the series battery, series battery is connected and composed by a plurality of batteries series connection, it is characterized in that described method comprises:
Controller is controlled switch module, so that the positive pole of a battery in the series battery and negative pole are switched on or switched off with first bus and second bus respectively;
The V-I modular converter is the voltage transitions between first bus and second bus linear output end current;
The I-V modular converter is converted to linear voltage signal to the current signal of V-I modular converter output terminal;
Analog to digital converter is gathered described voltage signal, and described voltage signal is converted to digital signal;
Controller is handled obtaining detecting magnitude of voltage the information that receives from analog to digital converter, and described detection magnitude of voltage is shown.
9. the battery voltage detection method in the series battery according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described controller compares described detection magnitude of voltage and preset value, if described detection magnitude of voltage exceeds preset value, then sends fault-signal.
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| CN108933459B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2023-05-09 | 安徽锐创新能源技术有限公司 | Circuit for measuring cell voltage of battery pack |
| CN109031150A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-18 | 深圳市快车道新能源发展有限公司 | A kind of comparison expression Stringing cells group voltage detecting circuit |
| CN109061510A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-21 | 深圳市快车道新能源发展有限公司 | A kind of floated Stringing cells group voltage collection circuit |
| CN109031150B (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2023-12-01 | 深圳市快车道新能源发展有限公司 | Comparative series battery voltage detection circuit |
| US20230125811A1 (en) * | 2020-03-22 | 2023-04-27 | Irp Nexus Group Ltd | Battery management system (bms) and application |
| EP4091232A4 (en) * | 2020-03-22 | 2024-03-27 | Irp Nexus Group Ltd | Battery management system (bms) and application |
| WO2023108540A1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Voltage measurement circuit and method, and circuit board and control module |
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Application publication date: 20110824 |