CN102156788A - Method for simulating transmission property of partial discharge signal in power cable - Google Patents
Method for simulating transmission property of partial discharge signal in power cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simulating transmission property of a partial discharge signal in a power cable, comprising the following steps of: step 1, creating an equivalent circuit model of a coaxial cable under a high frequency signal through an R-L-C network according to electrical parameters of the power cable, and calculating R, L and C distribution parameter matrixes of the equivalent circuit model through a finite element method; step 2, creating a frequency varying factor related finite-different time-domain method iterative model according to the R, L and C distribution parameter matrixes; and step 3, simulating the transmission property of the signal in the cable through the finite-different time-domain method iterative model. The method offers effective help for in-depth study on the transmission property of the partial discharge in the cable, particularly on high-frequency transmission mechanism, and implementing accurate detection and positioning of partial discharge.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the shelf depreciation field, relate in particular to a kind of method of simulating local discharge signal propagation characteristic in power cable.
Background technology
The inner shelf depreciation (PD) that takes place of cable can produce the pulse of frequency up to hundreds of MHz, can be subjected to serious decay and wave form distortion effect when in cable, propagating by the pulse of shelf depreciation generation, therefore for realizing the accurate detection and the location of shelf depreciation, must the high-frequency propagation mechanism of the further investigation shelf depreciation propagation characteristic in cable, especially shelf depreciation in cable.At present, all there is the high and high problem of detection cost of price in the equipment of detection local discharge signal propagation characteristic in cable.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency that prior art exists, the present invention proposes a kind of method of simulation local discharge signal propagation characteristic in power cable with low cost, simple to operate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of method of simulating local discharge signal propagation characteristic in power cable may further comprise the steps successively:
Step 2, according to
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix is set up the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model that relates to the factor that frequently becomes of power cable:
Wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
Moment power cable
The voltage of position;
Expression
Moment power cable
The voltage of position;
,
Expression respectively
Moment power cable
,
The electric current of position;
Expression
Moment power cable
The electric current of position;
LBe distributed inductance;
Be distributed capacitance;
RBe resistance;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing;
Wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
The voltage of moment power cable head end;
Expression
The electric current of moment power cable head end;
,
For
,
The voltage of moment signal source;
Internal resistance for signal source;
Be distributed capacitance;
Be extra electric field intensity;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing;
The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of power cable end is:
Wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
The voltage of moment power cable end;
Expression
The electric current of moment power cable end;
Internal impedance for load;
Be distributed capacitance;
Be extra electric field intensity;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing;
Step 3 adopts the described Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of step 2 to simulate the propagation characteristic of local discharge signal in power cable.
The above-mentioned equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable of setting up under the high-frequency signal is to adopt many conductor transmission line theory.
Above-mentioned
R,
L,
CParameter matrix is to adopt finite element method to calculate.
Above-mentioned Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method electric current iteration mould
Revise by introducing the time domain convolution.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the inventive method has advantage with low cost, simple to operate;
2, the inventive method is applied to finding the solution of cablebreak movable model with Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) iterative model, has solved decoupling zero problem of difficult in the past;
3, the inventive method is further investigation the shelf depreciation propagation characteristic in power cable, particularly high-frequency propagation mechanism, and realizes that the accurate detection and the location of shelf depreciation provide effective help;
4, the inventive method adopts finite element method to calculate the distribution parameter of equivalent-circuit model, it is truer to the simulation of kelvin effect under the high frequency that finite element method calculates distribution parameter, the frequency that more can reflect distribution parameter becomes factor, has changed in the past to calculate the accurately deficiency of match frequency influence of distribution parameter by experimental formula.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the spatial spreading synoptic diagram of equivalent-circuit model of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative process to the equivalent-circuit model of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the demonstration test wiring diagram;
The analog result figure of Fig. 5 for adopting the inventive method to obtain;
The measurement result figure of Fig. 6 for adopting demonstration test shown in Figure 4 to obtain.
Embodiment
For local discharge signal, its frequency can reach more than hundreds of MHz, should not set up the lumped-parameter circuit model this moment under low frequency, and should set up the equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable under the high-frequency signal, according to the equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable under the high-frequency signal, set up proper model and come the propagation characteristic of simulating signal in cable then.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme of the present invention is described further below by embodiment.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as a kind of method of simulating local discharge signal propagation characteristic in power cable that the present invention proposes, specific as follows:
Be the propagation characteristic of research local discharge signal in power cable, can set up the equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable under the high-frequency signal.Concentric cable can be regarded as by many conductor transmission line and constitute under the high-frequency signal, according to many conductor transmission line theory, with heart yearn, inner semiconductor layer, outer semiconductor layer and the screen layer of cable inside all equivalence be transmission line, again since electricity lead
GVery I is ignored, so adopt
R-
L-
CNetwork is set up the equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable under the high-frequency signal.
The distribution parameter of equivalent transmission line can obtain by the cablebreak movable model under the following time domain:
(2)
Wherein,
CFor the distributed capacitance matrix,
LFor the distributed inductance matrix,
RFor resistor matrix,
GBe conductance matrix,
V F (
z,
t) and
I F (
z,
t) be respectively voltage source and current source that the external electromagnetic field excitation produces,
zRepresentation space,
tExpress time.
Because electricity is led in the present embodiment
GVery I is ignored, so formula (2) can be written as:
At present, adopt the distribution parameter matrix of the theoretical equivalent-circuit model of setting up of many conductor transmission line mainly to find the solution by experimental formula, but experimental formula can not accurately be simulated the influence of kelvin effect under the high frequency, greatly reduce the accuracy that distribution parameter calculates, make the difference of equivalent-circuit model and cable actual transmissions characteristic increase.The employing finite element method calculates equivalent-circuit model in the present embodiment
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix, wherein, distributed capacitance is owing to be subjected to frequency influence less, so the distributed capacitance matrix
CUnder electrostatic field, calculate; And distributed inductance and resistance are obvious owing to changed by frequency influence, so the distributed inductance matrix
LAnd resistor matrix
RThe time calculate under the humorous magnetic field.Finite element method more can the real simulated high frequency under the influence of kelvin effect, improved the accuracy that distribution parameter calculates.
The calculating of distributed capacitance is based on the energy principle shown in the formula (4) in the present embodiment:
In the formula (4),
W For calculating the energy in the field domain;
E Be electric field intensity;
D Be electric flux density;
u i Be
iExcitation potential on the conductor;
q i For
iThe quantity of electric charge on the conductor;
Wherein,
q i Can be expressed as:
To obtain in formula (5) the substitution formula (3):
In the formula,
KMatrix is the induction coefficient matrix, is the distributed capacitance matrix that need find the solution
C
The calculating of distributed inductance and resistance then is based on complex impedance and applied power principle, adopts following formula:
In the formula,
ωBe angular frequency;
V IR ,
V II Be respectively coil
iOn the real part and the imaginary part of current potential effective value;
V JR ,
V JI Be respectively coil
jOn the real part and the imaginary part of current potential effective value;
I IR ,
I II Be respectively coil
iIn the real part and the imaginary part of exciting current effective value;
L Ii , L Ij Be respectively conductor
iSelf-induction and conductor
i,
jBetween mutual inductance;
R Ii ,
R Ij Be respectively conductor
iResistance certainly and conductor
i,
jBetween mutual resistance.
In this enforcement heart yearn, inner semiconductor layer, outer semiconductor layer and the screen layer of cable inside are set up the transmission system model as 4 transmission lines, therefore calculate
R,
L,
CParameter matrix is 4 rank matrixes.
Step 2, according to
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix is set up the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model that relates to the factor that frequently becomes of power cable:
Because the decoupling zero of the cablebreak movable model under the time domain is comparatively complicated, therefore according to step 2 gained
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix is set up Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) iterative model of cable wave equation, is illustrated in figure 2 as the equivalent-circuit model according to step 1 gained, along transmission direction according to D
z/ 2 space interval disperses to electric current and voltage, and whole like this transmission line can be divided into 2 * NDZ section.On whole transmission line, voltage
VWith electric current
IThe D of being separated by
z/ 2, total NDZ+1 of voltage discrete point, total NDZ of electric current discrete point, simultaneously, the time is with D
t/ 2 step-length disperses.According to the method described above, the voltage of many conductor transmission line, current wave process become one group of space, temporal discrete point, and its time-space relationship as shown in Figure 3.
According to the single order central-difference formula, the cablebreak movable model under the time domain shown in formula (1) and the formula (2) is dispersed, obtain following Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) iterative model:
K=1 in the formula (11), 2 ... NDZ; K=2 in the formula (12), 3 ... NDZ.
Need to prove, in order to guarantee the stable of model, △
tAnd △
zValue to satisfy condition: △
t≤ △
z/
v, wherein,
vThe max model speed of in many conductor transmission line, propagating for electromagnetic wave,
vMode conversion in the available frequency domain analytic approach obtains.Above-mentioned iterative model has been considered the coupling situation of external electromagnetic field, but the not influence of CONSIDERING BOUNDARY CONDITIONS is therefore invalid to frontier point.
According to Kirchhoff's law, suppose no external electromagnetic field excitation, and do not consider loss, promptly
R=
G=0, discrete and arrangement can obtain Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) iterative model at node 1 and node NDZ+1 place respectively on time domain, i.e. the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of frontier point is specific as follows:
(14)
Formula (13) is Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) iterative model at node 1 place, wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
The voltage of moment power cable head end;
Expression
The electric current of moment power cable head end;
,
For
,
The voltage of moment signal source;
Internal resistance for signal source;
Be distributed capacitance;
Be extra electric field intensity;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing.
Formula (14) is Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (FDTD) iterative model at node NDZ+1 place, wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
The voltage of moment power cable end;
Expression
The electric current of moment power cable end;
Internal impedance for load;
Be distributed capacitance;
Be extra electric field intensity;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing.
With Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model lead-in cable volatility model, if do not consider Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model that parameter becomes factor frequently into:
Because marked change can take place impedance parameter under the high frequency, do not consider that therefore the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of the factor that frequently becomes can not satisfy the needs of cable transient analysis.After considering the skin effect influence, by introducing the above-mentioned Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method electric current of time domain convolution correction iterative model
, obtain after the correction as drag:
?(19)
Wherein,
BThe influence of skin effect during for high frequency;
,
The recursion item
, coefficient
a i ,
a i Value as shown in table 1.
Table 1 coefficient
a i ,
a i Value
n | a i | a i |
1 | 0.07909818 | -0.001148443 |
2 | 0.11543423 | -0.013818329 |
3 | 0.13435380 | -0.05437596 |
4 | 0.21870422 | -0.14216494 |
5 | 0.09822967 | -0.30128437 |
6 | 0.51360484 | -0.5614219 |
7 | -0.209629 | -0.9711713 |
8 | 1.1974447 | -1.6338433 |
9 | 0.01122549 | -2.8951329 |
10 | 0.74425260 | -5.0410969 |
Step 3 adopts the described Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of step 2 to simulate the propagation characteristic of local discharge signal in power cable.
Adopt the inventive method that long single core 110kV copper core crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) cable transient state of a 15m is simulated, above-mentioned cable data specifically is shown in Table 2.At first, according to cable data in the table 2, adopt
R-
L-
CNetwork is set up the equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable under the high-frequency signal; Then, the employing finite element method calculates the equivalent-circuit model of cable
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix; Then, according to
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix is set up the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model that relates to the factor that frequently becomes; At last, inject the simulation local discharge signal in cable head, selected simulation local discharge signal is two exponential waves, wherein wavefront/the wave rear of two exponential waves is 10ns/100ns, simulate the response signal (being voltage responsive) of end shielding layer according to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model that obtains, analog result as shown in Figure 5.
The basic parameter of table 2 twisted polyethylene cable
The parameter amount | Numerical value | The parameter amount | Numerical value |
Conductor nominal section/mm 2 | 240 | Outer semiconductor thickness/mm | 1.0 |
Conductor diameter/mm | 18.40 | Dredge around copper wire shielding cross section/mm 2 | 95 |
Interior semiconductor thickness/mm | 1.5 | Oversheath thickness/mm | 3.4 |
Insulation thickness/mm | 19.0 | The outside diameter of cable/mm | 76.5 |
In order to verify the accuracy of the inventive method, adopt connection line chart shown in Figure 4 to verify the inventive method.As shown in Figure 4, the impulse source that pumping signal takes place in the contrast test is to adopt high pressure nanosecond signal generator, and it can produce the simulation local discharge signal; Used oscillograph bandwidth 100MHz, sampling rate has high-speed sampling and memory function greater than 1GS/s; When impedance ground is 100 Ω.During test, simulation shelf depreciation waveform is elected two exponential waves as, wherein wavefront/the wave rear of two exponential waves is 10ns/100ns, employing sensitivity is the response signal that the High Frequency Current Sensor of 7.65mV/mA is measured cable first and last end shield layer respectively, and the response signal (being voltage responsive) of the end shielding layer that test records as shown in Figure 6.
Comparison diagram 5 and Fig. 6, result show that the simulation result that obtains according to the present invention can both be corresponding with test findings preferably in voltage responsive amplitude and time delay variation, thereby verified correctness of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a method of simulating local discharge signal propagation characteristic in power cable is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps successively:
Step 1 according to the electrical parameter of power cable, adopts
R-
L-
CNetwork is set up the equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable under the high-frequency signal, and the calculating equivalent-circuit model
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix;
Step 2, according to
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix is set up the Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model that relates to the factor that frequently becomes of power cable:
Wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
Moment power cable
The voltage of position;
Expression
Moment power cable
The voltage of position;
,
Expression respectively
Moment power cable
,
The electric current of position;
Expression
Moment power cable
The electric current of position;
LBe distributed inductance;
Be distributed capacitance;
RBe resistance;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing;
Wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
The voltage of moment power cable head end;
Expression
The electric current of moment power cable head end;
,
For
,
The voltage of moment signal source;
Internal resistance for signal source;
Be distributed capacitance;
Be extra electric field intensity;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing;
The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of power cable end is:
Wherein,
,
Expression respectively
,
The voltage of moment power cable end;
Expression
The electric current of moment power cable end;
Internal impedance for load;
Be distributed capacitance;
Be extra electric field intensity;
Be the space interval of choosing;
Be the time interval of choosing;
Step 3 adopts the described Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method iterative model of step 2 to simulate the propagation characteristic of local discharge signal in power cable.
2. the method for simulation local discharge signal according to claim 1 propagation characteristic in power cable is characterized in that: the described equivalent-circuit model of concentric cable of setting up under the high-frequency signal is to adopt many conductor transmission line method.
3. the method for simulation local discharge signal according to claim 1 and 2 propagation characteristic in power cable is characterized in that:
Described
R,
L,
CThe distribution parameter matrix is to adopt finite element method to obtain.
5. the method for simulation local discharge signal according to claim 3 propagation characteristic in power cable is characterized in that:
Described
Revise by introducing the time domain convolution.
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CN110442978A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-12 | 华北电力大学(保定) | A kind of more conductor distribution capacity quick calculation methods based on FInite Element |
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