CN102160497A - Method for searching heavy metal hyper accumulator - Google Patents
Method for searching heavy metal hyper accumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN102160497A CN102160497A CN 201110002277 CN201110002277A CN102160497A CN 102160497 A CN102160497 A CN 102160497A CN 201110002277 CN201110002277 CN 201110002277 CN 201110002277 A CN201110002277 A CN 201110002277A CN 102160497 A CN102160497 A CN 102160497A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for searching a heavy metal hyper accumulator, screening plants with hyper-accumulation characteristic to heavy metal by utilizing soil seeds and then verifying the hyper-accumulation characteristic of the plants by virtue of a heavy metal concentration gradient experiment. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring soil rich in seed resources from the field and filling the soil into a pot; adding multiple heavy metal solution, waiting seeds in the soil to germinate, wherein the germinated seeds have high tolerance on a heavy metal; when the plants grow up, selecting the plants with high biomass liveweight and high heavy metal tolerance to determine the content of the heavy metal; and selecting the plants with strong accumulation ability to carry out the next heavy metal concentration gradient experiment. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that: 1, the varieties of the plants in a soil seed library are rich, and the accumulation characteristics of multiple plants to multiple heavy metals can be tested in one step; and 2, the soil seed libraries are located everywhere, the experiment is simple and easy to operate, and hyper accumulation plants can be conveniently searched in a global scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soil pollution reparation, promptly a kind of method of seeking heavy metal super-enriched plant.
Background technology
Since the development of industrial and mining enterprises, the excessive use of agrochemical, wastewater irrigation etc., the heavy metal pollution of soil in the China and even the world is more and more serious.Phytoremediation technology is the research focus that present heavy metal pollution is administered, and it has permanent, the original position of governance process of regulation effect, the cheap property of treatment cost, the compatibility of the aesthetics of environment and the advantages such as simplification of post-processed.The key of this technology success is to seek super enriching plant, as As, Pb, Cu, Ni and Co that can enrichment 1000 mg/kg, and the Zn of 10000mg/kg and Mn, the Cd of 100 mg/kg is to the plant shoot branch.Though more than 400 kind of super enriching plant found in the whole world at present, these super enriching plant great majority all are distributed in the torrid zone and subtropical zone, and such distribution has seriously limited the application of phytoremediation technology in the whole world.On the other hand, because most of super enriching plants have all that biomass is little, poor growth, weak resistance, seed is few, lacks the shortcomings such as ability with the endemic plant competition, so the super enriching plant that can really be applied to phytoremediation technology seldom.Therefore seeking effective method screens more super enriching plants and is very important.
At present, most researchers searching super enriching plant all is by following 2 kinds of methods.A kind of is to do field investigation in the place of heavy metal pollution, such as in the mine, the place of heavy metal pollutions such as mine tailing district, metallurgical industry district seeks the plant that grows fine.Another kind is to select some special plants, waits the enrichment degree of measuring heavy metal in their plant as flowers, crops, weeds, herbage.Undoubtedly, these 2 kinds of methods all are that phytoremediation technology has found a lot of super enriching plants.But 2 kinds of methods all have a shortcoming that can not be ignored, and that is exactly floristic finiteness.This shortcoming makes us ignore some under study for action the plant of reparative potential.Therefore, we propose a kind of new method, promptly utilize soil seed bank, soil seed pool to screen super enriching plant from natural resources.Soil seed bank, soil seed pool is meant those visible seed and fruit in soil, discarded object and humus, and it is the warehouse of propagulum.Soil seed bank, soil seed pool is included in the seed of laying in seed for many years in the soil and entering soil recently, so the floristics in the soil seed bank, soil seed pool is very abundant.Utilize soil seed bank, soil seed pool to screen the floristics of super enriching plant in not only can making full use of the natural resources, overcome the shortcoming of above 2 kinds of methods, and soil seed bank, soil seed pool is the convenient super enriching plant of seeking in the world everywhere.
Summary of the invention
In order to seek more multi-metal super enriching plant, the present invention proposes a kind of novel and effective method of seeking heavy metal super-enriched plant, i.e. soil seed bank, soil seed pool-heavy metal concentration gradient method.
The method of this searching heavy metal super-enriched plant is characterized in that, utilizes soil seed bank, soil seed pool to screen the plant that heavy metal is had super enriched character, by the experiment of heavy metal concentration gradient its super enriched character is verified that step is as follows then:
Have the soil that enriches seed resource from field acquisition, sunny weather dries, and sieves, and weighs the dress basin;
Add various heavy solution, then basin is placed in the greenhouse, daily watering waited for the seed germination in the soil, and those seeds that can sprout show that they have strong patience to heavy metal;
After plant grows up, select those that high-biomass is arranged, strong heavy metal patience and aquatic foods are measured its content of beary metal for the kind of domestic and international its heavy metal accumulation feature of report;
Select the strong kind of those accumulation abilities to carry out the experiment of next step heavy metal concentration gradient, a plurality of heavy metal concentrations promptly are set, the checking plant is its heavy metal patience, enriched character and repair ability under soil seed such as sprouts, sows or transplant seedlings at form.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, the floristics in the soil seed bank, soil seed pool is abundant, can many we note at ordinary times less than plant include test specification in, and can the disposable test various plants to the enriched character of various heavy.2, soil seed bank, soil seed pool is everywhere, only needs to gather to have the soil that enriches seed resource and test and get final product, tests simple to operationly, makes things convenient for and seeks super enriching plant in the world.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the experiment of soil seed bank, soil seed pool-heavy metal accumulation plant Preliminary screening each handle in floristics (heavy metal add in the soil after 65 days).
Fig. 2 be the experiment of soil seed bank, soil seed pool-heavy metal accumulation plant Preliminary screening spend less black nightshade manage throughout in content of beary metal (heavy metal add in the soil after 65 days).
Fig. 3 is that black nightshade Cd content and the upperground part biomass are spent in soil seed bank, soil seed pool-Cd concentration gradient test less.
Fig. 4 transplants seedlings-the colored less black nightshade Cd content of Cd concentration gradient test and the upperground part biomass.
Fig. 5 is that (heavy metal added in the soil after 65 days for floristics in the experiment of soil seed bank, soil seed pool-heavy metal accumulation plant Preliminary screening.The highest plant is for spending black nightshade less.Numeral is expressed as follows respectively in the basin: 1-CK, and 2-Cd4,3-Cd8,4-Zn100,5-Pb300,6-Pb600,7-Cu100,8-Cu300).
Embodiment
Below by three each and every one specific embodiments the present invention is described in detail in following:
Embodiment one: soil seed bank, soil seed pool-heavy metal accumulation plant Preliminary screening experiment
Experiment is carried out in greenhouse, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou.Adopt vegetable garden soil from the botanical garden, dry, cross 1 cm sieve, dress basin (￠=30 cm, H=28 cm), every basin is adorned native 12.5 kg, adds CdCl in soil
2, ZnSO
47H2O, Pb (NO
3)
2, CuSO
45H
2O solution, concentration is made as: Cd:4 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg, Zn:100 mg/kg, Pb:300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, Cu:100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg do not add the contrast that is treated to of heavy metal, and repetition is not established in totally 8 processing.Owing to originally plant seed is just arranged in the soil of adopting back, need not sow in addition or transplant seedlings.Add heavy metal solution after 65 days, floristics (Fig. 1) in evaluation and the record basin in all plants, finds to spend less black nightshade to behave oneself best in all are handled, and outward appearance does not show any symptom of being injured, the biomass maximum, and aquatic foods are report (Fig. 5).So gather in the crops this plant, under 70 ℃, dry to constant weight, (AAS) measures its content of beary metal with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Experimental result is as follows:
Compared with the control, spending black nightshade acrial part biomass less is that 300 mg/kg and Cu concentration increase when being 100 mg/kg to some extent in P in soil b concentration, is that 4 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg, Zn concentration are 100 mg/kg, slightly descend when Pb concentration is 600 mg/kg in soil Cd concentration.Spend black nightshade less when soil Cu concentration is 300 mg/kg, do not have seed germination.Spend the interior content of beary metal of black nightshade body along with Cd in the soil less, Zn, Pb, the concentration of Cu increases and increases.The Cd of plant root, Zn, Pb, Cu content all is higher than plant shoot content.Spend black nightshade energy enrichment Zn and Pb seldom less, the Cu concentration coefficient is less than 1.But Cd then makes an exception, and when Cd content reaches 8 mg/kg in the soil, spends black nightshade root and overground part Cd content to be respectively 114 mg/kg and 18 mg/kg less, and concentration coefficient is 2.3(Fig. 2).
The above results shows, spends black nightshade not strong to the patience of Zn, Pb, Cu less, and accumulation ability is lower; But Cd is had stronger patience, and the energy enrichment is stronger.
Embodiment two: soil seed bank, soil seed pool-Cd concentration gradient test
By above-mentioned preliminary experiment (embodiment one), found that, spend black nightshade that Cd is had very strong patience less, and Cd(Fig. 2 that can the enrichment high level).In order further to find out patience and the absorbing capacity of few colored black nightshade to Cd, then design Cd concentration gradient experimental examination it to patience and the enriched character of Cd.
Experiment is carried out in greenhouse, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou.Use the same vegetable garden soil of above-mentioned screening experiment, dress basin (￠=16 cm, H=14 cm), every basin 2 kg.Because the existing seed of spending black nightshade less in the soil, so need not to sow or transplant seedlings.In soil, add CdCl
2Solution, Cd concentration is respectively 0,8,15,30,60 and 100 mg/kg, totally 6 processing repeat 4 times.Need regimen condition according to plant is watered.When treating that plant 3 cm are high, thinning, every basin stays 3 seedlings.Plant germination was gathered in the crops after 70 days, dried to constant weight under 70 ℃, and (AAS) measures its content of beary metal with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Experimental result is as follows:
In the whole growth stage of plant, spend black nightshade and triquetrousc murdannia herb the upperground part biomass under experiment Cd concentration, significantly not to reduce compared with the control less.Spend the Cd content in the black nightshade body all to increase and significantly increase less with Cd concentration in the soil, when soil Cd concentration is 100 mg/kg, spend black nightshade root Cd content up to 544 mg/kg less, stem, leaf Cd content reach 132 mg/kg and 158 mg/kg, overground part Cd content reaches 142 mg/kg, the critical content standard that surpasses the Cd super enriching plant, i.e. overground part Cd content 100 mg/kg.Concentration coefficient in all are handled all greater than 1(Fig. 3).
The above results shows, spend black nightshade less when soil Cd interpolation concentration is 100 mg/kg, Cd content all reaches the required critical content standard of super enriching plant in its cauline leaf, and concentration coefficient is greater than 1, extremely strong to the patience of Cd simultaneously, essential characteristic with Cd super enriching plant is the super enriching plant of Cd.
Embodiment three: transplant seedlings-test of Cd concentration gradient:
Experiment is carried out in greenhouse, South China Botanical Garden, Guangzhou.Use the same vegetable garden soil of above-mentioned screening experiment, dress basin (￠=30 cm, H=28 cm), every basin is adorned native 12.5 kg, adds the CdCl of variable concentrations then to soil
2Solution.According to soil Cd concentration is 0,8,15,30, and 60,100 mg/kg add, and totally 6 concentration are handled, and repeat 4 times.Balance was poured out mixing with the soil in each basin after 1 month, so that heavy metal in the soil and nutrient all evenly distribute, refilled in the engagement.With the few colored black nightshade seedling replanting engagement of 5cm height (behind the seed sprouting 10 days), 3 healthy seedlings of every basin.Growing period needs the regimen condition to water according to plant, and the back 60 days results plants of transplanting seedlings dry to constant weight under 70 ℃, and (AAS) measures its content of beary metal with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Experimental result is as follows:
Spend black nightshade the upperground part biomass under experiment Cd concentration, significantly not reduce compared with the control less, except soil Cd concentration is that 100 mg/kg significantly are lower than contrast.Cd content in the plant corpus all increases and significantly increases with Cd concentration in the soil, when soil Cd concentration is 60 mg/kg, spend black nightshade root Cd content up to 473 mg/kg less, stem, leaf Cd content reach 215 mg/kg and 251 mg/kg, overground part Cd content reaches 230 mg/kg, the critical content standard that surpasses the Cd super enriching plant, i.e. overground part Cd content 100 mg/kg, and its concentration coefficient in all are handled all greater than 1(Fig. 4).
The above results shows, spend black nightshade less when soil Cd interpolation concentration is 60 mg/kg, Cd content all reaches the required critical content standard of super enriching plant in its cauline leaf, and concentration coefficient is greater than 1, extremely strong to the patience of Cd simultaneously, essential characteristic with Cd super enriching plant is the super enriching plant of Cd.
Claims (2)
1. a method of seeking heavy metal super-enriched plant is characterized in that, utilizes soil seed bank, soil seed pool to screen the plant that heavy metal is had super enriched character, by the experiment of heavy metal concentration gradient its super enriched character is verified that step is as follows then:
One, have the soil that enriches seed resource from field acquisition, sunny weather dries, and sieves, and weighs the dress basin;
Two, add various heavy solution, then basin is placed in the greenhouse, daily watering waited for the seed germination in the soil, and those seeds that can sprout show that they have strong patience to heavy metal;
Three, after plant grows up, select those that high-biomass is arranged, strong heavy metal patience and aquatic foods are measured its content of beary metal for the kind of domestic and international its heavy metal accumulation feature of report;
Four, select the strong kind of those accumulation abilities to carry out next step heavy metal concentration gradient experiment, a plurality of heavy metal concentrations promptly are set, checking plant its heavy metal patience, enriched character and repair ability in soil.
2. a kind of method of seeking heavy metal super-enriched plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the heavy metal concentration gradient assay format of the ability of checking plant its heavy metal patience, enriched character and reparation in soil has seed germination, sows or transplants seedlings.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105797969A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Screening method of restoration plants for soil heavy metal chromium |
| CN106180177A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-07 | 赵月 | A kind of method repairing waters heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN106903148A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-30 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | The method that navajoite contaminated soil is repaired using bacillus subtilis Qiangization Han dish |
| CN109819804A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-31 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of method of determining salt sward seed to Heavy Metal Tolerance threshold value |
| CN110523774A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 武汉工程大学 | The method for discarding lead contamination in ground using the plant combined removal phosphorus ore of indigenous microorganism- |
| CN111837779A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Ligustrum lucidum breeding method with high cadmium enrichment |
| CN113228870A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-10 | 广东工业大学 | Tree species screening method for composite heavy metal pollution remediation |
| CN115643981A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-31 | 湘南学院 | Screening method for varieties of local super-enriched heavy metal plants |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1433676A (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2003-08-06 | 中山大学 | Method for cultivating nobal metal enriched transgenic plant by total |
| CN1568668A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Screening method for heavy metal enriched / accumulated plant |
-
2011
- 2011-01-07 CN CN 201110002277 patent/CN102160497B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1433676A (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2003-08-06 | 中山大学 | Method for cultivating nobal metal enriched transgenic plant by total |
| CN1568668A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-01-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Screening method for heavy metal enriched / accumulated plant |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105797969A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Screening method of restoration plants for soil heavy metal chromium |
| CN105797969B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-14 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of screening technique of heavy metal-polluted soil chromium rehabilitation plant |
| CN106180177A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-07 | 赵月 | A kind of method repairing waters heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN106903148A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-30 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | The method that navajoite contaminated soil is repaired using bacillus subtilis Qiangization Han dish |
| CN106903148B (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2020-07-03 | 哈尔滨师范大学 | Method for repairing vanadium ore polluted soil by utilizing bacillus subtilis to strengthen rorifolia |
| CN109819804A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-05-31 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of method of determining salt sward seed to Heavy Metal Tolerance threshold value |
| CN110523774A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | 武汉工程大学 | The method for discarding lead contamination in ground using the plant combined removal phosphorus ore of indigenous microorganism- |
| CN111837779A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Ligustrum lucidum breeding method with high cadmium enrichment |
| CN113228870A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-10 | 广东工业大学 | Tree species screening method for composite heavy metal pollution remediation |
| CN115643981A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-31 | 湘南学院 | Screening method for varieties of local super-enriched heavy metal plants |
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| CN102160497B (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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