CN102160949B - Cationic surfactant micro-bubble absorption liquid for efficiently purifying black smoke and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cationic surfactant micro-bubble absorption liquid for efficiently purifying black smoke and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102160949B CN102160949B CN201110052888XA CN201110052888A CN102160949B CN 102160949 B CN102160949 B CN 102160949B CN 201110052888X A CN201110052888X A CN 201110052888XA CN 201110052888 A CN201110052888 A CN 201110052888A CN 102160949 B CN102160949 B CN 102160949B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to purification of carbon black in black smoke through a wet method in the atmospheric pollution control direction, particularly cationic surfactant micro-bubble absorption liquid and a preparation method thereof. The micro-bubble absorption liquid is prepared by dissolving a cationic surfactant serving as a principle component and anion, inorganic salt and a solubilizing agent in water in a ratio in turn. The absorption liquid has readily available raw materials, is low in cost, simple in preparation method and high in water-solubility, has no corrosion, can be recycled, produces less foam during use, has the efficiency of removing the carbon black in the black smoke in a coal-fired furnace of over 99 percent, and is suitable for black smoke emission enterprises on various scales.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection technical field, be specifically related to the carbon black in the wet cleaning black smoke in the Air Pollution Control direction, particularly a kind of cationic surfactant microvesicle type absorption liquid and compound method thereof.
Background technology
The energy resource structure of China is main with coal, accounts for 75% of total energy structure, and China still is Production of Ceramics big country; Coal-fired ceramic kiln One's name is legion (according to statistics, only ceramic industry year power consumption converting standard coal just has tens million of tons), and be main with medium-sized and small enterprises; Production scale is little; The combustion technology level is not high, can not make coal completing combustion, and the imperfect combustion of coal can produce a large amount of black smokes.The main component of black smoke is carbon black and high-molecular hydrocarbons particle; Carbon black fine particle is in the fuel-rich regions around the kiln coal particle, to produce; The volatile matter that is coal carries out the high-carbon hydrocarbon that multiple effect such as dehydrogenation, cracking, bonding back forms under the high temperature anoxia condition; Be the polyphenyl type hydrocarbons, the strong carcinogen of significant proportion is wherein arranged; Hydrocarbon in the flue gas can cause photochemical pollution under certain condition.Simultaneously, part fuel oil enterprise (as preparing carbon black with heavy oil) is because the imperfect combustion of oil plant also can give off a large amount of black smokes.As the carbon black of one of main component of black smoke, it is that a kind of specific area is big, the particle of particle diameter minimum (average grain diameter is merely about 10nm), and therefore, general particle purifying method is very difficult with its effective purification.So, the rise of ceramic industry with the development promote economic boom with social development in, also brought the serious environmental pollution problem.
Carbon black in the black smoke can float in the atmosphere for a long time, also can form smog, and the carbon black that has adsorbed acidic materials also has corrosivity, pollutes and the corrosion building, does not effectively administer major polluting atmosphere environment, reduces air quality.Simultaneously; Because of being rich in hole and having bigger specific area, it is easy to constantly adsorb other harmful substance in the atmosphere; Like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, heavy metal particle etc.; These particles because of its particle diameter is less can be with the human respiratory system of respiratory compromise, part carbon black (and other harmful substance of absorption) can get into human body lung in addition can be deeply to alveolar, the serious harm health.
Carbon blacksurface has one deck tarry matters, is hydrophobic, can not be by the water effective wetting, so conventional dust-remover technology can not effectively eliminate smoke.Water spray absorption process as commonly used demonstrates hydrophobicity because of carbon blacksurface is rich in oily matter, is difficult to it is removed; The cloth bag rule can not obtain good black smoke clean-up effect because of particle size carbon black is minimum.Flue dust and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions that most coal-fired, oil-firing kiln fire grate is put in the flue gas are up to standard, and that lingemann blackness is failed is up to standard, even exceed several times more than of discharge standards, and its main cause is exactly a large amount of discharging because carbon black is failed by effective purification.Surfactant solution can improve the wettability of solution to carbon black, when this solution contacts with carbon black in waste gas purification apparatus, can remove the carbon black in the flue gas.
The surface-active wet method is removed black smoke and is mainly utilized two kinds of mechanism of action that contain the surfactant absorption liquid: the one, through reducing surface tension, improve the migration ability of carbon black particle in absorption liquid; The 2nd, shorten the wetted time of carbon black particle, in the limited time, improve the amount that the carbon black pellet thing is dissolved in absorption liquid.For removing the part oiliness particulate pollutant in the black smoke, must reduce the surface tension of absorption liquid, shorten the wetting time of particle in absorption process.Many absorption liquids that are the main body with multiple materials such as surfactant, inorganic salts, solubilizer through preparation in the practical application; Reduce surface tension, the wetting time of shortening particle in purification process of absorption liquid, and then realize significantly increasing the purpose that wet method removes carbon black efficient in the black smoke.
But; General cationic surfactant such as softex kw (CTAB) are prone to produce significant foam during as carbon black in removing black smoke of the absorption liquid of unique solute preparation; Directly have influence on the repetition of this surfactant absorption liquid, the long-term use; The absorption liquid cost that uses this surfactant preparation efficiently to purify carbon black pellet thing in the black smoke simultaneously separately is also higher; Therefore, not only to consider the elimination of foam, also will take into account the reduction of cost to the surfactant absorption liquid of this CTAB preparation.
Summary of the invention
Be prone to when using produce foam, defect of high cost, a kind of low cost, microvesicle type absorption liquid and compound method thereof that is used for efficiently purifying the black smoke carbon black is provided to existing absorption liquid.This absorption liquid raw material is easy to get, and compound method is simple, and is water-soluble strong, and non-corrosiveness can recycle, and can reach more than 99% the removal efficiency of carbon black in the coal-fired furnace kiln black smoke, is applicable to the black smoke discharging enterprise of various scales.
A kind of cationic surfactant microvesicle type absorption liquid that is used for efficiently purifying black smoke of the present invention, the weight portion of its component consists of:
Said cationic surfactant is that (CTAB, molecular formula is softex kw: C
19H
42NBr).
Said anion surfactant is that (P-LDBS, molecular formula is straight chain contraposition neopelex: C
18H
29SO
3Na).
Said inorganic salts are sodium chloride or sodium sulphate.
Said solubilizer is ethanol.
The method for preparing microvesicle type absorption liquid of the present invention; Concrete steps are: under 25 ℃-30 ℃; Elder generation is soluble in water according to the above ratio with cationic surfactant, and then anion surfactant, inorganic salts, solubilizer are added successively according to the above ratio, mixes to get final product.
The method for preparing microvesicle type absorption liquid of the present invention; Preferred step is: under 25 ℃; Earlier that the softex kw aforementioned proportion is soluble in water; And then straight chain contraposition neopelex, sodium chloride or sodium sulphate, ethanol added successively according to the above ratio, mix and get final product.
The present invention is main with cationic surfactant, can produce strong electrical function after the certain proportion adding anion surfactant, the surface-active of mixed solution is improved greatly, and the effect of carbon black in absorption liquid and the black smoke is strengthened; The inorganic salts that add higher concentration can make the foaming power of absorption liquid reduce greatly; The adding of small amount of ethanol can increase the meltage of surfactant in water.The absorption liquid surface tension of preparation is lower in this way, can efficiently purify black smoke.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, this absorption liquid raw material is easy to get, and compound method is simple, and is water-soluble strong, and non-corrosiveness can recycle, and to combustion
The removal efficiency of carbon black can reach more than 99% in the coal stove kiln black smoke.
2, this absorption liquid is a microvesicle type absorption liquid, and it is few to produce foam in the use.
The specific embodiment:
In order better to explain the present invention, more than through embodiment the present invention is done further explanation, but do not limit protection scope of the present invention in any form.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of microvesicle type absorption liquid of the present invention:
Under 25 ℃, elder generation is dissolved in 5g softex kw aforementioned proportion in the 1000g water, and then 3g straight chain contraposition neopelex, 30g sodium chloride or sodium sulphate, 9g ethanol are added successively according to the above ratio, mixes to get final product.
Use certain umbrella covering type deduster to be 5000mg/m in carbon black concentration
3, liquid-gas ratio is 0.4L/m
3, empty tower gas velocity is under the condition of 3.5m/s, the removal efficient of carbon black is 99.2% in the black smoke.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of microvesicle type absorption liquid of the present invention:
Under 28 ℃, elder generation is dissolved in 7g softex kw aforementioned proportion in the 1000g water, and then 5g straight chain contraposition neopelex, 40g sodium chloride or sodium sulphate, 10g ethanol are added successively according to the above ratio, mixes to get final product.
Use certain umbrella covering type deduster to be 5000mg/m in carbon black concentration
3, liquid-gas ratio is 0.4L/m
3, empty tower gas velocity is under the condition of 3.5m/s, the removal efficient of carbon black is 99.5% in the black smoke.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of microvesicle type absorption liquid of the present invention:
Under 30 ℃, elder generation is dissolved in 10g softex kw aforementioned proportion in the 1000g water, and then 7g straight chain contraposition neopelex, 55g sodium chloride or sodium sulphate, 15g ethanol are added successively according to the above ratio, mixes to get final product.
Use certain umbrella covering type deduster to be 5000mg/m in carbon black concentration
3, liquid-gas ratio is 0.4L/m
3, empty tower gas velocity is under the condition of 3.5m/s, the removal efficient of carbon black is 99.0% in the black smoke.
Claims (3)
1. cationic surfactant microvesicle type absorption liquid that is used for efficiently purifying black smoke is characterized in that the weight portion of its component consists of:
1 part-15 parts of cationic surfactants,
0.5 part-18 parts of anion surfactants,
10 parts-70 parts in inorganic salts,
2 parts-30 parts of solubilizer,
1000 parts in water;
Said cationic surfactant is a softex kw;
Said anion surfactant is a straight chain contraposition neopelex;
Said inorganic salts are sodium chloride or sodium sulphate;
Said solubilizer is ethanol.
2. the method for preparing the said microvesicle type of claim 1 absorption liquid; It is characterized in that; Concrete steps are: under 25 ℃-30 ℃; Elder generation is soluble in water in the said ratio of claim 1 with cationic surfactant, and then anion surfactant, inorganic salts, solubilizer are added in the said ratio of claim 1 successively, mixes to get final product.
3. the method for preparing the said microvesicle type of claim 1 absorption liquid; It is characterized in that; Concrete steps are: under 25 ℃; Elder generation is soluble in water in the said ratio of claim 1 with softex kw, and then straight chain contraposition neopelex, sodium chloride or sodium sulphate, ethanol are added in the said ratio of claim 1 successively, mixes to get final product.
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| CN201110052888XA CN102160949B (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Cationic surfactant micro-bubble absorption liquid for efficiently purifying black smoke and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201110052888XA CN102160949B (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2011-03-04 | Cationic surfactant micro-bubble absorption liquid for efficiently purifying black smoke and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102160949A CN102160949A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
| CN102160949B true CN102160949B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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| CN106166422A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-30 | 叶君芝 | A kind of haze absorbing liquid and application thereof |
| CN106823627A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | 吉占年 | A kind of gas washing agent |
| CN108176167B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-12-08 | 西安科技大学 | Dedusting and denitration active agent for coal-fired power plant, preparation method, use method and application |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101947433A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江建中竹业科技有限公司 | Multiple-aperture carbon granule air purification agent and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002317623A (en) * | 2001-04-24 | 2002-10-31 | Eiji Kumagai | Black smoke removing system for diesel-powered vehicle |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101947433A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江建中竹业科技有限公司 | Multiple-aperture carbon granule air purification agent and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2002-317623A 2002.10.31 |
| 周杨鑫 等.添加剂和湿法除尘主要参数对炭黑去除效率的影响.《环境科学学报》.2010,第30卷(第12期),第2439-2404页. |
| 添加剂和湿法除尘主要参数对炭黑去除效率的影响;周杨鑫 等;《环境科学学报》;20101231;第30卷(第12期);第2439-2404页 * |
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